Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Alberta^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 27.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	3,567,980	3,452,535	62,455	11,625
0 to 4 years	243,770	232,770	1,710	395
5 to 9 years	216,840	213,535	1,945	630
10 to 14 years	218,630	214,730	2,135	1,390
15 to 19 years	235,430	231,375	2,515	1,335
20 to 24 years	254,650	250,310	3,025	945
25 to 29 years	285,790	279,315	4,830	885
30 to 34 years	271,815	264,140	5,380	1,185
35 to 39 years	257,555	249,970	4,850	1,255
40 to 44 years	256,025	248,515	4,620	1,030
45 to 49 years	278,030	269,485	5,630	750
50 to 54 years	276,700	267,130	6,505	525
55 to 59 years	230,770	222,195	5,470	350
60 to 64 years	178,650	170,500	4,545	335
65 to 69 years	121,290	114,770	3,145	220
70 to 74 years	92,485	86,430	2,475	145
75 to 79 years	70,590	65,580	1,815	145
80 to 84 years	48,725	44,530	1,110	65
85 years and over	30,230	27,280	755	45
Median age^Footnote 4	36.1	35.8	45.2	31.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	2,888,735	2,791,510	56,670	9,210
Married or living with a common-law partner	1,744,745	1,680,515	37,110	5,435
Married (and not separated)	1,474,350	1,418,665	29,320	5,140
Living common law	270,395	261,855	7,790	290
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,143,995	1,110,990	19,555	3,775
Single (never legally married)	800,885	784,335	11,715	3,115
Separated	65,925	63,685	1,365	175
Divorced	172,370	167,035	4,050	325
Widowed	104,815	95,930	2,425	160
Total population in private households by mother tongue	3,567,975	3,452,535	62,455	11,620
Single responses	3,518,790	3,405,250	61,150	11,025
English	2,775,655	2,775,585	70	0
French	64,475	5,235	59,245	0
Non-official languages	678,650	624,430	1,835	11,020
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	17,750	17,620	10	25
Cree, n.o.s.	15,680	15,580	10	25
Dene	1,625	1,605	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	55	55	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	385	375	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	558,840	511,570	1,030	9,155
Arabic	26,050	23,125	220	1,345
Bengali	5,085	4,870	0	95
Cantonese	36,245	29,185	30	175
Chinese, n.o.s.	46,160	38,870	0	380
Creoles	1,230	915	100	195
Dutch	17,595	17,250	15	265
German	64,575	62,650	65	325
Greek	2,680	2,630	0	30
Gujarati	8,725	8,005	0	105
Hindi	12,320	11,730	0	130
Hungarian	6,475	6,310	0	75
Italian	11,750	11,365	10	105
Korean	12,840	11,725	0	90
Mandarin	18,845	16,460	20	220
Panjabi (Punjabi)	49,810	43,465	70	490
Persian (Farsi)	11,090	9,965	40	355
Polish	19,060	18,245	40	260
Portuguese	6,900	6,375	50	195
Romanian	6,115	4,960	0	815
Russian	13,880	12,445	0	445
Serbian	3,210	3,055	0	70
Spanish	41,960	37,305	200	2,125
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	67,390	66,675	70	105
Tamil	2,845	2,750	0	20
Ukrainian	24,345	23,985	0	175
Urdu	18,690	17,425	0	270
Vietnamese	22,970	19,840	25	300
Other languages^Footnote 8	102,060	95,245	795	1,840
Multiple responses	49,190	47,285	1,300	595
English and French	3,275	2,615	130	535
English and non-official language	43,930	43,920	0	0
French and non-official language	1,630	465	1,165	0
English, French and non-official language	355	290	0	65
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
English only	3,287,560	3,287,560	0	0
French only	2,840	0	2,845	0
English and French	234,575	163,375	59,575	11,625
Neither English nor French	43,000	1,605	35	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	3,567,980	3,452,535	62,455	11,620
Single responses	3,481,315	3,368,510	60,610	10,835
English	3,092,970	3,054,800	38,170	0
French	22,560	1,185	21,380	0
Non-official languages	365,780	312,530	1,055	10,835
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	6,330	6,200	0	30
Cree, n.o.s.	5,515	5,420	0	25
Dene	765	750	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	45	35	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	310,930	263,750	835	9,130
Arabic	14,845	11,885	265	1,320
Bengali	3,285	3,065	0	90
Cantonese	25,920	18,330	20	195
Chinese, n.o.s.	30,385	23,420	0	390
Creoles	575	335	15	205
Dutch	2,350	2,015	0	270
German	21,130	19,270	20	320
Greek	690	640	0	30
Gujarati	5,155	4,460	0	100
Hindi	6,455	5,870	0	130
Hungarian	1,760	1,615	0	70
Italian	3,105	2,735	0	105
Korean	9,490	8,375	0	90
Mandarin	14,875	12,535	20	210
Panjabi (Punjabi)	38,705	32,430	65	465
Persian (Farsi)	7,850	6,725	30	350
Polish	7,885	7,120	0	245
Portuguese	2,505	2,015	0	200
Romanian	3,945	2,780	0	820
Russian	8,765	7,330	0	435
Serbian	2,015	1,865	0	70
Spanish	26,680	21,905	280	2,140
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	39,310	38,630	0	115
Tamil	1,705	1,610	0	20
Ukrainian	3,105	2,740	0	180
Urdu	12,850	11,520	0	270
Vietnamese	15,595	12,535	25	295
Other languages^Footnote 12	48,525	42,580	225	1,680
Multiple responses	86,660	84,025	1,845	785
English and French	2,065	500	920	645
English and non-official language	83,655	83,370	295	0
French and non-official language	635	90	545	0
English, French and non-official language	300	70	90	140
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	3,567,975	3,452,535	62,455	11,620
None	3,148,605	3,072,430	33,645	4,735
English	178,140	159,510	11,610	5,165
French	35,305	19,670	15,140	480
Non-official language	199,980	196,580	1,470	290
Aboriginal	12,645	12,620	30	0
Non-Aboriginal	187,330	183,955	1,440	285
English and French	1,040	120	95	820
English and non-official language	2,495	2,115	235	95
French and non-official language	2,380	2,100	265	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	0	25
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	835,380	774,375	8,505	11,140
Aboriginal languages	33,965	33,705	95	45
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	15	0	0
Blackfoot	4,235	4,225	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	22,770	22,590	75	30
Mi'kmaq	35	30	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	805	785	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	80	80	0	0
Dene	2,065	2,050	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	35	35	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	70	70	0	0
Stoney	3,490	3,460	0	15
Inuktitut	90	90	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	1,070	1,060	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	801,655	740,890	8,420	11,095
Italian	19,380	18,275	570	255
Portuguese	9,740	8,970	175	300
Romanian	7,305	6,120	45	790
Spanish	81,350	73,465	2,900	2,550
Dutch	21,195	20,705	145	270
Flemish	340	300	20	20
German	83,680	80,605	745	735
Yiddish	265	230	0	0
Danish	3,280	3,260	0	10
Norwegian	1,700	1,690	0	0
Swedish	1,560	1,525	0	25
Afrikaans	4,090	4,045	0	0
Gaelic languages	665	660	0	0
Bosnian	2,260	2,120	0	55
Bulgarian	1,190	1,085	0	70
Croatian	4,630	4,480	0	50
Czech	3,380	3,315	10	40
Macedonian	360	335	0	0
Polish	21,895	20,985	110	280
Russian	20,635	18,755	100	705
Serbian	3,805	3,620	0	70
Serbo-Croatian	905	880	0	0
Slovak	2,400	2,340	0	45
Slovenian	720	720	0	0
Ukrainian	31,850	31,360	25	215
Latvian	435	430	0	0
Lithuanian	430	405	0	0
Greek	4,325	4,215	30	55
Armenian	525	475	0	20
Albanian	1,370	1,195	0	30
Estonian	185	185	0	0
Finnish	1,185	1,175	0	0
Hungarian	7,460	7,225	30	135
Turkish	3,450	3,060	20	145
Berber languages (Kabyle)	40	20	0	0
Oromo	1,775	1,625	20	25
Somali	5,900	5,295	110	185
Amharic	6,635	6,285	40	75
Arabic	40,920	36,840	1,015	1,520
Hebrew	2,410	2,315	25	45
Maltese	95	90	0	0
Tigrigna	2,230	2,055	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	720	635	0	0
Bengali	6,110	5,885	10	100
Gujarati	11,875	11,090	0	105
Hindi	40,750	39,075	75	375
Konkani	390	390	0	0
Marathi	1,330	1,300	0	20
Panjabi (Punjabi)	62,815	56,295	80	540
Sindhi	3,490	3,325	0	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,715	2,685	0	0
Urdu	26,815	25,210	0	365
Nepali	1,800	1,535	0	25
Kurdish	1,920	1,750	0	0
Pashto	2,485	2,255	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	12,655	11,480	60	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,360	1,225	0	20
Kannada	670	665	0	0
Malayalam	3,795	3,610	0	0
Tamil	3,995	3,875	0	20
Telugu	1,270	1,240	0	0
Japanese	8,650	8,245	85	20
Korean	13,935	12,805	10	90
Cantonese	46,015	38,060	50	245
Fukien	525	460	0	0
Hakka	345	295	0	0
Mandarin	29,850	26,365	70	280
Taiwanese	495	440	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	48,160	41,115	45	350
Lao	1,330	1,175	35	15
Thai	1,930	1,830	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,805	2,480	0	35
Vietnamese	29,205	25,125	95	305
Bisayan languages	3,420	3,405	0	0
Ilocano	3,570	3,535	0	0
Malay	2,400	2,360	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	87,385	86,615	70	115
Akan (Twi)	1,815	1,805	0	0
Lingala	685	120	510	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	450	200	190	55
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	775	380	190	200
Swahili	5,000	4,165	605	155
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	1,955	1,660	245	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,070	3,550	385	85
African languages, n.i.e.	4,705	4,525	70	0
Creoles	2,570	1,915	420	210
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	16,515	14,935	460	330
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	3,518,330	3,405,995	62,075	11,435
Non-movers	2,985,105	2,893,055	51,135	9,160
Movers	533,225	512,935	10,940	2,285
Non-migrants	332,955	321,635	6,170	1,420
Migrants	200,265	191,310	4,770	860
Internal migrants	163,305	157,875	4,190	465
Intraprovincial migrants	107,935	105,400	1,890	210
Interprovincial migrants	55,370	52,480	2,300	250
External migrants	36,965	33,430	580	395
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	3,324,210	3,219,770	60,745	11,230
Non-movers	1,830,575	1,779,575	30,455	3,605
Movers	1,493,630	1,440,195	30,285	7,625
Non-migrants	793,470	771,720	12,230	2,725
Migrants	700,160	668,475	18,060	4,900
Internal migrants	537,455	517,510	15,690	2,460
Intraprovincial migrants	321,605	315,380	5,335	310
Interprovincial migrants	215,850	202,130	10,355	2,145
External migrants	162,710	150,965	2,370	2,445
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,625
Canadian citizens	3,326,545	3,231,195	59,375	8,210
Canadian citizens only	3,244,580	3,154,260	57,790	6,540
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	81,960	76,940	1,585	1,670
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	241,435	221,340	3,075	3,410
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	3,567,980	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	2,864,240	2,799,080	54,205	2,460
Born in province of residence	1,911,805	1,884,525	17,720	1,650
Born outside province of residence	952,440	914,555	36,485	815
Immigrants^Footnote 23	644,115	596,845	7,530	8,700
Americas	86,500	81,935	875	1,885
United States	31,045	30,545	380	80
Jamaica	4,340	4,340	0	0
Guyana	2,330	2,330	0	0
Haiti	720	475	180	55
Mexico	10,750	9,925	40	320
Trinidad and Tobago	2,950	2,950	0	0
Colombia	6,865	5,870	145	505
El Salvador	5,535	5,000	0	145
Peru	1,310	1,155	15	125
Chile	4,300	3,975	30	140
Other places of birth in Americas	16,345	15,365	70	520
Europe	178,660	171,715	2,265	2,480
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	58,245	58,195	35	0
Italy	8,050	7,690	40	70
Germany	20,090	19,770	135	135
Poland	16,330	15,700	50	155
Portugal	3,470	3,110	0	110
Netherlands	15,285	15,105	30	150
France	2,395	935	1,440	20
Romania	6,235	5,505	30	575
Russian Federation	5,900	5,350	35	220
Greece	1,460	1,400	0	0
Ukraine	6,430	6,100	0	105
Croatia	2,775	2,670	0	65
Hungary	3,625	3,545	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,720	3,515	0	85
Serbia	1,865	1,815	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	2,795	2,785	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	19,995	18,535	425	715
Africa	55,855	49,440	3,775	1,775
Morocco	890	300	315	285
Algeria	695	225	305	160
Egypt	3,120	2,870	80	140
South Africa, Republic of	6,010	5,995	0	0
Nigeria	5,575	5,505	40	0
Ethiopia	6,380	6,110	20	60
Kenya	4,005	3,870	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	29,180	24,560	3,025	1,100
Asia	314,145	284,985	610	2,510
India	59,020	53,430	0	330
China^Footnote 25	49,595	38,815	80	510
Philippines	69,570	69,005	60	95
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	17,300	16,230	0	40
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	26,020	21,335	65	185
Pakistan	19,105	18,240	0	180
Sri Lanka	3,295	3,265	0	0
Iran^Footnote 27	5,595	5,360	0	80
Korea, South^Footnote 28	9,570	8,900	0	60
Lebanon	8,390	7,550	170	320
Taiwan	2,955	2,740	0	0
Iraq	3,820	3,525	0	20
Bangladesh	3,680	3,545	0	85
Afghanistan	4,345	3,630	0	205
Japan	2,940	2,790	0	0
Turkey	1,670	1,480	0	60
Other places of birth in Asia	27,265	25,160	100	335
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	8,955	8,775	0	0
Fiji	4,135	3,970	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	4,815	4,800	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	59,625	56,615	720	465
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	144,165	130,795	2,095	2,940
Americas	21,555	19,685	145	675
United States	6,190	6,125	15	25
Mexico	4,115	3,680	0	190
Cuba	440	400	0	0
Haiti	430	305	70	40
Jamaica	490	490	0	0
Brazil	795	740	0	45
Colombia	3,100	2,640	25	125
Guyana	95	95	0	0
Peru	515	455	0	50
Venezuela^Footnote 33	1,935	1,780	0	100
Other places of birth in Americas	3,455	2,975	30	95
Europe	19,300	17,380	460	845
France	480	60	415	0
Germany	1,710	1,650	0	40
Poland	980	895	0	0
Romania	1,550	1,255	0	210
Moldova^Footnote 34	495	310	0	175
Russian Federation	1,695	1,460	0	95
Ukraine	1,350	1,225	0	25
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	7,330	7,320	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	3,705	3,205	20	280
Africa	17,435	14,795	1,385	770
Nigeria	3,200	3,160	0	0
Ethiopia	2,355	2,225	0	0
Mauritius	315	100	160	60
Somalia	1,275	1,175	0	0
Algeria	255	90	85	80
Egypt	905	820	0	60
Morocco	405	150	115	135
Tunisia	175	40	35	105
Cameroon	615	350	240	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	370	120	205	20
South Africa, Republic of	1,495	1,490	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,060	5,075	510	240
Asia	84,525	77,615	100	650
Philippines	29,215	28,955	0	35
China^Footnote 36	10,395	8,235	0	100
India	16,810	15,230	0	70
Pakistan	6,070	5,690	0	85
Iran^Footnote 37	1,820	1,715	0	35
South Korea^Footnote 38	2,990	2,755	0	30
Sri Lanka	1,245	1,230	0	0
Iraq	1,040	835	0	0
Bangladesh	1,405	1,350	0	25
Lebanon	1,435	1,155	25	150
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	1,855	1,390	0	0
Taiwan	445	415	0	0
Afghanistan	785	605	0	0
Japan	955	870	0	0
Turkey	370	340	0	0
Israel	215	210	0	0
Nepal	770	640	0	30
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	660	560	0	0
United Arab Emirates	530	495	0	20
Saudi Arabia	550	540	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	215	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	4,740	4,215	0	30
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	1,360	1,330	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	3,567,980	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	2,864,240	2,799,080	54,205	2,460
Immigrants^Footnote 44	644,115	596,840	7,535	8,700
Before 1971	92,610	90,100	930	330
1971 to 1980	83,620	79,325	595	490
1981 to 1990	86,185	79,045	710	710
1991 to 2000	124,465	113,255	1,615	1,605
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	257,230	235,110	3,680	5,575
2001 to 2005	113,060	104,315	1,585	2,630
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	144,170	130,795	2,095	2,940
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	59,620	56,615	720	460
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
First generation^Footnote 49	715,370	664,690	8,450	9,195
Second generation^Footnote 50	681,780	667,000	5,250	1,955
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	2,170,830	2,120,850	48,755	475
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,625
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	220,695	217,850	2,620	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	116,670	116,105	380	40
Métis single identity	96,865	94,735	2,085	35
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	1,985	1,970	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	1,870	1,830	40	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	3,300	3,205	95	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,347,280	3,234,690	59,835	11,550
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	106,420	105,920	340	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,461,560	3,346,620	62,115	11,585
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	2,888,735	2,791,505	56,670	9,210
In the labour force	2,115,640	2,056,815	41,495	6,535
Employed	1,993,225	1,937,965	39,275	6,055
Unemployed	122,415	118,855	2,215	475
Not in the labour force	773,100	734,690	15,180	2,675
Participation rate	73.2	73.7	73.2	71.0
Employment rate	69.0	69.4	69.3	65.7
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.8	5.3	7.3
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	2,115,640	2,056,815	41,490	6,535
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	27,490	26,600	390	130
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	2,088,150	2,030,220	41,100	6,400
Employee	1,841,365	1,790,540	35,420	5,855
Self-employed	246,785	239,680	5,675	545
Self-employed (incorporated)	122,480	119,170	2,710	265
Without paid help	57,340	55,775	1,345	105
With paid help	65,145	63,395	1,370	160
Self-employed (unincorporated)	117,540	113,920	2,855	270
Without paid help	87,150	84,535	2,205	165
With paid help	30,390	29,385	650	100
Unpaid family worker	6,765	6,590	115	15
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	2,115,640	2,056,820	41,490	6,535
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	27,490	26,600	390	130
All occupations^Footnote 62	2,088,145	2,030,215	41,100	6,400
0 Management occupations	248,520	242,440	5,225	430
00 Senior management occupations	20,410	19,905	435	45
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	72,225	70,320	1,685	140
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	75,080	73,410	1,330	130
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	80,805	78,800	1,780	120
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	347,880	339,950	6,205	965
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	65,220	63,880	1,030	235
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	115,315	112,500	2,250	330
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	28,330	27,715	480	45
14 Office support occupations	95,050	92,915	1,650	270
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	43,970	42,940	805	90
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	168,725	164,645	3,010	810
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	91,790	89,575	1,500	590
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	76,930	75,070	1,515	220
3 Health occupations	125,125	122,555	1,975	345
30 Professional occupations in nursing	36,300	35,530	680	30
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	25,040	24,575	360	100
32 Technical occupations in health	36,445	35,775	500	75
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	27,340	26,675	440	135
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	211,945	204,940	5,685	825
40 Professional occupations in education services	72,305	69,380	2,540	340
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	48,290	47,065	920	195
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	36,040	34,970	815	175
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	19,185	18,440	695	45
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	36,130	35,085	710	70
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45,140	43,905	955	160
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	14,620	14,185	360	25
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30,520	29,715	600	135
6 Sales and service occupations	438,865	425,340	6,685	1,740
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	38,315	37,545	620	95
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	57,535	54,905	865	235
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	95,225	93,285	1,220	375
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	88,465	86,125	1,660	325
66 Sales support occupations	58,315	56,785	860	285
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	101,020	96,700	1,455	425
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	367,655	356,155	9,050	930
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	145,590	140,470	4,000	370
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	70,270	68,270	1,730	110
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	29,805	28,975	545	100
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	93,945	91,445	2,030	260
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	28,040	26,995	745	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	69,950	68,360	1,340	90
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	26,300	25,690	555	30
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	21,605	21,110	405	25
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	22,045	21,560	385	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	64,345	61,930	960	105
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	24,385	24,025	325	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	17,990	17,100	340	50
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	9,460	8,940	165	30
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	12,515	11,860	135	10
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	2,115,640	2,056,820	41,495	6,535
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	27,490	26,600	390	130
All industries^Footnote 65	2,088,150	2,030,215	41,100	6,405
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	61,165	59,835	1,090	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	136,500	133,370	2,685	340
22 Utilities	22,030	21,610	355	50
23 Construction	195,905	189,625	5,015	490
31-33 Manufacturing	123,465	119,025	2,400	405
41 Wholesale trade	89,005	86,625	1,685	220
44-45 Retail trade	229,230	224,115	3,255	765
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	104,770	101,785	2,330	385
51 Information and cultural industries	35,460	34,645	555	150
52 Finance and insurance	68,765	67,485	1,030	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40,090	39,310	630	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	162,490	158,795	2,830	570
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,530	2,485	50	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	72,965	70,305	1,460	215
61 Educational services	141,550	136,395	4,405	530
62 Health care and social assistance	206,690	201,955	3,505	570
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	39,720	38,635	765	150
72 Accommodation and food services	125,810	120,960	1,810	685
81 Other services (except public administration)	101,280	98,525	1,780	280
91 Public administration	128,720	124,735	3,455	330
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	1,993,225	1,937,965	39,275	6,055
Usual place of work	1,547,305	1,504,935	29,230	4,855
Work in CSD of residence	1,157,415	1,124,110	21,575	4,280
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	322,225	314,905	6,215	460
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	56,030	54,595	1,200	80
Work in a different province	11,635	11,320	240	30
Worked at home	147,250	143,360	3,095	270
Worked outside Canada	6,620	6,345	155	60
No fixed workplace address	292,055	283,325	6,800	870
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	1,839,360	1,788,255	36,030	5,725
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,406,150	1,369,905	27,305	3,560
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	103,715	100,290	1,660	410
Public transit	193,115	185,810	3,930	1,325
Walked	91,005	88,340	1,965	310
Bicycle	19,535	18,845	610	55
Other methods	25,835	25,075	570	70
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	2,259,370	2,196,300	44,110	7,160
English	2,224,725	2,173,980	38,570	6,625
French	6,355	2,155	4,090	110
Non-official language	17,185	11,370	60	165
Aboriginal	1,000	995	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	16,190	10,375	60	165
English and French	2,915	1,470	1,350	100
English and non-official language	7,975	7,185	25	115
French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	170	120	15	40
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	2,259,370	2,196,305	44,110	7,160
None	2,183,130	2,135,405	32,110	5,915
English	11,055	7,670	2,530	160
French	20,110	10,520	9,170	425
Non-official language	43,345	41,290	175	515
Aboriginal	4,635	4,620	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	38,710	36,670	165	510
English and French	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	70	15	0
French and non-official language	1,585	1,340	110	125
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	2,888,735	2,791,505	56,670	9,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	550,465	520,170	9,440	1,355
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	764,390	744,080	13,210	1,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	1,573,885	1,527,265	34,020	6,160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	318,280	308,215	8,430	470
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	124,595	120,060	3,605	250
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	193,690	188,155	4,825	215
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	530,095	516,115	11,205	1,085
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	122,465	118,340	2,580	605
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	603,040	584,590	11,805	4,000
Bachelor's degree	418,175	406,795	7,615	1,990
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45,355	43,610	1,005	440
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,815	15,285	255	165
Master's degree	102,315	98,695	2,225	1,045
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	21,370	20,210	700	360
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	1,573,885	1,527,260	34,020	6,155
Education	120,550	116,060	3,655	275
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45,060	43,870	955	65
Humanities	64,505	61,945	1,520	565
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130,730	126,580	2,725	800
Business, management and public administration	323,075	314,335	6,470	1,190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	62,860	60,835	1,195	370
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	53,885	52,380	990	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	421,240	408,400	9,735	1,565
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40,875	40,005	565	135
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	229,150	223,735	4,015	605
Personal, protective and transportation services	81,865	79,040	2,190	280
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	80	65	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	1,573,885	1,527,260	34,025	6,160
Inside Canada	1,309,620	1,275,625	30,715	2,470
Newfoundland and Labrador	16,065	16,030	30	0
Prince Edward Island	2,560	2,535	20	0
Nova Scotia	20,535	20,090	420	0
New Brunswick	10,675	9,475	1,190	0
Quebec	20,975	12,790	7,635	545
Ontario	94,525	90,600	3,650	220
Manitoba	30,180	29,445	690	25
Saskatchewan	58,785	57,970	780	25
Alberta	991,315	973,535	15,570	1,545
British Columbia	62,860	62,060	660	90
Yukon	415	415	0	0
Northwest Territories	690	635	60	0
Nunavut	45	45	0	0
Outside Canada	264,260	251,640	3,305	3,685
Total population in private households by visible minority	3,567,975	3,452,540	62,455	11,620
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	656,325	606,715	6,440	7,420
South Asian^Footnote 83	156,665	146,170	290	1,270
Chinese	133,395	116,415	270	840
Black	74,435	68,360	4,100	1,115
Filipino	106,030	105,205	125	120
Latin American	41,305	37,140	285	1,830
Arab	34,925	31,585	800	1,175
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	41,020	37,375	255	360
West Asian^Footnote 85	16,030	14,655	75	435
Korean	15,000	13,865	30	90
Japanese	12,420	12,110	40	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	6,270	6,020	80	65
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	18,840	17,820	95	110
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	2,911,650	2,845,820	56,015	4,205
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	3,567,980	3,452,535	62,455	11,620
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	1,726,845	1,645,305	35,215	9,160
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	1,841,130	1,807,230	27,240	2,465
Canadian - Total responses	776,695	750,890	24,080	440
Canadian - Single responses	343,490	333,515	9,345	135
Canadian - Multiple responses	433,210	417,380	14,740	305
English- Total responses	886,765	882,595	3,860	155
English - Single responses	145,615	145,535	60	0
English - Multiple responses	741,145	737,065	3,800	145
French - Total responses	396,110	353,530	41,830	560
French - Single responses	42,420	24,230	18,105	80
French - Multiple responses	353,695	329,300	23,730	480
Scottish - Total responses	670,950	668,310	2,485	90
Scottish - Single responses	61,645	61,550	95	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	609,305	606,755	2,395	90
Irish - Total responses	565,120	561,065	3,835	155
Irish - Single responses	45,565	45,375	185	0
Irish - Multiple responses	519,555	515,690	3,650	150
German - Total responses	683,830	680,060	2,150	455
German - Single responses	132,775	131,820	80	145
German - Multiple responses	551,055	548,250	2,075	315
Italian - Total responses	88,710	86,845	1,200	250
Italian - Single responses	22,980	22,450	160	105
Italian - Multiple responses	65,730	64,400	1,040	145
Chinese - Total responses	155,965	138,125	340	855
Chinese - Single responses	119,435	103,000	210	730
Chinese - Multiple responses	36,530	35,125	135	125
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	177,140	174,690	2,225	55
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	73,780	73,450	170	25
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	103,360	101,240	2,055	30
Ukrainian - Total responses	345,410	343,750	750	395
Ukrainian - Single responses	78,400	77,915	40	175
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	267,010	265,835	705	225
East Indian - Total responses	125,105	116,715	360	945
East Indian - Single responses	103,280	95,840	225	775
East Indian - Multiple responses	21,825	20,875	135	170
Dutch - Total responses	182,265	181,540	320	230
Dutch - Single responses	51,345	51,110	40	135
Dutch - Multiple responses	130,920	130,430	275	90
Polish- Total responses	174,380	172,685	715	355
Polish - Single responses	28,895	28,045	175	220
Polish - Multiple responses	145,485	144,645	540	130
Filipino - Total responses	113,205	112,315	135	135
Filipino - Single responses	89,280	88,555	75	85
Filipino - Multiple responses	23,930	23,755	60	55
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	79,300	78,925	350	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	15,440	15,430	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	63,855	63,495	340	0
Russian- Total responses	99,780	98,295	165	465
Russian - Single responses	12,830	12,220	35	190
Russian - Multiple responses	86,950	86,070	125	280
Welsh - Total responses	75,870	75,670	200	0
Welsh - Single responses	4,075	4,075	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	71,795	71,590	200	0
Norwegian - Total responses	152,645	152,460	150	0
Norwegian - Single responses	14,720	14,715	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	137,920	137,750	155	0
Métis - Total responses	94,620	92,095	2,470	50
Métis - Single responses	15,775	15,485	285	0
Métis - Multiple responses	78,840	76,605	2,190	45
Portuguese - Total responses	18,770	18,170	185	145
Portuguese - Single responses	7,470	7,095	40	90
Portuguese - Multiple responses	11,300	11,070	145	55
American - Total responses	71,435	70,705	700	25
American - Single responses	6,335	6,310	25	0
American - Multiple responses	65,100	64,390	670	25
Spanish - Total responses	39,320	37,550	470	830
Spanish - Single responses	7,165	6,655	25	285
Spanish - Multiple responses	32,155	30,890	445	545
Swedish - Total responses	96,890	96,725	125	15
Swedish - Single responses	6,800	6,795	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	90,090	89,925	120	15
Hungarian - Total responses	52,025	51,630	130	160
Hungarian - Single responses	10,795	10,650	15	65
Hungarian - Multiple responses	41,230	40,985	110	100
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	2,888,740	2,791,505	56,670	9,210
Without income	138,000	133,325	1,675	880
With income	2,750,740	2,658,185	54,990	8,325
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	265,855	256,640	3,905	1,130
$5,000 to $9,999	171,645	165,635	2,745	860
$10,000 to $14,999	206,060	197,115	3,545	845
$15,000 to $19,999	202,130	189,860	4,125	720
$20,000 to $29,999	340,195	328,050	6,475	900
$30,000 to $39,999	293,435	284,345	5,510	950
$40,000 to $49,999	268,335	260,640	5,670	645
$50,000 to $59,999	219,080	213,360	4,560	535
$60,000 to $79,999	303,265	294,790	7,195	660
$80,000 to $99,999	196,525	190,970	4,850	430
$100,000 and over	284,220	276,780	6,405	655
$100,000 to $124,999	122,465	119,200	2,835	260
$125,000 and over	161,750	157,580	3,575	395
Median income $^Footnote 97	36,306	36,609	41,825	26,079
Average income $^Footnote 98	50,956	51,213	55,642	40,275
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	2,888,740	2,791,510	56,670	9,210
Without after-tax income	138,400	133,695	1,690	885
With after-tax income	2,750,335	2,657,815	54,980	8,325
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	270,365	260,960	4,065	1,125
$5,000 to $9,999	174,385	168,335	2,725	875
$10,000 to $14,999	211,590	202,500	3,660	870
$15,000 to $19,999	218,045	205,230	4,515	740
$20,000 to $29,999	395,910	382,160	7,500	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	366,300	355,255	7,375	975
$40,000 to $49,999	314,285	305,720	6,525	825
$50,000 to $59,999	226,580	220,455	5,105	480
$60,000 to $79,999	292,585	284,085	7,395	650
$80,000 to $99,999	129,970	126,620	2,855	300
$100,000 and over	150,330	146,495	3,260	385
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	32,847	33,081	36,916	24,560
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	41,962	42,154	45,410	34,205
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	2,888,735	2,791,505	56,670	9,210
With employment income	2,183,910	2,123,265	43,025	6,660
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	39,100	39,138	46,067	30,036
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	52,159	52,193	58,107	42,621
With wages and salaries	2,039,635	1,983,350	39,835	6,265
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	40,692	40,738	48,364	31,401
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	53,736	53,777	59,718	43,082
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	2,115,640	2,056,820	41,495	6,535
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	1,151,225	1,120,415	23,110	3,000
All others^Footnote 109	964,415	936,400	18,385	3,530

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.