Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Gatineau
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 23.0 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	261,665	29,645	205,510	1,650
0 to 4 years	16,435	2,020	12,950	205
5 to 9 years	14,440	1,785	11,195	190
10 to 14 years	15,105	1,740	12,055	135
15 to 19 years	18,000	2,100	14,295	170
20 to 24 years	18,270	2,500	14,165	125
25 to 29 years	18,600	2,305	14,070	110
30 to 34 years	19,120	2,255	14,395	130
35 to 39 years	18,085	2,260	13,040	35
40 to 44 years	18,685	2,295	13,300	120
45 to 49 years	22,255	2,335	17,625	75
50 to 54 years	21,775	2,215	17,770	30
55 to 59 years	17,885	1,885	14,655	60
60 to 64 years	14,570	1,380	12,115	110
65 to 69 years	10,365	890	8,790	70
70 to 74 years	7,110	775	5,810	35
75 to 79 years	5,500	445	4,645	0
80 to 84 years	3,495	295	2,990	0
85 years and over	1,960	165	1,660	25
Median age^Footnote 3	37.9	35.2	38.7	25.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	215,685	24,100	169,320	1,120
Married or living with a common-law partner	121,335	13,305	93,435	540
Married (and not separated)	78,785	9,340	56,555	380
Living common law	42,555	3,965	36,875	160
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	94,340	10,795	75,880	585
Single (never legally married)	64,470	7,725	51,510	440
Separated	4,450	570	3,270	0
Divorced	16,160	1,655	13,405	90
Widowed	9,270	845	7,700	45
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	261,665	29,645	205,515	1,655
English	37,355	29,485	165	450
French	216,800	165	205,355	660
English and French	5,980	0	0	540
Neither English nor French	1,535	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	261,665	29,645	205,515	1,650
English only	16,575	11,325	160	25
French only	75,020	165	69,420	0
English and French	168,440	18,135	135,880	1,605
Neither English nor French	1,630	25	50	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	261,665	29,645	205,515	1,650
Single responses	256,285	29,010	203,585	1,135
English	34,470	24,505	6,040	440
French	208,065	4,150	196,965	665
Non-official languages	13,750	355	580	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	45	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	11,705	330	510	0
Arabic	3,495	105	145	0
Bengali	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	905	0	45	0
Creoles	240	0	35	0
Dutch	40	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	0	0	0
Italian	55	0	0	0
Korean	90	0	0	0
Mandarin	270	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	275	0	0	0
Polish	140	20	0	0
Portuguese	980	25	0	0
Romanian	565	0	25	0
Russian	245	0	0	0
Serbian	500	0	40	0
Spanish	3,030	135	180	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	0	0	0
Tamil	165	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	0	0
Urdu	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	310	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	1,995	0	75	0
Multiple responses	5,385	640	1,930	515
English and French	1,635	270	805	480
English and non-official language	1,290	355	65	0
French and non-official language	2,325	15	1,010	0
English, French and non-official language	135	0	50	30
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	261,670	29,645	205,515	1,650
None	199,450	19,725	167,340	880
English	37,125	2,850	31,130	395
French	14,320	6,350	4,060	290
Non-official language	8,265	550	2,320	25
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,250	540	2,320	25
English and French	1,025	40	60	0
English and non-official language	1,000	40	540	0
French and non-official language	475	95	70	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	40,695	2,945	13,200	250
Aboriginal languages	110	0	0	0
Algonquin	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	75	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40,595	2,940	13,200	245
Italian	1,495	165	630	0
Portuguese	3,265	135	735	0
Romanian	825	20	55	0
Spanish	13,380	970	7,590	130
Dutch	270	50	45	0
Flemish	35	0	0	0
German	1,510	310	565	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	30	0	0
Norwegian	40	0	0	0
Swedish	50	0	15	0
Afrikaans	60	25	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	210	0	0	0
Bulgarian	175	0	35	0
Croatian	320	0	15	0
Czech	95	0	25	0
Macedonian	15	0	0	0
Polish	475	65	35	0
Russian	775	45	120	0
Serbian	635	55	40	0
Serbo-Croatian	350	0	40	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	25	0	0
Latvian	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	185	30	35	0
Armenian	35	0	0	0
Albanian	70	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	25	0	0
Turkish	230	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	130	0	0	0
Oromo	190	0	40	0
Somali	175	0	50	0
Amharic	60	0	0	0
Arabic	7,680	460	1,250	65
Hebrew	30	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	135	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	125	45	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	65	15	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	115	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	30	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	440	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	195	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	340	65	100	0
Korean	170	0	0	0
Cantonese	165	20	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	540	40	105	0
Taiwanese	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,105	20	100	0
Lao	140	0	0	0
Thai	105	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	145	0	35	0
Vietnamese	545	15	40	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	305	50	0	0
Akan (Twi)	40	20	0	0
Lingala	440	25	170	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	555	0	100	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	535	0	75	0
Swahili	1,145	80	225	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	430	0	100	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	730	45	385	0
African languages, n.i.e.	205	45	75	0
Creoles	1,905	60	955	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	1,400	95	505	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	258,205	29,225	202,790	1,565
Non-movers	219,825	23,875	175,100	1,340
Movers	38,380	5,345	27,685	220
Non-migrants	27,125	3,200	21,330	95
Migrants	11,260	2,145	6,360	120
Internal migrants	9,370	2,065	5,690	120
Intraprovincial migrants	5,380	475	4,105	100
Interprovincial migrants	3,990	1,590	1,585	0
External migrants	1,890	85	670	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	245,230	27,630	192,565	1,450
Non-movers	138,610	14,675	113,390	790
Movers	106,625	12,950	79,175	660
Non-migrants	69,655	6,600	56,705	370
Migrants	36,970	6,350	22,475	290
Internal migrants	29,815	5,935	20,110	270
Intraprovincial migrants	18,760	1,950	14,935	180
Interprovincial migrants	11,050	3,990	5,170	85
External migrants	7,160	415	2,365	25
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	261,665	29,645	205,515	1,655
Canadian citizens	252,195	28,990	203,095	1,640
Canadian citizens only	245,915	28,365	201,200	1,620
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	6,275	620	1,900	20
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	9,475	655	2,420	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	261,670	29,645	205,515	1,650
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	231,945	27,210	198,690	1,570
Born in province of residence	172,690	9,070	159,935	865
Born outside province of residence	59,255	18,130	38,760	705
Immigrants^Footnote 19	28,590	2,340	6,315	80
Americas	6,345	680	1,120	0
United States	600	365	175	0
Jamaica	85	85	0	0
Guyana	50	50	0	0
Haiti	1,480	0	675	0
Mexico	640	0	35	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	45	0	0
Colombia	1,195	20	85	0
El Salvador	385	0	0	0
Peru	260	15	0	0
Chile	120	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,480	45	140	0
Europe	7,865	760	2,205	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	440	440	0	0
Italy	230	20	0	0
Germany	440	65	100	0
Poland	275	20	0	0
Portugal	1,340	30	45	0
Netherlands	130	0	0	0
France	1,610	20	1,520	0
Romania	695	0	70	0
Russian Federation	180	0	30	0
Greece	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	105	0	0	0
Croatia	255	0	35	0
Hungary	70	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	810	0	0	0
Serbia	145	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	85	80	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,000	15	360	0
Africa	7,520	445	2,250	0
Morocco	1,180	0	275	0
Algeria	940	0	160	0
Egypt	190	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	50	0	0
Nigeria	100	60	0	0
Ethiopia	55	0	20	0
Kenya	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	4,895	305	1,780	0
Asia	6,825	415	735	0
India	115	50	0	0
China^Footnote 21	1,315	35	290	0
Philippines	320	70	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	455	0	40	0
Pakistan	65	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	105	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	350	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	130	0	25	0
Lebanon	2,285	65	255	0
Taiwan	60	0	15	0
Iraq	375	0	0	0
Bangladesh	70	0	0	0
Afghanistan	40	0	0	0
Japan	45	0	0	0
Turkey	155	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	910	130	70	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	40	45	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	40	40	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	1,125	95	505	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	7,525	410	1,840	0
Americas	2,070	95	270	0
United States	95	65	25	0
Mexico	220	0	0	0
Cuba	60	0	0	0
Haiti	505	0	165	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	170	0	0	0
Colombia	650	0	55	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	55	15	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	280	0	0	0
Europe	960	45	455	0
France	355	0	350	0
Germany	50	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	150	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	35	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	230	0	90	0
Africa	3,110	155	990	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	295	0	40	0
Egypt	30	0	0	0
Morocco	560	0	80	0
Tunisia	170	0	20	0
Cameroon	195	20	170	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	430	0	60	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,395	110	605	0
Asia	1,360	100	120	0
Philippines	85	0	0	0
China^Footnote 32	230	0	35	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	105	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	40	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	150	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	360	35	55	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	30	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	20	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	20	20	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	261,665	29,645	205,515	1,655
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	231,950	27,210	198,690	1,570
Immigrants^Footnote 40	28,590	2,340	6,315	80
Before 1971	2,140	410	535	0
1971 to 1980	2,870	390	585	0
1981 to 1990	3,430	370	550	0
1991 to 2000	6,690	350	1,335	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	13,460	825	3,305	45
2001 to 2005	5,935	415	1,460	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	7,520	410	1,835	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	1,125	95	510	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	261,670	29,645	205,515	1,650
First generation^Footnote 45	30,430	2,620	7,255	90
Second generation^Footnote 46	20,315	5,635	10,290	220
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	210,920	21,390	187,970	1,340
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	261,670	29,650	205,515	1,650
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	9,060	1,465	7,390	100
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	4,625	955	3,525	50
Métis single identity	4,025	480	3,490	40
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	110	10	95	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	110	0	100	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	195	10	180	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	252,605	28,180	198,120	1,555
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	261,665	29,650	205,515	1,655
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	1,955	575	1,275	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	259,710	29,075	204,240	1,625
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	215,685	24,100	169,320	1,125
In the labour force	151,070	17,275	118,015	745
Employed	142,390	16,090	111,825	710
Unemployed	8,675	1,185	6,185	35
Not in the labour force	64,615	6,830	51,300	380
Participation rate	70.0	71.7	69.7	66.2
Employment rate	66.0	66.8	66.0	63.1
Unemployment rate	5.7	6.9	5.2	4.7
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	151,065	17,270	118,015	745
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	2,855	295	2,055	15
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	148,215	16,980	115,960	735
Employee	136,920	15,785	107,245	705
Self-employed	11,295	1,190	8,715	30
Self-employed (incorporated)	3,865	420	2,970	0
Without paid help	1,895	260	1,350	0
With paid help	1,970	165	1,620	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	7,305	760	5,665	25
Without paid help	5,865	545	4,670	20
With paid help	1,440	215	990	0
Unpaid family worker	125	15	80	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	151,070	17,275	118,015	750
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	2,860	295	2,055	15
All occupations^Footnote 58	148,215	16,980	115,960	735
0 Management occupations	14,390	1,995	11,180	75
00 Senior management occupations	2,160	225	1,795	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	6,950	975	5,505	40
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,820	610	2,715	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,460	195	1,165	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	34,590	3,910	27,480	165
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	7,065	670	5,610	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	14,975	1,785	11,950	40
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,325	165	1,030	0
14 Office support occupations	8,900	1,010	7,065	25
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,325	270	1,830	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	11,735	1,475	8,635	40
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	6,940	935	4,970	20
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,795	540	3,665	15
3 Health occupations	8,320	820	6,580	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	2,270	225	1,875	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,505	160	1,195	0
32 Technical occupations in health	2,660	295	2,070	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,885	140	1,440	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	21,705	2,130	17,080	110
40 Professional occupations in education services	6,955	625	5,495	40
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	6,545	830	4,885	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	4,750	330	3,895	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,920	190	1,640	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,535	155	1,165	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,060	490	4,150	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,775	240	2,290	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,285	245	1,855	0
6 Sales and service occupations	33,855	3,945	25,950	225
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,050	330	1,575	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	4,930	600	3,495	25
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	6,140	635	5,015	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,680	905	5,970	55
66 Sales support occupations	4,960	615	3,950	30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	8,095	865	5,940	90
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,670	1,825	12,625	85
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	6,260	620	5,175	30
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,295	355	1,760	30
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,065	150	835	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,910	465	3,100	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	2,140	235	1,745	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	970	135	780	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	235	35	190	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	0	95	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	615	90	490	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,930	250	1,505	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	420	45	350	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	655	100	495	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	345	55	240	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	505	50	425	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	151,070	17,275	118,015	745
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	2,860	295	2,055	15
All industries^Footnote 61	148,210	16,975	115,960	730
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	315	15	265	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	150	20	120	0
22 Utilities	755	45	690	0
23 Construction	9,755	1,035	7,980	40
31-33 Manufacturing	4,690	550	3,675	45
41 Wholesale trade	2,475	365	1,905	0
44-45 Retail trade	15,820	1,725	12,850	90
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,995	605	2,985	15
51 Information and cultural industries	2,835	385	2,170	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,475	535	2,560	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,720	240	1,325	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,405	1,015	5,390	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	75	0	55	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,515	940	4,490	55
61 Educational services	11,710	1,065	9,470	35
62 Health care and social assistance	16,215	1,245	13,190	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,790	565	2,940	20
72 Accommodation and food services	8,835	1,275	6,195	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,680	710	4,270	35
91 Public administration	42,010	4,625	33,430	160
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	142,395	16,090	111,825	710
Usual place of work	124,485	14,015	98,065	585
Work in CSD of residence	71,060	4,585	61,030	300
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	0	0	0	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	3,580	325	3,065	0
Work in a different province	49,845	9,105	33,975	280
Worked at home	5,355	660	4,110	0
Worked outside Canada	305	45	220	0
No fixed workplace address	12,245	1,375	9,425	110
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	136,730	15,385	107,490	700
Car, truck or van - as a driver	93,800	9,805	75,435	505
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	9,315	1,200	7,140	30
Public transit	23,715	3,205	17,020	100
Walked	6,165	700	4,895	30
Bicycle	2,670	350	2,125	0
Other methods	1,065	125	875	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	158,935	18,240	124,235	810
English	48,555	13,990	27,235	270
French	96,055	2,740	87,160	220
Non-official language	495	0	40	0
Aboriginal	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	0	35	0
English and French	13,355	1,480	9,660	320
English and non-official language	255	15	50	0
French and non-official language	60	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	160	0	70	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	158,930	18,240	124,235	810
None	77,815	10,735	57,380	450
English	49,455	1,885	44,640	150
French	30,085	5,555	21,765	210
Non-official language	1,100	45	285	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,020	45	205	0
English and French	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	275	0	120	0
French and non-official language	170	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	215,680	24,105	169,320	1,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	45,425	4,495	37,015	240
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	47,370	6,330	36,855	300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	122,890	13,280	95,445	580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	26,480	1,920	22,835	140
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	18,360	1,270	15,985	120
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	8,115	650	6,850	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	37,615	4,965	29,455	215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	9,495	870	7,335	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	49,295	5,525	35,820	215
Bachelor's degree	30,325	3,410	22,875	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,835	540	3,290	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	685	100	440	0
Master's degree	11,500	1,305	7,915	35
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	1,950	170	1,295	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	122,885	13,275	95,450	585
Education	9,105	635	7,550	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,120	515	3,270	30
Humanities	8,380	1,185	6,365	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	16,430	2,310	11,840	85
Business, management and public administration	30,565	2,865	24,345	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,230	595	3,000	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,415	920	5,415	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,920	2,070	15,450	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,770	200	1,330	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	13,415	1,385	10,540	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,515	585	6,320	30
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	25	0	25	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	122,885	13,275	95,445	585
Inside Canada	113,280	12,340	92,945	560
Newfoundland and Labrador	100	95	0	0
Prince Edward Island	90	65	15	0
Nova Scotia	430	220	185	0
New Brunswick	1,115	210	875	0
Quebec	75,080	4,105	66,695	320
Ontario	35,300	7,085	24,740	235
Manitoba	260	100	95	0
Saskatchewan	160	70	65	0
Alberta	455	250	150	0
British Columbia	275	145	95	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	20	0	20	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	9,605	940	2,505	20
Total population in private households by visible minority	261,665	29,645	205,510	1,655
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	26,930	2,955	8,120	55
South Asian^Footnote 79	790	240	85	0
Chinese	2,030	150	405	0
Black	10,165	1,330	5,185	35
Filipino	420	120	55	0
Latin American	3,850	150	295	0
Arab	6,460	510	1,205	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	1,310	100	435	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	590	55	20	0
Korean	220	15	35	0
Japanese	250	40	85	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	320	90	155	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	525	155	150	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	234,735	26,690	197,395	1,600
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	261,665	29,650	205,515	1,655
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	166,875	11,780	133,200	655
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	94,785	17,860	72,315	1,000
Canadian - Total responses	156,670	12,785	142,295	980
Canadian - Single responses	95,195	5,370	89,165	450
Canadian - Multiple responses	61,475	7,415	53,135	530
English - Total responses	14,660	8,385	5,910	330
English - Single responses	1,490	1,060	425	0
English - Multiple responses	13,170	7,320	5,485	330
French - Total responses	92,760	8,215	83,315	850
French - Single responses	27,340	385	26,885	55
French - Multiple responses	65,420	7,830	56,430	795
Scottish - Total responses	10,405	5,560	4,615	205
Scottish - Single responses	950	455	495	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	9,455	5,105	4,120	200
Irish - Total responses	22,365	8,060	13,935	335
Irish - Single responses	2,805	850	1,920	45
Irish - Multiple responses	19,550	7,215	12,020	285
German - Total responses	7,445	2,745	3,980	140
German - Single responses	880	220	430	0
German - Multiple responses	6,565	2,520	3,550	140
Italian - Total responses	5,280	1,055	3,400	65
Italian - Single responses	950	85	455	0
Italian - Multiple responses	4,335	970	2,945	70
Chinese - Total responses	2,295	225	530	0
Chinese - Single responses	1,885	110	365	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	415	115	165	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	16,490	1,820	14,385	185
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	3,180	355	2,740	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	13,315	1,465	11,650	170
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,310	710	385	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	195	105	30	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,115	605	355	0
East Indian - Total responses	610	290	195	0
East Indian - Single responses	190	95	15	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	420	195	180	0
Dutch - Total responses	1,580	795	575	20
Dutch - Single responses	320	145	60	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,260	650	515	25
Polish - Total responses	2,140	955	715	25
Polish - Single responses	580	135	105	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,560	820	615	25
Filipino - Total responses	450	125	70	0
Filipino - Single responses	285	80	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	160	50	55	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	1,350	1,005	320	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	160	120	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	1,195	885	285	25
Russian - Total responses	880	290	240	0
Russian - Single responses	190	0	50	0
Russian - Multiple responses	690	280	200	0
Welsh - Total responses	750	655	65	20
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	740	645	65	25
Norwegian - Total responses	570	270	285	0
Norwegian - Single responses	35	0	15	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	535	265	265	0
Métis - Total responses	3,530	630	2,825	60
Métis - Single responses	790	125	655	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,740	505	2,170	45
Portuguese - Total responses	3,695	260	1,255	0
Portuguese - Single responses	2,450	105	385	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,250	160	870	0
American - Total responses	1,795	545	1,205	0
American - Single responses	175	55	110	0
American - Multiple responses	1,620	495	1,100	0
Spanish - Total responses	2,395	210	960	0
Spanish - Single responses	520	0	120	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,875	205	840	0
Swedish - Total responses	385	185	170	0
Swedish - Single responses	25	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	360	180	155	0
Hungarian - Total responses	665	285	220	0
Hungarian - Single responses	115	30	25	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	550	250	190	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	215,685	24,100	169,315	1,125
Without income	10,250	1,320	7,230	80
With income	205,430	22,780	162,090	1,045
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	15,640	2,150	11,100	120
$5,000 to $9,999	13,870	1,570	10,420	100
$10,000 to $14,999	17,925	1,835	13,950	105
$15,000 to $19,999	17,290	1,855	13,745	70
$20,000 to $29,999	24,535	2,500	19,220	70
$30,000 to $39,999	24,000	2,505	19,090	175
$40,000 to $49,999	22,880	2,655	18,270	130
$50,000 to $59,999	21,635	2,250	17,780	85
$60,000 to $79,999	25,575	2,700	20,685	130
$80,000 to $99,999	11,955	1,480	9,630	35
$100,000 and over	10,130	1,270	8,200	25
$100,000 to $124,999	6,000	725	4,890	20
$125,000 and over	4,130	545	3,305	0
Median income $^Footnote 93	35,647	36,359	36,481	32,341
Average income $^Footnote 94	41,649	42,220	42,414	35,050
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	215,685	24,105	169,320	1,125
Without after-tax income	10,235	1,315	7,235	80
With after-tax income	205,445	22,785	162,085	1,045
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	16,195	2,245	11,530	115
$5,000 to $9,999	14,315	1,595	10,850	105
$10,000 to $14,999	18,405	1,935	14,230	115
$15,000 to $19,999	18,845	2,120	14,935	75
$20,000 to $29,999	30,990	2,935	24,715	155
$30,000 to $39,999	32,210	3,645	25,450	190
$40,000 to $49,999	29,945	3,225	24,360	115
$50,000 to $59,999	19,305	2,000	15,675	105
$60,000 to $79,999	17,860	2,110	14,385	65
$80,000 to $99,999	4,640	625	3,790	0
$100,000 and over	2,735	365	2,170	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	31,132	31,416	31,792	28,177
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	34,034	34,388	34,582	29,388
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	215,685	24,100	169,320	1,125
With employment income	155,480	17,455	122,730	780
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	38,217	39,215	38,958	31,034
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	42,872	44,245	43,299	34,994
With wages and salaries	147,340	16,675	116,470	745
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	39,526	39,841	40,111	32,272
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	43,098	43,945	43,562	35,103
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	151,070	17,270	118,015	745
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	86,215	10,000	67,995	395
All others^Footnote 105	64,850	7,275	50,025	355

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.