Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Ajax, T
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 27.6 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	109,220	86,140	1,715	120
0 to 4 years	7,320	6,520	80	15
5 to 9 years	7,295	6,490	80	15
10 to 14 years	8,060	7,110	105	0
15 to 19 years	9,030	8,045	100	20
20 to 24 years	7,410	6,270	40	0
25 to 29 years	6,540	5,220	75	0
30 to 34 years	7,390	5,415	185	0
35 to 39 years	8,110	5,730	190	0
40 to 44 years	8,640	6,360	115	0
45 to 49 years	9,895	7,255	195	0
50 to 54 years	8,855	6,915	140	0
55 to 59 years	6,440	4,820	105	0
60 to 64 years	5,050	3,795	120	0
65 to 69 years	3,245	2,335	45	0
70 to 74 years	2,320	1,445	50	0
75 to 79 years	1,775	1,120	40	0
80 to 84 years	1,015	695	30	0
85 years and over	825	610	20	0
Median age^Footnote 3	35.9	33.3	39.8	20.3
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	86,545	66,025	1,450	85
Married or living with a common-law partner	51,405	36,155	945	40
Married (and not separated)	46,040	31,450	800	40
Living common law	5,370	4,705	140	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	35,135	29,865	505	45
Single (never legally married)	25,660	22,380	275	30
Separated	2,350	1,945	55	0
Divorced	4,085	3,490	100	0
Widowed	3,045	2,045	65	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	109,220	86,140	1,715	120
English	106,130	86,135	95	85
French	1,690	0	1,620	0
English and French	375	0	0	20
Neither English nor French	1,030	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	109,220	86,140	1,720	125
English only	100,315	81,210	95	15
French only	85	0	80	0
English and French	7,720	4,870	1,545	110
Neither English nor French	1,100	55	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	109,220	86,140	1,715	120
Single responses	104,870	84,455	1,660	105
English	93,690	83,490	775	90
French	1,045	120	880	0
Non-official languages	10,135	850	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	9,005	755	0	0
Arabic	405	40	0	0
Bengali	200	0	0	0
Cantonese	390	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	210	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	0	0
German	80	0	0	0
Greek	205	0	0	0
Gujarati	370	65	0	0
Hindi	530	100	0	0
Hungarian	50	0	0	0
Italian	110	0	0	0
Korean	75	0	0	0
Mandarin	240	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	295	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	800	0	0	0
Polish	185	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	0	0	0
Romanian	195	0	0	0
Russian	95	0	0	0
Serbian	115	0	0	0
Spanish	410	45	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	860	135	0	0
Tamil	1,525	80	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	1,360	165	0	0
Vietnamese	140	30	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	1,130	95	0	0
Multiple responses	4,350	1,680	55	20
English and French	70	25	20	20
English and non-official language	4,190	1,630	0	0
French and non-official language	50	0	35	0
English, French and non-official language	35	25	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	109,220	86,140	1,715	125
None	94,650	82,590	755	75
English	5,370	490	495	0
French	1,080	625	335	20
Non-official language	7,820	2,385	90	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,815	2,385	85	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	170	0	40	0
French and non-official language	120	50	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	27,705	6,805	325	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,700	6,805	325	25
Italian	1,505	440	0	0
Portuguese	735	175	0	0
Romanian	325	55	0	0
Spanish	1,590	565	35	0
Dutch	250	60	0	0
Flemish	15	0	0	0
German	1,085	305	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	50	0	0	0
Afrikaans	55	30	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	0	0	0
Croatian	70	15	0	0
Czech	70	0	0	0
Macedonian	490	70	0	0
Polish	565	60	0	0
Russian	200	0	0	0
Serbian	150	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	65	0	0	0
Slovak	65	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	0	0
Latvian	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,015	325	0	0
Armenian	90	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	60	0	0	0
Finnish	40	15	0	0
Hungarian	260	55	0	0
Turkish	50	20	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	40	0	0	0
Somali	40	0	0	0
Amharic	75	0	0	0
Arabic	1,315	305	30	0
Hebrew	75	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	30	0	0
Bengali	530	155	0	0
Gujarati	905	225	0	0
Hindi	2,380	545	0	0
Konkani	20	20	0	0
Marathi	50	10	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,255	200	0	0
Sindhi	200	45	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	410	140	0	0
Urdu	3,155	905	0	0
Nepali	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	0	0	0
Pashto	170	30	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,430	155	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	65	0	0	0
Kannada	40	20	0	0
Malayalam	195	25	0	0
Tamil	2,710	510	0	0
Telugu	175	55	0	0
Japanese	170	25	0	0
Korean	170	20	0	0
Cantonese	645	70	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	470	55	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	555	45	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	0	0
Vietnamese	305	75	10	0
Bisayan languages	120	55	0	0
Ilocano	40	0	0	0
Malay	145	30	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,255	885	0	0
Akan (Twi)	195	95	0	0
Lingala	15	0	20	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	25	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	65	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	75	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	35	0	0	0
Creoles	315	165	85	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	390	160	20	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	107,965	85,050	1,695	115
Non-movers	97,055	77,570	1,450	95
Movers	10,910	7,480	250	0
Non-migrants	4,320	3,345	90	0
Migrants	6,585	4,135	165	0
Internal migrants	6,045	3,970	145	0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,820	3,805	130	0
Interprovincial migrants	225	170	0	0
External migrants	545	165	15	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	101,900	79,620	1,630	110
Non-movers	63,345	52,635	915	45
Movers	38,550	26,985	715	65
Non-migrants	13,415	10,305	240	30
Migrants	25,135	16,685	480	0
Internal migrants	22,575	15,525	425	0
Intraprovincial migrants	21,955	15,125	345	0
Interprovincial migrants	625	405	80	0
External migrants	2,555	1,155	50	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	109,220	86,140	1,715	125
Canadian citizens	104,100	83,630	1,670	100
Canadian citizens only	100,350	81,475	1,590	100
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,745	2,155	80	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	5,125	2,510	45	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	109,220	86,145	1,720	125
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	71,365	66,050	1,365	100
Born in province of residence	65,285	60,965	635	90
Born outside province of residence	6,075	5,090	725	0
Immigrants^Footnote 19	37,315	19,830	350	0
Americas	12,900	11,920	85	0
United States	780	740	0	0
Jamaica	4,535	4,525	0	0
Guyana	3,065	3,065	0	0
Haiti	100	0	80	0
Mexico	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	2,285	2,275	0	0
Colombia	165	0	0	0
El Salvador	60	0	0	0
Peru	120	0	0	0
Chile	140	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,620	1,250	0	0
Europe	7,755	4,020	40	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	3,475	3,425	0	0
Italy	705	35	0	0
Germany	515	50	0	0
Poland	360	25	0	0
Portugal	415	50	0	0
Netherlands	175	25	0	0
France	40	0	25	0
Romania	290	0	0	0
Russian Federation	110	0	0	0
Greece	425	20	0	0
Ukraine	65	0	0	0
Croatia	90	0	0	0
Hungary	110	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	0	0	0
Serbia	45	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	215	215	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	670	85	0	0
Africa	1,880	615	170	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	305	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	140	105	0	0
Nigeria	115	90	0	0
Ethiopia	85	0	0	0
Kenya	170	65	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,050	330	160	0
Asia	14,535	3,185	40	0
India	2,745	790	0	0
China^Footnote 21	750	35	0	0
Philippines	3,365	940	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	340	35	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	330	45	15	0
Pakistan	2,090	585	0	0
Sri Lanka	2,120	365	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	230	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	145	0	0	0
Lebanon	265	45	30	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	85	15	0	0
Bangladesh	265	35	0	0
Afghanistan	775	30	0	0
Japan	80	0	0	0
Turkey	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	910	240	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	255	90	0	0
Fiji	170	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	80	80	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	540	260	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	3,010	1,385	35	0
Americas	950	810	0	0
United States	145	135	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	305	300	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	0	0
Guyana	190	190	0	0
Peru	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	190	170	0	0
Europe	215	125	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	110	100	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	10	0	0
Africa	215	35	0	0
Nigeria	20	20	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	75	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	0	0	0
Asia	1,620	410	0	0
Philippines	380	110	0	0
China^Footnote 32	65	0	0	0
India	505	190	0	0
Pakistan	175	35	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	165	60	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	90	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	10	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	109,220	86,145	1,720	120
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	71,365	66,050	1,360	100
Immigrants^Footnote 40	37,320	19,830	345	0
Before 1971	5,770	3,645	30	0
1971 to 1980	6,635	4,770	75	0
1981 to 1990	7,160	3,995	40	0
1991 to 2000	9,500	4,145	40	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	8,255	3,275	155	0
2001 to 2005	5,245	1,890	125	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	3,010	1,390	35	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	535	260	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	109,225	86,140	1,715	120
First generation^Footnote 45	38,085	20,280	370	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	33,540	29,520	235	35
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	37,595	36,340	1,110	65
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	109,220	86,140	1,715	120
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	1,080	1,015	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	710	665	0	0
Métis single identity	310	295	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	15	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	108,140	85,125	1,670	115
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	109,220	86,145	1,715	125
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	300	285	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,920	85,850	1,710	125
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	86,545	66,020	1,445	90
In the labour force	63,065	48,920	1,090	55
Employed	57,570	44,460	1,015	60
Unemployed	5,495	4,455	70	0
Not in the labour force	23,475	17,105	355	30
Participation rate	72.9	74.1	75.4	61.1
Employment rate	66.5	67.3	70.2	66.7
Unemployment rate	8.7	9.1	6.4	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	63,065	48,915	1,095	55
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	2,125	1,830	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	60,945	47,090	1,090	55
Employee	56,350	43,785	1,000	55
Self-employed	4,595	3,305	90	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,390	890	10	0
Without paid help	590	410	0	0
With paid help	790	480	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,165	2,385	80	0
Without paid help	2,395	1,860	65	0
With paid help	775	525	0	0
Unpaid family worker	40	30	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	63,065	48,915	1,095	55
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	2,125	1,825	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	60,940	47,090	1,090	55
0 Management occupations	7,890	6,030	180	0
00 Senior management occupations	540	415	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,645	2,890	90	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,395	1,630	50	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,305	1,090	25	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,965	10,275	185	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,690	1,950	50	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,285	3,570	85	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	895	700	0	0
14 Office support occupations	3,435	2,695	40	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,660	1,355	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,045	3,330	145	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,950	1,755	95	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,100	1,575	40	0
3 Health occupations	3,630	2,680	100	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,380	1,065	50	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	400	205	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,095	835	30	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	765	565	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,275	4,800	150	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,830	1,395	55	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,185	865	25	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,755	1,405	40	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	490	445	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,015	690	20	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,610	1,345	35	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	470	390	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,140	955	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	13,685	10,920	225	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,785	1,375	90	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,375	1,055	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	3,215	2,705	35	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,210	2,650	60	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,680	1,285	20	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,425	1,850	20	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,750	5,380	55	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,440	2,000	15	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,455	1,120	15	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	850	675	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,480	1,170	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	535	415	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	525	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	60	50	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	25	20	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	535	450	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,470	1,810	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	450	325	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	745	550	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	775	560	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	495	380	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	63,065	48,915	1,095	55
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	2,125	1,830	0	0
All industries^Footnote 61	60,940	47,090	1,090	55
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	80	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	55	0	0
22 Utilities	1,310	930	0	0
23 Construction	3,425	2,885	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,040	3,785	100	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,095	2,430	135	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,700	5,340	80	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,820	2,145	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,555	1,955	65	0
52 Finance and insurance	6,235	4,805	90	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,165	870	20	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,590	3,395	125	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,805	2,245	30	0
61 Educational services	3,605	2,750	95	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,610	5,050	115	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	960	835	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,450	2,545	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,410	1,835	0	0
91 Public administration	3,910	3,105	100	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	57,570	44,460	1,020	55
Usual place of work	48,625	37,465	850	55
Work in CSD of residence	9,320	7,565	165	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	8,960	6,880	160	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	30,290	22,990	520	0
Work in a different province	55	35	0	0
Worked at home	2,785	2,115	80	0
Worked outside Canada	105	75	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,055	4,800	85	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	54,680	42,265	935	55
Car, truck or van - as a driver	40,445	31,010	710	50
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,355	2,730	25	0
Public transit	8,710	6,690	165	0
Walked	1,335	1,205	0	0
Bicycle	180	145	0	0
Other methods	655	490	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	64,930	50,130	1,175	60
English	64,025	49,930	935	55
French	210	50	130	0
Non-official language	255	25	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	30	0	0
English and French	235	70	110	0
English and non-official language	205	55	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	64,925	50,130	1,175	60
None	62,980	49,475	750	45
English	170	45	75	0
French	885	460	320	0
Non-official language	850	140	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	850	140	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	86,540	66,020	1,445	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,655	9,705	135	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	25,240	20,975	245	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	48,645	35,335	1,060	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	5,565	4,480	65	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	2,980	2,405	40	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	2,585	2,080	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,050	15,995	420	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	4,955	3,245	145	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,070	11,620	430	40
Bachelor's degree	12,295	8,280	295	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,550	1,665	40	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	115	0	0
Master's degree	2,625	1,415	90	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	235	145	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	48,645	35,340	1,065	50
Education	2,545	1,800	75	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,870	1,530	45	0
Humanities	2,405	1,790	80	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,935	4,680	140	0
Business, management and public administration	12,475	8,870	310	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,885	1,175	35	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,430	1,655	60	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,625	6,580	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	405	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	6,430	4,790	150	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,515	2,070	35	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	48,645	35,340	1,060	50
Inside Canada	38,140	30,970	930	35
Newfoundland and Labrador	220	215	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	245	225	0	0
New Brunswick	125	95	30	0
Quebec	1,115	555	365	0
Ontario	35,860	29,435	525	20
Manitoba	115	70	0	0
Saskatchewan	75	35	0	0
Alberta	190	180	0	0
British Columbia	185	160	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	10,510	4,370	130	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	109,220	86,140	1,715	125
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	49,995	34,005	445	60
South Asian^Footnote 79	15,025	7,645	55	30
Chinese	2,560	1,065	0	0
Black	17,505	16,670	355	20
Filipino	4,825	2,395	0	0
Latin American	1,070	420	0	0
Arab	1,160	310	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	650	240	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	1,770	475	0	0
Korean	205	50	0	0
Japanese	305	165	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	2,790	2,770	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	2,135	1,795	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	59,225	52,135	1,270	65
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	109,220	86,140	1,715	125
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	61,960	42,875	960	70
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	47,260	43,265	760	50
Canadian - Total responses	22,545	21,260	730	40
Canadian - Single responses	8,950	8,575	215	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	13,595	12,680	510	0
English - Total responses	23,015	22,845	70	20
English - Single responses	5,075	5,070	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,945	17,780	75	15
French - Total responses	7,265	6,155	915	30
French - Single responses	600	255	335	0
French - Multiple responses	6,660	5,900	575	35
Scottish - Total responses	17,170	17,020	105	25
Scottish - Single responses	2,045	2,040	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	15,130	14,975	105	30
Irish - Total responses	16,230	16,000	160	35
Irish - Single responses	2,150	2,155	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	14,075	13,850	160	35
German - Total responses	6,215	5,375	0	0
German - Single responses	945	485	0	0
German - Multiple responses	5,270	4,890	0	0
Italian - Total responses	5,405	4,140	20	0
Italian - Single responses	1,820	845	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	3,590	3,295	20	0
Chinese - Total responses	4,610	2,700	30	0
Chinese - Single responses	2,020	545	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	2,595	2,160	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,480	1,385	85	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	80	50	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,400	1,340	55	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,895	1,770	30	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	230	180	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,665	1,590	30	0
East Indian - Total responses	11,295	7,515	45	0
East Indian - Single responses	6,965	3,795	40	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,335	3,720	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	2,540	2,325	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	525	390	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,015	1,940	0	0
Polish - Total responses	2,580	2,020	35	0
Polish - Single responses	585	170	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,995	1,845	30	0
Filipino - Total responses	5,595	3,000	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	3,910	1,895	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,685	1,105	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	2,525	2,510	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	510	500	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	2,020	2,010	0	0
Russian - Total responses	515	380	0	0
Russian - Single responses	70	20	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	450	365	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,690	1,675	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	100	100	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,590	1,580	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	270	265	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	255	255	0	0
Métis - Total responses	375	320	50	0
Métis - Single responses	30	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	350	305	35	0
Portuguese - Total responses	3,645	3,045	15	0
Portuguese - Single responses	1,170	705	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	2,475	2,345	15	0
American - Total responses	1,135	1,115	0	0
American - Single responses	50	50	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,085	1,065	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	2,035	1,210	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	190	35	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,850	1,180	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	520	495	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	45	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	475	460	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	780	580	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	225	75	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	555	505	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	86,545	66,020	1,450	85
Without income	5,825	4,905	40	0
With income	80,715	61,110	1,410	80
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	9,430	7,005	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	6,085	4,770	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,335	4,720	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,550	3,900	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,080	5,845	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,545	6,530	125	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,265	6,355	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	7,140	5,515	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	9,890	7,710	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	6,055	4,815	140	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	5,340	3,945	165	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	2,820	2,090	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	2,515	1,850	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	35,981	36,871	48,774	17,825
Average income $^Footnote 94	43,541	43,780	60,195	31,850
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	86,540	66,020	1,445	85
Without after-tax income	5,855	4,930	40	0
With after-tax income	80,685	61,090	1,410	80
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	9,515	7,080	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	6,165	4,820	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,400	4,770	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,995	4,290	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	9,605	6,970	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,660	8,115	200	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	10,525	8,115	250	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	7,570	6,005	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	9,310	7,325	180	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,945	2,155	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,995	1,440	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	32,594	33,198	41,469	16,801
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	36,376	36,546	47,623	26,922
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	86,540	66,025	1,450	85
With employment income	63,445	48,945	1,155	60
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	39,942	39,992	49,474	30,919
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	46,232	45,820	63,250	40,110
With wages and salaries	59,855	46,405	1,075	55
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	41,666	41,535	50,311	47,881
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	47,374	46,767	64,982	41,819
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	63,065	48,915	1,090	55
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	36,475	28,300	780	15
All others^Footnote 105	26,595	20,615	310	35

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.