Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Newfoundland and Labrador / Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 31.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	507,270	497,505	1,810	190
0 to 4 years	24,360	23,800	65	0
5 to 9 years	24,980	24,530	30	0
10 to 14 years	26,880	26,375	25	0
15 to 19 years	29,555	29,000	50	15
20 to 24 years	29,895	29,065	70	30
25 to 29 years	28,015	26,900	150	0
30 to 34 years	29,005	28,280	65	10
35 to 39 years	33,620	32,910	115	0
40 to 44 years	38,160	37,445	125	30
45 to 49 years	42,275	41,460	180	0
50 to 54 years	42,950	42,350	180	0
55 to 59 years	42,350	41,800	160	0
60 to 64 years	38,870	38,385	170	0
65 to 69 years	28,175	27,715	155	25
70 to 74 years	19,860	19,560	60	0
75 to 79 years	13,890	13,685	100	0
80 to 84 years	8,850	8,740	70	0
85 years and over	5,580	5,495	40	0
Median age^Footnote 3	43.6	43.7	50.6	40.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	431,050	422,785	1,690	160
Married or living with a common-law partner	272,715	267,570	1,140	75
Married (and not separated)	231,370	227,345	890	75
Living common law	41,340	40,220	255	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	158,335	155,220	545	85
Single (never legally married)	104,905	102,595	270	75
Separated	8,450	8,280	60	0
Divorced	19,620	19,305	105	0
Widowed	25,360	25,040	110	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	507,270	497,505	1,810	190
English	504,935	497,500	200	145
French	1,655	0	1,605	0
English and French	155	0	0	40
Neither English nor French	525	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	507,270	497,505	1,810	190
English only	483,695	476,695	200	15
French only	90	0	75	0
English and French	22,880	20,720	1,530	170
Neither English nor French	605	80	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	507,270	497,505	1,805	190
Single responses	506,400	497,180	1,750	150
English	501,200	496,920	1,195	145
French	615	50	540	0
Non-official languages	4,585	205	20	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	1,975	20	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	1,825	20	0	0
Inuktitut	150	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	1,670	35	0	0
Arabic	255	0	0	0
Bengali	215	0	0	0
Cantonese	175	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	325	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	40	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	0	0	0
Polish	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	70	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	0	0	0
Tamil	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	935	160	15	0
Multiple responses	870	320	60	40
English and French	160	90	35	35
English and non-official language	665	235	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	10	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	507,270	497,505	1,805	190
None	500,575	494,905	1,020	165
English	1,885	80	330	0
French	2,195	1,705	430	20
Non-official language	2,475	790	15	0
Aboriginal	455	90	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,015	695	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	11,475	3,870	105	10
Aboriginal languages	3,060	445	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	2,110	115	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	880	280	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	60	50	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,435	3,420	105	0
Italian	210	140	15	0
Portuguese	160	80	0	0
Romanian	45	0	0	0
Spanish	1,345	995	40	0
Dutch	80	15	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	1,115	755	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	95	30	0	0
Norwegian	55	30	0	0
Swedish	30	10	0	0
Afrikaans	120	35	0	0
Gaelic languages	95	95	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	0	0	0
Russian	380	215	0	0
Serbian	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0
Hungarian	55	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	50	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	55	0	0	0
Arabic	445	80	20	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	325	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	0	0	0
Hindi	375	65	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	35	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	115	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	0	0	0
Urdu	290	75	0	0
Nepali	205	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	0	0	0
Tamil	140	0	0	0
Telugu	85	20	0	0
Japanese	85	60	0	0
Korean	110	45	0	0
Cantonese	300	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	270	25	0	0
Taiwanese	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	600	50	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	105	90	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	25	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	20	0	0	0
Swahili	105	40	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	80	75	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	60	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	130	35	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	810	550	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	502,435	492,805	1,790	185
Non-movers	454,225	446,680	1,545	150
Movers	48,210	46,125	240	30
Non-migrants	24,900	23,815	105	0
Migrants	23,315	22,315	135	20
Internal migrants	22,210	21,645	125	20
Intraprovincial migrants	15,235	14,950	50	15
Interprovincial migrants	6,975	6,695	75	0
External migrants	1,105	665	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	482,905	473,705	1,745	185
Non-movers	342,965	338,390	1,130	100
Movers	139,940	135,310	615	85
Non-migrants	65,445	63,880	185	25
Migrants	74,505	71,430	425	55
Internal migrants	70,605	69,310	390	40
Intraprovincial migrants	41,845	41,390	115	20
Interprovincial migrants	28,760	27,920	275	20
External migrants	3,900	2,115	40	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	507,270	497,505	1,810	190
Canadian citizens	502,750	495,405	1,770	190
Canadian citizens only	500,755	493,820	1,740	190
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,995	1,585	35	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	4,520	2,100	35	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	507,265	497,500	1,805	185
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	496,400	491,210	1,665	185
Born in province of residence	460,660	456,805	765	115
Born outside province of residence	35,740	34,405	895	65
Immigrants^Footnote 19	9,165	5,515	125	0
Americas	1,935	1,735	10	0
United States	1,580	1,550	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0
Guyana	35	35	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	25	0	0
Colombia	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	170	90	10	0
Europe	3,845	2,905	70	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	2,495	2,470	0	0
Italy	25	0	0	0
Germany	320	145	0	0
Poland	65	0	0	0
Portugal	80	0	0	0
Netherlands	70	25	0	0
France	75	0	55	0
Romania	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	0	0	0
Greece	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	0	0
Hungary	35	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	180	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	315	30	0	0
Africa	760	310	50	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	20	0	10	0
Egypt	70	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	165	130	0	0
Nigeria	110	75	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	325	100	25	0
Asia	2,510	450	0	0
India	380	115	0	0
China^Footnote 21	515	75	0	0
Philippines	155	30	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	85	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	205	45	0	0
Sri Lanka	105	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	135	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	115	0	0	0
Iraq	95	0	0	0
Bangladesh	120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	0	0	0
Turkey	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	435	115	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	110	115	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	115	115	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	1,705	780	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	2,215	835	20	0
Americas	385	295	0	0
United States	250	245	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	30	0	0
Europe	305	195	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	160	160	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	20	0	0
Africa	390	180	15	0
Nigeria	40	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	15	0	10	0
Egypt	35	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	40	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	25	0	0
Asia	1,115	145	0	0
Philippines	80	0	0	0
China^Footnote 32	175	15	0	0
India	90	25	0	0
Pakistan	175	50	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	0	0	0
Iraq	60	0	0	0
Bangladesh	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	70	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	215	45	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	25	25	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	507,265	497,505	1,810	190
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	496,400	491,210	1,665	185
Immigrants^Footnote 40	9,165	5,515	125	0
Before 1971	2,185	1,750	35	0
1971 to 1980	1,515	1,235	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,095	675	30	0
1991 to 2000	1,300	525	20	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	3,060	1,330	35	0
2001 to 2005	840	500	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	2,220	835	20	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	1,705	785	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	507,270	497,505	1,805	190
First generation^Footnote 45	11,450	6,865	150	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	11,525	10,950	80	10
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	484,295	479,690	1,580	175
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	507,265	497,500	1,810	190
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	35,800	32,705	320	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	19,315	17,035	245	45
Métis single identity	7,665	7,585	55	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	6,265	5,560	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	260	260	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	2,305	2,275	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	471,470	464,795	1,485	135
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	507,270	497,505	1,810	190
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	10,295	8,275	35	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	496,975	489,230	1,775	170
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	431,045	422,790	1,690	165
In the labour force	255,890	250,830	980	60
Employed	218,625	214,280	895	50
Unemployed	37,265	36,555	85	0
Not in the labour force	175,155	171,955	705	105
Participation rate	59.4	59.3	58.0	36.4
Employment rate	50.7	50.7	53.0	30.3
Unemployment rate	14.6	14.6	8.7	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	255,890	250,835	975	60
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	5,110	4,910	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	250,785	245,920	960	60
Employee	237,385	232,900	895	60
Self-employed	13,395	13,020	70	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	5,040	4,835	35	0
Without paid help	1,370	1,255	0	0
With paid help	3,670	3,580	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	8,120	7,960	35	0
Without paid help	5,270	5,160	30	0
With paid help	2,855	2,795	0	0
Unpaid family worker	240	225	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	255,895	250,835	980	60
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	5,105	4,910	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	250,785	245,920	965	65
0 Management occupations	20,445	20,025	125	0
00 Senior management occupations	1,780	1,725	20	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	6,830	6,700	25	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	8,240	8,095	35	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	3,595	3,500	55	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	33,230	32,745	155	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,655	4,555	40	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	12,470	12,240	90	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,585	1,570	0	0
14 Office support occupations	10,495	10,380	20	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	4,025	3,995	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	16,545	15,950	90	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	6,110	5,720	55	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	10,430	10,230	35	0
3 Health occupations	18,145	17,605	45	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	6,170	6,090	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	3,215	2,895	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	5,315	5,235	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,440	3,385	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	32,920	31,815	180	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	10,550	10,080	105	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	6,365	6,180	15	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	4,235	4,030	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	2,180	2,140	35	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	9,585	9,395	25	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,195	4,070	30	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,575	1,520	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,620	2,550	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	55,760	54,850	125	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,390	3,355	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	8,015	7,840	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	10,040	9,950	20	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	11,030	10,775	50	0
66 Sales support occupations	10,665	10,560	25	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	12,620	12,365	15	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45,975	45,460	150	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	17,030	16,845	65	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	7,820	7,715	40	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	4,010	4,000	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	12,020	11,890	25	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	5,095	5,015	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	12,135	12,080	15	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	7,825	7,780	15	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,315	2,305	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,000	1,995	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	11,440	11,320	40	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,020	1,990	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	5,100	5,060	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	655	650	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,655	3,615	15	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	255,890	250,835	980	60
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	5,110	4,910	0	0
All industries^Footnote 61	250,785	245,920	960	60
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,700	9,650	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	8,515	8,290	70	0
22 Utilities	2,450	2,450	0	0
23 Construction	22,055	21,830	115	0
31-33 Manufacturing	17,515	17,330	55	0
41 Wholesale trade	6,245	6,130	40	0
44-45 Retail trade	32,000	31,675	60	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	12,165	12,040	65	0
51 Information and cultural industries	4,095	4,055	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,280	5,245	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,860	2,825	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,790	9,475	65	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	205	200	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	8,655	8,470	15	0
61 Educational services	18,095	17,430	150	0
62 Health care and social assistance	35,300	34,480	50	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,245	3,180	25	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15,640	15,260	30	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,775	11,565	20	0
91 Public administration	25,200	24,345	145	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	218,630	214,280	890	50
Usual place of work	180,490	176,765	790	45
Work in CSD of residence	98,555	95,685	435	35
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	70,565	69,880	280	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	6,845	6,745	35	0
Work in a different province	4,525	4,460	30	0
Worked at home	9,160	8,870	35	0
Worked outside Canada	1,050	1,040	0	0
No fixed workplace address	27,930	27,610	65	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	208,415	204,370	855	50
Car, truck or van - as a driver	165,340	162,695	670	30
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	18,645	18,200	85	0
Public transit	4,850	4,620	0	0
Walked	12,980	12,475	80	0
Bicycle	390	370	0	0
Other methods	6,210	6,010	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	282,030	276,385	1,075	90
English	279,670	275,330	795	45
French	925	690	205	20
Non-official language	900	85	0	0
Aboriginal	685	40	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	215	55	0	0
English and French	325	215	75	25
English and non-official language	200	60	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	282,030	276,385	1,075	95
None	278,075	273,770	685	80
English	1,080	460	140	0
French	2,220	1,905	255	0
Non-official language	640	235	0	0
Aboriginal	250	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	385	190	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	431,045	422,790	1,690	165
No certificate, diploma or degree	120,640	118,150	465	50
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	100,215	99,015	335	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	210,190	205,620	890	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	56,010	55,455	225	10
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	32,150	31,830	125	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	23,860	23,625	100	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	84,130	83,200	275	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	12,845	12,585	30	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	57,200	54,380	355	30
Bachelor's degree	37,280	36,185	150	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,950	3,795	30	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,720	1,370	0	0
Master's degree	12,370	11,595	90	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	1,880	1,430	85	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	210,195	205,620	890	70
Education	20,260	19,970	85	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,655	3,515	25	0
Humanities	6,930	6,655	110	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,420	11,120	50	0
Business, management and public administration	45,680	45,125	140	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,030	4,640	45	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	8,595	8,395	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	53,555	52,390	240	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,525	3,395	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	30,730	29,950	90	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,810	20,465	75	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	210,190	205,620	890	75
Inside Canada	204,685	201,910	795	65
Newfoundland and Labrador	179,430	177,735	365	45
Prince Edward Island	835	835	0	0
Nova Scotia	7,465	7,310	35	0
New Brunswick	1,960	1,885	50	0
Quebec	1,170	890	215	0
Ontario	9,470	9,080	105	0
Manitoba	520	495	0	0
Saskatchewan	380	370	0	0
Alberta	2,220	2,145	0	0
British Columbia	1,095	1,010	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	85	90	0	0
Nunavut	45	40	0	0
Outside Canada	5,505	3,710	90	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	507,270	497,500	1,805	185
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	6,930	3,285	50	0
South Asian^Footnote 79	1,855	885	0	0
Chinese	1,645	585	0	0
Black	1,450	1,110	30	0
Filipino	350	160	0	0
Latin American	185	35	0	0
Arab	370	65	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	315	75	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	155	0	0	0
Korean	80	0	0	0
Japanese	60	35	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	210	140	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	250	170	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	500,340	494,220	1,760	190
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	507,270	497,505	1,805	185
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	345,665	337,775	900	50
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	161,605	159,730	905	135
Canadian - Total responses	248,370	247,515	655	65
Canadian - Single responses	173,865	173,540	265	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	74,505	73,975	385	55
English - Total responses	219,930	219,470	240	65
English - Single responses	103,940	103,865	20	0
English - Multiple responses	115,985	115,605	220	50
French - Total responses	28,840	27,345	1,265	115
French - Single responses	2,645	2,145	485	15
French - Multiple responses	26,195	25,205	785	100
Scottish - Total responses	32,810	32,705	60	30
Scottish - Single responses	4,380	4,380	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	28,430	28,320	55	30
Irish - Total responses	110,370	110,120	190	20
Irish - Single responses	34,755	34,750	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	75,610	75,370	190	0
German - Total responses	8,190	7,815	25	0
German - Single responses	905	695	0	0
German - Multiple responses	7,285	7,120	20	0
Italian - Total responses	1,830	1,695	40	0
Italian - Single responses	175	130	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,655	1,570	45	0
Chinese - Total responses	1,970	930	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	1,295	295	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	680	640	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	29,295	26,875	340	50
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	7,920	5,995	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	21,375	20,885	305	50
Ukrainian - Total responses	880	835	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	110	85	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	770	750	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	1,400	855	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	825	370	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	575	490	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	1,860	1,740	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	200	145	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,665	1,595	0	0
Polish - Total responses	1,160	1,025	0	0
Polish - Single responses	145	60	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,015	970	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	370	215	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	210	55	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	165	155	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	4,035	4,025	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	1,310	1,310	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	2,720	2,720	0	0
Russian - Total responses	855	715	0	0
Russian - Single responses	95	40	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	760	680	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	4,065	4,055	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	535	530	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	3,530	3,520	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,230	1,205	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	65	60	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,165	1,150	0	0
Métis - Total responses	7,045	6,970	50	0
Métis - Single responses	2,475	2,470	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	4,575	4,500	50	0
Portuguese - Total responses	775	690	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	140	75	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	640	615	0	0
American - Total responses	2,010	1,980	0	0
American - Single responses	180	180	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,830	1,800	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	795	690	15	0
Spanish - Single responses	90	55	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	705	635	20	0
Swedish - Total responses	950	935	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	310	295	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	645	645	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	285	230	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	45	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	240	220	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	431,050	422,785	1,685	165
Without income	20,500	19,935	70	0
With income	410,545	402,855	1,620	160
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	32,440	31,290	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	34,480	33,795	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	44,400	43,580	155	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	54,020	53,285	215	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	69,050	68,000	245	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	52,045	51,365	150	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	35,090	34,590	125	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	24,040	23,595	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	30,905	30,400	145	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	17,075	16,730	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	16,985	16,235	145	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	8,570	8,240	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	8,420	8,000	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	25,279	25,309	28,887	27,296
Average income $^Footnote 94	35,089	34,977	45,470	31,054
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	431,045	422,790	1,690	160
Without after-tax income	20,655	20,075	75	0
With after-tax income	410,395	402,710	1,615	160
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	33,025	31,855	120	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	35,175	34,490	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	46,140	45,285	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	59,945	59,125	240	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	79,430	78,290	265	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	57,090	56,285	180	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	35,615	35,055	180	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	22,840	22,425	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	26,075	25,500	145	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	8,215	7,925	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	6,845	6,475	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	23,368	23,381	26,581	24,736
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	29,746	29,672	36,642	27,616
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	431,050	422,785	1,685	165
With employment income	283,840	278,430	1,060	105
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	25,073	25,062	37,423	9,895
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	36,127	35,948	51,279	24,076
With wages and salaries	271,145	265,945	1,010	105
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	25,629	25,602	40,859	9,895
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	36,276	36,122	49,591	24,053
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	255,890	250,835	980	65
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	127,000	124,250	575	30
All others^Footnote 105	128,890	126,580	405	30

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.