Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Elgin
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	85,870	84,315	760	35
0 to 4 years	5,500	5,265	30	0
5 to 9 years	5,415	5,365	0	0
10 to 14 years	5,750	5,700	0	0
15 to 19 years	6,140	6,090	10	0
20 to 24 years	4,970	4,940	0	0
25 to 29 years	4,505	4,455	30	0
30 to 34 years	4,795	4,730	55	0
35 to 39 years	5,430	5,355	45	0
40 to 44 years	5,760	5,680	50	0
45 to 49 years	6,810	6,660	115	0
50 to 54 years	6,645	6,545	75	0
55 to 59 years	5,885	5,760	95	0
60 to 64 years	5,625	5,520	55	0
65 to 69 years	4,305	4,180	70	0
70 to 74 years	3,235	3,120	55	0
75 to 79 years	2,340	2,260	35	0
80 to 84 years	1,665	1,635	0	0
85 years and over	1,105	1,065	10	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.4	40.2	53.1	59.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	69,205	67,980	720	30
Married or living with a common-law partner	44,120	43,245	550	25
Married (and not separated)	37,995	37,250	420	25
Living common law	6,120	5,995	130	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	25,090	24,735	170	0
Single (never legally married)	15,405	15,260	65	0
Separated	2,205	2,180	0	0
Divorced	3,715	3,660	50	0
Widowed	3,775	3,635	35	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	85,875	84,315	760	35
Single responses	85,465	83,920	750	35
English	73,365	73,365	0	0
French	895	145	750	0
Non-official languages	11,205	10,405	0	35
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	10,235	9,470	0	20
Arabic	80	60	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	25	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	25	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	1,300	1,290	0	0
German	7,035	6,415	0	0
Greek	65	65	0	0
Gujarati	115	105	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	115	0	0
Italian	185	175	0	0
Korean	85	80	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	20	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0
Polish	235	210	0	0
Portuguese	320	295	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	15	0	0
Serbian	20	20	0	0
Spanish	230	220	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	70	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	50	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0
Vietnamese	170	160	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	960	925	0	15
Multiple responses	410	395	0	0
English and French	50	50	0	0
English and non-official language	335	340	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	85,875	84,315	765	35
English only	81,920	81,920	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	3,180	2,395	750	30
Neither English nor French	770	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	85,875	84,315	760	35
Single responses	85,265	83,720	750	35
English	81,115	80,510	605	0
French	160	0	150	0
Non-official languages	3,990	3,195	0	35
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	3,695	2,935	0	20
Arabic	35	20	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	80	65	0	0
German	2,925	2,300	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	100	95	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	25	0	0
Italian	30	25	0	0
Korean	40	35	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	25	20	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	75	0	0
Portuguese	95	70	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	95	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	60	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	290	260	0	20
Multiple responses	605	600	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	590	590	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	85,870	84,315	760	35
None	79,760	78,580	445	0
English	1,805	1,655	110	15
French	580	375	205	0
Non-official language	3,625	3,620	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,620	3,615	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	35	0	0
French and non-official language	70	55	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	12,630	11,795	40	35
Aboriginal languages	25	20	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,615	11,780	40	35
Italian	250	245	0	0
Portuguese	445	405	0	0
Romanian	20	20	0	0
Spanish	1,075	1,025	0	0
Dutch	1,415	1,395	0	0
Flemish	135	130	0	0
German	7,595	6,960	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	40	40	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	40	35	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	335	325	0	0
Czech	65	65	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	345	320	0	0
Russian	35	35	0	0
Serbian	20	15	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	65	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0
Ukrainian	100	100	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	50	0	0
Greek	85	85	0	0
Armenian	30	0	0	0
Albanian	50	40	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	155	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	85	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	70	65	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	125	120	0	0
Hindi	115	120	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	25	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	20	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	20	0	0
Korean	90	80	0	0
Cantonese	35	30	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	20	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	135	0	0
Vietnamese	180	165	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	85	85	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	180	175	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	84,885	83,395	755	35
Non-movers	75,435	74,210	650	30
Movers	9,445	9,180	105	0
Non-migrants	4,890	4,835	40	0
Migrants	4,555	4,345	65	0
Internal migrants	4,230	4,100	65	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,990	3,875	65	0
Interprovincial migrants	235	225	0	0
External migrants	330	250	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	80,375	79,050	730	35
Non-movers	52,480	51,700	440	0
Movers	27,900	27,350	290	25
Non-migrants	13,850	13,680	125	0
Migrants	14,050	13,670	165	20
Internal migrants	13,230	12,990	150	20
Intraprovincial migrants	12,500	12,285	140	20
Interprovincial migrants	730	705	15	0
External migrants	820	680	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	85,875	84,315	765	35
Canadian citizens	84,660	83,280	755	30
Canadian citizens only	83,640	82,295	755	15
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,020	985	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	1,215	1,035	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	85,870	84,315	760	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	74,745	73,850	720	10
Born in province of residence	70,080	69,530	375	0
Born outside province of residence	4,665	4,315	345	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	10,930	10,315	40	30
Americas	5,150	4,730	0	0
United States	765	745	0	0
Jamaica	35	30	0	0
Guyana	30	30	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	3,705	3,300	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0
Colombia	80	80	0	0
El Salvador	35	30	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	470	475	0	0
Europe	4,825	4,705	25	15
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	1,520	1,520	0	0
Italy	150	150	0	0
Germany	290	280	0	0
Poland	230	210	0	0
Portugal	245	220	0	0
Netherlands	1,195	1,175	0	0
France	35	25	0	0
Romania	135	135	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	35	35	0	0
Ukraine	40	40	0	0
Croatia	165	165	0	0
Hungary	50	55	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	65	60	0	0
Serbia	50	45	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	20	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	590	565	0	0
Africa	125	105	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	65	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	0
Asia	815	760	0	0
India	155	150	0	0
China^Footnote 24	50	40	0	0
Philippines	100	100	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	25	20	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	110	95	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	80	75	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	200	195	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	15	15	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	15	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	195	155	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	755	625	0	0
Americas	595	480	0	0
United States	85	85	0	0
Mexico	410	295	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	85	0	0
Europe	85	85	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	60	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	30	0	0
Africa	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	55	40	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	15	15	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	85,875	84,315	760	30
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	74,745	73,850	720	0
Immigrants^Footnote 43	10,930	10,315	45	30
Before 1971	3,880	3,800	45	0
1971 to 1980	1,855	1,760	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,010	1,890	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,410	1,320	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	1,775	1,550	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,020	930	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	750	625	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	200	155	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	85,875	84,315	765	35
First generation^Footnote 48	11,400	10,735	40	30
Second generation^Footnote 49	16,495	16,315	0	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	57,980	57,265	715	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	85,870	84,315	760	35
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	1,560	1,550	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	1,130	1,130	0	0
Métis single identity	315	305	15	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	40	40	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	65	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	84,310	82,770	745	30
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	85,870	84,315	760	35
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	630	635	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,235	83,680	760	35
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	69,205	67,985	720	30
In the labour force	44,465	43,945	410	10
Employed	40,475	40,075	350	10
Unemployed	3,990	3,865	55	0
Not in the labour force	24,740	24,040	315	20
Participation rate	64.3	64.6	56.9	33.3
Employment rate	58.5	58.9	48.6	33.3
Unemployment rate	9.0	8.8	13.4	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	44,465	43,945	410	10
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	1,245	1,195	25	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	43,220	42,750	385	10
Employee	37,985	37,575	335	0
Self-employed	5,240	5,180	50	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,265	1,255	0	0
Without paid help	515	515	0	0
With paid help	755	740	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,805	3,765	45	0
Without paid help	2,710	2,685	20	0
With paid help	1,100	1,075	0	0
Unpaid family worker	165	165	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	44,465	43,945	405	10
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	1,245	1,195	25	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	43,225	42,750	385	10
0 Management occupations	4,440	4,395	35	0
00 Senior management occupations	225	225	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	790	780	10	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,435	1,420	15	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,990	1,970	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,675	5,615	55	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	650	645	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,815	1,795	15	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	620	615	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,375	1,350	25	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,215	1,205	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,660	1,635	25	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	640	640	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,015	1,000	20	0
3 Health occupations	3,150	3,120	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	970	955	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	395	395	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	940	930	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	850	835	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,035	3,995	35	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,330	1,305	25	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	655	650	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	995	995	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	310	305	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	745	745	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	670	675	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	250	250	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	425	425	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,335	9,225	105	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	590	585	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,205	1,195	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,735	1,725	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,605	1,555	45	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,425	1,410	15	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,780	2,750	25	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,145	8,115	25	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,745	2,730	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,580	1,570	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	745	745	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,390	2,380	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	695	690	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,890	1,825	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	150	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,115	1,065	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	610	610	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,210	4,150	60	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	370	370	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	540	520	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,660	2,610	40	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	640	640	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	44,465	43,945	410	10
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	1,240	1,195	20	0
All industries^Footnote 64	43,220	42,750	385	10
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,780	2,700	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	65	0	0
22 Utilities	225	220	0	0
23 Construction	2,990	2,975	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,650	7,570	75	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,405	1,390	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,405	4,365	35	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,810	2,800	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	525	520	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,240	1,220	25	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	565	555	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,330	1,320	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	45	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,200	2,150	45	0
61 Educational services	2,475	2,440	30	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,430	5,380	50	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	705	705	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,865	2,845	20	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,815	1,800	15	0
91 Public administration	1,700	1,685	10	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	40,470	40,075	350	10
Usual place of work	31,860	31,565	275	0
Work in CSD of residence	10,560	10,490	60	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	7,645	7,570	55	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	13,595	13,435	150	0
Work in a different province	60	60	0	0
Worked at home	3,385	3,345	30	0
Worked outside Canada	155	160	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,070	5,010	45	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	36,930	36,570	320	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	31,830	31,530	275	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,580	2,530	25	0
Public transit	295	295	0	0
Walked	1,515	1,505	15	0
Bicycle	435	435	0	0
Other methods	280	275	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	47,020	46,455	435	15
English	46,325	45,930	365	10
French	70	45	25	0
Non-official language	480	375	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	480	375	0	0
English and French	115	75	40	0
English and non-official language	30	30	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	47,015	46,455	430	15
None	45,585	45,155	335	0
English	340	305	0	0
French	235	145	85	0
Non-official language	835	830	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	840	825	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	69,205	67,985	720	30
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,810	17,195	200	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	20,770	20,585	145	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	30,630	30,205	370	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	6,335	6,225	100	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	3,300	3,255	45	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	3,030	2,970	55	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,860	15,725	125	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	1,865	1,840	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,565	6,415	120	20
Bachelor's degree	4,310	4,220	65	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	930	900	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	195	0	0
Master's degree	950	925	25	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	175	175	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	30,630	30,200	375	20
Education	2,135	2,100	30	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	535	530	0	0
Humanities	1,310	1,305	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,625	2,590	35	0
Business, management and public administration	5,520	5,425	95	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	540	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	875	870	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,935	6,800	105	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,215	1,185	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	6,320	6,270	50	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,590	2,580	0	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	30,625	30,205	370	15
Inside Canada	28,825	28,430	365	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	85	90	0	0
Prince Edward Island	15	10	0	0
Nova Scotia	145	145	0	0
New Brunswick	145	135	0	0
Quebec	225	180	40	0
Ontario	27,715	27,385	305	0
Manitoba	145	145	0	0
Saskatchewan	75	75	0	0
Alberta	190	185	0	0
British Columbia	80	80	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	1,805	1,770	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	85,875	84,315	760	30
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	2,290	2,205	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	315	305	0	0
Chinese	250	230	0	0
Black	420	420	0	0
Filipino	155	155	0	0
Latin American	245	235	0	0
Arab	150	120	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	475	460	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	20	20	0	0
Korean	110	105	0	0
Japanese	55	50	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	15	20	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	85	90	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	83,580	82,110	760	20
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	85,870	84,315	760	30
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	43,405	42,345	410	20
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	42,465	41,970	345	0
Canadian - Total responses	30,645	30,200	270	0
Canadian - Single responses	15,195	15,015	70	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	15,450	15,180	205	0
English- Total responses	29,740	29,690	55	0
English - Single responses	7,895	7,895	0	0
English - Multiple responses	21,845	21,795	55	0
French - Total responses	7,540	6,905	635	0
French - Single responses	820	520	300	0
French - Multiple responses	6,720	6,380	335	0
Scottish - Total responses	18,685	18,660	25	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,340	2,335	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	16,340	16,325	20	0
Irish - Total responses	16,120	16,080	35	0
Irish - Single responses	1,490	1,485	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	14,635	14,595	30	0
German - Total responses	15,500	15,150	25	0
German - Single responses	4,800	4,580	0	0
German - Multiple responses	10,700	10,565	25	0
Italian - Total responses	1,970	1,935	0	0
Italian - Single responses	510	505	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,465	1,435	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	305	290	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	105	90	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	200	195	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,000	1,950	50	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	235	235	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,765	1,720	50	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,420	1,410	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	210	205	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,215	1,205	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	375	370	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	220	210	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	160	160	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	9,345	9,265	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	3,640	3,585	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	5,705	5,680	0	0
Polish- Total responses	1,880	1,845	0	0
Polish - Single responses	480	455	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,400	1,385	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	125	125	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	75	75	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	50	55	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	1,885	1,885	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	525	525	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,360	1,360	0	0
Russian- Total responses	2,655	2,525	0	0
Russian - Single responses	665	585	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	1,995	1,945	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,470	1,470	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	110	115	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,360	1,360	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	305	305	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	10	10	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	295	295	0	0
Métis - Total responses	290	270	20	0
Métis - Single responses	15	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	275	255	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	870	840	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	440	415	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	430	430	0	0
American - Total responses	1,080	1,075	0	0
American - Single responses	55	60	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,025	1,020	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	570	565	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	45	45	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	525	525	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	385	385	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	25	20	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	365	365	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,125	1,125	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	225	225	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	900	900	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	69,210	67,985	720	30
Without income	3,535	3,475	0	0
With income	65,670	64,515	710	25
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	6,645	6,555	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,930	4,805	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,095	5,925	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,135	5,965	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	10,840	10,640	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,355	8,245	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,845	6,765	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,725	4,675	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,765	5,660	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	3,410	3,375	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,935	1,900	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,165	1,155	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	770	745	25	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	28,183	28,347	30,230	13,835
Average income $^Footnote 97	35,265	35,347	38,608	18,926
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	69,205	67,980	720	30
Without after-tax income	3,555	3,490	0	0
With after-tax income	65,655	64,495	710	30
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	6,760	6,655	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,055	4,955	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,250	6,075	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,590	6,400	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,210	11,995	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,185	10,080	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,050	6,960	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,570	4,495	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,225	5,155	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,065	1,050	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	695	675	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	26,255	26,345	28,534	13,835
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	30,620	30,685	32,934	18,447
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	69,205	67,985	720	30
With employment income	46,315	45,755	425	15
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	27,956	27,919	47,941	6,005
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	34,770	34,746	45,100	12,159
With wages and salaries	41,790	41,265	395	10
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	30,071	30,051	49,451	6,005
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	36,076	36,048	47,266	12,159
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	44,465	43,945	405	10
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	24,030	23,725	290	0
All others^Footnote 108	20,435	20,215	125	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.