Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Division No. 16
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 32.8 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	36,730	31,635	755	30
0 to 4 years	2,765	2,650	0	0
5 to 9 years	2,740	2,615	0	0
10 to 14 years	2,735	2,590	0	0
15 to 19 years	2,710	2,560	0	0
20 to 24 years	2,050	1,870	25	0
25 to 29 years	2,095	1,920	0	0
30 to 34 years	1,955	1,710	0	0
35 to 39 years	1,970	1,675	0	0
40 to 44 years	2,035	1,670	20	0
45 to 49 years	2,495	2,165	30	0
50 to 54 years	2,740	2,345	60	0
55 to 59 years	2,620	2,120	65	0
60 to 64 years	2,265	1,880	85	0
65 to 69 years	1,675	1,315	90	0
70 to 74 years	1,255	825	90	0
75 to 79 years	1,280	955	80	0
80 to 84 years	765	405	115	0
85 years and over	590	375	40	0
Median age^Footnote 3	38.1	34.7	66.3	68.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	28,490	23,780	740	30
Married or living with a common-law partner	16,750	14,055	550	20
Married (and not separated)	13,890	11,630	515	20
Living common law	2,865	2,425	35	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	11,740	9,725	190	0
Single (never legally married)	7,525	6,635	45	0
Separated	755	620	0	0
Divorced	1,640	1,345	0	0
Widowed	1,820	1,130	130	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	36,730	31,635	755	35
English	35,905	31,635	95	35
French	665	0	660	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	130	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	36,730	31,635	755	35
English only	34,730	30,495	95	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,855	1,125	660	15
Neither English nor French	145	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	36,730	31,635	755	35
Single responses	36,485	31,515	755	35
English	34,600	31,405	615	35
French	175	0	140	0
Non-official languages	1,710	105	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	970	35	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	960	35	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	525	45	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	80	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	50	0	0	0
Spanish	35	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	220	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	125	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	245	125	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	36,730	31,635	755	35
None	34,080	30,960	415	25
English	595	15	120	0
French	390	160	200	0
Non-official language	1,605	495	0	0
Aboriginal	800	260	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	810	230	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	5,420	1,465	55	0
Aboriginal languages	2,630	840	20	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	2,550	790	20	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	40	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,795	620	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	30	0	0	0
Spanish	170	55	0	0
Dutch	105	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	395	135	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	0	0
Swedish	50	35	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	0	0	0
Russian	70	0	0	0
Serbian	170	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	975	175	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	65	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	65	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	50	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	295	50	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	145	30	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	36,180	31,105	755	30
Non-movers	31,960	27,355	710	30
Movers	4,220	3,750	45	0
Non-migrants	2,240	2,100	0	0
Migrants	1,980	1,650	25	0
Internal migrants	1,830	1,635	30	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385	1,305	30	0
Interprovincial migrants	445	325	0	0
External migrants	150	20	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	33,965	28,985	755	30
Non-movers	22,330	18,850	635	20
Movers	11,635	10,135	115	0
Non-migrants	4,830	4,470	65	0
Migrants	6,800	5,665	55	0
Internal migrants	5,940	5,445	55	0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,010	3,705	35	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,930	1,740	15	0
External migrants	855	225	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	36,735	31,640	755	35
Canadian citizens	35,770	31,390	755	30
Canadian citizens only	35,685	31,315	755	35
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	85	75	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	960	240	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	36,730	31,635	755	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	35,005	31,045	745	30
Born in province of residence	30,985	27,250	655	30
Born outside province of residence	4,015	3,795	90	0
Immigrants^Footnote 19	1,510	550	0	0
Americas	115	95	0	0
United States	95	95	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	765	270	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	250	240	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	30	0	0	0
Poland	45	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	80	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	0	0
Serbia	190	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	0	0
Africa	90	45	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	510	105	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 21	120	55	0	0
Philippines	295	50	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	215	45	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	720	150	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	295	45	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	205	0	0	0
Africa	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	360	65	0	0
Philippines	260	35	0	0
China^Footnote 32	75	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	36,730	31,640	755	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	35,005	31,045	750	30
Immigrants^Footnote 40	1,510	545	0	0
Before 1971	320	130	0	0
1971 to 1980	155	110	0	0
1981 to 1990	65	30	0	0
1991 to 2000	125	60	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	850	215	0	0
2001 to 2005	130	70	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	720	145	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	220	45	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	36,735	31,635	755	35
First generation^Footnote 45	1,770	630	0	0
Second generation^Footnote 46	4,590	3,750	90	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	30,375	27,260	660	10
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	36,730	31,640	755	35
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	11,660	9,720	60	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	8,885	7,050	0	0
Métis single identity	2,705	2,600	50	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	30	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	20	20	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	20	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	25,070	21,915	695	30
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	36,730	31,635	755	30
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	8,750	6,895	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,980	24,740	750	35
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	28,490	23,780	745	25
In the labour force	18,035	15,925	300	20
Employed	16,435	14,540	290	20
Unemployed	1,600	1,385	0	0
Not in the labour force	10,450	7,855	440	0
Participation rate	63.3	67.0	40.3	80.0
Employment rate	57.7	61.1	38.9	80.0
Unemployment rate	8.9	8.7	0.0	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	18,040	15,930	300	25
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 55	485	380	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	17,560	15,545	300	20
Employee	14,235	12,690	205	0
Self-employed	3,320	2,850	100	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	955	840	35	0
Without paid help	465	405	20	0
With paid help	485	435	10	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,235	1,880	65	0
Without paid help	1,710	1,450	55	0
With paid help	525	435	0	0
Unpaid family worker	140	135	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	18,040	15,925	300	20
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	480	385	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 58	17,555	15,550	300	20
0 Management occupations	2,980	2,565	100	0
00 Senior management occupations	75	60	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	345	315	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	505	455	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,055	1,745	70	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,775	1,595	25	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	195	175	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	585	550	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	170	155	0	0
14 Office support occupations	565	490	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	255	225	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	480	460	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	210	195	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	270	265	0	0
3 Health occupations	1,260	1,060	40	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	325	270	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	130	95	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	315	270	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	490	420	20	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,460	2,235	20	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	820	765	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	470	425	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	495	445	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	90	75	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	580	525	15	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	235	200	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	80	70	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	135	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,810	3,395	30	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	240	235	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	500	440	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	565	545	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	655	600	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	655	585	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,195	990	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,030	2,695	45	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,035	895	25	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	655	605	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	105	100	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	955	835	10	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	285	265	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,085	985	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	160	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	650	560	15	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	270	260	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	440	360	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	100	90	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	90	85	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	20	20	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	230	160	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	18,040	15,925	300	25
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	480	385	0	0
All industries^Footnote 61	17,555	15,545	300	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,775	2,385	90	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	495	455	25	0
22 Utilities	105	90	0	0
23 Construction	1,345	1,200	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	575	460	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	360	340	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,950	1,800	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	655	565	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	240	225	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	485	455	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	150	150	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	405	380	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	335	305	0	0
61 Educational services	1,540	1,390	20	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,560	2,205	45	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	630	570	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	920	755	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	805	740	10	0
91 Public administration	1,220	1,040	15	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	16,440	14,540	295	20
Usual place of work	11,585	10,225	170	0
Work in CSD of residence	6,750	5,745	105	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	2,635	2,445	45	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,930	1,775	20	0
Work in a different province	270	260	0	0
Worked at home	2,845	2,465	80	0
Worked outside Canada	25	20	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,990	1,830	40	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	13,575	12,055	210	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,120	9,950	160	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,005	840	0	0
Public transit	120	100	0	0
Walked	950	815	25	0
Bicycle	95	85	0	0
Other methods	295	270	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	19,385	17,070	370	20
English	19,235	17,005	345	25
French	45	35	10	0
Non-official language	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	19,385	17,070	375	20
None	18,690	16,835	305	25
English	70	40	0	0
French	105	55	55	0
Non-official language	510	140	0	0
Aboriginal	380	115	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	30	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	28,490	23,780	740	30
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,535	7,490	280	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	7,265	6,370	175	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	11,690	9,920	285	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	3,330	2,900	105	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	1,700	1,475	30	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	1,630	1,430	75	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,520	3,950	115	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	975	735	35	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,870	2,330	35	0
Bachelor's degree	2,130	1,765	20	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	225	135	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	0	0
Master's degree	405	350	0	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	55	60	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	11,695	9,920	285	20
Education	1,730	1,460	45	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	170	0	0
Humanities	440	370	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	660	605	10	0
Business, management and public administration	1,935	1,625	55	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	145	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	175	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,480	2,115	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	630	560	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	2,320	1,880	85	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	915	800	15	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	11,695	9,920	285	15
Inside Canada	10,945	9,600	285	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	0	0	0	0
New Brunswick	0	0	0	0
Quebec	45	30	15	0
Ontario	335	290	0	0
Manitoba	90	85	0	0
Saskatchewan	8,975	7,850	195	0
Alberta	1,100	985	60	0
British Columbia	365	335	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	755	320	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	36,730	31,635	755	35
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	1,030	360	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 79	140	0	0	0
Chinese	170	95	0	0
Black	175	115	0	0
Filipino	320	70	0	0
Latin American	90	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	55	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 81	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	35,705	31,275	750	30
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	36,730	31,635	755	35
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	18,885	14,685	500	15
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	17,845	16,950	255	20
Canadian - Total responses	5,930	5,525	255	0
Canadian - Single responses	2,840	2,655	130	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	3,095	2,875	125	0
English - Total responses	8,165	8,065	25	0
English - Single responses	1,180	1,175	0	0
English - Multiple responses	6,985	6,890	25	0
French - Total responses	5,565	4,885	575	15
French - Single responses	870	515	355	0
French - Multiple responses	4,690	4,375	220	0
Scottish - Total responses	5,405	5,350	0	0
Scottish - Single responses	320	320	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	5,085	5,025	0	0
Irish - Total responses	4,425	4,390	0	0
Irish - Single responses	185	185	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	4,240	4,205	0	0
German - Total responses	8,015	7,660	0	0
German - Single responses	1,665	1,445	0	0
German - Multiple responses	6,355	6,215	0	0
Italian - Total responses	325	320	0	0
Italian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	320	320	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	210	110	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	170	95	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	40	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	9,715	7,845	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	7,355	5,660	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	2,365	2,185	15	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	4,525	3,685	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	1,210	595	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	3,315	3,090	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	150	65	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	70	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	80	65	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	1,400	1,210	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	355	235	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,040	970	0	0
Polish - Total responses	2,155	1,930	0	0
Polish - Single responses	280	255	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,880	1,675	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	300	70	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	270	40	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	25	30	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	370	370	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	105	105	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	265	265	0	0
Russian - Total responses	900	795	0	0
Russian - Single responses	80	10	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	815	785	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	690	665	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	685	660	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	2,400	2,385	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	270	255	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,130	2,130	0	0
Métis - Total responses	2,720	2,520	115	0
Métis - Single responses	515	515	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,205	2,005	115	0
Portuguese - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
American - Total responses	475	470	0	0
American - Single responses	0	0	0	0
American - Multiple responses	440	435	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	55	25	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	50	30	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	1,220	1,205	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	130	115	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,090	1,090	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	925	810	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	240	140	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	685	670	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	28,490	23,780	740	30
Without income	1,325	1,170	0	0
With income	27,165	22,610	740	30
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	3,450	2,730	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,135	1,805	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,730	2,265	125	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,340	2,665	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	3,985	3,150	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,325	2,735	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,700	2,225	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,620	1,460	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	2,250	2,090	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	975	875	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	665	615	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	410	375	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	255	245	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 93	24,745	25,733	22,837	20,415
Average income $^Footnote 94	32,094	33,323	29,998	26,424
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	28,490	23,785	740	30
Without after-tax income	1,330	1,170	0	0
With after-tax income	27,165	22,610	740	25
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	3,470	2,750	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,185	1,845	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,715	2,275	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,600	2,880	145	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,840	3,845	155	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,620	2,980	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,725	2,375	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,740	1,645	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,640	1,460	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	445	380	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	185	180	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	23,120	24,015	22,671	20,415
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	28,104	28,979	26,794	24,141
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	28,490	23,780	740	30
With employment income	19,000	16,640	375	20
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	25,072	25,606	16,140	-5,604
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	32,038	32,938	27,928	16,337
With wages and salaries	16,430	14,555	260	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	26,436	26,678	35,079	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	33,806	34,407	38,256	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	18,035	15,925	300	20
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	9,320	8,245	175	0
All others^Footnote 105	8,720	7,685	125	20

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.