Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

• Income statistics in 2010 (3B): Total - Population with income and without income in 2010

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Écosse
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 28.2 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^Footnote 7	768,060	716,250	51,815	745,135	22,930	764,600	3,460
Male	368,635	331,960	36,680	351,080	17,555	365,815	2,825
Female	399,420	384,295	15,130	394,050	5,375	398,785	640
Total - Age groups^Footnote 8	768,065	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,465
15 to 24 years	115,835	115,750	85	115,805	35	115,835	0
25 to 54 years	372,110	337,600	34,510	357,970	14,145	370,190	1,920
25 to 34 years	102,080	98,405	3,675	101,085	995	102,005	75
35 to 44 years	117,370	105,215	12,150	112,530	4,840	116,780	595
45 to 54 years	152,660	133,975	18,685	144,355	8,305	151,405	1,255
55 to 64 years	135,880	123,805	12,080	129,675	6,210	134,900	980
65 years and over	144,230	139,095	5,135	141,680	2,555	143,670	560
65 to 74 years	84,365	80,710	3,655	82,495	1,865	83,980	380
75 years and over	59,865	58,390	1,480	59,180	690	59,690	180
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 9	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,925	764,600	3,460
Married or living with a common-law partner	452,215	409,745	42,470	432,925	19,290	449,185	3,035
Married (and not separated)	375,290	337,270	38,015	357,900	17,380	372,525	2,760
Living common law	76,930	72,475	4,455	75,025	1,905	76,655	275
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	315,845	306,505	9,340	312,200	3,640	315,420	425
Single (never legally married)	202,350	198,670	3,685	200,945	1,405	202,230	120
Separated	22,865	21,100	1,765	22,085	780	22,760	105
Divorced	45,195	42,665	2,530	44,350	840	45,085	105
Widowed	45,435	44,070	1,370	44,820	615	45,340	95
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,460
Total persons in households with at least one census family	621,600	576,210	45,385	601,185	20,420	618,450	3,150
Married spouses, common-law partners	448,905	406,605	42,300	429,710	19,195	445,880	3,025
Lone parents	45,685	43,430	2,255	44,920	765	45,585	105
Children in families with two parents present	76,305	76,065	240	76,185	120	76,310	0
Children in families with one parent present	34,720	34,455	265	34,570	155	34,705	15
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	9,670	9,515	160	9,580	90	9,660	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	6,315	6,140	170	6,220	90	6,310	0
Total persons in non-census family households	146,460	140,040	6,425	143,950	2,510	146,150	310
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	6,615	6,480	130	6,575	40	6,615	0
Living with non-relatives only	31,585	30,855	730	31,295	290	31,555	0
Living alone	108,260	102,700	5,560	106,080	2,180	107,980	280
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^Footnote 13	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,460
Economic family persons	621,905	576,555	45,350	601,540	20,365	618,750	3,150
Couple family	531,595	489,055	42,540	512,285	19,310	528,570	3,030
Couple only	228,355	212,605	15,745	221,145	7,205	227,145	1,205
Couple with children	294,245	267,895	26,350	282,355	11,890	292,475	1,770
Couple with other relatives only	9,000	8,550	455	8,780	220	8,955	45
Lone-parent family	75,640	73,190	2,450	74,740	905	75,525	115
Female-parent family	61,055	59,585	1,470	60,560	495	60,975	75
Female-parent family with no other relatives	58,500	57,065	1,430	58,015	485	58,425	80
Male-parent family	14,585	13,610	980	14,180	405	14,550	35
Male-parent family with no other relatives	13,625	12,720	900	13,270	355	13,585	40
Other economic family^Footnote 14	14,665	14,305	355	14,515	150	14,660	0
Persons not in an economic family	146,155	139,695	6,460	143,590	2,565	145,845	305
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,135	22,930	764,600	3,460
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 15	25,685	24,595	1,085	25,400	285	25,660	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 16	15,865	15,250	615	15,720	150	15,855	15
Métis single identity	8,355	7,980	375	8,245	110	8,345	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	510	460	50	500	0	510	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 17	175	180	0	180	0	180	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 18	770	725	50	750	20	770	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	742,380	691,650	50,725	719,730	22,645	738,945	3,440
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 19	768,060	716,245	51,815	745,130	22,930	764,595	3,460
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 20	10,800	10,465	340	10,690	110	10,800	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	757,260	705,785	51,475	734,440	22,815	753,800	3,460
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 21	768,065	716,250	51,810	745,135	22,930	764,600	3,460
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 22	40,085	38,255	1,830	39,445	645	40,040	50
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 23	31,230	29,890	1,340	30,775	450	31,195	30
Métis ancestry	8,400	7,980	415	8,240	155	8,375	20
Inuit ancestry	1,215	1,105	110	1,170	45	1,215	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 24	727,975	677,995	49,980	705,685	22,290	724,560	3,415
Total - Generation status^Footnote 25	768,060	716,250	51,815	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,465
First generation^Footnote 26	53,150	48,045	5,100	50,385	2,765	52,635	510
Second generation^Footnote 27	55,135	50,210	4,925	52,690	2,445	54,670	465
Third generation or more^Footnote 28	659,775	617,995	41,785	642,065	17,715	657,295	2,485
Total - Population by visible minority^Footnote 29	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,460
Total visible minority population^Footnote 30	35,965	33,825	2,140	34,965	1,000	35,780	185
South Asian^Footnote 31	3,965	3,460	505	3,645	325	3,885	80
Chinese	4,770	4,445	320	4,610	155	4,725	40
Black	14,905	14,315	590	14,735	165	14,885	20
Filipino	1,435	1,365	70	1,395	35	1,430	0
Latin American	1,135	1,045	95	1,120	15	1,135	0
Arab	5,010	4,735	275	4,910	100	4,990	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 32	995	950	45	955	35	990	0
West Asian^Footnote 33	1,125	1,045	85	1,055	70	1,120	0
Korean	845	785	60	805	35	830	0
Japanese	330	310	25	325	0	330	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 34	460	445	0	460	0	460	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 35	995	920	65	945	45	995	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 36	732,095	682,425	49,675	710,160	21,930	728,820	3,275
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 37	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,595	3,460
Non-immigrants^Footnote 38	717,135	670,130	47,010	696,820	20,320	714,175	2,960
Immigrants^Footnote 39	44,655	40,025	4,635	42,175	2,485	44,210	445
Before 1981	20,585	18,170	2,415	19,290	1,295	20,335	250
1981 to 1990	4,915	4,185	730	4,515	395	4,865	50
1991 to 2000	6,425	5,775	655	6,080	345	6,380	50
2001 to 2009	10,700	9,945	760	10,295	405	10,600	100
2001 to 2005	4,250	3,820	430	3,990	260	4,185	60
2006 to 2009	6,455	6,130	330	6,305	150	6,415	35
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 40	768,060	716,250	51,815	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,460
English	706,530	659,540	46,990	685,940	20,595	703,445	3,085
French	27,590	25,465	2,125	26,765	825	27,505	85
Non-official language	30,520	28,025	2,495	29,110	1,405	30,270	245
Aboriginal	3,405	3,350	50	3,380	25	3,400	0
Non-Aboriginal	27,115	24,675	2,445	25,735	1,380	26,870	250
English and French	1,005	965	40	1,000	0	1,000	0
English and non-official language	2,115	1,975	145	2,020	100	2,080	40
French and non-official language	245	225	25	245	0	245	0
English, French and non-official language	55	55	0	55	0	55	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 41	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,460
English	739,785	690,255	49,530	717,745	22,040	736,420	3,370
French	26,595	24,480	2,115	25,790	805	26,505	90
English and French	975	870	105	945	30	970	0
Neither English nor French	705	645	60	645	55	705	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 42	768,060	716,245	51,810	745,130	22,930	764,600	3,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	171,510	169,575	1,935	170,735	775	171,380	130
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 43	183,310	177,780	5,525	181,065	2,245	182,965	345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 44	413,240	368,885	44,350	393,335	19,905	410,255	2,985
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	267,845	251,215	16,630	261,675	6,170	267,335	510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 45	90,315	85,045	5,270	88,270	2,050	90,175	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	148,705	140,385	8,315	145,765	2,940	148,450	250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 46	28,825	25,780	3,040	27,645	1,180	28,710	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	145,395	117,675	27,720	131,655	13,740	142,920	2,475
Bachelor's degree	93,710	79,355	14,355	87,050	6,660	92,530	1,180
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 47	51,680	38,320	13,360	44,600	7,080	50,390	1,295
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 48	768,060	716,250	51,815	745,135	22,930	764,600	3,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 49	354,820	347,360	7,460	351,800	3,020	354,345	480
Education	34,900	31,920	2,980	34,040	855	34,835	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,850	9,435	415	9,720	125	9,845	0
Humanities	19,725	17,825	1,905	18,860	870	19,635	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	33,585	29,455	4,135	31,625	1,960	33,210	375
Business, management and public administration	92,770	83,415	9,345	87,920	4,845	91,950	815
Physical and life sciences and technologies	14,490	12,095	2,395	13,250	1,240	14,240	245
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	14,850	13,070	1,780	14,120	730	14,750	100
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	92,620	81,215	11,410	87,815	4,800	92,110	505
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,860	7,265	595	7,680	180	7,850	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 50	61,385	54,090	7,290	57,920	3,465	60,655	730
Personal, protective and transportation services	31,170	29,075	2,100	30,345	830	31,140	35
Other fields of study^Footnote 51	40	35	0	30	0	35	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 52	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,135	22,930	764,595	3,465
Industry - Not applicable^Footnote 53	247,240	243,950	3,285	245,800	1,440	246,995	240
All industries^Footnote 54	520,820	472,300	48,520	499,335	21,490	517,605	3,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	21,000	20,080	920	20,610	385	20,925	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,050	2,775	1,270	3,190	860	3,900	150
22 Utilities	3,135	2,275	855	2,735	395	3,060	70
23 Construction	35,100	32,420	2,685	33,760	1,335	34,960	140
31-33 Manufacturing	36,710	33,235	3,480	35,065	1,645	36,370	345
41 Wholesale trade	16,305	14,190	2,115	15,165	1,140	16,140	165
44-45 Retail trade	67,210	64,555	2,655	66,050	1,160	67,045	160
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20,965	19,200	1,770	20,175	790	20,905	65
51 Information and cultural industries	10,645	9,315	1,330	10,070	570	10,555	85
52 Finance and insurance	16,715	14,180	2,540	15,340	1,380	16,360	355
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	7,585	6,840	745	7,255	330	7,550	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25,865	21,280	4,580	23,345	2,520	25,400	470
55 Management of companies and enterprises	400	335	60	360	35	390	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	26,770	25,915	855	26,350	425	26,740	35
61 Educational services	43,180	38,255	4,925	41,390	1,780	42,970	205
62 Health care and social assistance	64,010	58,435	5,570	61,440	2,570	63,470	540
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	11,640	11,395	245	11,545	95	11,615	0
72 Accommodation and food services	36,230	35,845	375	35,985	240	36,200	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	22,290	21,175	1,110	21,755	535	22,240	55
91 Public administration	51,030	40,585	10,440	47,730	3,300	50,825	205
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 55	768,060	716,250	51,810	745,135	22,930	764,600	3,460
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 56	247,240	243,950	3,290	245,800	1,435	246,995	245
All occupations^Footnote 57	520,820	472,300	48,525	499,335	21,495	517,605	3,215
0 Management occupations	50,315	36,485	13,835	43,595	6,720	49,140	1,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	76,615	71,540	5,075	74,305	2,315	76,200	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30,170	24,105	6,065	27,460	2,710	29,905	265
3 Health occupations	35,845	30,425	5,420	33,085	2,760	35,200	645
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	67,220	58,530	8,690	64,160	3,055	66,880	340
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	13,835	13,405	435	13,645	195	13,785	50
6 Sales and service occupations	130,865	128,315	2,550	129,685	1,185	130,735	135
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	74,380	70,215	4,165	72,830	1,550	74,285	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	21,370	20,165	1,205	20,825	545	21,325	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20,205	19,115	1,085	19,755	455	20,150	60

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 19

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 56

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011036.