Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Halifax
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 24.9 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	384,545	351,385	10,165	555
0 to 4 years	19,930	18,725	265	110
5 to 9 years	19,150	18,030	370	0
10 to 14 years	20,410	19,295	250	55
15 to 19 years	23,705	21,875	525	55
20 to 24 years	31,075	28,160	425	20
25 to 29 years	28,090	25,155	715	50
30 to 34 years	25,795	23,030	935	50
35 to 39 years	26,355	23,580	780	0
40 to 44 years	27,580	24,810	835	0
45 to 49 years	32,945	30,050	930	30
50 to 54 years	31,375	28,885	1,030	20
55 to 59 years	26,900	24,770	730	40
60 to 64 years	23,655	21,765	720	0
65 to 69 years	16,685	15,180	630	0
70 to 74 years	11,560	10,340	425	0
75 to 79 years	8,835	7,990	335	25
80 to 84 years	6,260	5,785	190	0
85 years and over	4,235	3,950	70	0
Median age^Footnote 3	39.6	39.6	44.9	26.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	325,050	295,340	9,280	375
Married or living with a common-law partner	185,085	166,580	6,000	175
Married (and not separated)	151,225	135,335	4,495	135
Living common law	33,860	31,245	1,505	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	139,965	128,755	3,280	200
Single (never legally married)	96,875	89,105	1,945	165
Separated	9,315	8,645	270	0
Divorced	19,335	17,855	610	0
Widowed	14,440	13,150	460	25
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	384,540	351,390	10,165	555
English	372,990	351,355	680	440
French	9,760	0	9,490	55
English and French	885	0	0	55
Neither English nor French	910	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	384,545	351,385	10,165	555
English only	336,495	316,830	680	95
French only	310	0	225	0
English and French	46,740	34,455	9,265	455
Neither English nor French	995	60	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	384,540	351,390	10,165	555
Single responses	381,075	350,185	10,010	500
English	365,215	349,100	6,720	440
French	3,680	300	3,190	60
Non-official languages	12,180	785	95	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	10,595	655	80	0
Arabic	3,095	375	75	0
Bengali	235	0	0	0
Cantonese	375	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,365	20	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	0	0	0
German	260	0	0	0
Greek	145	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	175	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	0	0	0
Italian	160	0	0	0
Korean	655	0	0	0
Mandarin	600	25	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	235	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	880	70	0	0
Polish	185	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	0	0	0
Romanian	50	0	0	0
Russian	430	0	0	0
Serbian	45	0	0	0
Spanish	725	25	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	245	0	0	0
Tamil	120	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	0	0	0
Urdu	230	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	30	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	1,580	130	0	0
Multiple responses	3,465	1,205	155	55
English and French	185	35	95	55
English and non-official language	3,220	1,160	35	0
French and non-official language	35	0	25	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	384,545	351,385	10,165	555
None	360,470	343,720	5,205	275
English	8,055	665	1,925	45
French	7,795	4,625	2,895	200
Non-official language	7,700	2,305	105	0
Aboriginal	60	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,635	2,275	105	0
English and French	160	0	0	0
English and non-official language	145	0	15	0
French and non-official language	205	80	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	32,040	9,455	725	75
Aboriginal languages	115	40	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	100	30	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	31,930	9,425	725	80
Italian	1,045	345	50	0
Portuguese	360	120	0	0
Romanian	160	20	0	0
Spanish	4,025	2,265	265	0
Dutch	665	215	0	0
Flemish	40	0	0	0
German	2,815	1,335	35	0
Yiddish	50	30	0	0
Danish	130	45	0	0
Norwegian	230	95	0	0
Swedish	100	25	0	0
Afrikaans	155	95	0	0
Gaelic languages	285	215	0	0
Bosnian	85	15	0	0
Bulgarian	65	30	0	0
Croatian	205	50	0	0
Czech	135	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	625	105	0	0
Russian	1,165	185	0	0
Serbian	85	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	110	0	0	0
Slovak	50	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	225	35	0	0
Latvian	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	0	0	0
Greek	675	230	0	0
Armenian	95	0	0	0
Albanian	50	0	0	0
Estonian	40	0	0	0
Finnish	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	35	0	0
Turkish	330	25	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	65	0	0	0
Somali	100	0	0	0
Amharic	215	40	0	0
Arabic	6,945	1,460	200	0
Hebrew	395	100	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	410	50	0	0
Gujarati	35	0	0	0
Hindi	995	240	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	50	30	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	720	170	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	135	0	0	0
Urdu	510	105	0	0
Nepali	220	15	0	0
Kurdish	45	0	0	0
Pashto	90	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,300	165	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	0	0	0
Kannada	75	40	0	0
Malayalam	135	20	0	0
Tamil	315	45	0	0
Telugu	115	15	0	0
Japanese	440	255	0	0
Korean	940	110	0	0
Cantonese	750	140	0	0
Fukien	95	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,185	160	0	0
Taiwanese	140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,955	120	40	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	395	55	0	0
Bisayan languages	125	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	0	0	0
Malay	90	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,130	320	0	0
Akan (Twi)	60	0	0	0
Lingala	30	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	215	75	20	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	205	20	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	45	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	40	0	0	0
Creoles	120	60	30	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	1,270	725	35	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	380,655	347,730	10,120	505
Non-movers	326,700	300,670	8,500	405
Movers	53,955	47,060	1,615	95
Non-migrants	38,000	34,480	985	85
Migrants	15,955	12,575	635	0
Internal migrants	12,345	10,985	535	0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,460	4,145	100	0
Interprovincial migrants	7,890	6,840	435	0
External migrants	3,610	1,590	95	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	364,610	332,660	9,905	445
Non-movers	217,435	203,090	5,625	285
Movers	147,175	129,575	4,280	160
Non-migrants	93,040	86,310	2,095	95
Migrants	54,135	43,265	2,190	65
Internal migrants	41,815	38,080	1,885	65
Intraprovincial migrants	14,190	13,440	350	0
Interprovincial migrants	27,620	24,640	1,535	50
External migrants	12,320	5,185	300	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	384,545	351,385	10,170	555
Canadian citizens	369,370	346,135	9,865	530
Canadian citizens only	362,685	342,130	9,735	530
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	6,690	4,005	130	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	15,170	5,255	300	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	384,545	351,385	10,165	555
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	348,545	335,505	9,500	530
Born in province of residence	255,755	249,700	3,675	385
Born outside province of residence	92,790	85,810	5,825	145
Immigrants^Footnote 19	31,260	14,440	615	25
Americas	5,425	4,170	75	0
United States	3,555	3,380	45	0
Jamaica	80	65	0	0
Guyana	130	130	0	0
Haiti	40	0	0	0
Mexico	130	15	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	150	155	0	0
Colombia	255	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	0	0	0
Peru	90	0	0	0
Chile	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	905	395	0	0
Europe	11,600	7,425	255	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	6,190	6,095	0	0
Italy	410	45	0	0
Germany	970	375	20	0
Poland	465	35	0	0
Portugal	95	15	0	0
Netherlands	480	135	0	0
France	230	50	175	0
Romania	140	0	0	0
Russian Federation	430	95	0	0
Greece	300	0	0	0
Ukraine	190	0	0	0
Croatia	145	0	0	0
Hungary	125	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	155	0	0	0
Serbia	30	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	355	350	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	890	160	45	0
Africa	2,365	810	170	0
Morocco	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	530	115	15	0
South Africa, Republic of	230	185	0	0
Nigeria	205	155	0	0
Ethiopia	145	0	0	0
Kenya	90	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,100	315	120	0
Asia	11,620	1,800	115	0
India	1,190	310	0	0
China^Footnote 21	1,325	210	0	0
Philippines	985	325	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	260	60	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	385	0	0	0
Pakistan	310	40	0	0
Sri Lanka	140	15	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	880	120	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	530	25	0	0
Lebanon	1,375	130	115	0
Taiwan	395	0	0	0
Iraq	390	0	0	0
Bangladesh	205	30	0	0
Afghanistan	260	0	0	0
Japan	115	0	0	0
Turkey	165	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,725	470	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	250	240	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	240	230	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	4,740	1,435	55	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	8,300	2,635	225	0
Americas	1,110	645	0	0
United States	540	505	0	0
Mexico	55	0	0	0
Cuba	110	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	140	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	180	105	0	0
Europe	1,605	1,025	65	0
France	50	0	45	0
Germany	75	0	0	0
Poland	30	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	185	30	0	0
Ukraine	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	900	885	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	275	90	20	0
Africa	865	280	85	0
Nigeria	65	55	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	250	55	0	0
Morocco	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	445	145	65	0
Asia	4,670	645	70	0
Philippines	625	185	0	0
China^Footnote 32	530	95	0	0
India	435	90	0	0
Pakistan	45	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	630	95	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	225	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	80	0	0	0
Iraq	205	0	0	0
Bangladesh	180	30	0	0
Lebanon	190	30	70	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	225	0	0	0
Afghanistan	35	0	0	0
Japan	50	0	0	0
Turkey	60	0	0	0
Israel	70	0	0	0
Nepal	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	30	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	50	30	0	0
Saudi Arabia	110	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	750	60	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	50	50	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	384,540	351,390	10,170	550
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	348,545	335,510	9,500	530
Immigrants^Footnote 40	31,260	14,440	615	20
Before 1971	6,775	4,525	70	0
1971 to 1980	4,345	2,685	90	0
1981 to 1990	3,340	1,725	55	0
1991 to 2000	4,950	1,515	95	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	11,850	3,985	305	0
2001 to 2005	3,550	1,350	80	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	8,305	2,640	225	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	4,735	1,440	55	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	384,540	351,390	10,170	550
First generation^Footnote 45	37,660	17,415	715	25
Second generation^Footnote 46	34,910	31,610	605	125
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	311,970	302,360	8,850	405
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	384,540	351,385	10,170	555
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	9,655	9,155	395	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	5,830	5,610	125	0
Métis single identity	3,095	2,830	260	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	270	260	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	65	65	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	395	395	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	374,885	342,230	9,775	535
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	384,540	351,390	10,170	555
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	2,245	2,120	45	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	382,295	349,265	10,120	555
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	325,050	295,340	9,280	375
In the labour force	224,590	205,235	6,520	245
Employed	208,355	190,480	6,215	235
Unemployed	16,235	14,760	310	0
Not in the labour force	100,455	90,100	2,765	125
Participation rate	69.1	69.5	70.3	65.3
Employment rate	64.1	64.5	67.0	62.7
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.2	4.8	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	224,595	205,240	6,515	245
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	3,320	2,815	60	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	221,270	202,425	6,455	245
Employee	203,015	186,505	5,980	225
Self-employed	18,260	15,925	475	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	6,420	5,540	155	0
Without paid help	2,405	2,085	55	0
With paid help	4,015	3,460	100	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	11,380	10,045	300	0
Without paid help	8,325	7,450	200	0
With paid help	3,060	2,590	105	0
Unpaid family worker	450	340	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	224,595	205,240	6,520	245
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	3,320	2,815	60	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	221,275	202,425	6,460	250
0 Management occupations	24,465	22,185	690	0
00 Senior management occupations	2,135	1,900	70	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	10,625	9,815	360	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	8,540	7,585	170	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	3,160	2,890	90	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	38,150	35,030	1,180	60
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	7,525	6,820	190	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	13,310	12,270	455	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,530	2,270	130	0
14 Office support occupations	10,435	9,630	290	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	4,345	4,050	120	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	17,380	15,265	670	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	9,180	7,820	300	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	8,205	7,450	370	0
3 Health occupations	16,015	14,655	385	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	4,600	4,385	55	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	4,255	3,615	150	0
32 Technical occupations in health	4,450	4,150	120	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,705	2,500	55	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	31,270	27,755	1,345	50
40 Professional occupations in education services	10,055	8,645	450	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	6,505	5,900	150	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	4,850	4,375	105	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	5,970	5,340	535	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	3,890	3,495	110	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	6,605	6,125	180	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,705	2,470	85	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,900	3,655	95	0
6 Sales and service occupations	55,330	51,160	1,305	60
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	5,085	4,835	155	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	6,740	5,990	125	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	11,075	10,250	310	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	13,320	12,280	350	0
66 Sales support occupations	7,365	6,955	125	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	11,740	10,850	240	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25,990	24,510	600	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	10,455	9,925	250	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	4,625	4,375	120	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	3,015	2,835	95	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	6,185	5,720	120	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,715	1,650	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,190	2,100	20	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	810	765	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	320	305	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,055	1,035	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,885	3,645	90	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	985	910	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,040	1,000	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	995	920	25	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	860	820	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	224,595	205,240	6,515	250
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	3,320	2,810	60	0
All industries^Footnote 61	221,275	202,425	6,460	250
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,110	1,035	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,035	990	25	0
22 Utilities	1,330	1,240	20	0
23 Construction	13,215	12,345	360	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10,285	9,525	190	0
41 Wholesale trade	8,110	7,660	240	0
44-45 Retail trade	26,175	24,510	440	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	9,625	8,835	275	0
51 Information and cultural industries	6,450	6,020	145	0
52 Finance and insurance	10,235	9,385	300	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,270	3,840	150	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15,495	13,795	425	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	140	135	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,735	10,855	320	0
61 Educational services	18,365	16,220	670	0
62 Health care and social assistance	26,420	24,360	550	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,550	4,285	110	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15,170	13,470	230	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	9,155	8,265	240	0
91 Public administration	28,395	25,650	1,750	25
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	208,360	190,480	6,210	230
Usual place of work	173,965	159,225	5,165	200
Work in CSD of residence	166,955	152,680	5,010	190
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	155	135	0	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	5,105	4,805	75	0
Work in a different province	1,750	1,600	65	0
Worked at home	11,615	10,395	320	0
Worked outside Canada	785	615	35	0
No fixed workplace address	21,990	20,240	695	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	195,960	179,465	5,855	215
Car, truck or van - as a driver	134,540	124,150	4,145	95
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15,495	14,355	370	25
Public transit	24,440	21,640	710	0
Walked	16,705	14,975	470	80
Bicycle	2,210	1,995	70	0
Other methods	2,575	2,350	85	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	239,805	219,195	7,050	270
English	236,535	217,980	6,100	250
French	1,450	670	685	0
Non-official language	740	105	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	740	105	0	0
English and French	655	290	265	0
English and non-official language	365	145	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	239,800	219,190	7,050	265
None	230,015	214,160	3,900	175
English	1,330	560	420	0
French	6,895	3,925	2,670	80
Non-official language	1,380	455	30	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,365	445	30	0
English and French	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	150	80	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	325,050	295,340	9,280	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	52,125	48,905	1,145	50
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	78,375	71,845	2,180	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	194,550	174,600	5,955	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	31,980	29,805	1,025	20
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	18,920	17,735	610	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	13,060	12,075	415	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	61,575	57,270	1,955	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	13,355	11,595	485	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	87,650	75,925	2,495	100
Bachelor's degree	57,195	50,900	1,560	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	6,980	5,970	185	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,670	1,975	105	0
Master's degree	17,285	14,495	525	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	3,515	2,590	120	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	194,550	174,595	5,955	215
Education	13,595	12,410	505	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,200	5,660	180	0
Humanities	10,905	9,820	285	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	18,950	17,085	505	25
Business, management and public administration	46,270	41,945	1,290	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,425	8,045	280	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	9,215	7,970	290	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,160	33,765	1,345	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,955	1,750	40	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	27,490	24,795	785	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	12,360	11,325	455	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	30	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	194,555	174,595	5,960	215
Inside Canada	178,900	166,525	5,680	190
Newfoundland and Labrador	6,090	5,950	60	0
Prince Edward Island	2,345	2,245	65	0
Nova Scotia	138,985	130,790	3,115	150
New Brunswick	7,250	6,475	600	0
Quebec	3,120	1,940	935	0
Ontario	14,185	12,765	675	0
Manitoba	750	660	30	0
Saskatchewan	625	595	20	0
Alberta	2,935	2,745	80	0
British Columbia	2,595	2,345	105	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	15,650	8,075	280	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	384,540	351,385	10,165	555
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	35,040	19,645	420	60
South Asian^Footnote 79	3,995	1,650	0	0
Chinese	4,620	1,395	55	0
Black	13,785	12,670	235	0
Filipino	1,320	530	0	0
Latin American	1,030	145	0	0
Arab	5,525	1,490	90	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	900	325	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	1,210	200	0	0
Korean	845	85	0	0
Japanese	290	160	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	440	355	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	1,090	635	20	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	349,505	331,740	9,745	495
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	384,540	351,385	10,165	550
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	180,950	156,900	4,985	195
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	203,595	194,485	5,180	360
Canadian - Total responses	141,315	136,415	4,245	135
Canadian - Single responses	72,685	70,980	1,520	60
Canadian - Multiple responses	68,630	65,440	2,725	80
English - Total responses	122,510	121,435	695	245
English - Single responses	27,265	27,225	25	0
English - Multiple responses	95,250	94,205	670	245
French - Total responses	63,185	55,820	6,830	295
French - Single responses	7,445	5,035	2,380	20
French - Multiple responses	55,740	50,785	4,445	270
Scottish - Total responses	109,585	108,695	600	105
Scottish - Single responses	18,105	18,025	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	91,480	90,670	560	80
Irish - Total responses	93,460	92,385	815	80
Irish - Single responses	12,180	12,105	40	0
Irish - Multiple responses	81,275	80,280	775	65
German - Total responses	43,715	42,220	240	100
German - Single responses	5,270	4,570	0	0
German - Multiple responses	38,445	37,650	230	100
Italian - Total responses	6,705	5,850	200	0
Italian - Single responses	1,295	750	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	5,405	5,095	190	0
Chinese - Total responses	5,375	1,870	60	0
Chinese - Single responses	3,770	755	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,610	1,115	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	14,115	13,350	645	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	1,475	1,360	60	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	12,640	11,990	585	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	4,475	4,135	25	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	600	470	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	3,875	3,665	25	0
East Indian - Total responses	3,585	2,025	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	2,280	880	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	1,305	1,140	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	13,340	12,755	35	0
Dutch - Single responses	1,640	1,305	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	11,695	11,450	35	0
Polish - Total responses	4,945	4,200	60	0
Polish - Single responses	850	400	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	4,095	3,800	55	0
Filipino - Total responses	1,495	590	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,015	275	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	480	315	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	10,290	10,135	55	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	2,140	2,125	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	8,150	8,005	50	0
Russian - Total responses	2,470	1,805	45	0
Russian - Single responses	435	215	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	2,035	1,595	45	0
Welsh - Total responses	8,595	8,555	20	0
Welsh - Single responses	715	710	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	7,880	7,845	20	0
Norwegian - Total responses	2,715	2,565	25	0
Norwegian - Single responses	345	250	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,370	2,310	0	0
Métis - Total responses	3,270	2,925	320	25
Métis - Single responses	345	345	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,920	2,585	310	20
Portuguese - Total responses	2,150	1,910	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	380	260	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,770	1,645	0	0
American - Total responses	3,835	3,680	65	0
American - Single responses	300	300	0	0
American - Multiple responses	3,535	3,375	60	0
Spanish - Total responses	2,465	1,810	20	0
Spanish - Single responses	160	40	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	2,305	1,770	20	0
Swedish - Total responses	2,090	2,020	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	230	190	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,860	1,830	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,305	1,070	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	210	70	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	1,095	1,000	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	325,045	295,340	9,280	375
Without income	13,985	12,220	330	0
With income	311,065	283,120	8,950	360
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	28,180	24,060	645	80
$5,000 to $9,999	24,475	22,380	445	25
$10,000 to $14,999	26,655	24,250	610	40
$15,000 to $19,999	25,890	23,560	660	25
$20,000 to $29,999	41,735	38,665	915	45
$30,000 to $39,999	39,960	36,850	1,110	35
$40,000 to $49,999	32,915	30,385	1,015	25
$50,000 to $59,999	24,650	22,620	845	45
$60,000 to $79,999	34,855	31,680	1,555	25
$80,000 to $99,999	16,290	14,780	750	0
$100,000 and over	15,465	13,880	410	0
$100,000 to $124,999	7,475	6,710	265	0
$125,000 and over	7,990	7,170	150	0
Median income $^Footnote 93	32,078	32,257	40,963	21,404
Average income $^Footnote 94	40,453	40,584	45,857	28,212
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	325,050	295,340	9,280	370
Without after-tax income	14,025	12,245	330	0
With after-tax income	311,030	283,090	8,950	360
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	29,325	25,150	665	75
$5,000 to $9,999	25,580	23,405	505	30
$10,000 to $14,999	27,130	24,620	650	40
$15,000 to $19,999	29,510	26,995	720	0
$20,000 to $29,999	51,635	47,915	1,135	55
$30,000 to $39,999	48,895	44,970	1,430	50
$40,000 to $49,999	35,550	32,645	1,220	60
$50,000 to $59,999	25,545	23,130	1,190	0
$60,000 to $79,999	24,075	21,895	1,100	20
$80,000 to $99,999	7,230	6,480	220	0
$100,000 and over	6,545	5,885	120	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	28,634	28,741	35,546	20,178
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	33,205	33,320	37,401	24,763
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	325,050	295,340	9,285	375
With employment income	234,395	214,860	6,905	265
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	32,488	32,460	43,500	20,971
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	40,030	39,951	45,277	27,866
With wages and salaries	222,735	204,525	6,610	245
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	33,409	33,347	44,283	20,974
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	40,444	40,344	45,860	28,544
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	224,595	205,240	6,520	250
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	132,170	121,355	4,255	155
All others^Footnote 105	92,425	83,885	2,260	95

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.