Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Brantford, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 25.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	91,970	81,440	905	40
0 to 4 years	5,470	5,275	0	0
5 to 9 years	5,405	5,080	20	0
10 to 14 years	5,815	5,505	0	0
15 to 19 years	6,385	5,940	25	0
20 to 24 years	5,865	5,550	0	0
25 to 29 years	5,885	5,505	40	0
30 to 34 years	5,875	5,325	85	0
35 to 39 years	5,870	5,215	45	0
40 to 44 years	6,095	5,240	50	0
45 to 49 years	7,125	6,265	95	0
50 to 54 years	7,085	6,085	110	0
55 to 59 years	6,460	5,595	50	0
60 to 64 years	5,645	4,780	110	0
65 to 69 years	3,940	3,215	50	0
70 to 74 years	3,150	2,415	120	0
75 to 79 years	2,575	1,900	20	0
80 to 84 years	1,740	1,300	50	0
85 years and over	1,595	1,240	30	0
Median age^Footnote 3	39.6	37.6	53.6	42.1
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	75,285	65,575	870	35
Married or living with a common-law partner	42,950	36,470	570	35
Married (and not separated)	35,005	28,830	470	30
Living common law	7,945	7,640	100	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	32,335	29,105	300	0
Single (never legally married)	19,985	18,580	125	0
Separated	3,025	2,750	40	0
Divorced	4,880	4,240	55	0
Widowed	4,450	3,535	85	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	91,975	81,440	900	40
English	90,550	81,440	115	20
French	820	0	795	0
English and French	140	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	465	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	91,970	81,440	905	40
English only	87,245	78,440	110	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	4,245	2,985	795	35
Neither English nor French	475	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	91,975	81,440	905	40
Single responses	90,735	81,100	895	25
English	86,645	80,950	780	20
French	130	0	115	0
Non-official languages	3,960	150	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	3,605	125	0	0
Arabic	275	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	140	0	0	0
Creoles	30	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	225	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	0	0	0
Italian	275	0	0	0
Korean	135	15	0	0
Mandarin	170	25	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	225	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	630	0	0	0
Portuguese	210	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	30	0	0	0
Spanish	250	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	0	0	0
Urdu	120	0	0	0
Vietnamese	530	25	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	355	20	0	0
Multiple responses	1,235	340	0	0
English and French	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,210	340	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	91,975	81,440	900	45
None	86,425	80,180	565	30
English	1,950	115	85	0
French	710	430	240	0
Non-official language	2,870	715	0	0
Aboriginal	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,830	705	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	11,405	2,285	80	0
Aboriginal languages	85	50	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	20	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	45	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,330	2,240	80	0
Italian	1,400	355	0	0
Portuguese	510	75	0	0
Romanian	40	0	0	0
Spanish	745	255	25	0
Dutch	530	70	0	0
Flemish	50	0	0	0
German	700	155	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	25	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	20	0	0
Czech	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,555	150	0	0
Russian	130	0	0	0
Serbian	60	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	0	0	0
Slovak	80	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	370	95	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	10	0	0
Armenian	50	0	0	0
Albanian	20	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	560	40	0	0
Turkish	30	15	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	530	55	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	245	0	0	0
Hindi	375	75	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	35	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	510	85	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	0	0
Urdu	350	90	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	30	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	0	0	0
Tamil	35	0	0	0
Telugu	50	0	0	0
Japanese	105	50	0	0
Korean	315	110	0	0
Cantonese	100	25	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	30	0	0
Taiwanese	105	50	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	260	0	0	0
Lao	60	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	0	0
Vietnamese	675	60	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	325	40	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	95	50	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	335	150	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	91,020	80,535	905	40
Non-movers	79,735	69,960	820	40
Movers	11,280	10,570	85	0
Non-migrants	7,615	7,095	55	0
Migrants	3,670	3,480	35	0
Internal migrants	3,515	3,355	30	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,310	3,160	35	0
Interprovincial migrants	205	200	0	0
External migrants	155	125	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	86,500	76,160	900	35
Non-movers	52,130	44,805	615	15
Movers	34,365	31,355	285	0
Non-migrants	22,955	21,395	165	0
Migrants	11,410	9,955	120	0
Internal migrants	10,505	9,535	110	0
Intraprovincial migrants	9,795	8,970	95	0
Interprovincial migrants	710	565	20	0
External migrants	905	425	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	91,975	81,440	905	40
Canadian citizens	89,765	80,385	905	45
Canadian citizens only	88,385	79,735	900	35
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,380	650	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	2,205	1,050	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	91,975	81,440	900	40
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	79,950	76,540	805	45
Born in province of residence	73,655	71,020	395	30
Born outside province of residence	6,295	5,515	405	15
Immigrants^Footnote 19	11,825	4,785	105	0
Americas	1,780	1,220	25	0
United States	680	610	0	0
Jamaica	320	315	0	0
Guyana	25	30	0	0
Haiti	35	0	0	0
Mexico	95	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	110	110	0	0
Colombia	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	55	0	0	0
Peru	20	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	365	100	30	0
Europe	6,855	2,980	60	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	2,530	2,485	0	0
Italy	670	45	0	0
Germany	345	45	0	0
Poland	1,040	60	0	0
Portugal	370	60	0	0
Netherlands	570	85	0	0
France	20	0	0	0
Romania	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	120	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	0	0	0
Croatia	50	0	0	0
Hungary	295	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	20	0	0
Serbia	65	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	105	105	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	460	55	40	0
Africa	325	130	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	60	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	35	0	0
Asia	2,840	415	0	0
India	720	120	0	0
China^Footnote 21	305	25	0	0
Philippines	345	60	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	55	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	450	15	0	0
Pakistan	205	45	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	100	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	290	65	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	35	30	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	35	30	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	200	115	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	880	230	0	0
Americas	340	150	0	0
United States	100	70	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	50	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	20	0	0
Europe	60	35	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	20	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	45	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	0	0	0
Asia	435	35	0	0
Philippines	90	0	0	0
China^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
India	200	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	60	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	91,975	81,440	905	45
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	79,950	76,535	805	45
Immigrants^Footnote 40	11,825	4,785	105	0
Before 1971	4,750	2,270	60	0
1971 to 1980	1,915	995	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,370	355	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,845	595	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	1,945	565	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,065	330	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	880	230	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	200	115	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	91,975	81,440	905	45
First generation^Footnote 45	12,175	5,020	105	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	17,310	14,845	65	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	62,485	61,570	735	35
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	91,975	81,440	905	45
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	4,085	4,015	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	3,565	3,520	0	0
Métis single identity	355	330	25	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	60	60	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	95	95	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	87,885	77,420	880	35
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	91,975	81,435	905	40
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	2,730	2,675	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	89,245	78,760	890	40
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	75,285	65,575	870	35
In the labour force	48,645	43,180	445	0
Employed	44,770	39,690	415	0
Unemployed	3,870	3,490	35	0
Not in the labour force	26,635	22,395	425	20
Participation rate	64.6	65.8	51.1	0.0
Employment rate	59.5	60.5	47.7	0.0
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.1	7.9	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	48,645	43,185	445	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	1,135	1,010	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	47,510	42,175	435	0
Employee	43,765	39,090	405	0
Self-employed	3,740	3,080	30	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,000	730	0	0
Without paid help	395	285	0	0
With paid help	605	445	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,615	2,260	30	0
Without paid help	1,820	1,590	0	0
With paid help	795	675	20	0
Unpaid family worker	130	85	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	48,645	43,185	450	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	1,135	1,010	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	47,510	42,175	435	0
0 Management occupations	4,215	3,615	35	0
00 Senior management occupations	345	310	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,255	1,120	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,795	1,475	15	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	825	715	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,775	6,075	55	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	795	655	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,010	1,755	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	400	345	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,995	1,850	15	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,580	1,460	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,945	1,560	40	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	820	565	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,130	1,000	25	0
3 Health occupations	2,965	2,605	15	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	705	660	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	490	385	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	900	805	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	875	755	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,340	4,820	35	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,930	1,715	25	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	930	845	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,255	1,145	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	495	480	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	730	630	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,035	945	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	305	285	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	725	655	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,950	10,860	140	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	850	770	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,615	1,480	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	2,260	2,115	40	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,295	2,045	40	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,995	1,835	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,940	2,625	15	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,895	7,275	80	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,640	2,385	25	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,595	1,475	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,230	1,170	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,995	1,830	40	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	440	415	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	660	610	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	85	80	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	195	175	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	380	355	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,730	3,810	25	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	550	465	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,505	1,190	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,145	935	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,535	1,225	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	48,645	43,180	450	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	1,140	1,010	0	0
All industries^Footnote 61	47,510	42,170	435	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	265	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	25	0	0
22 Utilities	200	170	0	0
23 Construction	2,765	2,530	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,995	6,655	100	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,420	2,170	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,055	5,475	45	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,755	2,580	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	650	620	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,170	1,030	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	855	780	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	1,615	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,920	2,575	35	0
61 Educational services	3,265	2,905	35	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,485	4,970	20	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,385	1,220	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,320	2,920	20	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,840	1,665	20	0
91 Public administration	2,180	1,985	0	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	44,775	39,690	415	0
Usual place of work	38,830	34,400	345	0
Work in CSD of residence	25,730	22,715	185	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	3,425	3,075	40	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	9,555	8,500	115	0
Work in a different province	115	110	0	0
Worked at home	1,560	1,335	0	0
Worked outside Canada	90	75	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,295	3,880	70	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	43,125	38,280	410	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	35,185	31,260	345	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,545	3,210	0	0
Public transit	1,610	1,385	20	0
Walked	1,935	1,690	0	0
Bicycle	385	315	15	0
Other methods	465	415	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	51,685	45,870	475	15
English	51,310	45,770	390	0
French	135	65	55	0
Non-official language	95	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	95	0	0	0
English and French	40	10	35	0
English and non-official language	100	25	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	51,685	45,865	475	20
None	50,670	45,405	355	0
English	155	50	45	0
French	395	265	70	0
Non-official language	450	145	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	435	130	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	75,285	65,575	870	35
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,345	15,745	235	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	22,280	19,905	230	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	34,655	29,920	405	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	6,575	5,575	130	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	3,760	3,130	85	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	2,810	2,450	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,700	14,980	165	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	2,160	1,840	45	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,220	7,535	65	0
Bachelor's degree	6,075	5,090	60	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	985	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	145	0	0
Master's degree	1,570	1,180	0	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	170	135	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	34,655	29,925	405	30
Education	2,660	2,305	35	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,165	1,020	0	0
Humanities	1,900	1,615	30	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,345	3,020	15	0
Business, management and public administration	6,205	5,340	90	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	840	570	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	985	835	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,335	6,060	120	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	550	430	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	6,230	5,625	25	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,400	3,070	55	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	30	35	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	34,660	29,925	405	30
Inside Canada	31,140	28,350	370	30
Newfoundland and Labrador	60	60	0	0
Prince Edward Island	25	25	0	0
Nova Scotia	245	215	0	0
New Brunswick	85	70	0	0
Quebec	290	175	70	0
Ontario	29,905	27,350	275	25
Manitoba	150	115	0	0
Saskatchewan	40	40	0	0
Alberta	155	135	0	0
British Columbia	195	160	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	3,510	1,570	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	91,975	81,440	900	45
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	6,850	3,195	40	0
South Asian^Footnote 79	1,645	570	0	0
Chinese	710	170	0	0
Black	1,550	1,460	0	0
Filipino	450	185	0	0
Latin American	365	65	0	0
Arab	580	105	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	740	190	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	85	35	0	0
Korean	285	135	0	0
Japanese	100	40	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	105	90	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	255	155	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	85,125	78,245	865	35
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	91,975	81,435	900	45
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	44,495	35,885	430	0
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	47,480	45,555	475	35
Canadian - Total responses	28,455	27,735	440	0
Canadian - Single responses	13,900	13,690	175	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	14,555	14,040	270	0
English - Total responses	32,040	31,880	70	0
English - Single responses	7,585	7,585	0	0
English - Multiple responses	24,455	24,295	70	0
French - Total responses	9,070	8,255	635	30
French - Single responses	770	560	200	0
French - Multiple responses	8,300	7,685	430	30
Scottish - Total responses	20,995	20,885	65	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,695	2,690	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	18,300	18,195	65	0
Irish - Total responses	17,900	17,760	45	0
Irish - Single responses	1,820	1,820	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	16,080	15,940	45	0
German - Total responses	11,240	10,630	30	0
German - Single responses	1,280	950	0	0
German - Multiple responses	9,955	9,685	20	0
Italian - Total responses	5,930	4,800	20	0
Italian - Single responses	2,260	1,275	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	3,670	3,525	15	0
Chinese - Total responses	1,020	425	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	590	145	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	435	280	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	4,900	4,815	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	1,155	1,125	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	3,745	3,685	30	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	3,300	2,930	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	660	395	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	2,640	2,530	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	1,445	540	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	955	215	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	495	325	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	5,600	5,030	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	1,835	1,320	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	3,765	3,715	0	0
Polish - Total responses	4,615	3,115	25	0
Polish - Single responses	1,845	585	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	2,775	2,530	20	0
Filipino - Total responses	585	305	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	255	70	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	335	240	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	2,745	2,715	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	525	525	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	2,220	2,190	0	0
Russian - Total responses	475	440	0	0
Russian - Single responses	25	10	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	450	430	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,715	1,710	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	120	120	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,595	1,595	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	450	440	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	60	45	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	395	390	0	0
Métis - Total responses	465	445	20	0
Métis - Single responses	55	55	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	410	390	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	1,150	730	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	740	335	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	410	395	0	0
American - Total responses	955	950	0	0
American - Single responses	105	105	0	0
American - Multiple responses	850	845	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	750	495	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	85	25	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	665	475	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	470	445	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	60	40	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	420	405	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	2,805	2,220	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	800	330	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	2,000	1,885	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	75,285	65,575	870	35
Without income	4,095	3,670	20	0
With income	71,190	61,910	850	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	6,520	5,840	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,065	4,465	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,650	5,890	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,395	5,525	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,090	10,070	225	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,130	8,840	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,070	7,215	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,085	4,440	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,880	5,030	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	3,210	2,880	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,095	1,720	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,155	960	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	935	760	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	28,916	29,034	26,048	13,757
Average income $^Footnote 94	35,585	35,213	35,788	24,412
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	75,285	65,575	870	35
Without after-tax income	4,095	3,675	20	0
With after-tax income	71,185	61,900	850	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	6,615	5,930	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,195	4,580	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,715	5,935	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	7,035	6,050	140	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	14,080	11,895	210	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	12,100	10,595	90	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,925	7,030	140	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,585	3,915	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,010	4,415	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,105	885	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	825	670	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	26,769	26,791	26,000	13,757
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	30,760	30,484	31,344	21,664
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	75,285	65,575	875	35
With employment income	50,450	44,705	515	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	30,046	29,950	37,020	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	36,035	35,281	40,261	0
With wages and salaries	47,425	42,105	460	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	31,277	30,904	41,556	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	36,830	36,079	42,303	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	48,645	43,185	445	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	26,175	22,920	300	0
All others^Footnote 105	22,470	20,270	145	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.