Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Saskatchewan^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 29.3 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
0 to 4 years	67,995	62,175	335	20
5 to 9 years	62,975	57,025	205	25
10 to 14 years	65,285	59,020	345	50
15 to 19 years	70,490	64,295	365	40
20 to 24 years	71,235	64,025	580	50
25 to 29 years	69,110	60,900	705	50
30 to 34 years	63,900	55,290	545	15
35 to 39 years	60,340	51,505	555	0
40 to 44 years	60,620	51,405	585	30
45 to 49 years	73,885	64,865	1,115	30
50 to 54 years	76,515	67,995	1,500	35
55 to 59 years	69,300	60,975	1,440	90
60 to 64 years	55,805	47,425	1,560	60
65 to 69 years	40,690	33,300	1,175	125
70 to 74 years	33,075	24,885	1,150	35
75 to 79 years	27,855	20,110	1,035	60
80 to 84 years	22,215	15,550	860	40
85 years and over	17,460	12,015	625	0
Median age^Footnote 4	37.8	36.3	56.5	58.2
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	812,500	694,540	13,795	685
Married or living with a common-law partner	485,280	412,330	9,260	400
Married (and not separated)	414,110	349,035	8,360	335
Living common law	71,170	63,295	900	65
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	327,220	282,205	4,535	285
Single (never legally married)	221,390	196,020	2,060	110
Separated	17,500	15,000	265	40
Divorced	42,340	37,495	700	35
Widowed	45,990	33,695	1,515	105
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
English	991,235	872,755	2,350	660
French	12,565	0	12,330	60
English and French	945	0	0	65
Neither English nor French	4,025	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 6	1,008,760	872,765	14,675	780
English only	958,755	842,670	2,345	205
French only	270	0	180	0
English and French	45,450	29,855	12,135	575
Neither English nor French	4,295	220	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Single responses	997,015	868,985	14,320	690
English	942,705	866,110	10,955	630
French	3,565	170	3,235	60
Non-official languages	50,745	2,705	120	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	15,415	700	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	9,470	465	0	0
Dene	5,780	155	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	165	70	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 8	29,735	1,570	75	0
Arabic	1,245	120	0	0
Bengali	760	90	0	0
Cantonese	1,275	30	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,135	125	0	0
Creoles	110	0	0	0
Dutch	105	0	0	0
German	2,575	155	0	0
Greek	325	40	0	0
Gujarati	330	0	0	0
Hindi	495	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	0	0	0
Italian	120	0	0	0
Korean	855	15	0	0
Mandarin	1,090	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,515	50	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	640	0	0	0
Polish	270	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	0	0	0
Romanian	105	0	0	0
Russian	1,305	45	0	0
Serbian	190	0	0	0
Spanish	1,720	125	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,170	520	35	0
Tamil	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,060	15	0	0
Urdu	2,005	150	0	0
Vietnamese	1,130	35	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 9	5,595	435	50	0
Multiple responses	11,745	3,780	360	90
English and French	465	80	305	60
English and non-official language	11,165	3,685	0	30
French and non-official language	90	0	50	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
None	934,845	857,265	9,605	595
English	27,560	1,700	2,080	55
French	7,400	4,395	2,710	115
Non-official language	37,760	9,215	120	0
Aboriginal	13,240	3,950	20	0
Non-Aboriginal	24,515	5,265	100	0
English and French	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language	500	0	0	0
French and non-official language	595	170	140	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 10	145,455	34,715	1,065	105
Aboriginal languages	38,870	9,870	100	35
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	35	30	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 11	27,880	7,595	85	35
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,490	670	0	0
Oji-Cree	20	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0
Dene	8,870	1,100	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	1,040	620	20	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	106,730	24,960	970	70
Italian	1,125	310	45	0
Portuguese	630	175	20	0
Romanian	890	160	0	0
Spanish	7,835	3,785	275	30
Dutch	1,675	275	0	0
Flemish	80	0	25	0
German	21,045	5,545	55	0
Yiddish	40	0	0	0
Danish	455	95	0	0
Norwegian	650	295	0	0
Swedish	370	150	0	0
Afrikaans	880	250	0	0
Gaelic languages	120	115	0	0
Bosnian	270	25	0	0
Bulgarian	45	0	0	0
Croatian	305	30	0	0
Czech	245	35	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	0	0
Polish	2,305	375	0	0
Russian	3,605	390	0	0
Serbian	560	20	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	70	0	0	0
Slovak	165	20	0	0
Slovenian	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15,415	3,990	35	0
Latvian	55	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	0	0
Greek	1,190	270	25	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	165	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	285	80	0	0
Hungarian	1,675	400	0	0
Turkish	195	45	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	140	0	0	0
Somali	540	85	0	0
Amharic	425	0	0	0
Arabic	2,595	395	40	0
Hebrew	430	75	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	290	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	405	45	0	0
Bengali	1,140	165	0	0
Gujarati	765	120	0	0
Hindi	3,310	530	0	0
Konkani	20	0	0	0
Marathi	55	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,250	265	0	0
Sindhi	90	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	135	35	0	0
Urdu	4,285	650	0	0
Nepali	490	0	0	0
Kurdish	110	0	0	0
Pashto	530	75	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,005	45	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	230	45	0	0
Kannada	170	100	0	0
Malayalam	185	80	0	0
Tamil	330	85	0	0
Telugu	165	70	0	0
Japanese	740	455	0	0
Korean	1,180	80	0	0
Cantonese	2,435	240	0	0
Fukien	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,440	345	0	0
Taiwanese	85	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,975	530	0	0
Lao	365	80	0	0
Thai	275	45	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	275	25	0	0
Vietnamese	2,240	360	35	0
Bisayan languages	1,110	375	0	0
Ilocano	410	40	0	0
Malay	205	40	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	14,445	2,480	135	0
Akan (Twi)	135	80	0	0
Lingala	105	0	65	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	115	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	535	65	110	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	245	105	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	445	125	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	215	75	0	0
Creoles	245	85	30	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 13	3,815	1,550	50	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 14	994,835	860,015	14,610	780
Non-movers	859,945	748,610	12,830	705
Movers	134,885	111,410	1,775	80
Non-migrants	78,560	67,025	850	50
Migrants	56,325	44,385	920	35
Internal migrants	48,550	42,135	870	35
Intraprovincial migrants	33,140	29,985	365	0
Interprovincial migrants	15,405	12,155	505	25
External migrants	7,780	2,250	55	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 15	940,765	810,590	14,345	760
Non-movers	576,495	502,185	9,560	515
Movers	364,265	308,400	4,780	240
Non-migrants	181,415	163,480	1,860	155
Migrants	182,850	144,920	2,920	90
Internal migrants	152,565	137,705	2,645	85
Intraprovincial migrants	93,565	86,570	1,285	55
Interprovincial migrants	58,995	51,135	1,355	30
External migrants	30,285	7,215	280	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 16	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Canadian citizens	969,720	863,300	14,225	775
Canadian citizens only	961,760	858,535	13,995	760
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	7,960	4,765	225	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 17	39,040	9,470	455	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 18	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Non-immigrants^Footnote 19	931,710	849,760	13,690	740
Born in province of residence	785,260	716,150	10,085	535
Born outside province of residence	146,450	133,615	3,605	205
Immigrants^Footnote 20	68,780	20,830	835	40
Americas	9,320	5,860	160	0
United States	5,015	4,685	60	0
Jamaica	420	420	0	0
Guyana	150	145	0	0
Haiti	100	0	90	0
Mexico	685	25	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	240	245	0	0
Colombia	455	15	0	0
El Salvador	480	40	0	0
Peru	95	0	0	0
Chile	585	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,095	255	0	0
Europe	20,630	8,925	285	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 21	7,370	7,175	20	0
Italy	525	45	0	0
Germany	2,625	480	0	0
Poland	1,310	70	0	0
Portugal	155	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,335	265	0	0
France	245	35	190	0
Romania	545	55	0	0
Russian Federation	705	30	0	0
Greece	510	20	0	0
Ukraine	1,720	90	0	0
Croatia	320	0	0	0
Hungary	295	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	305	35	0	0
Serbia	355	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	370	370	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,935	235	45	0
Africa	4,790	1,310	225	0
Morocco	110	0	25	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	220	30	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	865	415	0	0
Nigeria	535	230	0	0
Ethiopia	570	115	0	0
Kenya	180	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,290	475	190	0
Asia	33,375	4,125	155	0
India	3,085	530	0	0
China^Footnote 22	4,625	380	0	0
Philippines	12,775	2,045	100	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	730	55	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 23	1,770	60	30	0
Pakistan	3,115	345	0	0
Sri Lanka	185	45	0	0
Iran^Footnote 24	575	70	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 25	770	15	0	0
Lebanon	215	0	0	0
Taiwan	135	0	0	0
Iraq	780	50	0	0
Bangladesh	840	125	0	0
Afghanistan	295	0	0	0
Japan	135	0	0	0
Turkey	70	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	3,285	335	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 26	665	605	0	0
Fiji	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 27	645	600	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 28	8,275	2,170	160	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 29	26,925	5,200	240	0
Americas	1,775	855	55	0
United States	700	670	0	0
Mexico	100	0	0	0
Cuba	100	0	0	0
Haiti	45	0	35	0
Jamaica	75	75	0	0
Brazil	95	0	0	0
Colombia	385	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	230	65	0	0
Europe	3,815	1,135	25	0
France	25	0	20	0
Germany	315	0	0	0
Poland	85	0	0	0
Romania	75	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 31	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	395	0	0	0
Ukraine	1,085	55	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 32	1,050	1,000	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	740	60	0	0
Africa	2,400	635	65	0
Nigeria	310	145	0	0
Ethiopia	360	90	0	0
Mauritius	110	0	0	0
Somalia	200	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	0	0	0
Morocco	60	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	90	0	20	0
South Africa, Republic of	505	220	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	710	160	45	0
Asia	18,805	2,455	95	0
Philippines	10,090	1,635	85	0
China^Footnote 33	1,755	135	0	0
India	1,415	185	0	0
Pakistan	805	140	0	0
Iran^Footnote 34	325	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 35	560	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	65	30	0	0
Iraq	430	0	0	0
Bangladesh	485	90	0	0
Lebanon	55	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 36	435	25	0	0
Taiwan	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	115	0	0	0
Japan	55	0	0	0
Turkey	35	30	0	0
Israel	140	0	0	0
Nepal	240	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	35	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	35	25	0	0
Syria^Footnote 37	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,620	125	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 38	130	120	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 39	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Non-immigrants^Footnote 40	931,710	849,760	13,690	740
Immigrants^Footnote 41	68,775	20,830	835	40
Before 1971	12,725	6,110	170	0
1971 to 1980	6,300	3,240	60	10
1981 to 1990	6,020	1,845	105	0
1991 to 2000	8,860	2,435	130	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 42	34,880	7,200	365	0
2001 to 2005	7,955	1,995	125	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 43	26,925	5,200	245	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	8,275	2,175	160	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 45	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
First generation^Footnote 46	78,615	24,385	1,010	40
Second generation^Footnote 47	136,910	112,170	1,765	100
Third generation or more^Footnote 48	793,230	736,210	11,905	645
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 49	157,740	125,365	1,375	160
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 50	103,205	76,285	80	25
Métis single identity	52,455	47,200	1,270	140
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	295	260	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 51	675	630	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 52	1,115	995	20	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	851,020	747,400	13,300	615
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 53	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 54	97,830	71,915	80	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	910,930	800,850	14,595	760
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 55	812,505	694,540	13,795	685
In the labour force	562,305	498,080	8,090	385
Employed	529,095	469,405	7,865	385
Unemployed	33,210	28,675	220	0
Not in the labour force	250,190	196,460	5,705	300
Participation rate	69.2	71.7	58.6	56.2
Employment rate	65.1	67.6	57.0	56.2
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.8	2.7	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	562,310	498,080	8,085	385
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 56	7,595	5,890	70	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 57	554,715	492,190	8,015	385
Employee	472,930	419,950	6,425	330
Self-employed	81,785	72,235	1,590	55
Self-employed (incorporated)	27,290	24,220	635	10
Without paid help	11,755	10,350	305	10
With paid help	15,535	13,870	330	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	50,780	44,890	930	45
Without paid help	39,810	35,520	670	40
With paid help	10,970	9,365	260	0
Unpaid family worker	3,710	3,130	25	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	562,305	498,080	8,090	385
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 58	7,595	5,890	70	0
All occupations^Footnote 59	554,715	492,190	8,015	385
0 Management occupations	81,230	73,250	1,420	65
00 Senior management occupations	4,360	3,860	80	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	16,235	14,725	350	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	18,195	16,110	260	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	42,450	38,555	730	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	80,640	73,605	1,175	85
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	11,825	10,745	215	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	27,560	25,110	425	40
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	7,015	6,485	140	0
14 Office support occupations	23,400	21,250	310	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	10,850	10,015	90	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	26,275	22,695	460	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	12,695	10,495	240	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	13,580	12,200	225	0
3 Health occupations	38,805	34,035	620	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	11,710	10,515	190	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	6,605	5,365	135	0
32 Technical occupations in health	9,865	9,035	160	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	10,620	9,120	135	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	62,305	54,150	1,250	35
40 Professional occupations in education services	22,420	19,330	575	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	12,215	10,680	175	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	11,475	10,020	165	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	4,660	4,190	125	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	11,545	9,935	205	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	9,995	8,930	210	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	3,880	3,380	125	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	6,120	5,545	85	0
6 Sales and service occupations	118,755	102,905	1,015	120
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	8,895	8,355	75	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	17,085	13,965	140	60
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	23,080	21,310	190	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	22,205	19,880	255	0
66 Sales support occupations	17,175	15,005	80	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	30,315	24,400	275	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	94,870	85,455	1,270	40
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	34,225	30,705	435	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	18,490	16,855	235	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	6,755	6,185	75	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	26,865	23,890	420	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	8,535	7,820	105	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	26,385	24,005	410	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	7,465	6,940	60	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	12,710	11,275	280	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	6,210	5,785	65	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15,445	13,165	185	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	5,310	4,905	100	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	4,240	3,505	50	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,425	1,930	30	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,470	2,825	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 60	562,310	498,080	8,090	385
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 61	7,595	5,895	70	0
All industries^Footnote 62	554,710	492,190	8,020	385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	51,365	45,810	1,095	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	22,985	21,365	305	0
22 Utilities	5,335	4,955	35	0
23 Construction	42,980	39,320	595	15
31-33 Manufacturing	26,460	22,665	330	0
41 Wholesale trade	21,130	19,645	150	0
44-45 Retail trade	60,940	55,200	550	40
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25,390	22,955	380	20
51 Information and cultural industries	10,900	9,840	155	0
52 Finance and insurance	21,125	19,445	385	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	7,445	6,665	100	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	23,525	21,035	390	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	570	500	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	13,425	11,470	185	0
61 Educational services	43,995	38,090	985	0
62 Health care and social assistance	65,450	57,570	915	95
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	9,830	8,980	110	0
72 Accommodation and food services	34,085	27,240	315	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	25,445	22,305	325	0
91 Public administration	42,340	37,135	705	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 63	529,095	469,405	7,870	385
Usual place of work	404,370	357,220	5,710	295
Work in CSD of residence	280,325	243,680	3,960	215
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	86,055	78,765	1,305	55
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	29,155	26,770	355	0
Work in a different province	8,830	8,005	85	0
Worked at home	59,360	52,875	1,245	70
Worked outside Canada	655	540	0	0
No fixed workplace address	64,710	58,770	905	20
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 64	469,080	415,990	6,615	310
Car, truck or van - as a driver	382,000	344,130	5,440	205
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	28,715	24,410	310	50
Public transit	12,990	9,795	160	0
Walked	31,480	25,780	525	25
Bicycle	5,705	4,950	90	0
Other methods	8,185	6,925	90	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 65	603,920	534,655	8,740	440
English	597,065	533,055	7,600	380
French	1,900	800	980	50
Non-official language	3,365	220	0	0
Aboriginal	1,530	95	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,835	120	0	0
English and French	380	175	150	0
English and non-official language	1,190	400	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 66	603,920	534,650	8,740	440
None	586,995	529,645	6,605	370
English	3,105	705	630	45
French	3,600	1,925	1,475	25
Non-official language	9,895	2,245	15	0
Aboriginal	5,270	1,005	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,630	1,245	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	315	135	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	812,500	694,540	13,795	685
No certificate, diploma or degree	200,425	160,205	3,445	245
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 68	228,755	206,400	2,995	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	383,320	327,935	7,345	330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 70	98,820	86,665	1,895	130
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 71	49,475	42,785	995	60
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 72	49,345	43,880	900	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	127,300	113,320	2,305	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 73	32,775	26,630	690	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	124,425	101,320	2,455	105
Bachelor's degree	90,720	76,730	1,610	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	8,515	6,380	155	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,705	2,555	100	0
Master's degree	17,075	12,765	490	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 74	4,410	2,895	105	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 75	383,320	327,940	7,345	335
Education	43,070	36,810	1,415	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	8,345	7,380	135	0
Humanities	14,335	12,000	315	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25,195	21,515	345	0
Business, management and public administration	79,100	68,520	1,440	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,705	7,675	250	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10,565	8,225	130	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	83,860	70,965	1,465	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15,075	13,180	200	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 76	66,670	57,610	1,225	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	27,370	24,030	430	55
Other fields of study^Footnote 77	30	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 78	383,320	327,935	7,350	330
Inside Canada	351,095	316,510	6,950	320
Newfoundland and Labrador	715	700	0	0
Prince Edward Island	175	155	15	0
Nova Scotia	1,470	1,390	35	0
New Brunswick	735	630	85	0
Quebec	2,070	1,160	565	55
Ontario	12,325	10,375	465	0
Manitoba	10,675	9,420	360	0
Saskatchewan	285,735	258,125	4,705	215
Alberta	29,320	27,485	595	0
British Columbia	7,560	6,810	95	0
Yukon	115	95	0	0
Northwest Territories	170	145	0	0
Nunavut	10	0	0	0
Outside Canada	32,225	11,425	400	15
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,008,755	872,765	14,680	780
Total visible minority population^Footnote 79	63,275	18,975	855	30
South Asian^Footnote 80	12,325	3,295	30	0
Chinese	11,300	3,005	40	0
Black	7,255	4,255	520	0
Filipino	16,030	3,965	135	0
Latin American	3,250	495	0	0
Arab	2,095	420	40	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 81	4,915	1,490	45	0
West Asian^Footnote 82	1,600	155	0	0
Korean	1,265	90	0	0
Japanese	725	500	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 83	745	410	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 84	1,775	900	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 85	945,485	853,790	13,825	755
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 86	1,008,760	872,765	14,680	780
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 87	451,235	342,010	8,490	305
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 88	557,530	530,755	6,190	475
Canadian - Total responses	189,165	180,440	4,250	255
Canadian - Single responses	85,945	83,085	1,440	60
Canadian - Multiple responses	103,220	97,360	2,820	190
English - Total responses	251,185	249,330	895	65
English - Single responses	35,365	35,175	80	0
English - Multiple responses	215,820	214,155	815	55
French - Total responses	122,620	108,795	11,400	525
French - Single responses	13,535	7,590	5,745	140
French - Multiple responses	109,090	101,210	5,655	380
Scottish - Total responses	190,450	188,875	475	70
Scottish - Single responses	14,325	14,250	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	176,125	174,630	470	65
Irish - Total responses	156,660	155,435	720	95
Irish - Single responses	9,935	9,890	20	0
Irish - Multiple responses	146,720	145,545	705	95
German - Total responses	288,790	271,200	495	140
German - Single responses	67,135	56,015	20	0
German - Multiple responses	221,655	215,180	475	140
Italian - Total responses	9,535	8,480	195	0
Italian - Single responses	1,410	800	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	8,125	7,675	190	0
Chinese - Total responses	13,990	4,365	65	0
Chinese - Single responses	9,525	1,505	40	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	4,460	2,860	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	122,340	92,255	435	40
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	81,000	54,810	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	41,340	37,440	395	35
Ukrainian - Total responses	136,415	122,385	130	60
Ukrainian - Single responses	32,795	22,855	20	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	103,625	99,535	105	55
East Indian - Total responses	7,825	2,885	50	0
East Indian - Single responses	5,490	1,400	25	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	2,330	1,490	20	0
Dutch - Total responses	34,490	30,350	95	25
Dutch - Single responses	5,970	3,855	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	28,515	26,490	95	25
Polish - Total responses	58,090	52,835	125	35
Polish - Single responses	6,430	4,615	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	51,655	48,225	115	40
Filipino - Total responses	16,710	4,415	135	0
Filipino - Single responses	14,090	3,165	135	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	2,620	1,250	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 89	12,700	12,540	35	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 90	1,935	1,900	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	10,765	10,640	35	0
Russian - Total responses	38,935	34,435	0	45
Russian - Single responses	4,425	2,945	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	34,515	31,490	0	40
Welsh - Total responses	17,420	17,300	30	0
Welsh - Single responses	715	665	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	16,710	16,635	35	0
Norwegian - Total responses	69,495	68,720	135	0
Norwegian - Single responses	7,825	7,445	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	61,670	61,280	130	0
Métis - Total responses	45,955	43,015	1,315	115
Métis - Single responses	9,750	8,895	105	50
Métis - Multiple responses	36,205	34,115	1,210	60
Portuguese - Total responses	1,125	790	10	0
Portuguese - Single responses	300	115	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	825	675	10	0
American - Total responses	15,335	14,830	165	0
American - Single responses	1,330	1,285	25	0
American - Multiple responses	14,010	13,545	135	0
Spanish - Total responses	4,580	2,435	95	0
Spanish - Single responses	550	95	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	4,035	2,340	90	0
Swedish - Total responses	32,705	32,290	20	0
Swedish - Single responses	2,465	2,315	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	30,240	29,975	20	0
Hungarian - Total responses	27,770	25,975	45	0
Hungarian - Single responses	5,005	3,780	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	22,770	22,195	30	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 92	812,505	694,535	13,795	685
Without income	36,305	29,815	180	15
With income	776,195	664,725	13,615	675
Under $5,000^Footnote 93	71,795	58,675	750	40
$5,000 to $9,999	53,605	45,435	595	70
$10,000 to $14,999	62,920	52,745	1,140	50
$15,000 to $19,999	75,270	58,930	1,820	105
$20,000 to $29,999	108,770	90,365	2,155	165
$30,000 to $39,999	100,160	85,740	1,800	125
$40,000 to $49,999	81,730	72,265	1,340	15
$50,000 to $59,999	58,995	52,625	1,180	0
$60,000 to $79,999	77,820	70,715	1,470	35
$80,000 to $99,999	40,360	36,530	695	30
$100,000 and over	44,775	40,690	670	10
$100,000 to $124,999	23,425	21,325	280	0
$125,000 and over	21,345	19,360	390	0
Median income $^Footnote 94	31,408	32,959	31,467	21,609
Average income $^Footnote 95	40,798	42,029	41,958	29,537
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 96	812,500	694,535	13,795	685
Without after-tax income	36,355	29,855	180	10
With after-tax income	776,140	664,685	13,615	670
Under $5,000^Footnote 97	72,990	59,735	770	40
$5,000 to $9,999	54,505	46,110	655	70
$10,000 to $14,999	64,845	54,410	1,130	50
$15,000 to $19,999	80,750	63,855	1,900	145
$20,000 to $29,999	130,235	109,175	2,660	155
$30,000 to $39,999	119,530	103,510	1,995	110
$40,000 to $49,999	89,080	79,360	1,640	30
$50,000 to $59,999	58,725	53,050	1,090	20
$60,000 to $79,999	64,580	58,600	1,120	45
$80,000 to $99,999	23,205	20,960	325	0
$100,000 and over	17,710	15,915	330	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 98	28,792	29,902	28,669	21,259
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 99	34,327	35,194	35,543	26,367
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 100	812,500	694,535	13,795	685
With employment income	588,015	521,645	8,920	420
Median employment income $^Footnote 101	31,799	32,725	32,664	20,712
Average employment income $^Footnote 102	40,730	41,387	41,973	26,572
With wages and salaries	527,460	469,920	7,360	365
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	33,772	34,462	37,419	27,186
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 104	42,189	42,863	46,338	29,831
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	562,310	498,080	8,090	385
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 105	313,000	280,935	4,650	150
All others^Footnote 106	249,310	217,150	3,435	235

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 7

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 9

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 10

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 11

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 16

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 17

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 18

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 19

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 20

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 21

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 22

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 23

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 24

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 25

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 26

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 28

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 29

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 30

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 31

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 32

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 33

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 34

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 35

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 36

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 37

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 38

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 39

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 40

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 41

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 46

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 47

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 48

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 49

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 50

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 51

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 55

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 56

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 58

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 64

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 65

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 67

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 68

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 69

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 71

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 72

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 74

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 75

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 76

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 77

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 78

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 79

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 80

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 82

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 83

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 85

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 86

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 87

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 88

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 93

Including loss.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

For population with income.

Footnote 96

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 97

Including loss.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 100

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with employment income.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 105

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 106

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.