Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in London, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 24.0 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	360,715	285,975	5,200	345
0 to 4 years	19,940	17,215	230	45
5 to 9 years	19,020	16,555	220	30
10 to 14 years	20,325	17,160	265	40
15 to 19 years	24,555	20,480	195	15
20 to 24 years	28,925	23,805	280	0
25 to 29 years	26,815	21,865	390	55
30 to 34 years	23,820	18,975	385	25
35 to 39 years	22,410	17,090	440	0
40 to 44 years	24,090	18,085	335	0
45 to 49 years	28,355	21,350	440	15
50 to 54 years	27,620	21,160	470	0
55 to 59 years	24,055	18,725	430	10
60 to 64 years	21,010	16,220	305	0
65 to 69 years	15,635	11,880	315	0
70 to 74 years	11,440	8,440	150	0
75 to 79 years	9,960	7,435	110	15
80 to 84 years	7,140	5,340	115	0
85 years and over	5,600	4,190	115	0
Median age^Footnote 3	38.7	36.9	43.1	27.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	301,435	235,040	4,480	225
Married or living with a common-law partner	166,260	123,635	2,710	135
Married (and not separated)	139,960	100,565	2,155	110
Living common law	26,300	23,075	560	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	135,170	111,405	1,770	90
Single (never legally married)	90,055	76,015	870	65
Separated	10,115	7,955	215	0
Divorced	19,920	16,310	410	15
Widowed	15,085	11,125	275	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	360,720	285,970	5,195	345
English	349,710	285,975	360	270
French	5,035	0	4,835	40
English and French	1,680	0	0	35
Neither English nor French	4,295	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	360,715	285,975	5,195	345
English only	329,545	268,685	360	80
French only	160	0	120	0
English and French	26,605	17,200	4,715	270
Neither English nor French	4,405	80	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	360,715	285,970	5,195	345
Single responses	351,315	283,490	4,990	295
English	314,420	282,085	3,505	255
French	1,640	75	1,445	30
Non-official languages	35,255	1,330	40	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	30,130	1,110	40	0
Arabic	3,760	220	0	0
Bengali	145	0	0	0
Cantonese	910	30	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,685	25	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	0	0	0
German	190	20	0	0
Greek	815	50	0	0
Gujarati	455	25	0	0
Hindi	380	25	0	0
Hungarian	295	0	0	0
Italian	760	20	0	0
Korean	1,950	110	0	0
Mandarin	1,275	35	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	475	20	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,270	0	0	0
Polish	2,975	110	0	0
Portuguese	2,010	60	0	0
Romanian	240	0	0	0
Russian	640	0	0	0
Serbian	410	0	0	0
Spanish	6,510	185	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	430	25	0	0
Tamil	165	0	0	0
Ukrainian	320	0	0	0
Urdu	605	10	0	0
Vietnamese	1,405	85	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	5,125	220	0	0
Multiple responses	9,400	2,485	205	55
English and French	140	25	95	25
English and non-official language	9,120	2,450	65	0
French and non-official language	95	0	40	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	360,720	285,975	5,195	345
None	317,855	277,820	2,925	250
English	17,665	895	810	0
French	3,905	2,330	1,220	75
Non-official language	20,565	4,725	155	0
Aboriginal	100	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20,460	4,675	160	0
English and French	130	0	0	0
English and non-official language	245	40	30	0
French and non-official language	350	160	55	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	83,345	15,340	750	90
Aboriginal languages	140	60	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	45	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	30	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	45	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	83,210	15,280	750	85
Italian	4,235	1,120	55	0
Portuguese	5,895	1,250	20	0
Romanian	755	40	0	0
Spanish	13,045	2,695	280	0
Dutch	2,835	525	30	0
Flemish	150	15	0	0
German	4,865	1,425	45	0
Yiddish	65	20	0	0
Danish	205	20	0	0
Norwegian	55	0	0	0
Swedish	125	20	0	0
Afrikaans	185	100	0	0
Gaelic languages	80	65	0	0
Bosnian	735	100	0	0
Bulgarian	70	0	0	0
Croatian	870	55	0	0
Czech	345	35	0	0
Macedonian	160	55	0	0
Polish	6,315	670	15	0
Russian	1,770	170	0	0
Serbian	895	45	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	400	20	0	0
Slovak	450	25	0	0
Slovenian	225	25	0	0
Ukrainian	1,030	110	0	0
Latvian	100	0	0	0
Lithuanian	145	0	0	0
Greek	2,415	485	0	0
Armenian	105	45	0	0
Albanian	990	40	0	0
Estonian	105	0	0	0
Finnish	110	50	0	0
Hungarian	1,275	170	0	0
Turkish	175	15	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	30	0	0	0
Somali	195	0	0	0
Amharic	280	20	0	0
Arabic	10,145	1,980	195	15
Hebrew	370	145	0	0
Maltese	255	85	0	0
Tigrigna	495	125	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	675	25	0	0
Bengali	295	55	0	0
Gujarati	765	105	0	0
Hindi	2,215	520	0	0
Konkani	15	0	0	0
Marathi	35	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,260	255	0	0
Sindhi	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	0	0	0
Urdu	1,415	175	0	0
Nepali	160	0	0	0
Kurdish	1,055	85	0	0
Pashto	90	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,080	55	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	65	0	0	0
Kannada	60	0	0	0
Malayalam	535	115	0	0
Tamil	370	85	0	0
Telugu	120	20	0	0
Japanese	420	205	0	0
Korean	2,885	335	0	0
Cantonese	1,675	195	0	0
Fukien	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,105	260	0	0
Taiwanese	75	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,555	160	0	0
Lao	130	20	0	0
Thai	155	70	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	730	75	0	0
Vietnamese	2,115	300	0	0
Bisayan languages	80	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	55	0	0
Malay	255	35	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,520	265	0	0
Akan (Twi)	90	30	0	0
Lingala	40	0	35	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	45	0	10	0
Swahili	180	50	20	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	160	25	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	130	45	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	125	35	0	0
Creoles	160	50	25	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	1,965	885	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	356,850	282,655	5,140	320
Non-movers	303,015	239,320	4,470	240
Movers	53,830	43,335	670	80
Non-migrants	37,620	31,240	450	50
Migrants	16,215	12,100	215	30
Internal migrants	13,125	11,050	195	0
Intraprovincial migrants	11,290	9,760	175	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,835	1,290	20	0
External migrants	3,090	1,050	25	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	340,780	268,755	4,965	295
Non-movers	190,270	152,870	2,720	130
Movers	150,510	115,890	2,245	165
Non-migrants	99,125	80,520	1,200	120
Migrants	51,385	35,370	1,050	40
Internal migrants	38,285	32,085	915	35
Intraprovincial migrants	32,955	28,080	555	35
Interprovincial migrants	5,325	4,010	365	0
External migrants	13,100	3,285	135	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	360,715	285,975	5,195	345
Canadian citizens	340,900	280,930	5,015	345
Canadian citizens only	329,710	276,805	4,865	335
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	11,195	4,125	145	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	19,820	5,040	180	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	360,720	285,975	5,195	345
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	279,580	263,020	4,435	320
Born in province of residence	251,805	238,260	2,690	245
Born outside province of residence	27,775	24,760	1,745	75
Immigrants^Footnote 19	76,585	21,985	725	25
Americas	13,860	6,000	55	0
United States	3,635	3,150	20	0
Jamaica	930	895	0	0
Guyana	440	430	0	0
Haiti	55	0	0	0
Mexico	410	40	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	570	570	0	0
Colombia	3,655	105	0	0
El Salvador	1,505	150	0	0
Peru	105	25	0	0
Chile	235	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,310	605	0	0
Europe	35,060	12,280	290	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	10,030	9,850	0	0
Italy	2,170	150	0	0
Germany	2,035	275	0	0
Poland	4,295	175	0	0
Portugal	3,635	220	0	0
Netherlands	2,300	285	0	0
France	260	30	170	0
Romania	750	40	0	0
Russian Federation	405	70	0	0
Greece	1,205	50	0	0
Ukraine	625	0	0	0
Croatia	660	0	0	0
Hungary	795	40	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,105	60	0	0
Serbia	575	30	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	590	585	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	3,620	410	80	0
Africa	3,885	1,015	220	0
Morocco	75	0	20	0
Algeria	50	0	30	0
Egypt	790	105	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	395	320	0	0
Nigeria	155	80	0	0
Ethiopia	325	0	0	0
Kenya	195	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,900	430	115	0
Asia	23,440	2,455	165	0
India	2,520	595	0	0
China^Footnote 21	2,940	215	0	0
Philippines	1,350	255	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	790	65	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	1,620	95	0	0
Pakistan	905	115	0	0
Sri Lanka	205	15	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	1,110	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	2,190	170	0	0
Lebanon	1,555	185	100	0
Taiwan	280	0	0	0
Iraq	1,835	70	0	0
Bangladesh	195	30	0	0
Afghanistan	625	0	0	0
Japan	150	0	0	0
Turkey	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	5,075	615	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	335	235	0	0
Fiji	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	275	225	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	4,555	970	30	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	11,405	2,150	115	0
Americas	3,680	800	0	0
United States	670	465	0	0
Mexico	160	0	0	0
Cuba	90	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	115	110	0	0
Brazil	55	0	0	0
Colombia	1,985	60	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	210	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	365	145	0	0
Europe	1,300	475	50	0
France	40	0	45	0
Germany	70	0	0	0
Poland	85	0	0	0
Romania	100	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	110	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	390	385	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	405	40	0	0
Africa	1,040	305	35	0
Nigeria	75	45	0	0
Ethiopia	35	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	365	20	0	0
Morocco	40	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	85	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	405	145	0	0
Asia	5,330	530	20	0
Philippines	230	65	0	0
China^Footnote 32	745	40	0	0
India	400	105	0	0
Pakistan	135	25	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	215	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	640	40	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	0	0	0
Iraq	570	25	0	0
Bangladesh	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	220	35	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	75	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	235	0	0	0
Japan	35	0	0	0
Turkey	45	0	0	0
Israel	30	0	0	0
Nepal	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	25	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	105	70	0	0
Saudi Arabia	270	30	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,050	80	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	60	45	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	360,720	285,970	5,195	345
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	279,580	263,020	4,435	315
Immigrants^Footnote 40	76,580	21,985	730	25
Before 1971	20,020	9,100	145	0
1971 to 1980	9,025	4,035	70	0
1981 to 1990	12,580	2,850	125	0
1991 to 2000	13,750	2,080	165	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	21,210	3,925	225	0
2001 to 2005	9,800	1,770	110	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	11,410	2,155	110	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	4,555	965	30	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	360,715	285,975	5,200	345
First generation^Footnote 45	82,090	23,775	805	25
Second generation^Footnote 46	76,575	64,505	725	110
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	202,060	197,690	3,665	210
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	360,720	285,975	5,195	345
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	6,845	6,555	230	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	5,035	4,930	50	0
Métis single identity	1,445	1,275	170	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	35	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	95	100	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	230	220	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	353,875	279,415	4,960	340
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	360,715	285,970	5,195	345
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	3,175	3,090	45	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	357,540	282,880	5,155	340
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	301,430	235,040	4,485	230
In the labour force	196,370	157,245	3,025	150
Employed	178,675	143,435	2,800	145
Unemployed	17,690	13,810	230	0
Not in the labour force	105,065	77,790	1,455	80
Participation rate	65.1	66.9	67.4	65.2
Employment rate	59.3	61.0	62.4	63.0
Unemployment rate	9.0	8.8	7.6	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	196,370	157,250	3,025	150
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	5,900	4,385	80	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	190,470	152,865	2,945	145
Employee	174,445	140,905	2,765	145
Self-employed	16,025	11,955	185	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	4,975	3,465	70	0
Without paid help	1,755	1,295	25	0
With paid help	3,220	2,165	50	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	10,685	8,215	110	0
Without paid help	7,420	5,845	85	0
With paid help	3,270	2,365	30	0
Unpaid family worker	365	280	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	196,370	157,245	3,025	150
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	5,900	4,385	85	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	190,470	152,865	2,945	145
0 Management occupations	17,675	14,590	210	0
00 Senior management occupations	1,540	1,300	40	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	6,355	5,410	80	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	7,145	5,715	65	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,630	2,170	20	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30,220	25,440	465	50
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	5,235	4,265	95	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	9,810	8,385	170	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,840	1,510	25	0
14 Office support occupations	9,465	7,940	110	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	3,870	3,335	70	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	11,395	8,565	175	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,955	4,200	85	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	5,440	4,365	90	0
3 Health occupations	14,660	11,440	150	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	4,330	3,665	30	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	3,725	2,690	50	0
32 Technical occupations in health	3,850	3,085	55	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,750	1,995	15	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25,855	20,835	690	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	10,980	8,465	370	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	5,505	4,550	100	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	5,145	4,345	105	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,455	1,260	50	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,775	2,215	65	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,060	4,425	90	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,825	1,545	30	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,235	2,875	55	0
6 Sales and service occupations	50,505	40,485	745	25
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	4,320	3,730	70	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,970	4,400	165	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	10,540	8,795	110	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	10,650	8,845	140	15
66 Sales support occupations	6,460	5,450	90	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	12,560	9,270	170	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	22,995	18,160	305	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	7,660	5,895	75	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,700	3,070	100	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	3,335	2,800	30	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,850	4,530	110	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	2,455	1,865	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,845	1,620	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	345	300	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	320	220	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,185	1,100	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10,265	7,305	100	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,140	820	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,485	1,835	20	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	4,235	3,040	55	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	2,400	1,610	20	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	196,370	157,250	3,030	150
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	5,895	4,385	85	0
All industries^Footnote 61	190,475	152,865	2,945	145
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	800	635	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	195	135	0	0
22 Utilities	865	710	0	0
23 Construction	10,230	8,030	95	0
31-33 Manufacturing	20,025	14,925	195	0
41 Wholesale trade	6,410	5,610	100	0
44-45 Retail trade	22,210	18,105	295	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,300	6,445	125	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,880	3,305	60	0
52 Finance and insurance	11,355	9,430	270	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,830	3,200	75	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	11,935	9,550	195	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	55	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10,250	8,300	160	0
61 Educational services	18,735	14,745	540	20
62 Health care and social assistance	26,330	21,205	310	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,415	3,910	25	0
72 Accommodation and food services	14,385	11,300	160	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	7,725	5,930	160	0
91 Public administration	8,505	7,325	175	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	178,675	143,435	2,800	145
Usual place of work	150,415	121,085	2,345	130
Work in CSD of residence	134,420	108,220	2,130	120
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	3,845	3,115	25	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	11,840	9,515	175	0
Work in a different province	315	240	0	0
Worked at home	10,510	8,650	215	0
Worked outside Canada	595	435	0	0
No fixed workplace address	17,150	13,260	235	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	167,565	134,345	2,575	130
Car, truck or van - as a driver	127,330	101,480	1,995	70
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	11,665	9,200	120	0
Public transit	14,525	11,640	275	0
Walked	9,795	8,420	145	0
Bicycle	2,805	2,460	25	0
Other methods	1,440	1,140	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	206,930	166,000	3,130	150
English	203,000	165,120	2,405	125
French	1,115	450	525	0
Non-official language	1,185	75	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,180	75	0	0
English and French	505	210	190	10
English and non-official language	1,105	145	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	206,930	166,000	3,125	150
None	200,145	163,560	2,385	115
English	1,225	375	290	0
French	2,070	1,415	415	25
Non-official language	3,305	545	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,295	530	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	165	105	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	301,435	235,040	4,485	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	51,210	38,540	740	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	83,445	67,810	840	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	166,775	128,690	2,905	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	20,820	15,845	395	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	11,795	8,890	220	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	9,030	6,950	180	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	66,985	55,370	1,140	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	10,730	7,305	210	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	68,240	50,175	1,155	40
Bachelor's degree	39,990	30,960	605	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	8,275	5,910	160	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,960	1,745	45	0
Master's degree	13,275	9,200	230	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	3,740	2,360	115	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	166,780	128,690	2,905	110
Education	11,615	9,460	335	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,510	5,470	70	0
Humanities	11,475	9,330	200	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	19,945	16,140	305	0
Business, management and public administration	32,910	25,875	540	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	6,965	4,725	110	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,165	5,295	100	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	29,800	21,150	500	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,260	1,655	45	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	29,110	22,590	435	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,995	6,970	270	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	30	30	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	166,780	128,695	2,905	115
Inside Canada	141,650	120,450	2,615	80
Newfoundland and Labrador	555	545	0	0
Prince Edward Island	100	100	0	0
Nova Scotia	1,345	1,285	20	0
New Brunswick	685	560	100	0
Quebec	2,185	1,415	460	0
Ontario	132,770	113,110	1,930	65
Manitoba	740	620	20	0
Saskatchewan	590	500	20	0
Alberta	1,440	1,260	35	0
British Columbia	1,210	1,030	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	25,130	8,245	295	30
Total population in private households by visible minority	360,715	285,975	5,200	345
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	57,965	20,345	675	60
South Asian^Footnote 79	8,010	3,285	40	0
Chinese	7,145	1,595	0	0
Black	8,760	6,840	235	25
Filipino	2,265	980	0	0
Latin American	9,640	1,245	35	0
Arab	9,320	2,635	180	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	3,750	890	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	2,955	260	0	0
Korean	2,990	505	0	0
Japanese	490	330	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	765	655	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	1,870	1,130	140	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	302,755	265,620	4,525	285
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	360,720	285,970	5,200	345
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	184,865	122,380	2,470	165
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	175,855	163,595	2,730	180
Canadian - Total responses	93,770	90,420	2,025	175
Canadian - Single responses	40,625	39,490	665	115
Canadian - Multiple responses	53,145	50,930	1,355	55
English - Total responses	110,130	109,115	495	80
English - Single responses	25,405	25,315	30	0
English - Multiple responses	84,730	83,795	465	80
French - Total responses	36,295	32,370	3,195	100
French - Single responses	3,365	2,225	1,115	0
French - Multiple responses	32,925	30,150	2,080	95
Scottish - Total responses	75,160	74,680	270	30
Scottish - Single responses	8,820	8,805	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	66,335	65,875	260	25
Irish - Total responses	73,170	72,340	520	70
Irish - Single responses	7,820	7,800	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	65,345	64,540	505	70
German - Total responses	41,395	37,710	200	30
German - Single responses	5,870	3,945	0	0
German - Multiple responses	35,520	33,760	195	30
Italian - Total responses	17,085	13,395	130	0
Italian - Single responses	5,785	2,945	10	0
Italian - Multiple responses	11,295	10,450	120	0
Chinese - Total responses	8,105	2,280	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	6,335	1,015	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,770	1,265	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	8,955	8,540	320	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	1,620	1,575	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	7,340	6,970	300	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	9,045	7,690	40	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	1,450	935	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	7,595	6,760	40	0
East Indian - Total responses	6,715	3,565	50	0
East Indian - Single responses	4,605	1,790	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	2,110	1,770	35	0
Dutch - Total responses	22,295	19,625	40	0
Dutch - Single responses	7,355	5,280	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	14,945	14,345	40	0
Polish - Total responses	15,965	9,830	95	0
Polish - Single responses	6,780	1,850	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	9,185	7,985	85	0
Filipino - Total responses	2,635	1,310	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,690	555	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	945	750	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	11,360	11,275	15	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	2,610	2,595	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	8,750	8,680	10	15
Russian - Total responses	3,755	2,600	15	0
Russian - Single responses	690	210	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	3,065	2,395	15	0
Welsh - Total responses	7,285	7,210	20	0
Welsh - Single responses	405	370	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	6,880	6,835	20	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,675	1,575	30	0
Norwegian - Single responses	85	60	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,595	1,520	25	0
Métis - Total responses	1,540	1,405	140	0
Métis - Single responses	160	150	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,380	1,255	130	0
Portuguese - Total responses	10,110	5,415	15	0
Portuguese - Single responses	6,445	2,190	10	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	3,655	3,225	0	0
American - Total responses	4,380	4,210	35	0
American - Single responses	290	275	0	0
American - Multiple responses	4,090	3,935	40	0
Spanish - Total responses	4,660	1,860	100	0
Spanish - Single responses	1,310	160	25	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	3,350	1,705	75	0
Swedish - Total responses	1,965	1,805	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	165	115	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,805	1,685	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	5,290	4,005	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	1,400	535	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	3,890	3,465	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	301,435	235,045	4,480	225
Without income	15,125	11,240	120	0
With income	286,310	223,805	4,360	225
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	29,765	22,095	380	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	21,500	16,280	285	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	25,575	19,615	315	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	25,885	18,810	410	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	42,460	32,435	560	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	34,400	27,290	595	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	29,795	23,945	545	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	21,085	17,280	345	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	26,460	21,845	450	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	15,240	12,655	245	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	14,140	11,550	235	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	7,440	6,090	120	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	6,695	5,460	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	29,478	30,987	32,929	25,241
Average income $^Footnote 94	39,229	40,351	42,804	31,129
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	301,430	235,040	4,485	225
Without after-tax income	15,170	11,265	120	0
With after-tax income	286,265	223,775	4,360	230
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	30,125	22,370	385	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	22,195	16,875	290	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	26,455	20,335	335	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	27,860	20,505	425	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	48,540	37,140	710	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	42,170	34,030	700	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	31,470	25,255	590	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	20,275	16,555	275	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	23,670	19,750	435	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	7,680	6,175	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	5,825	4,790	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	27,320	28,534	30,317	22,553
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	33,263	34,086	35,882	27,309
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	301,435	235,040	4,485	225
With employment income	205,030	164,660	3,160	155
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	30,411	31,199	35,103	19,378
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	39,760	40,192	42,325	30,828
With wages and salaries	192,315	155,325	3,015	155
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	31,720	32,058	35,784	19,378
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	39,314	39,566	42,607	30,441
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	196,370	157,245	3,025	150
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	104,105	85,050	1,725	50
All others^Footnote 105	92,270	72,195	1,305	100

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.