Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Pickering, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 25.6 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	87,920	70,820	1,350	55
0 to 4 years	4,050	3,710	30	0
5 to 9 years	4,945	4,465	90	0
10 to 14 years	6,175	5,690	75	0
15 to 19 years	7,305	6,690	95	0
20 to 24 years	6,405	5,730	40	0
25 to 29 years	4,890	3,975	70	0
30 to 34 years	4,525	3,590	40	0
35 to 39 years	5,130	3,820	100	0
40 to 44 years	6,535	4,630	145	0
45 to 49 years	8,320	6,455	120	0
50 to 54 years	7,905	5,890	135	0
55 to 59 years	6,595	4,860	155	0
60 to 64 years	5,415	4,245	80	0
65 to 69 years	3,560	2,780	70	0
70 to 74 years	2,335	1,640	40	0
75 to 79 years	1,970	1,380	25	0
80 to 84 years	1,010	690	30	0
85 years and over	850	565	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.4	37.1	44.6	44.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	72,755	56,955	1,150	40
Married or living with a common-law partner	42,095	30,575	780	0
Married (and not separated)	37,815	26,980	650	0
Living common law	4,280	3,595	130	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	30,665	26,375	370	30
Single (never legally married)	21,900	19,545	225	0
Separated	1,765	1,380	30	0
Divorced	3,845	3,150	60	0
Widowed	3,155	2,305	50	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	87,915	70,820	1,350	55
English	85,740	70,815	75	25
French	1,305	0	1,275	0
English and French	245	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	625	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	87,920	70,820	1,350	55
English only	81,210	66,980	75	0
French only	20	0	25	0
English and French	6,050	3,835	1,250	45
Neither English nor French	630	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	87,915	70,820	1,350	50
Single responses	85,350	69,845	1,270	35
English	78,595	69,480	895	25
French	405	0	365	0
Non-official languages	6,350	355	15	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	5,655	320	0	0
Arabic	325	10	0	0
Bengali	70	10	0	0
Cantonese	265	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	195	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	25	0	0	0
Greek	140	0	0	0
Gujarati	100	0	0	0
Hindi	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	0	0	0
Italian	310	0	0	0
Korean	115	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	205	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	525	35	0	0
Polish	355	45	0	0
Portuguese	180	0	0	0
Romanian	245	0	0	0
Russian	100	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	295	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	410	40	0	0
Tamil	630	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	0	0	0
Urdu	885	50	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	695	35	0	0
Multiple responses	2,570	975	85	0
English and French	120	60	40	0
English and non-official language	2,435	910	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	87,920	70,820	1,350	55
None	76,485	67,690	670	45
English	3,715	185	245	0
French	760	375	370	0
Non-official language	6,855	2,540	45	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,855	2,535	40	0
English and French	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	0	10	0
French and non-official language	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	21,240	5,895	225	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,240	5,890	225	0
Italian	2,090	805	15	0
Portuguese	625	70	0	0
Romanian	440	15	0	0
Spanish	1,320	425	35	0
Dutch	265	40	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	1,230	250	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	25	0	0
Swedish	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	65	55	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	0	0	0
Croatian	115	60	0	0
Czech	140	0	0	0
Macedonian	790	210	0	0
Polish	750	110	0	0
Russian	255	75	0	0
Serbian	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	0	0	0
Latvian	55	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,265	485	0	0
Armenian	115	20	0	0
Albanian	105	0	0	0
Estonian	65	0	0	0
Finnish	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	60	0	0
Turkish	50	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	35	0	0	0
Arabic	985	285	15	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	70	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	170	75	0	0
Gujarati	600	195	0	0
Hindi	1,195	375	0	0
Konkani	120	90	0	0
Marathi	60	25	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	890	160	0	0
Sindhi	160	25	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	260	85	0	0
Urdu	1,895	555	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	0	0	0
Pashto	55	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	900	185	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	0	0	0
Tamil	1,380	320	0	0
Telugu	25	0	0	0
Japanese	60	30	0	0
Korean	235	60	0	0
Cantonese	655	115	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	70	0	0	0
Mandarin	325	65	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	445	55	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	25	0	0
Bisayan languages	100	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	0	0
Malay	135	25	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,715	435	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	145	35	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	60	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	130	85	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	30	0	0	0
Creoles	325	175	105	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	195	100	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	87,240	70,225	1,340	50
Non-movers	81,220	65,525	1,230	45
Movers	6,020	4,705	110	0
Non-migrants	2,570	2,220	45	0
Migrants	3,450	2,480	65	0
Internal migrants	3,100	2,300	45	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,995	2,205	45	0
Interprovincial migrants	105	95	0	0
External migrants	355	180	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	83,875	67,115	1,320	55
Non-movers	62,320	50,905	975	15
Movers	21,555	16,205	345	40
Non-migrants	8,665	7,155	90	0
Migrants	12,885	9,055	255	0
Internal migrants	11,400	8,400	230	0
Intraprovincial migrants	11,145	8,225	210	0
Interprovincial migrants	255	180	20	0
External migrants	1,480	650	25	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	87,920	70,820	1,350	55
Canadian citizens	84,390	68,995	1,305	55
Canadian citizens only	80,985	67,225	1,270	50
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,405	1,770	30	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	3,525	1,825	50	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	87,915	70,820	1,350	55
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	60,145	55,960	1,010	50
Born in province of residence	55,065	51,620	500	0
Born outside province of residence	5,080	4,340	505	0
Immigrants^Footnote 19	27,430	14,665	345	0
Americas	8,635	7,845	140	0
United States	710	685	0	0
Jamaica	2,600	2,600	0	0
Guyana	2,190	2,180	0	0
Haiti	125	45	80	0
Mexico	85	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,440	1,425	0	0
Colombia	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	80	0	0	0
Peru	75	0	0	0
Chile	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,240	920	40	0
Europe	8,490	3,980	70	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	3,445	3,360	0	0
Italy	860	105	0	0
Germany	670	60	0	0
Poland	465	55	0	0
Portugal	340	0	0	0
Netherlands	200	30	0	0
France	35	0	25	0
Romania	430	0	0	0
Russian Federation	110	35	0	0
Greece	530	40	0	0
Ukraine	85	0	0	0
Croatia	35	0	0	0
Hungary	105	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	0	0	0
Serbia	70	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	175	180	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	890	65	20	0
Africa	1,510	670	120	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	230	45	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	145	0	0
Nigeria	225	155	0	0
Ethiopia	30	0	0	0
Kenya	295	105	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	565	210	115	0
Asia	8,700	2,100	15	0
India	1,630	570	0	0
China^Footnote 21	325	15	0	0
Philippines	1,775	545	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	365	15	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	55	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,115	245	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,195	235	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	200	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	205	30	0	0
Lebanon	165	45	0	0
Taiwan	20	0	0	0
Iraq	125	0	0	0
Bangladesh	100	40	0	0
Afghanistan	450	35	0	0
Japan	25	0	0	0
Turkey	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	905	295	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	90	70	0	0
Fiji	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	65	60	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	345	195	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	1,610	775	30	0
Americas	475	405	0	0
United States	100	100	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	150	150	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	100	105	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	0	0
Europe	170	55	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	55	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	40	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	0	0
Africa	180	90	0	0
Nigeria	60	45	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	45	0	0
Asia	775	210	0	0
Philippines	265	100	0	0
China^Footnote 32	30	0	0	0
India	100	15	0	0
Pakistan	95	30	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	65	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	50	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	15	15	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	87,915	70,820	1,350	50
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	60,145	55,960	1,005	45
Immigrants^Footnote 40	27,430	14,670	345	0
Before 1971	6,185	3,370	30	0
1971 to 1980	6,125	4,275	95	0
1981 to 1990	5,175	2,710	30	0
1991 to 2000	5,730	2,610	140	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	4,210	1,700	45	0
2001 to 2005	2,600	925	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	1,610	775	30	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	345	190	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	87,920	70,820	1,350	50
First generation^Footnote 45	27,975	15,030	345	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	26,895	23,605	225	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	33,050	32,180	780	20
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	87,915	70,820	1,350	55
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	850	815	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	565	545	0	0
Métis single identity	215	190	20	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	60	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	87,065	70,005	1,320	45
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	87,915	70,815	1,350	55
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	265	260	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	87,650	70,555	1,350	55
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	72,755	56,950	1,150	40
In the labour force	50,775	39,765	780	20
Employed	46,530	36,350	735	0
Unemployed	4,245	3,415	45	0
Not in the labour force	21,980	17,185	370	0
Participation rate	69.8	69.8	67.8	50.0
Employment rate	64.0	63.8	63.9	0.0
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.6	5.8	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	50,775	39,765	780	25
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	1,625	1,285	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	49,150	38,485	780	20
Employee	44,725	35,450	700	20
Self-employed	4,425	3,035	75	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,415	900	35	0
Without paid help	580	355	0	0
With paid help	840	540	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,935	2,100	45	0
Without paid help	2,050	1,520	40	0
With paid help	880	580	0	0
Unpaid family worker	70	40	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	50,770	39,770	780	25
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	1,625	1,280	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	49,150	38,485	775	25
0 Management occupations	6,510	5,040	145	0
00 Senior management occupations	620	520	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,965	2,335	60	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,810	1,225	70	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,105	965	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,245	7,960	160	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,955	1,425	20	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,365	2,580	85	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	850	690	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,845	2,290	15	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,235	980	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,500	2,430	60	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,150	1,440	35	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,355	990	25	0
3 Health occupations	2,390	1,860	35	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	755	610	15	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	450	340	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	675	465	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	515	445	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,765	4,650	105	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,890	1,505	70	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,285	1,015	15	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,315	1,105	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	575	520	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	705	505	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,830	1,535	35	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	460	375	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,365	1,165	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,675	8,395	170	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,350	1,015	40	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,165	810	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	2,635	2,195	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,330	1,890	65	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,350	1,090	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,845	1,395	15	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,875	4,800	50	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,060	1,620	20	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,340	1,130	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	830	710	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,305	1,070	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	340	260	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	540	460	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	45	35	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	100	80	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	400	350	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,815	1,350	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	405	310	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	460	310	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	475	355	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	465	365	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	50,770	39,765	780	25
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	1,625	1,285	0	0
All industries^Footnote 61	49,150	38,480	780	25
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	160	140	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	80	0	0
22 Utilities	980	700	20	0
23 Construction	3,030	2,440	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,850	2,905	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,160	2,420	105	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,360	4,280	60	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,100	1,715	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,055	1,685	35	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,935	3,770	120	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,110	795	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,950	2,980	40	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	45	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,270	1,720	30	0
61 Educational services	3,265	2,625	110	0
62 Health care and social assistance	4,485	3,525	70	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,180	1,005	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,585	1,950	30	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,750	1,345	20	0
91 Public administration	2,745	2,365	40	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	46,525	36,350	740	0
Usual place of work	38,370	30,025	610	0
Work in CSD of residence	7,875	6,550	75	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,350	3,510	60	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	26,075	19,900	475	0
Work in a different province	65	65	0	0
Worked at home	3,035	2,250	85	0
Worked outside Canada	115	75	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,015	3,995	35	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	43,385	34,025	645	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	33,490	26,215	535	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,660	2,155	25	0
Public transit	5,545	4,265	80	0
Walked	1,180	980	0	0
Bicycle	75	75	0	0
Other methods	425	330	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	52,715	41,370	830	25
English	51,900	41,255	585	0
French	215	25	145	0
Non-official language	230	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	230	0	0	0
English and French	235	60	95	0
English and non-official language	130	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	52,710	41,370	830	30
None	51,190	40,875	540	0
English	195	20	90	0
French	605	320	195	0
Non-official language	685	140	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	685	140	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	72,755	56,955	1,150	35
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,360	8,225	120	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	21,760	18,235	325	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	40,635	30,495	705	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	5,000	3,820	100	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	2,580	1,950	40	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	2,420	1,865	65	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,325	13,130	235	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	3,560	2,525	55	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,750	11,020	310	0
Bachelor's degree	10,455	7,525	190	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,165	1,530	55	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	395	255	0	0
Master's degree	2,350	1,450	55	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	385	255	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	40,640	30,495	705	0
Education	2,235	1,745	65	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,695	1,380	30	0
Humanities	2,570	2,050	30	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,195	4,145	60	0
Business, management and public administration	10,335	7,645	210	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,540	1,000	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,205	1,555	55	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,330	5,110	105	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	465	370	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	5,065	3,900	80	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,990	1,595	55	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	40,640	30,495	705	0
Inside Canada	32,810	27,020	595	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	185	160	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	170	135	0	0
New Brunswick	120	90	35	0
Quebec	690	455	85	0
Ontario	31,125	25,765	465	0
Manitoba	135	95	0	0
Saskatchewan	30	25	0	0
Alberta	245	200	0	0
British Columbia	105	90	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	7,825	3,475	115	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	87,920	70,815	1,350	50
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	31,130	21,840	400	35
South Asian^Footnote 79	9,690	5,655	40	0
Chinese	2,025	905	0	0
Black	10,050	9,460	360	30
Filipino	2,910	1,605	0	0
Latin American	785	330	0	0
Arab	835	290	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	625	415	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	830	195	0	0
Korean	285	95	0	0
Japanese	255	225	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	1,430	1,425	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	1,410	1,230	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	56,785	48,985	950	0
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	87,915	70,820	1,350	50
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	47,570	33,685	750	40
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	40,350	37,135	605	0
Canadian - Total responses	18,515	17,805	370	0
Canadian - Single responses	7,370	7,155	175	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	11,145	10,650	195	0
English - Total responses	22,205	21,910	160	0
English - Single responses	4,775	4,760	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,435	17,150	155	0
French - Total responses	5,415	4,585	700	20
French - Single responses	440	150	290	0
French - Multiple responses	4,970	4,440	415	0
Scottish - Total responses	14,485	14,375	85	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,160	2,160	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	12,325	12,215	85	0
Irish - Total responses	13,950	13,845	85	0
Irish - Single responses	1,580	1,580	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	12,370	12,265	85	0
German - Total responses	6,820	5,690	25	0
German - Single responses	1,365	585	0	0
German - Multiple responses	5,455	5,105	0	0
Italian - Total responses	6,065	4,695	20	0
Italian - Single responses	2,735	1,515	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	3,325	3,180	15	0
Chinese - Total responses	3,115	1,750	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	1,605	470	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,510	1,285	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,255	1,170	80	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	70	65	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,190	1,105	80	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,880	1,660	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	285	150	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,595	1,510	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	8,075	5,640	30	0
East Indian - Single responses	4,885	2,995	10	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	3,190	2,645	25	0
Dutch - Total responses	3,040	2,735	15	0
Dutch - Single responses	710	540	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,335	2,200	15	0
Polish - Total responses	2,235	1,620	0	0
Polish - Single responses	730	230	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,505	1,390	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	3,105	1,770	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	2,260	1,185	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	840	585	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	2,080	2,070	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	390	390	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	1,695	1,685	0	0
Russian - Total responses	680	500	0	0
Russian - Single responses	95	30	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	585	465	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,720	1,700	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	60	55	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,655	1,645	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	440	435	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	430	420	0	0
Métis - Total responses	280	250	30	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	270	250	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	2,550	1,990	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	795	280	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,755	1,710	0	0
American - Total responses	900	865	0	0
American - Single responses	40	35	0	0
American - Multiple responses	865	830	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	1,385	925	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	150	65	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,245	860	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	410	385	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	390	380	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	700	475	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	210	45	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	485	435	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	72,755	56,955	1,150	35
Without income	4,800	4,150	75	0
With income	67,960	52,805	1,075	40
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	8,320	6,835	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,770	3,905	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	4,760	3,680	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,025	3,735	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	7,825	5,770	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,975	5,295	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,045	4,675	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,810	4,700	120	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	7,660	5,830	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	4,905	3,770	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	5,865	4,630	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	2,750	2,180	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	3,110	2,440	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	34,548	34,529	48,998	21,161
Average income $^Footnote 94	47,384	47,646	63,330	30,348
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	72,755	56,950	1,150	35
Without after-tax income	4,815	4,160	75	0
With after-tax income	67,940	52,795	1,075	40
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	8,460	6,950	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,920	3,985	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	4,865	3,835	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,585	4,065	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,960	6,730	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,230	6,245	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,970	6,330	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,895	4,525	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	7,610	5,835	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,825	2,210	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,620	2,090	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	31,261	31,110	42,509	21,161
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	38,654	38,678	50,535	26,386
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	72,755	56,955	1,150	40
With employment income	51,895	40,605	845	25
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	38,453	37,751	51,147	122
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	50,036	49,951	67,548	32,188
With wages and salaries	48,380	38,160	775	20
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	40,360	39,625	53,513	122
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	51,348	51,059	70,268	32,188
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	50,775	39,765	785	25
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	29,365	22,560	550	0
All others^Footnote 105	21,410	17,205	235	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.