Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Sarnia, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 19.0 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	71,010	69,070	1,705	95
0 to 4 years	3,600	3,565	15	0
5 to 9 years	3,385	3,345	25	0
10 to 14 years	3,715	3,670	45	0
15 to 19 years	4,690	4,610	50	25
20 to 24 years	4,940	4,870	50	0
25 to 29 years	4,235	4,190	50	0
30 to 34 years	3,710	3,645	50	0
35 to 39 years	3,750	3,700	45	0
40 to 44 years	4,140	3,995	140	0
45 to 49 years	5,300	5,155	120	15
50 to 54 years	5,950	5,765	185	0
55 to 59 years	5,640	5,465	180	0
60 to 64 years	5,025	4,850	185	0
65 to 69 years	4,230	4,045	175	0
70 to 74 years	2,620	2,485	110	0
75 to 79 years	2,395	2,235	145	0
80 to 84 years	2,185	2,070	110	0
85 years and over	1,485	1,420	35	0
Median age^Footnote 3	44.1	43.6	57.6	31.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	60,310	58,490	1,625	80
Married or living with a common-law partner	34,955	33,810	1,055	45
Married (and not separated)	29,830	28,880	860	45
Living common law	5,120	4,930	190	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	25,355	24,680	570	40
Single (never legally married)	15,100	14,815	225	35
Separated	2,050	1,965	85	0
Divorced	4,055	3,965	85	0
Widowed	4,150	3,935	175	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	71,010	69,070	1,710	100
Single responses	70,520	68,615	1,690	85
English	63,175	63,175	0	0
French	1,810	130	1,675	0
Non-official languages	5,540	5,310	10	85
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	45	45	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	45	45	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	4,715	4,540	0	50
Arabic	160	130	0	15
Bengali	35	35	0	0
Cantonese	75	75	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	220	195	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	715	705	0	0
German	405	405	0	0
Greek	170	165	0	0
Gujarati	290	270	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	115	0	0
Italian	1,015	1,010	0	0
Korean	25	20	0	0
Mandarin	65	65	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	65	65	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	35	0	0
Polish	245	240	0	0
Portuguese	375	345	0	0
Romanian	65	55	0	0
Russian	70	70	0	0
Serbian	40	35	0	0
Spanish	145	125	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	165	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	35	0	0
Urdu	120	120	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	785	730	0	35
Multiple responses	490	455	15	15
English and French	105	75	15	15
English and non-official language	355	350	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	71,010	69,070	1,710	95
English only	65,520	65,525	0	0
French only	45	0	50	0
English and French	5,280	3,520	1,660	100
Neither English nor French	160	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	71,010	69,070	1,705	100
Single responses	70,230	68,405	1,640	50
English	68,075	66,875	1,195	0
French	470	15	450	0
Non-official languages	1,690	1,510	0	50
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	1,510	1,340	0	50
Arabic	120	85	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	30	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	65	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	0	0	0
German	20	15	0	0
Greek	75	70	0	0
Gujarati	130	115	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	310	305	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	30	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	45	40	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	25	0	0
Polish	95	85	0	0
Portuguese	185	155	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	25	20	0	0
Spanish	60	40	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	90	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	105	105	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	180	165	0	0
Multiple responses	775	665	60	50
English and French	120	20	60	45
English and non-official language	615	610	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	71,010	69,070	1,705	95
None	66,565	65,300	1,080	55
English	1,180	870	265	40
French	1,070	725	345	0
Non-official language	2,135	2,120	0	0
Aboriginal	105	105	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,030	2,015	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	0	0
French and non-official language	45	35	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	6,860	6,605	65	60
Aboriginal languages	145	145	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	95	100	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	45	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,715	6,460	65	55
Italian	1,245	1,230	0	0
Portuguese	440	400	0	15
Romanian	50	40	0	0
Spanish	460	400	40	0
Dutch	870	865	0	0
Flemish	25	25	0	0
German	510	505	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	40	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	30	0	0
Afrikaans	25	20	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	85	90	0	0
Czech	65	65	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	250	230	0	0
Russian	110	105	0	0
Serbian	40	35	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	160	160	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	55	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	20	0	0
Greek	200	195	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	25	0	0
Hungarian	110	110	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	260	230	0	15
Hebrew	25	20	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0
Bengali	45	45	0	0
Gujarati	340	330	0	0
Hindi	360	350	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	135	130	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	15	0	0
Urdu	220	225	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	50	0	0
Pashto	30	25	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	70	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	25	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0
Cantonese	130	130	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	110	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	230	205	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	20	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	255	260	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	40	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	205	185	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	70,325	68,410	1,705	95
Non-movers	61,560	59,835	1,540	80
Movers	8,765	8,570	165	0
Non-migrants	5,990	5,875	110	0
Migrants	2,770	2,695	55	0
Internal migrants	2,485	2,425	50	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,245	2,220	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	235	205	35	0
External migrants	285	270	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	67,405	65,505	1,690	95
Non-movers	43,305	41,965	1,185	70
Movers	24,100	23,540	500	30
Non-migrants	16,095	15,710	380	0
Migrants	8,005	7,830	125	30
Internal migrants	7,180	7,045	115	25
Intraprovincial migrants	6,280	6,205	65	0
Interprovincial migrants	895	835	50	10
External migrants	825	785	0	10
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	71,005	69,070	1,705	100
Canadian citizens	69,395	67,505	1,700	95
Canadian citizens only	68,205	66,395	1,670	55
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,190	1,110	35	35
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	1,610	1,565	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	71,010	69,075	1,705	100
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	62,080	60,330	1,655	50
Born in province of residence	56,790	55,725	980	45
Born outside province of residence	5,290	4,610	675	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	8,580	8,395	45	50
Americas	1,340	1,330	0	0
United States	965	965	0	0
Jamaica	90	90	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	35	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	60	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0
El Salvador	25	25	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	30	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	105	0	0
Europe	5,515	5,420	35	20
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	2,360	2,355	0	0
Italy	695	695	0	0
Germany	315	310	0	0
Poland	170	175	0	0
Portugal	310	280	0	0
Netherlands	680	670	0	0
France	30	15	20	0
Romania	80	70	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0
Greece	135	135	0	0
Ukraine	45	45	0	0
Croatia	50	50	0	0
Hungary	110	110	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	60	65	0	0
Serbia	25	20	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	160	160	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	275	260	0	0
Africa	355	310	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	35	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	40	0	0
Nigeria	25	25	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	120	115	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	95	0	0
Asia	1,350	1,310	0	0
India	370	355	0	0
China^Footnote 24	230	205	0	0
Philippines	140	135	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	105	105	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	130	130	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	20	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	15	15	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	20	25	0	0
Lebanon	25	25	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	75	75	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	170	170	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	25	25	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	25	30	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	350	345	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	450	425	0	0
Americas	90	95	0	0
United States	70	70	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	115	115	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	55	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	35	0	0
Africa	70	55	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	20	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	0
Asia	175	160	0	0
Philippines	10	15	0	0
China^Footnote 35	30	35	0	0
India	60	50	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	25	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	71,010	69,075	1,705	100
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	62,080	60,330	1,660	45
Immigrants^Footnote 43	8,580	8,395	50	50
Before 1971	4,110	4,060	25	0
1971 to 1980	1,770	1,745	0	15
1981 to 1990	695	685	0	0
1991 to 2000	685	670	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	1,320	1,235	0	25
2001 to 2005	865	815	0	25
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	450	425	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	345	345	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	71,005	69,070	1,710	100
First generation^Footnote 48	9,050	8,850	60	50
Second generation^Footnote 49	12,300	12,160	85	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	49,660	48,065	1,565	15
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	71,005	69,070	1,705	100
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	1,990	1,900	90	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	1,565	1,540	25	0
Métis single identity	405	345	60	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	69,015	67,170	1,620	95
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	71,005	69,075	1,705	100
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	1,005	990	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	70,000	68,080	1,690	100
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	60,305	58,495	1,625	80
In the labour force	35,075	34,155	860	50
Employed	31,450	30,620	795	25
Unemployed	3,625	3,540	65	0
Not in the labour force	25,235	24,335	765	35
Participation rate	58.2	58.4	52.9	62.5
Employment rate	52.2	52.3	48.9	31.2
Unemployment rate	10.3	10.4	7.6	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	35,070	34,155	860	50
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	1,010	965	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	34,065	33,195	840	25
Employee	31,485	30,695	765	20
Self-employed	2,585	2,500	80	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	885	850	25	0
Without paid help	170	160	0	0
With paid help	715	685	20	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	1,635	1,580	50	0
Without paid help	1,135	1,095	40	0
With paid help	495	485	0	0
Unpaid family worker	70	70	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	35,075	34,160	860	45
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	1,005	965	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	34,070	33,195	840	25
0 Management occupations	2,985	2,870	115	0
00 Senior management occupations	215	210	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	735	675	55	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,395	1,360	40	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	645	630	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,785	4,630	150	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	690	670	20	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,645	1,555	85	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	380	375	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,385	1,355	35	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	680	675	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,280	2,225	50	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,045	1,020	25	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,235	1,205	30	0
3 Health occupations	2,360	2,310	35	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	735	715	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	355	340	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	690	685	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	575	565	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,415	3,275	130	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,280	1,180	100	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	595	595	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	815	800	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	240	235	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	485	475	15	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	575	565	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	135	125	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	440	440	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,915	9,740	170	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	605	585	25	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,525	1,505	15	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,635	1,595	40	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,150	2,130	25	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,565	1,545	20	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,430	2,380	50	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,575	5,415	160	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,560	2,480	80	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	860	835	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	555	540	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,225	1,180	45	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	385	385	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	475	470	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	115	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	95	95	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	260	260	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,710	1,690	25	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	980	965	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	320	315	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	175	170	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	240	240	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	35,075	34,160	865	50
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	1,010	965	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	34,070	33,195	845	25
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	265	265	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	325	315	0	0
22 Utilities	425	415	0	0
23 Construction	2,630	2,560	65	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,850	3,755	90	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,295	1,275	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,195	4,090	105	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,565	1,515	50	0
51 Information and cultural industries	310	310	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	915	895	20	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	785	770	20	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,605	1,565	35	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,970	1,915	55	0
61 Educational services	2,360	2,215	150	0
62 Health care and social assistance	4,245	4,165	75	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,155	1,145	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,955	2,915	30	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,855	1,805	55	0
91 Public administration	1,350	1,295	50	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	31,450	30,625	800	25
Usual place of work	26,245	25,495	725	25
Work in CSD of residence	20,745	20,165	565	15
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,330	4,200	120	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,100	1,070	25	0
Work in a different province	70	60	0	0
Worked at home	1,350	1,325	25	0
Worked outside Canada	400	395	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,460	3,405	50	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	29,710	28,905	770	25
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,235	24,555	650	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,635	1,600	30	0
Public transit	755	730	25	0
Walked	1,355	1,315	45	0
Bicycle	410	395	20	0
Other methods	320	310	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	37,435	36,460	940	30
English	36,975	36,235	715	25
French	325	130	195	0
Non-official language	35	30	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	25	0	0
English and French	65	35	0	0
English and non-official language	35	25	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	37,435	36,455	940	30
None	36,745	36,000	720	20
English	135	50	85	0
French	385	235	135	10
Non-official language	135	135	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	120	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	60,305	58,495	1,620	80
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,840	10,365	375	15
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	19,035	18,600	390	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	30,435	29,530	855	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	6,645	6,415	225	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,930	2,840	90	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	3,720	3,580	135	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,910	13,550	350	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	1,510	1,455	50	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,365	8,110	235	25
Bachelor's degree	5,450	5,350	90	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,110	1,055	50	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	230	0	0
Master's degree	1,310	1,230	75	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	245	245	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	30,435	29,525	860	40
Education	2,230	2,085	140	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	775	750	0	0
Humanities	1,445	1,390	40	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,505	2,470	30	0
Business, management and public administration	4,995	4,870	115	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	880	855	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	720	710	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,850	8,595	245	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	420	25	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	5,265	5,140	110	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,325	2,235	90	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	30,435	29,530	860	40
Inside Canada	27,415	26,590	810	15
Newfoundland and Labrador	130	130	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	225	220	0	0
New Brunswick	110	105	0	0
Quebec	380	235	145	0
Ontario	26,005	25,365	630	0
Manitoba	95	85	0	0
Saskatchewan	50	45	0	0
Alberta	270	250	15	0
British Columbia	140	145	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	3,020	2,935	50	25
Total population in private households by visible minority	71,005	69,075	1,705	100
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	3,275	3,150	10	45
South Asian^Footnote 82	1,055	1,030	0	0
Chinese	610	585	0	0
Black	580	530	0	40
Filipino	320	320	0	0
Latin American	150	150	0	0
Arab	140	120	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	100	100	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	40	35	0	0
Korean	35	35	0	0
Japanese	15	15	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	105	105	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	120	125	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	67,735	65,925	1,690	50
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	71,010	69,075	1,705	100
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	34,960	33,890	910	45
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	36,050	35,185	800	50
Canadian - Total responses	21,630	20,785	845	0
Canadian - Single responses	9,980	9,640	345	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	11,645	11,145	500	0
English- Total responses	24,755	24,575	150	35
English - Single responses	6,455	6,455	0	0
English - Multiple responses	18,305	18,120	150	35
French - Total responses	11,420	10,195	1,200	15
French - Single responses	1,785	1,290	490	0
French - Multiple responses	9,635	8,905	715	15
Scottish - Total responses	17,150	17,065	80	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,725	2,715	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	14,430	14,345	70	10
Irish - Total responses	16,105	15,965	120	0
Irish - Single responses	2,030	2,030	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	14,070	13,935	120	0
German - Total responses	7,320	7,255	60	0
German - Single responses	1,000	1,000	0	0
German - Multiple responses	6,320	6,250	55	0
Italian - Total responses	3,735	3,695	30	0
Italian - Single responses	1,785	1,770	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,950	1,930	25	0
Chinese - Total responses	720	700	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	450	425	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	270	275	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,305	2,215	90	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	605	605	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,700	1,615	90	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,405	1,400	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	295	300	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,105	1,100	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	890	870	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	730	710	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	160	160	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	5,965	5,935	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	2,245	2,240	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	3,720	3,700	0	0
Polish- Total responses	1,555	1,535	15	0
Polish - Single responses	500	490	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,055	1,045	15	0
Filipino - Total responses	340	340	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	245	245	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	95	95	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	1,670	1,665	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	545	545	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,120	1,120	0	0
Russian- Total responses	400	390	0	0
Russian - Single responses	30	35	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	365	355	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,560	1,555	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	160	165	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,400	1,390	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	495	480	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	25	25	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	470	455	0	0
Métis - Total responses	555	485	65	0
Métis - Single responses	50	40	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	505	445	65	0
Portuguese - Total responses	820	795	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	490	465	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	330	330	0	0
American - Total responses	1,200	1,185	15	0
American - Single responses	105	110	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,090	1,075	15	0
Spanish - Total responses	295	265	20	0
Spanish - Single responses	20	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	270	255	15	0
Swedish - Total responses	335	335	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	60	65	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	270	275	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	690	685	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	180	180	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	505	505	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	60,310	58,490	1,620	85
Without income	3,130	3,035	70	0
With income	57,175	55,460	1,550	70
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	5,515	5,355	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,580	4,475	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	5,515	5,400	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,095	4,915	150	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,420	8,105	285	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,500	6,300	195	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,135	5,015	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,875	3,785	90	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,265	5,110	140	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	3,280	3,115	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	3,995	3,880	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,905	1,845	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	2,090	2,030	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	29,196	29,188	31,745	17,511
Average income $^Footnote 97	41,652	41,614	44,518	42,063
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	60,310	58,495	1,625	80
Without after-tax income	3,160	3,060	70	0
With after-tax income	57,145	55,430	1,550	70
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	5,715	5,545	145	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,695	4,570	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	5,595	5,495	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,555	5,360	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	9,520	9,180	315	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	7,625	7,430	185	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,510	5,380	125	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,070	3,940	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	4,990	4,785	205	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,160	2,075	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,710	1,665	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	26,901	26,933	28,182	16,743
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	34,784	34,742	37,395	35,471
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	60,305	58,495	1,625	85
With employment income	38,545	37,560	920	55
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	28,816	28,758	34,387	16,024
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	42,033	41,954	45,780	35,331
With wages and salaries	36,565	35,640	870	55
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	29,618	29,526	33,827	16,024
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	42,482	42,406	46,238	35,331
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	35,075	34,160	860	50
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	18,025	17,560	460	0
All others^Footnote 108	17,050	16,600	405	45

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.