Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Elgin
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	85,870	73,700	920	50
0 to 4 years	5,495	4,890	35	0
5 to 9 years	5,420	4,825	0	0
10 to 14 years	5,755	5,035	10	0
15 to 19 years	6,140	5,440	15	0
20 to 24 years	4,970	4,275	0	0
25 to 29 years	4,500	3,835	25	0
30 to 34 years	4,795	4,020	55	0
35 to 39 years	5,425	4,640	50	0
40 to 44 years	5,760	5,025	50	0
45 to 49 years	6,810	5,885	125	0
50 to 54 years	6,640	5,890	80	0
55 to 59 years	5,880	5,065	105	0
60 to 64 years	5,625	4,770	75	0
65 to 69 years	4,305	3,480	100	0
70 to 74 years	3,235	2,565	70	0
75 to 79 years	2,340	1,875	50	0
80 to 84 years	1,665	1,325	15	0
85 years and over	1,105	850	45	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.4	39.9	54.7	46.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	69,210	58,950	870	50
Married or living with a common-law partner	44,115	36,705	645	35
Married (and not separated)	37,995	31,015	515	25
Living common law	6,120	5,685	135	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	25,090	22,250	225	0
Single (never legally married)	15,400	13,760	65	0
Separated	2,205	2,060	0	0
Divorced	3,710	3,370	85	0
Widowed	3,770	3,060	55	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	85,875	73,700	915	50
English	84,315	73,705	155	50
French	760	0	760	0
English and French	35	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	760	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	85,870	73,705	920	50
English only	81,915	71,540	160	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	3,175	2,160	750	45
Neither English nor French	765	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	85,875	73,700	915	50
Single responses	85,265	73,615	910	50
English	81,110	73,585	760	50
French	160	0	145	0
Non-official languages	3,995	20	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	3,700	0	0	0
Arabic	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	80	0	0	0
German	2,925	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	0	0	0
Italian	25	0	0	0
Korean	40	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	0	0	0
Portuguese	100	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	295	0	0	0
Multiple responses	605	85	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	590	75	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	85,870	73,705	920	50
None	79,760	72,825	595	40
English	1,805	30	115	0
French	580	355	200	0
Non-official language	3,625	485	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,620	480	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	20	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	12,635	1,810	105	0
Aboriginal languages	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,615	1,800	100	0
Italian	250	85	0	0
Portuguese	450	100	0	0
Romanian	20	0	0	0
Spanish	1,075	205	0	0
Dutch	1,415	150	40	0
Flemish	140	25	40	0
German	7,600	715	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	20	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	335	45	0	0
Czech	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	340	100	0	0
Russian	40	0	0	0
Serbian	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	100	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	0	0	0
Greek	85	0	0	0
Armenian	30	0	0	0
Albanian	50	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	40	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	70	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	130	0	0	0
Hindi	120	25	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	0	0
Korean	90	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	0	0	0
Vietnamese	180	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	180	130	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	84,880	72,815	910	50
Non-movers	75,435	64,925	795	45
Movers	9,445	7,895	115	0
Non-migrants	4,890	4,245	45	0
Migrants	4,555	3,650	70	0
Internal migrants	4,225	3,500	70	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,990	3,285	65	0
Interprovincial migrants	235	215	0	0
External migrants	330	150	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	80,375	68,810	880	45
Non-movers	52,475	45,550	560	35
Movers	27,900	23,260	320	0
Non-migrants	13,850	11,595	160	0
Migrants	14,050	11,665	165	0
Internal migrants	13,235	11,385	155	0
Intraprovincial migrants	12,500	10,765	140	0
Interprovincial migrants	730	620	15	0
External migrants	815	280	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	85,875	73,700	920	50
Canadian citizens	84,655	73,185	915	50
Canadian citizens only	83,640	72,810	910	50
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,020	375	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	1,215	520	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	85,870	73,705	920	50
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	74,745	70,685	805	50
Born in province of residence	70,080	66,725	415	45
Born outside province of residence	4,665	3,960	390	0
Immigrants^Footnote 19	10,930	2,955	115	0
Americas	5,155	800	0	0
United States	765	550	0	0
Jamaica	30	30	0	0
Guyana	30	30	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	3,705	115	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	25	0	0
Colombia	80	0	0	0
El Salvador	35	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	475	25	0	0
Europe	4,825	1,900	95	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	1,520	1,485	0	0
Italy	150	15	0	0
Germany	290	75	0	0
Poland	235	15	0	0
Portugal	245	10	0	0
Netherlands	1,195	145	0	0
France	35	0	25	0
Romania	130	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	0	0	0
Croatia	160	0	0	0
Hungary	55	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	0	0	0
Serbia	45	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	20	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	590	95	65	0
Africa	125	70	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	50	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	0	0
Asia	810	175	0	0
India	155	25	0	0
China^Footnote 21	50	25	0	0
Philippines	105	30	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	110	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	200	60	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	10	10	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	10	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	200	60	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	755	130	0	0
Americas	595	50	0	0
United States	85	40	0	0
Mexico	410	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	0	0	0
Europe	90	55	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	60	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	0	0
Africa	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	55	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 32	15	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	85,875	73,700	920	50
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	74,745	70,685	805	50
Immigrants^Footnote 40	10,930	2,955	115	0
Before 1971	3,880	1,440	115	0
1971 to 1980	1,855	630	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,010	270	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,410	250	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	1,775	370	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,020	245	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	755	130	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	195	60	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	85,870	73,705	920	50
First generation^Footnote 45	11,400	3,140	115	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	16,490	13,890	0	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	57,980	56,670	790	45
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	85,875	73,705	920	50
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	1,565	1,525	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	1,130	1,110	0	0
Métis single identity	315	295	15	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	35	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	20	20	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	60	65	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	84,305	72,175	905	40
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	85,870	73,705	920	50
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	630	625	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,240	73,080	915	50
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	69,210	58,950	870	50
In the labour force	44,465	38,690	450	40
Employed	40,475	35,210	390	40
Unemployed	3,995	3,475	55	0
Not in the labour force	24,740	20,260	420	0
Participation rate	64.2	65.6	51.7	80.0
Employment rate	58.5	59.7	44.8	80.0
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.0	12.2	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	44,465	38,690	445	40
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	1,245	1,110	20	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	43,220	37,575	425	40
Employee	37,980	33,465	350	40
Self-employed	5,240	4,110	80	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,265	945	15	0
Without paid help	515	355	0	0
With paid help	750	595	15	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,805	3,065	70	0
Without paid help	2,705	2,250	40	0
With paid help	1,100	815	0	0
Unpaid family worker	165	95	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	44,465	38,690	450	40
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	1,245	1,110	25	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	43,220	37,575	425	40
0 Management occupations	4,440	3,700	65	0
00 Senior management occupations	225	200	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	790	730	15	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,435	1,260	20	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,990	1,505	30	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,675	5,160	55	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	650	600	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,815	1,670	15	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	620	560	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,375	1,245	30	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,215	1,080	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,660	1,530	25	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	645	570	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,015	950	20	0
3 Health occupations	3,150	2,930	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	970	895	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	395	355	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	940	870	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	850	810	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,035	3,720	35	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,325	1,195	25	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	655	620	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	995	935	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	310	285	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	745	680	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	675	595	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	250	215	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	425	380	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,335	8,345	115	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	590	510	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,205	1,095	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,730	1,565	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,605	1,450	45	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,425	1,335	10	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,775	2,390	30	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,150	6,710	25	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,745	2,215	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,580	1,460	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	745	635	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,390	1,845	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	695	550	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,890	1,260	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	145	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,115	605	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	610	510	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,215	3,630	55	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	375	340	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	545	420	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,655	2,305	40	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	645	565	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	44,465	38,685	450	35
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	1,245	1,110	25	0
All industries^Footnote 61	43,220	37,580	430	40
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,775	1,760	45	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	35	0	0
22 Utilities	225	215	0	0
23 Construction	2,985	2,315	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,650	6,635	75	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,405	1,250	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,405	3,985	40	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,810	2,330	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	525	465	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,240	1,155	25	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	565	475	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,330	1,170	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	25	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,200	2,020	50	0
61 Educational services	2,475	2,210	35	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,425	5,020	50	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	705	640	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,865	2,580	20	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,815	1,690	20	0
91 Public administration	1,700	1,600	10	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	40,470	35,210	390	40
Usual place of work	31,860	28,340	285	30
Work in CSD of residence	10,560	9,525	75	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	7,645	6,485	60	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	13,595	12,265	155	0
Work in a different province	60	55	0	0
Worked at home	3,385	2,655	60	0
Worked outside Canada	155	140	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,065	4,075	45	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	36,925	32,410	335	30
Car, truck or van - as a driver	31,825	28,065	290	15
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,580	2,065	25	0
Public transit	290	290	0	0
Walked	1,520	1,370	15	0
Bicycle	440	425	0	0
Other methods	275	200	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	47,015	40,720	490	40
English	46,320	40,610	425	40
French	70	40	25	0
Non-official language	475	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	0	0	0
English and French	115	60	40	0
English and non-official language	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	47,015	40,720	495	40
None	45,585	40,415	395	40
English	340	15	0	0
French	235	140	85	0
Non-official language	835	145	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	840	145	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	69,205	58,950	870	45
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,810	12,675	295	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	20,770	18,900	185	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	30,625	27,370	390	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	6,335	5,430	120	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	3,300	2,785	60	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	3,030	2,645	60	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,860	14,420	130	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	1,870	1,675	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,565	5,855	115	0
Bachelor's degree	4,305	3,945	65	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	935	785	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	165	0	0
Master's degree	955	805	25	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	175	155	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	30,625	27,375	390	0
Education	2,135	1,890	30	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	540	480	0	0
Humanities	1,315	1,160	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,630	2,365	40	0
Business, management and public administration	5,520	4,975	95	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	490	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	875	805	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,940	6,030	105	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,215	1,025	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	6,325	5,835	55	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,585	2,305	25	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	30,630	27,370	390	0
Inside Canada	28,820	26,440	385	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	85	85	0	0
Prince Edward Island	15	15	0	0
Nova Scotia	145	140	0	0
New Brunswick	150	130	0	0
Quebec	220	145	50	0
Ontario	27,715	25,475	315	0
Manitoba	145	125	0	0
Saskatchewan	70	60	0	0
Alberta	190	185	0	0
British Columbia	80	85	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	1,805	930	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	85,870	73,705	915	50
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	2,290	1,240	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 79	310	140	0	0
Chinese	250	170	0	0
Black	420	405	0	0
Filipino	155	85	0	0
Latin American	245	45	0	0
Arab	150	50	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	475	190	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	20	0	0	0
Korean	110	25	0	0
Japanese	50	45	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	15	15	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	90	65	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	83,580	72,460	915	50
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	85,875	73,705	920	50
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	43,405	34,375	525	0
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	42,465	39,325	395	45
Canadian - Total responses	30,645	28,590	305	0
Canadian - Single responses	15,195	14,435	70	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	15,450	14,160	235	0
English - Total responses	29,740	29,530	60	15
English - Single responses	7,895	7,865	0	0
English - Multiple responses	21,850	21,665	60	15
French - Total responses	7,540	6,730	705	20
French - Single responses	815	490	330	0
French - Multiple responses	6,720	6,235	380	20
Scottish - Total responses	18,685	18,590	25	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,345	2,340	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	16,345	16,255	20	0
Irish - Total responses	16,120	15,970	40	0
Irish - Single responses	1,485	1,485	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	14,635	14,490	40	0
German - Total responses	15,500	10,915	30	0
German - Single responses	4,805	1,840	0	0
German - Multiple responses	10,695	9,075	30	0
Italian - Total responses	1,970	1,705	45	0
Italian - Single responses	510	340	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,460	1,365	45	0
Chinese - Total responses	310	195	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	105	30	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	195	165	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,005	1,930	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	240	225	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,765	1,705	45	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,420	1,190	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	205	150	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,220	1,040	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	375	210	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	215	70	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	155	145	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	9,345	7,535	30	0
Dutch - Single responses	3,640	2,285	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	5,710	5,250	20	0
Polish - Total responses	1,880	1,515	0	0
Polish - Single responses	480	280	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,405	1,235	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	125	75	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	70	30	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	50	50	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	1,885	1,865	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	525	505	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	1,365	1,360	0	0
Russian - Total responses	2,655	1,030	0	0
Russian - Single responses	660	100	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	1,990	930	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,470	1,475	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	115	110	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,360	1,355	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	305	305	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	10	10	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	295	295	0	0
Métis - Total responses	290	255	25	0
Métis - Single responses	15	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	275	245	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	870	545	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	440	140	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	430	400	0	0
American - Total responses	1,080	1,065	0	0
American - Single responses	60	55	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,025	1,010	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	565	370	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	45	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	525	350	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	390	375	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	20	20	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	365	355	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,125	985	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	225	155	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	900	830	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	69,205	58,950	865	45
Without income	3,535	3,190	20	0
With income	65,670	55,755	855	45
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	6,645	5,670	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,925	4,055	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,095	5,030	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,135	5,020	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	10,840	8,950	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,350	7,000	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,845	5,895	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,725	4,170	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,765	5,115	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	3,410	3,125	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,935	1,730	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,165	1,055	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	770	675	25	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	28,183	28,905	29,224	20,029
Average income $^Footnote 94	35,265	36,074	37,318	29,195
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	69,205	58,950	870	50
Without after-tax income	3,555	3,210	15	0
With after-tax income	65,655	55,740	855	50
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	6,760	5,755	90	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,060	4,185	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,250	5,185	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,590	5,380	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,215	10,105	200	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,185	8,610	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,050	6,200	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,570	4,050	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,225	4,690	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,065	965	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	695	610	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	26,255	26,790	27,906	20,029
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	30,620	31,181	32,165	25,042
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	69,205	58,950	865	45
With employment income	46,315	39,910	520	40
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	27,956	29,061	37,044	16,249
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	34,770	35,692	39,509	28,778
With wages and salaries	41,790	36,420	455	40
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	30,071	31,256	40,169	16,249
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	36,076	36,968	43,798	28,810
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	44,465	38,690	450	40
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	24,030	20,955	300	20
All others^Footnote 105	20,435	17,730	150	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.