Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Rouyn-Noranda, V
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 30.3 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	39,990	730	38,820	90
0 to 4 years	2,325	15	2,305	0
5 to 9 years	1,990	50	1,935	0
10 to 14 years	2,305	30	2,265	0
15 to 19 years	2,810	15	2,790	0
20 to 24 years	2,790	35	2,690	0
25 to 29 years	2,615	40	2,540	0
30 to 34 years	2,525	20	2,480	0
35 to 39 years	2,270	30	2,210	0
40 to 44 years	2,580	75	2,455	20
45 to 49 years	3,275	80	3,140	0
50 to 54 years	3,605	95	3,485	0
55 to 59 years	3,115	55	3,030	0
60 to 64 years	2,555	65	2,470	0
65 to 69 years	2,010	30	1,970	10
70 to 74 years	1,250	30	1,200	0
75 to 79 years	980	40	920	0
80 to 84 years	485	0	475	0
85 years and over	515	25	470	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.8	47.8	40.4	56.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	33,370	640	32,315	90
Married or living with a common-law partner	19,980	390	19,405	45
Married (and not separated)	10,495	295	10,070	25
Living common law	9,480	95	9,340	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	13,390	250	12,905	45
Single (never legally married)	9,135	115	8,865	15
Separated	540	0	520	0
Divorced	2,135	80	2,020	0
Widowed	1,585	40	1,500	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	39,990	730	38,820	90
English	805	715	0	0
French	39,070	0	38,820	70
English and French	90	0	0	15
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	39,990	725	38,820	90
English only	155	105	0	0
French only	27,150	0	27,070	0
English and French	12,665	610	11,750	90
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	39,990	730	38,820	90
Single responses	39,885	690	38,785	75
English	550	390	105	0
French	39,180	300	38,670	70
Non-official languages	150	0	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	120	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	30	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	40	30	15
English and French	85	40	30	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	39,990	730	38,820	85
None	37,795	395	37,225	50
English	1,675	180	1,435	35
French	285	150	80	0
Non-official language	135	0	60	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	0	55	0
English and French	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	995	35	630	0
Aboriginal languages	30	0	0	0
Algonquin	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	970	30	620	0
Italian	40	0	20	0
Portuguese	40	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	0	0
Spanish	555	25	495	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	50	0	35	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	0	40	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	50	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	39,540	730	38,375	90
Non-movers	34,280	700	33,225	85
Movers	5,265	35	5,155	0
Non-migrants	3,990	20	3,935	0
Migrants	1,280	0	1,215	0
Internal migrants	1,210	0	1,180	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,040	0	1,015	0
Interprovincial migrants	170	0	165	0
External migrants	60	0	30	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	37,665	715	36,515	90
Non-movers	23,555	495	22,795	65
Movers	14,110	225	13,720	0
Non-migrants	10,190	175	9,970	0
Migrants	3,925	50	3,755	0
Internal migrants	3,750	50	3,660	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,465	25	3,410	0
Interprovincial migrants	285	25	245	0
External migrants	175	0	95	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	39,985	725	38,820	90
Canadian citizens	39,750	720	38,710	85
Canadian citizens only	39,695	715	38,680	90
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	55	0	30	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	240	10	115	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	39,985	730	38,820	90
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	39,460	695	38,575	90
Born in province of residence	37,965	430	37,395	45
Born outside province of residence	1,490	265	1,185	45
Immigrants^Footnote 19	435	30	215	0
Americas	75	0	50	0
United States	35	0	35	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	170	20	70	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	35	0	30	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	0	35	0
Africa	135	0	55	0
Morocco	70	0	30	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	0	25	0
Asia	55	0	35	0
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 21	10	0	15	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	95	0	30	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	150	0	95	0
Americas	0	0	0	0
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	0	30	0
France	20	0	20	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	95	0	45	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	60	0	30	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	20	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	39,985	730	38,820	85
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	39,460	695	38,575	90
Immigrants^Footnote 40	440	30	215	0
Before 1971	95	20	35	0
1971 to 1980	0	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	45	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	60	0	30	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	235	0	140	0
2001 to 2005	90	0	45	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	150	0	90	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	90	0	30	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	39,985	730	38,815	90
First generation^Footnote 45	540	35	250	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	755	95	600	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	38,695	600	37,970	85
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	39,990	730	38,820	90
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	775	40	700	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	350	30	305	0
Métis single identity	355	10	330	15
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	35	0	35	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	39,215	685	38,120	75
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	39,990	730	38,820	90
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	180	20	145	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	39,805	710	38,670	85
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	33,370	635	32,310	90
In the labour force	21,785	360	21,160	45
Employed	20,480	355	19,875	40
Unemployed	1,310	0	1,280	0
Not in the labour force	11,585	280	11,155	40
Participation rate	65.3	56.7	65.5	50.0
Employment rate	61.4	55.9	61.5	44.4
Unemployment rate	6.0	0.0	6.0	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	21,790	360	21,160	50
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	295	0	280	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	21,495	355	20,875	40
Employee	20,280	305	19,725	40
Self-employed	1,215	50	1,155	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	545	25	520	0
Without paid help	160	0	145	0
With paid help	385	20	370	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	655	20	625	0
Without paid help	540	20	515	0
With paid help	115	0	115	0
Unpaid family worker	0	0	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	21,790	360	21,160	45
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	290	0	280	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	21,495	355	20,880	40
0 Management occupations	1,580	30	1,525	0
00 Senior management occupations	225	0	220	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	590	0	560	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	470	0	460	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	295	0	285	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,290	40	3,240	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	490	0	480	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,235	10	1,225	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	185	0	175	0
14 Office support occupations	965	0	950	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	420	0	405	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,570	20	1,535	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	605	0	585	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	970	15	945	0
3 Health occupations	1,235	0	1,220	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	355	0	355	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	240	0	240	0
32 Technical occupations in health	290	0	280	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	345	0	345	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,895	100	2,725	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,095	55	995	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	580	15	555	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	880	35	850	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	90	0	90	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	235	0	235	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	270	0	265	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	60	0	60	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	0	210	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,920	90	4,755	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	360	0	345	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	575	0	555	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,000	25	960	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	940	25	895	0
66 Sales support occupations	870	0	850	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,175	15	1,150	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,890	50	3,805	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,280	0	1,260	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,015	20	990	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	360	0	350	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	990	0	965	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	245	0	240	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,125	20	1,095	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	915	0	895	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	0	135	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	75	0	70	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	720	0	705	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	265	0	250	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	230	0	225	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	30	0	30	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	200	0	205	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	21,790	365	21,160	50
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	295	0	285	0
All industries^Footnote 61	21,495	355	20,875	40
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	0	100	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,155	20	2,130	0
22 Utilities	660	0	640	0
23 Construction	1,610	50	1,550	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,055	0	1,040	0
41 Wholesale trade	625	25	595	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,920	25	2,875	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	810	10	800	0
51 Information and cultural industries	200	0	195	0
52 Finance and insurance	480	0	465	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	220	0	205	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	25	960	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	30	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	935	15	910	0
61 Educational services	1,775	80	1,630	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,440	0	2,405	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	245	0	245	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,290	15	1,235	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,165	20	1,135	0
91 Public administration	1,775	25	1,730	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	20,485	355	19,875	40
Usual place of work	18,110	305	17,600	25
Work in CSD of residence	17,065	285	16,585	20
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	0	0	0	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	930	15	910	0
Work in a different province	110	0	105	0
Worked at home	605	20	585	0
Worked outside Canada	55	0	50	0
No fixed workplace address	1,720	30	1,640	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	19,825	340	19,245	40
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,975	275	15,545	40
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,045	40	995	0
Public transit	315	0	305	0
Walked	1,775	15	1,695	0
Bicycle	190	0	190	0
Other methods	520	0	520	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	23,485	390	22,795	45
English	400	105	265	0
French	22,770	265	22,295	35
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	280	25	235	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	23,480	395	22,795	45
None	19,190	220	18,770	15
English	4,020	110	3,835	20
French	250	60	175	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	33,370	640	32,310	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,745	185	8,500	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	6,815	130	6,585	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	17,810	325	17,225	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	5,970	60	5,855	35
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	4,315	50	4,225	30
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	1,655	0	1,625	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,715	110	5,555	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	1,350	40	1,275	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,775	115	4,535	0
Bachelor's degree	3,595	85	3,465	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	0	410	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	0	90	0
Master's degree	595	20	525	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	70	0	55	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	17,810	325	17,220	65
Education	1,665	60	1,580	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	325	0	325	0
Humanities	885	25	845	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,310	15	1,290	0
Business, management and public administration	4,070	80	3,940	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	15	505	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	0	270	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,400	90	5,225	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	475	0	465	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	1,815	20	1,765	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,035	20	1,010	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	17,810	320	17,225	65
Inside Canada	17,670	305	17,155	65
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	25	0	0	0
New Brunswick	0	0	0	0
Quebec	16,995	225	16,585	55
Ontario	625	50	555	0
Manitoba	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	0	0	0	0
British Columbia	0	0	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	140	15	70	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	39,990	730	38,820	90
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	370	15	190	0
South Asian^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Chinese	45	0	15	0
Black	155	10	115	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	20	0	0	0
Arab	135	0	55	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	39,620	720	38,630	90
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	39,990	730	38,820	90
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	28,335	285	27,750	35
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	11,655	440	11,070	55
Canadian - Total responses	30,225	290	29,855	55
Canadian - Single responses	20,970	125	20,830	15
Canadian - Multiple responses	9,255	170	9,020	45
English - Total responses	735	200	530	0
English - Single responses	65	30	35	0
English - Multiple responses	680	170	500	0
French - Total responses	13,445	225	13,150	40
French - Single responses	4,325	30	4,290	0
French - Multiple responses	9,125	200	8,855	30
Scottish - Total responses	810	95	705	0
Scottish - Single responses	165	20	145	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	645	80	560	0
Irish - Total responses	2,360	215	2,130	10
Irish - Single responses	485	40	445	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,870	170	1,690	10
German - Total responses	475	65	405	0
German - Single responses	70	0	55	0
German - Multiple responses	405	60	345	0
Italian - Total responses	385	35	300	0
Italian - Single responses	115	0	85	0
Italian - Multiple responses	265	30	215	0
Chinese - Total responses	45	0	10	0
Chinese - Single responses	45	0	15	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,160	60	2,085	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	385	0	365	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,780	50	1,715	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	190	40	140	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	140	0	125	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	50	30	15	0
East Indian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	85	0	70	0
Dutch - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	80	0	65	0
Polish - Total responses	345	65	225	0
Polish - Single responses	55	0	35	0
Polish - Multiple responses	285	60	195	0
Filipino - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	85	55	25	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	80	55	25	0
Russian - Total responses	70	25	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	55	25	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Total responses	210	20	180	0
Métis - Single responses	35	0	20	0
Métis - Multiple responses	175	0	160	0
Portuguese - Total responses	70	0	60	0
Portuguese - Single responses	40	0	25	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	35	0	35	0
American - Total responses	135	15	115	0
American - Single responses	20	0	20	0
American - Multiple responses	115	0	95	0
Spanish - Total responses	65	0	45	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	60	0	45	0
Swedish - Total responses	45	0	40	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	40	0	40	0
Hungarian - Total responses	40	0	20	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	20	0	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	33,370	640	32,310	90
Without income	1,280	35	1,245	0
With income	32,095	610	31,065	85
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	2,525	45	2,430	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,470	65	2,355	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	3,155	45	3,060	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,555	50	3,450	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,245	115	4,085	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,310	50	4,215	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,460	65	3,370	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,390	30	2,300	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	3,055	70	2,940	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,355	0	1,330	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,575	40	1,525	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	995	25	970	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	575	20	550	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	30,115	27,389	30,194	20,729
Average income $^Footnote 94	39,099	37,810	39,190	36,229
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	33,375	640	32,315	90
Without after-tax income	1,300	35	1,265	0
With after-tax income	32,070	605	31,045	85
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	2,525	50	2,425	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,555	65	2,445	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	3,175	40	3,085	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,975	65	3,850	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,465	125	5,295	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,220	80	5,095	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,460	60	3,330	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,420	60	2,345	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	2,245	30	2,190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	660	30	625	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	370	0	360	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	27,005	26,763	27,116	20,729
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	32,047	31,290	32,112	32,020
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	33,370	640	32,310	90
With employment income	23,070	390	22,420	45
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	32,100	25,072	32,108	46,257
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	41,086	38,164	41,124	48,076
With wages and salaries	22,235	375	21,620	45
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	32,642	26,536	32,659	54,304
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	39,498	38,867	39,549	48,965
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	21,790	360	21,160	45
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	11,770	150	11,495	30
All others^Footnote 105	10,020	210	9,665	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.