Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Kirkland, V
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 19.2 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	21,065	9,630	4,390	165
0 to 4 years	860	515	150	15
5 to 9 years	1,185	800	130	20
10 to 14 years	1,650	1,040	295	15
15 to 19 years	1,965	1,215	395	0
20 to 24 years	1,670	1,000	365	30
25 to 29 years	870	415	170	0
30 to 34 years	735	365	130	0
35 to 39 years	920	345	160	0
40 to 44 years	1,540	635	225	0
45 to 49 years	2,095	705	360	0
50 to 54 years	2,080	620	605	0
55 to 59 years	1,650	645	400	0
60 to 64 years	1,390	480	390	0
65 to 69 years	935	295	315	0
70 to 74 years	590	195	155	0
75 to 79 years	445	175	90	0
80 to 84 years	330	155	45	0
85 years and over	145	40	10	0
Median age^Footnote 3	42.6	27.8	47.6	22.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	17,370	7,280	3,815	110
Married or living with a common-law partner	10,955	3,805	2,545	45
Married (and not separated)	10,070	3,455	2,180	45
Living common law	890	350	365	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	6,415	3,470	1,275	65
Single (never legally married)	4,945	2,875	1,015	60
Separated	170	70	35	0
Divorced	665	310	130	0
Widowed	635	225	90	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	21,065	9,635	4,395	165
English	14,415	9,610	0	110
French	4,890	0	4,385	0
English and French	1,550	0	0	50
Neither English nor French	210	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	21,065	9,635	4,395	165
English only	3,815	2,305	0	0
French only	485	0	320	0
English and French	16,550	7,305	4,060	165
Neither English nor French	215	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	21,065	9,630	4,395	165
Single responses	20,335	9,460	4,250	105
English	13,650	9,060	890	100
French	3,730	160	3,255	0
Non-official languages	2,955	245	105	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	2,695	230	95	0
Arabic	350	35	0	0
Bengali	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	130	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	295	40	0	0
Creoles	70	0	35	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	60	0	0	0
Greek	135	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	205	0	0	0
Korean	135	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	185	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	0	0	0
Polish	100	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	0	0	0
Romanian	140	0	0	0
Russian	200	70	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	235	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	50	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	0	0	0
Urdu	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	260	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	170	145	65
English and French	140	0	75	55
English and non-official language	430	155	0	10
French and non-official language	110	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	20	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	21,065	9,635	4,395	165
None	13,100	7,565	2,525	150
English	2,375	220	1,060	0
French	2,480	1,320	630	0
Non-official language	2,375	410	135	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,370	410	130	0
English and French	300	0	0	0
English and non-official language	140	35	30	0
French and non-official language	300	65	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	9,545	1,980	870	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,540	1,985	870	30
Italian	2,460	585	145	0
Portuguese	260	45	20	0
Romanian	185	0	15	0
Spanish	1,115	255	310	0
Dutch	80	35	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	460	80	50	0
Yiddish	35	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	0	0
Polish	355	75	0	0
Russian	280	90	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	30	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	865	260	0	0
Armenian	200	35	25	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	0	0	0
Turkish	55	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,010	130	170	0
Hebrew	65	15	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	105	45	0	0
Gujarati	55	0	0	0
Hindi	330	45	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	365	55	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	160	35	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	245	35	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	20	0	0
Tamil	45	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	0	0	0
Korean	145	0	0	0
Cantonese	165	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	485	75	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	25	0
Vietnamese	60	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	35	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	55	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	345	35	135	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	30	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	20,955	9,565	4,380	165
Non-movers	19,620	8,985	4,125	160
Movers	1,335	580	255	0
Non-migrants	615	260	110	0
Migrants	720	320	150	0
Internal migrants	605	260	135	0
Intraprovincial migrants	555	220	125	0
Interprovincial migrants	50	40	0	0
External migrants	115	65	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	20,205	9,125	4,240	150
Non-movers	15,745	7,265	3,515	110
Movers	4,455	1,855	725	40
Non-migrants	1,890	720	275	25
Migrants	2,565	1,140	445	0
Internal migrants	1,870	915	370	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,675	800	340	0
Interprovincial migrants	190	115	30	0
External migrants	695	220	80	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	21,060	9,630	4,395	165
Canadian citizens	20,115	9,330	4,365	165
Canadian citizens only	19,040	9,100	4,205	165
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,075	230	160	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	950	305	30	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	21,060	9,635	4,395	165
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	15,165	8,510	3,880	155
Born in province of residence	13,655	7,350	3,650	150
Born outside province of residence	1,510	1,165	230	0
Immigrants^Footnote 19	5,795	1,050	505	0
Americas	780	285	50	0
United States	215	140	30	0
Jamaica	25	30	0	0
Guyana	40	35	0	0
Haiti	110	0	0	0
Mexico	40	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	35	0	0
Colombia	100	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	185	40	0	0
Europe	2,095	340	170	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	275	235	0	0
Italy	485	15	0	0
Germany	150	0	0	0
Poland	165	0	0	0
Portugal	85	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	0	0	0
France	105	0	100	0
Romania	145	0	0	0
Russian Federation	105	0	0	0
Greece	200	20	0	0
Ukraine	45	0	0	0
Croatia	35	0	0	0
Hungary	65	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	200	0	30	0
Africa	785	125	165	0
Morocco	70	0	45	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	455	75	65	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	225	30	45	0
Asia	2,115	285	125	0
India	410	40	0	0
China^Footnote 21	375	35	40	0
Philippines	135	60	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	65	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	70	15	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	150	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	130	0	0	0
Lebanon	290	0	50	0
Taiwan	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	65	30	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	280	85	30	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	105	75	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	475	110	25	0
Americas	120	20	0	0
United States	25	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	35	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	110	20	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	0	0
Africa	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	65	0	0
Philippines	55	40	0	0
China^Footnote 32	40	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	30	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	21,065	9,635	4,390	165
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	15,165	8,510	3,880	155
Immigrants^Footnote 40	5,795	1,050	505	0
Before 1971	1,555	305	105	0
1971 to 1980	865	185	85	0
1981 to 1990	1,225	215	105	0
1991 to 2000	895	155	120	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	1,255	175	95	0
2001 to 2005	785	65	65	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	475	110	30	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	110	75	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	21,065	9,630	4,395	165
First generation^Footnote 45	6,015	1,195	520	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	6,295	3,250	830	40
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	8,750	5,190	3,045	110
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	21,065	9,635	4,390	165
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	45	35	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	25	15	0	0
Métis single identity	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,020	9,595	4,385	165
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	21,065	9,635	4,395	165
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	20	15	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,040	9,620	4,395	165
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	17,370	7,280	3,820	110
In the labour force	11,835	4,955	2,570	90
Employed	11,030	4,530	2,465	80
Unemployed	810	425	105	0
Not in the labour force	5,530	2,330	1,245	20
Participation rate	68.1	68.1	67.3	81.8
Employment rate	63.5	62.2	64.5	72.7
Unemployment rate	6.8	8.6	4.1	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	11,840	4,955	2,570	90
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	235	135	40	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	11,605	4,820	2,535	90
Employee	10,155	4,295	2,250	90
Self-employed	1,450	520	280	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	720	220	140	0
Without paid help	315	110	90	0
With paid help	410	115	50	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	700	285	140	0
Without paid help	450	220	75	0
With paid help	250	65	60	0
Unpaid family worker	25	20	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	11,840	4,955	2,570	90
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	230	135	40	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	11,605	4,815	2,530	90
0 Management occupations	2,320	835	540	0
00 Senior management occupations	560	195	185	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	925	350	230	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	590	205	70	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	255	85	60	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,395	980	525	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	725	290	160	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	830	330	210	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	160	85	0	0
14 Office support occupations	525	215	120	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	145	65	30	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,255	385	260	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	910	270	190	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	340	115	75	0
3 Health occupations	725	295	165	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	200	85	40	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	260	100	100	0
32 Technical occupations in health	170	55	20	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	90	55	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	985	380	240	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	430	150	105	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	255	100	70	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	155	55	25	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	25	15	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	115	60	30	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	405	235	85	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	155	75	40	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	250	165	45	0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,705	1,340	565	30
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	340	120	85	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	300	140	55	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	805	420	180	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	595	265	150	0
66 Sales support occupations	385	240	45	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	280	155	45	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	555	240	90	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	150	40	25	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	185	90	35	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	45	20	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	145	75	25	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	30	15	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	40	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	35	25	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	210	95	55	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	30	0	20	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	45	25	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	75	35	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	60	25	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	11,840	4,950	2,570	90
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	230	135	40	0
All industries^Footnote 61	11,605	4,820	2,530	90
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	0	0	0
22 Utilities	40	0	20	0
23 Construction	310	125	70	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,415	550	280	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,220	475	270	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,270	635	250	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	640	250	120	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	175	120	0
52 Finance and insurance	550	205	115	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	300	115	75	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,395	500	315	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	240	125	30	0
61 Educational services	825	340	195	0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,060	425	275	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	315	175	35	0
72 Accommodation and food services	735	365	105	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	170	80	0
91 Public administration	380	140	155	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	11,030	4,530	2,465	85
Usual place of work	9,420	3,900	2,080	80
Work in CSD of residence	1,290	675	230	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	7,520	3,035	1,650	50
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	565	180	190	0
Work in a different province	45	15	0	0
Worked at home	920	335	270	0
Worked outside Canada	75	30	0	0
No fixed workplace address	620	265	80	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	10,035	4,165	2,165	85
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,860	3,165	1,735	80
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	515	230	90	0
Public transit	1,250	555	250	0
Walked	245	155	50	0
Bicycle	20	20	0	0
Other methods	150	45	35	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	12,595	5,330	2,750	100
English	7,190	3,795	735	40
French	3,355	770	1,610	30
Non-official language	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	60	0	0	0
English and French	1,925	740	395	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	12,590	5,325	2,750	100
None	6,000	2,590	1,210	50
English	2,165	565	945	0
French	4,125	2,130	575	30
Non-official language	210	25	25	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	215	25	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	17,370	7,285	3,815	110
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,685	820	265	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	3,660	1,730	780	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	12,025	4,730	2,770	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	980	420	230	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	600	275	130	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	380	145	100	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,535	1,775	695	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	1,150	320	360	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,355	2,210	1,480	45
Bachelor's degree	3,845	1,545	840	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	755	230	205	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	40	80	0
Master's degree	1,315	345	315	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	275	55	40	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	12,020	4,730	2,770	85
Education	690	325	140	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	200	50	0
Humanities	645	200	215	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,470	650	340	0
Business, management and public administration	3,565	1,435	815	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	780	295	170	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	645	260	110	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,135	670	450	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	35	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	1,195	490	365	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	355	165	100	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	12,025	4,730	2,770	85
Inside Canada	9,940	4,335	2,565	80
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	45	35	0	0
New Brunswick	55	30	0	0
Quebec	9,245	3,905	2,440	80
Ontario	425	250	95	0
Manitoba	50	35	0	0
Saskatchewan	20	0	0	0
Alberta	50	35	20	0
British Columbia	40	30	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	2,080	395	205	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	21,065	9,635	4,395	165
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	4,385	1,310	440	30
South Asian^Footnote 79	1,000	365	15	20
Chinese	1,020	245	120	0
Black	575	285	170	0
Filipino	255	165	0	0
Latin American	205	15	0	0
Arab	690	120	90	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	125	0	35	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	210	20	0	0
Korean	145	0	0	0
Japanese	40	35	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	40	20	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	65	30	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	16,680	8,325	3,950	135
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	21,065	9,630	4,390	165
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	12,570	4,005	2,610	25
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	8,495	5,635	1,785	140
Canadian - Total responses	4,640	2,305	2,125	85
Canadian - Single responses	1,785	710	1,055	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	2,855	1,600	1,065	75
English - Total responses	2,070	1,895	100	65
English - Single responses	285	280	0	0
English - Multiple responses	1,790	1,615	95	60
French - Total responses	3,565	1,440	1,965	100
French - Single responses	790	35	745	0
French - Multiple responses	2,780	1,400	1,220	105
Scottish - Total responses	1,835	1,650	150	20
Scottish - Single responses	120	115	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	1,715	1,530	150	25
Irish - Total responses	2,555	2,195	300	50
Irish - Single responses	360	315	45	0
Irish - Multiple responses	2,195	1,875	255	50
German - Total responses	830	585	75	0
German - Single responses	155	40	0	0
German - Multiple responses	675	550	65	0
Italian - Total responses	4,215	1,985	375	55
Italian - Single responses	2,460	745	150	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,750	1,245	225	55
Chinese - Total responses	1,155	300	140	0
Chinese - Single responses	975	185	130	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	175	115	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	160	90	65	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	145	90	55	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	570	340	55	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	120	50	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	450	290	55	0
East Indian - Total responses	900	355	0	20
East Indian - Single responses	705	210	0	15
East Indian - Multiple responses	200	145	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	365	275	30	30
Dutch - Single responses	75	50	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	290	230	35	25
Polish - Total responses	910	560	25	0
Polish - Single responses	310	85	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	600	470	25	0
Filipino - Total responses	270	170	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	90	70	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	175	100	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	600	565	30	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	80	75	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	520	490	30	0
Russian - Total responses	685	490	45	0
Russian - Single responses	175	75	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	510	415	40	0
Welsh - Total responses	225	215	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	20	20	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	200	195	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	45	25	15	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	45	25	15	0
Métis - Total responses	35	0	30	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	35	0	25	0
Portuguese - Total responses	320	140	30	0
Portuguese - Single responses	155	20	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	160	120	30	0
American - Total responses	365	290	60	0
American - Single responses	55	55	0	0
American - Multiple responses	310	240	55	0
Spanish - Total responses	600	220	50	0
Spanish - Single responses	60	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	535	220	45	0
Swedish - Total responses	45	40	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	45	40	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	430	245	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	130	45	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	300	205	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	17,370	7,285	3,820	110
Without income	1,165	645	220	0
With income	16,210	6,635	3,600	110
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	1,800	955	355	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,190	585	200	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	1,430	610	260	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	1,045	390	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	1,655	715	325	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,585	660	390	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,395	475	310	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,080	440	285	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,610	580	390	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,110	395	225	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,310	820	695	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	880	305	260	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	1,435	520	440	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	36,382	30,552	44,341	28,557
Average income $^Footnote 94	54,129	47,373	65,084	48,018
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	17,365	7,285	3,815	115
Without after-tax income	1,155	640	220	0
With after-tax income	16,215	6,640	3,605	110
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	1,860	985	370	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,245	590	205	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	1,440	620	265	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	1,135	450	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,105	905	460	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,870	730	440	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,595	555	390	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,255	505	290	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,645	555	410	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	980	370	270	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,095	375	330	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	31,606	27,049	37,852	25,878
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	42,158	37,281	49,042	37,968
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	17,370	7,280	3,820	110
With employment income	12,325	5,180	2,765	100
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	36,762	26,733	43,720	20,352
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	55,634	46,420	65,939	42,803
With wages and salaries	11,590	4,905	2,620	100
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	36,853	26,930	42,670	20,352
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	55,283	46,284	63,252	42,803
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	11,840	4,955	2,570	90
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	6,490	2,575	1,370	35
All others^Footnote 105	5,345	2,375	1,200	55

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.