Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
0 to 4 years	220,260	204,915	1,150	380
5 to 9 years	218,215	214,420	1,155	905
10 to 14 years	239,135	234,745	1,125	2,405
15 to 19 years	273,150	268,285	1,340	2,570
20 to 24 years	276,575	272,040	1,755	1,190
25 to 29 years	284,885	278,065	3,345	950
30 to 34 years	273,365	265,005	3,705	1,225
35 to 39 years	278,050	268,245	3,510	1,275
40 to 44 years	310,900	297,220	3,905	1,255
45 to 49 years	347,920	330,755	4,485	900
50 to 54 years	350,575	333,450	5,085	1,015
55 to 59 years	319,330	301,715	5,255	670
60 to 64 years	286,590	269,290	4,630	455
65 to 69 years	209,095	193,280	3,980	420
70 to 74 years	157,560	142,615	2,995	465
75 to 79 years	125,105	111,480	2,255	300
80 to 84 years	88,420	78,890	1,420	165
85 years and over	65,325	58,005	1,035	90
Median age^Footnote 4	41.6	40.9	50.7	29.6
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,705	12,950
Married or living with a common-law partner	2,148,720	2,025,775	30,800	6,555
Married (and not separated)	1,829,330	1,716,155	22,800	6,025
Living common law	319,385	309,625	8,000	530
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,498,120	1,442,565	17,905	6,395
Single (never legally married)	985,820	966,025	9,530	5,290
Separated	96,370	92,040	1,275	275
Divorced	238,980	229,450	3,935	520
Widowed	176,960	155,055	3,170	310
Total population in private households by mother tongue	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Single responses	4,259,455	4,059,480	50,750	15,960
English	3,061,095	3,061,015	80	0
French	54,440	5,295	49,145	0
Non-official languages	1,143,925	993,170	1,520	15,960
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	1,035	1,020	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	755	745	0	0
Dene	55	60	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35	35	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	185	180	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	1,015,350	872,925	1,110	14,630
Arabic	12,770	10,960	120	835
Bengali	2,090	1,945	0	55
Cantonese	138,275	104,525	65	885
Chinese, n.o.s.	113,510	89,275	50	865
Creoles	710	540	55	125
Dutch	23,175	22,720	50	370
German	68,970	67,800	45	770
Greek	5,510	5,280	0	100
Gujarati	5,860	5,565	0	30
Hindi	24,960	23,550	0	160
Hungarian	9,080	8,795	0	170
Italian	23,030	22,130	135	230
Korean	47,960	41,880	0	615
Mandarin	94,350	75,700	20	1,150
Panjabi (Punjabi)	184,365	149,365	120	1,570
Persian (Farsi)	34,990	31,375	55	1,245
Polish	16,285	15,700	25	300
Portuguese	13,580	12,745	20	270
Romanian	7,580	6,330	30	870
Russian	21,645	19,885	35	640
Serbian	6,890	6,205	0	405
Spanish	39,110	35,675	120	1,960
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	74,175	73,335	20	185
Tamil	3,925	3,625	0	85
Ukrainian	8,975	8,760	0	85
Urdu	7,990	7,590	0	75
Vietnamese	25,585	21,670	60	580
Other languages^Footnote 8	127,535	119,230	410	1,325
Multiple responses	65,000	62,940	1,385	680
English and French	3,635	2,900	175	560
English and non-official language	59,220	59,185	40	0
French and non-official language	1,765	600	1,160	0
English, French and non-official language	385	260	0	120
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
English only	3,890,685	3,890,685	0	0
French only	1,760	0	1,760	0
English and French	296,075	229,185	50,315	16,585
Neither English nor French	135,940	2,555	55	55
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Single responses	4,196,850	3,997,065	50,670	15,850
English	3,502,880	3,467,255	35,620	0
French	15,260	1,205	14,060	0
Non-official languages	678,710	528,605	985	15,850
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	70	55	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	45	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	630,545	487,445	810	14,625
Arabic	7,825	5,955	160	840
Bengali	1,290	1,150	0	60
Cantonese	108,885	73,215	40	995
Chinese, n.o.s.	77,425	54,810	65	840
Creoles	445	230	95	125
Dutch	1,990	1,595	0	355
German	9,855	8,715	50	740
Greek	1,865	1,650	0	95
Gujarati	2,625	2,340	0	35
Hindi	13,630	12,230	0	150
Hungarian	2,135	1,890	0	140
Italian	5,635	4,900	0	190
Korean	38,425	32,400	0	575
Mandarin	78,675	59,350	15	1,190
Panjabi (Punjabi)	141,505	106,555	75	1,575
Persian (Farsi)	24,980	21,265	40	1,250
Polish	6,055	5,515	0	275
Portuguese	4,730	3,920	25	270
Romanian	3,630	2,400	0	865
Russian	12,160	10,305	0	675
Serbian	4,360	3,670	0	400
Spanish	20,230	16,735	115	2,005
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35,655	34,815	0	185
Tamil	2,485	2,180	0	85
Ukrainian	1,050	895	0	80
Urdu	5,295	4,885	0	70
Vietnamese	17,695	13,875	70	555
Other languages^Footnote 12	48,095	41,110	175	1,215
Multiple responses	127,610	125,355	1,460	790
English and French	2,080	610	905	565
English and non-official language	124,690	124,455	230	0
French and non-official language	405	115	290	0
English, French and non-official language	430	170	30	225
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
None	3,721,845	3,563,415	28,835	6,510
English	264,560	243,075	8,220	8,485
French	35,205	21,670	13,295	220
Non-official language	293,520	286,690	1,090	430
Aboriginal	6,885	6,870	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	286,630	279,820	1,080	435
English and French	870	95	60	720
English and non-official language	4,555	3,985	270	225
French and non-official language	3,850	3,480	365	0
English, French and non-official language	55	0	0	50
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	1,361,445	1,202,760	9,225	16,195
Aboriginal languages	15,015	14,900	35	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	60	60	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	1,505	1,470	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	250	245	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	1,920	1,915	0	0
Dene	115	115	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	10	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	100	95	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	125	120	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	11,175	11,110	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,346,770	1,188,185	9,200	16,165
Italian	35,885	33,795	965	565
Portuguese	18,435	17,330	235	315
Romanian	8,630	7,280	60	940
Spanish	97,200	88,820	4,165	2,685
Dutch	27,480	26,885	210	350
Flemish	560	490	50	15
German	96,725	93,670	1,440	1,205
Yiddish	540	510	10	0
Danish	6,615	6,560	25	0
Norwegian	2,900	2,875	0	0
Swedish	4,295	4,250	0	30
Afrikaans	7,640	7,540	30	55
Gaelic languages	1,190	1,190	0	0
Bosnian	1,315	1,255	0	10
Bulgarian	2,050	1,795	0	180
Croatian	9,185	8,810	40	105
Czech	6,000	5,900	0	50
Macedonian	350	300	0	0
Polish	18,585	17,895	90	345
Russian	29,635	27,480	140	775
Serbian	8,260	7,530	35	395
Serbo-Croatian	1,495	1,395	0	30
Slovak	3,325	3,245	0	40
Slovenian	1,265	1,270	0	0
Ukrainian	11,415	11,025	30	175
Latvian	585	585	0	0
Lithuanian	375	365	0	0
Greek	8,070	7,800	35	105
Armenian	1,245	1,140	0	65
Albanian	1,375	1,255	0	0
Estonian	815	770	0	0
Finnish	3,750	3,690	0	30
Hungarian	10,040	9,705	35	190
Turkish	4,935	4,600	40	100
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	260	230	25	0
Somali	775	745	0	0
Amharic	1,570	1,480	0	0
Arabic	17,475	14,795	810	915
Hebrew	4,505	4,245	115	120
Maltese	215	215	0	0
Tigrigna	845	790	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	720	555	0	0
Bengali	2,545	2,395	0	60
Gujarati	9,330	8,965	40	45
Hindi	66,870	62,820	75	535
Konkani	345	340	0	0
Marathi	720	715	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	213,310	178,080	120	1,635
Sindhi	2,470	2,385	20	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,225	2,215	0	0
Urdu	13,375	12,815	25	105
Nepali	1,105	1,035	20	0
Kurdish	1,510	1,345	0	0
Pashto	1,270	1,095	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	39,710	35,765	125	1,335
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,005	890	0	0
Kannada	400	390	0	0
Malayalam	2,145	2,090	0	30
Tamil	5,345	5,010	0	90
Telugu	855	835	0	0
Japanese	33,455	31,610	215	225
Korean	51,140	45,060	20	585
Cantonese	169,005	132,210	150	995
Fukien	2,565	2,320	0	0
Hakka	1,135	940	25	25
Mandarin	144,605	117,405	175	1,585
Taiwanese	8,940	7,210	0	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	114,225	91,690	125	910
Lao	1,595	1,510	0	15
Thai	3,625	3,510	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,425	1,235	25	15
Vietnamese	30,815	26,190	145	605
Bisayan languages	4,680	4,620	0	0
Ilocano	4,320	4,220	0	0
Malay	6,760	6,655	10	20
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	99,895	98,880	40	195
Akan (Twi)	525	525	0	0
Lingala	355	115	225	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	30	30	45
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	120	75	30	0
Swahili	3,245	2,970	135	80
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	1,070	1,015	40	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,445	1,350	25	0
African languages, n.i.e.	1,010	985	0	0
Creoles	1,520	1,045	355	120
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	20,175	18,130	225	140
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	4,282,100	4,084,275	51,905	16,460
Non-movers	3,665,455	3,500,970	42,835	13,505
Movers	616,645	583,300	9,065	2,960
Non-migrants	347,835	331,525	4,705	1,450
Migrants	268,810	251,775	4,360	1,505
Internal migrants	212,385	205,275	3,460	745
Intraprovincial migrants	167,280	162,325	1,945	560
Interprovincial migrants	45,105	42,950	1,505	185
External migrants	56,425	46,500	905	765
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	4,104,195	3,917,505	50,985	16,265
Non-movers	2,349,525	2,249,340	26,975	7,935
Movers	1,754,670	1,668,165	24,005	8,325
Non-migrants	888,335	851,395	10,060	3,220
Migrants	866,335	816,775	13,945	5,105
Internal migrants	653,285	632,340	11,375	2,465
Intraprovincial migrants	486,835	474,075	5,295	1,610
Interprovincial migrants	166,450	158,265	6,080	865
External migrants	213,050	184,440	2,570	2,640
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Canadian citizens	3,975,535	3,826,000	49,130	12,865
Canadian citizens only	3,834,845	3,696,630	46,110	10,330
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	140,685	129,370	3,020	2,535
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	348,925	296,420	3,000	3,775
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	4,324,460	4,122,425	52,135	16,640
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	3,067,585	3,007,615	41,595	4,445
Born in province of residence	2,106,255	2,084,100	5,195	3,590
Born outside province of residence	961,335	923,515	36,395	855
Immigrants^Footnote 23	1,191,875	1,054,925	9,630	11,595
Americas	105,195	101,855	740	1,640
United States	57,980	57,535	250	115
Jamaica	2,870	2,865	0	0
Guyana	1,315	1,295	20	0
Haiti	545	310	215	0
Mexico	8,775	8,170	40	395
Trinidad and Tobago	2,800	2,800	0	0
Colombia	3,310	2,935	30	235
El Salvador	5,630	5,080	50	265
Peru	2,925	2,700	20	125
Chile	2,635	2,485	0	85
Other places of birth in Americas	16,405	15,690	90	400
Europe	322,795	309,970	6,000	3,765
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	130,730	130,550	125	50
Italy	15,980	15,170	80	200
Germany	35,100	34,575	110	295
Poland	14,625	14,275	25	155
Portugal	8,135	7,465	35	155
Netherlands	20,640	20,315	50	255
France	5,335	985	4,270	65
Romania	8,005	6,915	60	815
Russian Federation	8,800	8,070	35	295
Greece	3,350	3,205	0	15
Ukraine	7,060	6,575	15	210
Croatia	5,645	5,490	0	25
Hungary	5,955	5,815	40	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,215	3,950	0	90
Serbia	4,635	4,240	0	265
Ireland, Republic of	5,175	5,160	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	39,405	37,220	1,145	795
Africa	37,270	34,130	1,950	880
Morocco	910	425	300	160
Algeria	485	80	275	135
Egypt	1,770	1,540	115	110
South Africa, Republic of	12,810	12,735	30	40
Nigeria	1,230	1,210	0	0
Ethiopia	1,645	1,605	20	0
Kenya	4,520	4,410	40	25
Other places of birth in Africa	13,900	12,130	1,170	395
Asia	696,700	579,955	870	5,275
India	143,345	114,410	55	405
China^Footnote 25	167,535	112,110	90	1,120
Philippines	96,560	95,595	35	190
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	74,635	67,625	50	425
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	25,840	20,710	135	340
Pakistan	8,565	7,670	0	40
Sri Lanka	4,435	4,260	0	50
Iran^Footnote 27	30,050	27,330	85	1,030
Korea, South^Footnote 28	37,725	33,150	0	470
Lebanon	1,740	1,380	180	115
Taiwan	42,040	36,125	0	440
Iraq	3,430	3,015	0	15
Bangladesh	1,580	1,515	0	35
Afghanistan	3,525	3,080	0	70
Japan	12,355	11,640	0	65
Turkey	2,105	1,960	50	35
Other places of birth in Asia	41,235	38,380	145	425
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	29,915	29,015	75	35
Fiji	17,560	16,740	0	25
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	12,355	12,275	60	15
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	64,995	59,890	905	600
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	185,115	154,220	1,540	2,515
Americas	17,200	16,360	140	320
United States	8,680	8,585	20	0
Mexico	2,715	2,490	0	120
Cuba	285	255	0	0
Haiti	125	75	45	0
Jamaica	345	345	0	0
Brazil	995	925	0	25
Colombia	1,000	870	15	50
Guyana	75	55	20	0
Peru	680	615	0	30
Venezuela^Footnote 33	230	200	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,085	1,935	15	50
Europe	22,890	20,390	830	940
France	780	45	715	0
Germany	2,020	1,925	0	80
Poland	585	545	0	0
Romania	1,570	1,080	0	305
Moldova^Footnote 34	335	270	0	55
Russian Federation	2,450	2,120	0	100
Ukraine	1,005	860	0	30
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	8,960	8,945	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	5,185	4,595	65	345
Africa	6,180	5,235	435	400
Nigeria	620	615	0	0
Ethiopia	425	405	0	0
Mauritius	220	50	110	60
Somalia	150	130	0	0
Algeria	140	25	35	80
Egypt	400	335	0	50
Morocco	265	115	70	65
Tunisia	80	0	30	55
Cameroon	30	25	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	145	50	65	30
South Africa, Republic of	1,590	1,575	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,125	1,910	110	40
Asia	135,650	109,135	130	860
Philippines	27,790	27,430	0	90
China^Footnote 36	38,595	24,195	35	150
India	25,835	19,505	0	100
Pakistan	1,795	1,640	0	0
Iran^Footnote 37	6,690	5,900	0	140
South Korea^Footnote 38	10,110	8,710	0	140
Sri Lanka	1,125	1,080	0	0
Iraq	1,375	1,090	0	0
Bangladesh	420	390	0	0
Lebanon	350	275	0	25
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	1,705	1,315	25	0
Taiwan	5,695	4,900	0	60
Afghanistan	800	655	0	0
Japan	2,630	2,470	0	0
Turkey	865	815	0	0
Israel	465	425	0	0
Nepal	520	510	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,730	1,470	0	0
United Arab Emirates	260	245	0	0
Saudi Arabia	380	345	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	190	170	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	6,335	5,590	0	60
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	3,200	3,105	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	3,067,590	3,007,610	41,595	4,445
Immigrants^Footnote 44	1,191,875	1,054,920	9,635	11,595
Before 1971	223,220	214,595	2,395	605
1971 to 1980	161,335	149,275	1,265	760
1981 to 1990	156,450	137,060	1,285	1,610
1991 to 2000	305,655	260,490	1,900	3,645
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	345,220	293,505	2,790	4,980
2001 to 2005	160,105	139,280	1,245	2,465
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	185,115	154,220	1,540	2,510
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	64,995	59,885	900	600
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,135	16,645
First generation^Footnote 49	1,272,685	1,130,065	10,855	12,230
Second generation^Footnote 50	1,013,335	990,470	5,800	4,050
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	2,038,435	2,001,890	35,475	365
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	232,290	229,575	2,520	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	155,020	154,420	485	20
Métis single identity	69,475	67,500	1,925	40
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	1,575	1,535	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	2,480	2,435	50	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	3,745	3,690	45	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,092,170	3,892,850	49,610	16,570
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,645
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	121,225	120,770	325	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,203,235	4,001,650	51,805	16,610
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,705	12,955
In the labour force	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,160
Employed	2,171,470	2,101,770	28,780	7,300
Unemployed	182,775	174,270	2,140	855
Not in the labour force	1,292,595	1,192,310	17,790	4,795
Participation rate	64.6	65.6	63.5	63.0
Employment rate	59.5	60.6	59.1	56.3
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.7	6.9	10.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,925	8,155
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	48,930	46,570	490	365
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	2,305,315	2,229,465	30,430	7,790
Employee	1,996,990	1,932,410	25,790	6,630
Self-employed	308,330	297,055	4,640	1,155
Self-employed (incorporated)	109,280	105,480	1,535	405
Without paid help	43,010	41,560	655	95
With paid help	66,275	63,910	885	310
Self-employed (unincorporated)	192,500	185,335	3,065	725
Without paid help	137,665	133,045	2,280	530
With paid help	54,830	52,290	790	190
Unpaid family worker	6,545	6,240	35	25
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,155
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	48,930	46,570	495	370
All occupations^Footnote 62	2,305,315	2,229,465	30,430	7,785
0 Management occupations	263,685	255,115	3,940	930
00 Senior management occupations	24,170	23,270	435	55
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	89,910	87,380	1,455	350
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	92,520	89,380	1,270	370
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	57,085	55,080	780	160
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	368,980	360,585	4,305	1,320
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	71,705	70,060	825	305
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	119,755	116,980	1,450	465
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	31,030	30,410	355	80
14 Office support occupations	104,490	102,140	1,175	350
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	42,010	40,990	500	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	154,055	150,055	2,260	865
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	81,235	78,745	1,460	600
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	72,815	71,310	805	265
3 Health occupations	147,620	144,610	1,825	430
30 Professional occupations in nursing	40,520	39,800	455	115
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	31,705	30,935	505	195
32 Technical occupations in health	40,575	39,605	570	85
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	34,820	34,270	295	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265,910	258,090	5,105	1,110
40 Professional occupations in education services	87,365	84,255	2,195	510
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	60,835	59,435	930	210
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	51,330	49,965	745	240
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	19,975	19,190	700	45
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	46,405	45,250	530	100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	78,570	76,330	1,410	370
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	28,935	27,950	640	130
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	49,635	48,375	765	240
6 Sales and service occupations	554,350	532,470	5,960	1,940
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	43,940	43,030	465	140
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	81,405	75,605	1,055	215
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	118,625	115,425	1,115	365
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	114,850	110,810	1,615	530
66 Sales support occupations	69,610	67,505	460	225
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	125,925	120,090	1,250	460
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	337,140	327,125	4,215	630
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	128,115	123,970	1,995	255
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	63,250	61,915	760	95
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	35,915	34,615	330	95
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	83,390	81,160	795	105
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	26,470	25,465	335	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60,290	55,845	720	85
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	16,495	16,065	245	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	18,510	16,525	190	40
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	25,285	23,250	285	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	74,720	69,235	695	115
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	12,745	12,410	215	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	27,415	24,980	255	55
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	13,280	12,605	80	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	21,280	19,245	135	50
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,155
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	48,930	46,570	490	365
All industries^Footnote 65	2,305,315	2,229,465	30,435	7,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	61,215	56,520	675	150
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25,450	25,000	365	25
22 Utilities	13,215	12,945	135	85
23 Construction	181,515	175,625	2,490	420
31-33 Manufacturing	148,810	141,115	1,750	355
41 Wholesale trade	90,560	87,035	1,055	210
44-45 Retail trade	266,265	259,070	2,365	820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	118,670	115,220	1,630	275
51 Information and cultural industries	62,230	60,540	1,030	280
52 Finance and insurance	91,790	89,925	860	340
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	54,840	53,425	520	200
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	179,350	174,485	2,530	1,110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,440	2,315	35	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	98,890	94,765	1,425	425
61 Educational services	167,870	162,685	3,425	815
62 Health care and social assistance	249,030	243,770	3,060	745
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	56,920	55,710	755	130
72 Accommodation and food services	179,625	169,995	2,125	705
81 Other services (except public administration)	112,745	109,190	1,260	330
91 Public administration	143,875	140,135	2,935	380
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	2,171,470	2,101,765	28,785	7,300
Usual place of work	1,680,525	1,629,460	21,780	5,585
Work in CSD of residence	824,245	797,985	10,895	2,410
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	769,295	746,810	9,750	2,975
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	74,815	72,875	910	115
Work in a different province	12,165	11,785	225	85
Worked at home	174,005	168,400	2,650	715
Worked outside Canada	12,480	10,725	120	130
No fixed workplace address	304,465	293,180	4,230	875
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	1,984,985	1,922,640	26,010	6,460
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,415,740	1,376,830	17,680	3,615
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110,695	105,110	875	340
Public transit	250,455	239,690	3,510	1,770
Walked	132,200	127,700	2,330	465
Bicycle	42,260	40,855	1,045	175
Other methods	33,635	32,455	575	105
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	2,529,755	2,443,605	33,305	8,750
English	2,416,845	2,371,035	29,435	7,550
French	5,390	2,465	2,665	260
Non-official language	76,915	43,455	60	385
Aboriginal	185	180	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	76,735	43,275	55	385
English and French	3,060	1,770	1,075	210
English and non-official language	27,100	24,630	35	230
French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	390	235	45	110
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	2,529,750	2,443,605	33,310	8,750
None	2,386,455	2,318,595	23,940	6,765
English	28,870	23,050	1,835	340
French	21,425	13,835	7,130	455
Non-official language	89,720	85,340	210	980
Aboriginal	1,525	1,520	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	88,190	83,820	210	975
English and French	25	25	0	0
English and non-official language	810	680	10	35
French and non-official language	2,415	2,080	160	165
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	607,655	539,540	7,165	2,050
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	1,009,400	967,575	9,800	2,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	2,029,785	1,961,235	31,740	8,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	387,455	376,610	6,540	645
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	194,475	188,460	3,520	340
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	192,985	188,150	3,015	310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	628,115	610,000	9,710	1,375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	208,245	199,310	2,815	775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	805,965	775,310	12,680	5,635
Bachelor's degree	511,245	493,220	6,830	2,860
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80,405	76,955	1,485	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,755	22,775	355	185
Master's degree	159,005	152,430	3,195	1,500
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	31,560	29,925	815	525
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	2,029,785	1,961,230	31,740	8,430
Education	149,980	144,710	2,795	430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	89,235	86,315	1,460	355
Humanities	120,340	114,965	2,010	820
Social and behavioural sciences and law	209,655	202,310	3,255	1,250
Business, management and public administration	412,335	398,295	6,265	1,755
Physical and life sciences and technologies	79,975	76,800	1,415	640
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	72,705	70,185	945	405
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	421,115	407,045	6,355	1,515
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	49,275	47,795	740	175
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	308,885	300,290	4,345	880
Personal, protective and transportation services	116,020	112,270	2,150	225
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	270	255	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	2,029,785	1,961,230	31,735	8,435
Inside Canada	1,570,340	1,537,465	26,715	3,345
Newfoundland and Labrador	4,845	4,785	40	0
Prince Edward Island	1,135	1,080	40	0
Nova Scotia	14,270	14,020	230	15
New Brunswick	5,970	5,330	630	0
Quebec	29,245	20,840	7,915	440
Ontario	130,460	126,400	3,590	245
Manitoba	33,215	32,320	795	20
Saskatchewan	34,005	33,420	535	20
Alberta	110,445	108,655	1,550	150
British Columbia	1,205,290	1,189,240	11,310	2,435
Yukon	1,055	1,040	0	0
Northwest Territories	305	260	0	0
Nunavut	105	80	0	0
Outside Canada	459,445	423,765	5,030	5,090
Total population in private households by visible minority	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	1,180,870	1,038,380	4,030	10,555
South Asian^Footnote 83	313,440	275,120	600	2,105
Chinese	438,145	359,325	575	3,035
Black	33,260	31,600	1,215	220
Filipino	126,035	125,040	65	185
Latin American	35,465	32,680	270	1,385
Arab	14,090	12,055	475	775
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	51,970	46,975	285	665
West Asian^Footnote 85	38,960	35,100	115	1,215
Korean	53,770	47,740	20	610
Japanese	38,115	36,710	125	140
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	6,460	6,205	125	55
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	31,160	29,840	160	175
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	3,143,590	3,084,040	48,100	6,085
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	2,264,155	2,095,740	27,780	13,285
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	2,060,300	2,026,685	24,345	3,355
Canadian - Total responses	826,340	806,830	16,950	505
Canadian - Single responses	314,640	308,265	5,500	120
Canadian - Multiple responses	511,695	498,570	11,450	385
English- Total responses	1,199,955	1,196,260	3,140	285
English - Single responses	231,785	231,570	175	0
English - Multiple responses	968,170	964,690	2,960	280
French - Total responses	369,100	331,615	36,585	735
French - Single responses	35,215	19,220	15,970	25
French - Multiple responses	333,890	312,400	20,610	710
Scottish - Total responses	833,290	830,690	2,360	125
Scottish - Single responses	83,935	83,810	105	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	749,350	746,880	2,255	125
Irish - Total responses	643,465	638,935	4,290	135
Irish - Single responses	48,380	48,245	135	0
Irish - Multiple responses	595,085	590,695	4,160	125
German - Total responses	567,665	564,475	1,825	780
German - Single responses	102,350	101,615	120	325
German - Multiple responses	465,315	462,855	1,705	455
Italian - Total responses	150,660	147,340	2,140	555
Italian - Single responses	44,310	43,190	325	225
Italian - Multiple responses	106,350	104,150	1,810	330
Chinese - Total responses	464,800	386,700	705	3,130
Chinese - Single responses	395,945	320,435	400	2,800
Chinese - Multiple responses	68,855	66,260	300	325
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	202,535	200,135	2,225	80
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	76,260	75,995	190	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	126,275	124,140	2,035	75
Ukrainian - Total responses	203,580	202,210	435	450
Ukrainian - Single responses	33,985	33,655	55	105
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	169,600	168,555	375	350
East Indian - Total responses	274,065	240,205	615	1,775
East Indian - Single responses	233,910	202,415	360	1,490
East Indian - Multiple responses	40,155	37,790	260	285
Dutch - Total responses	204,700	203,655	565	340
Dutch - Single responses	54,100	53,795	45	220
Dutch - Multiple responses	150,595	149,860	520	120
Polish- Total responses	133,505	131,935	665	490
Polish - Single responses	23,345	22,760	70	280
Polish - Multiple responses	110,160	109,180	590	210
Filipino - Total responses	135,995	134,855	110	205
Filipino - Single responses	98,585	97,705	35	135
Filipino - Multiple responses	37,405	37,150	75	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	107,925	107,480	360	55
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	25,495	25,490	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	82,430	81,995	350	55
Russian- Total responses	120,835	119,110	260	625
Russian - Single responses	21,235	20,605	15	245
Russian - Multiple responses	99,605	98,505	240	380
Welsh - Total responses	107,780	107,565	185	0
Welsh - Single responses	6,525	6,510	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	101,260	101,055	175	0
Norwegian - Total responses	134,425	134,180	175	55
Norwegian - Single responses	13,540	13,530	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	120,885	120,650	170	50
Métis - Total responses	70,195	68,050	2,090	35
Métis - Single responses	7,585	7,355	225	0
Métis - Multiple responses	62,615	60,695	1,870	30
Portuguese - Total responses	36,550	35,485	245	260
Portuguese - Single responses	15,430	14,670	95	185
Portuguese - Multiple responses	21,115	20,810	150	75
American - Total responses	77,955	77,445	450	35
American - Single responses	6,320	6,275	45	0
American - Multiple responses	71,630	71,175	405	35
Spanish - Total responses	60,175	57,715	1,010	895
Spanish - Single responses	7,730	7,115	130	275
Spanish - Multiple responses	52,445	50,600	880	620
Swedish - Total responses	106,085	105,940	95	35
Swedish - Single responses	8,605	8,595	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	97,485	97,340	90	30
Hungarian - Total responses	51,030	50,490	215	210
Hungarian - Single responses	11,625	11,395	45	95
Hungarian - Multiple responses	39,405	39,095	170	115
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
Without income	182,580	173,185	1,325	1,780
With income	3,464,260	3,295,155	47,380	11,175
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	401,210	377,330	3,335	2,125
$5,000 to $9,999	244,705	230,430	2,675	1,145
$10,000 to $14,999	333,320	301,935	4,150	1,095
$15,000 to $19,999	332,735	304,350	5,205	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	470,255	446,965	6,340	1,345
$30,000 to $39,999	404,855	390,410	5,890	1,265
$40,000 to $49,999	338,595	328,655	4,780	895
$50,000 to $59,999	253,210	246,685	3,655	510
$60,000 to $79,999	330,595	322,545	5,270	740
$80,000 to $99,999	169,190	165,155	2,830	420
$100,000 and over	185,580	180,705	3,250	615
$100,000 to $124,999	89,520	87,175	1,595	305
$125,000 and over	96,060	93,535	1,660	305
Median income $^Footnote 97	28,765	29,649	33,312	21,073
Average income $^Footnote 98	39,415	40,033	44,495	34,204
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	3,646,840	3,468,345	48,705	12,950
Without after-tax income	183,005	173,520	1,370	1,770
With after-tax income	3,463,835	3,294,830	47,340	11,175
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	408,880	384,645	3,490	2,150
$5,000 to $9,999	248,910	234,535	2,705	1,140
$10,000 to $14,999	340,505	308,725	4,225	1,130
$15,000 to $19,999	352,160	323,100	5,360	1,055
$20,000 to $29,999	539,910	514,585	7,440	1,595
$30,000 to $39,999	474,000	458,110	7,005	1,345
$40,000 to $49,999	367,825	357,795	5,050	910
$50,000 to $59,999	253,315	246,875	4,020	570
$60,000 to $79,999	285,610	278,690	4,715	675
$80,000 to $99,999	101,390	98,850	1,740	325
$100,000 and over	91,325	88,910	1,575	290
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	26,842	27,512	30,665	20,527
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	33,758	34,242	37,643	29,839
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
With employment income	2,514,725	2,430,190	33,725	8,185
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	30,085	30,439	35,238	24,183
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	40,005	40,232	44,093	37,015
With wages and salaries	2,301,390	2,224,995	30,410	7,540
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	31,955	32,232	36,796	25,776
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	40,962	41,189	45,308	37,513
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,160
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	1,153,410	1,120,130	15,415	3,555
All others^Footnote 109	1,200,830	1,155,905	15,505	4,605

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.