Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Ontario^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 27.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
0 to 4 years	702,600	644,225	19,360	2,180
5 to 9 years	711,195	682,945	19,665	5,690
10 to 14 years	764,330	730,830	21,600	10,390
15 to 19 years	856,950	820,690	24,715	9,720
20 to 24 years	845,395	811,185	24,765	6,180
25 to 29 years	808,445	772,660	25,180	5,190
30 to 34 years	793,585	753,570	28,790	5,200
35 to 39 years	838,135	792,310	31,980	6,125
40 to 44 years	917,720	865,045	34,700	6,225
45 to 49 years	1,049,865	982,105	45,035	5,220
50 to 54 years	997,740	927,975	46,035	4,575
55 to 59 years	856,175	790,950	39,850	3,805
60 to 64 years	757,215	694,475	36,405	2,680
65 to 69 years	557,410	500,450	30,155	2,300
70 to 74 years	432,775	382,655	21,235	1,910
75 to 79 years	343,820	298,290	16,745	1,335
80 to 84 years	245,250	212,790	10,975	885
85 years and over	173,185	149,140	6,775	665
Median age^Footnote 4	40.0	39.4	46.4	30.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	10,473,665	9,754,285	423,345	62,005
Married or living with a common-law partner	6,132,130	5,682,085	263,750	33,435
Married (and not separated)	5,348,915	4,954,120	213,605	31,700
Living common law	783,215	727,965	50,145	1,735
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	4,341,535	4,072,200	159,595	28,570
Single (never legally married)	2,921,495	2,792,605	92,670	23,300
Separated	305,935	284,050	14,040	1,155
Divorced	581,280	540,915	26,140	2,430
Widowed	532,825	454,630	26,745	1,690
Total population in private households by mother tongue	12,651,790	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
Single responses	12,423,615	11,599,935	473,675	74,730
English	8,674,200	8,673,710	495	0
French	473,315	15,420	457,890	0
Non-official languages	3,276,100	2,910,800	15,290	74,735
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	13,905	13,510	0	35
Cree, n.o.s.	3,490	3,330	0	30
Dene	35	35	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	200	195	0	0
Mi'kmaq	65	70	0	0
Ojibway	7,900	7,770	0	10
Oji-Cree	2,210	2,110	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	2,812,025	2,486,260	10,335	63,845
Arabic	130,950	111,610	2,355	9,155
Bengali	38,105	35,735	25	930
Cantonese	189,160	147,025	105	2,410
Chinese, n.o.s.	187,065	151,930	145	2,380
Creoles	10,395	4,140	3,495	2,465
Dutch	58,790	58,050	175	390
German	135,915	129,975	370	1,575
Greek	58,635	55,060	100	645
Gujarati	68,650	61,710	70	780
Hindi	49,650	47,425	40	620
Hungarian	37,955	34,470	55	765
Italian	248,475	227,195	660	2,210
Korean	64,970	57,020	40	840
Mandarin	121,765	97,470	55	1,660
Panjabi (Punjabi)	174,875	149,060	70	2,665
Persian (Farsi)	99,550	88,580	170	3,115
Polish	126,920	118,110	170	3,090
Portuguese	146,970	126,420	525	2,725
Romanian	39,035	31,510	300	5,225
Russian	92,540	81,420	115	3,760
Serbian	39,490	35,485	35	1,925
Spanish	173,935	154,155	785	7,160
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	161,355	159,285	65	435
Tamil	121,885	109,925	50	2,370
Ukrainian	40,750	38,240	25	925
Urdu	123,815	116,240	95	1,650
Vietnamese	70,430	59,015	240	1,975
Other languages^Footnote 8	450,170	411,025	4,950	10,850
Multiple responses	228,175	212,350	10,290	5,540
English and French	18,940	12,640	1,620	4,680
English and non-official language	196,445	196,290	165	0
French and non-official language	10,525	2,150	8,375	0
English, French and non-official language	2,260	1,275	130	855
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,270
English only	10,936,510	10,936,510	0	0
French only	39,690	0	39,695	0
English and French	1,393,160	868,940	443,985	80,240
Neither English nor French	282,430	6,835	290	35
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	12,651,790	11,812,280	483,965	80,270
Single responses	12,207,315	11,393,135	465,700	73,205
English	10,061,500	9,873,860	187,640	0
French	282,225	10,400	271,825	0
Non-official languages	1,863,595	1,508,880	6,235	73,205
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	4,465	4,080	0	30
Cree, n.o.s.	1,360	1,200	0	30
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	15	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	2,365	2,235	0	0
Oji-Cree	705	610	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	1,649,760	1,328,475	4,910	62,940
Arabic	75,755	58,080	1,250	8,645
Bengali	27,455	25,050	30	960
Cantonese	150,030	104,725	20	2,585
Chinese, n.o.s.	132,035	98,965	75	2,215
Creoles	5,010	1,030	1,275	2,400
Dutch	5,370	4,810	0	375
German	37,145	31,670	60	1,415
Greek	24,610	21,115	50	660
Gujarati	44,365	37,545	30	780
Hindi	27,260	24,945	0	670
Hungarian	14,390	11,030	20	705
Italian	86,195	65,400	295	2,155
Korean	48,535	40,590	25	840
Mandarin	100,820	75,735	35	1,740
Panjabi (Punjabi)	129,800	104,400	30	2,545
Persian (Farsi)	70,550	59,450	110	3,135
Polish	62,595	54,030	55	3,030
Portuguese	69,785	49,500	280	2,700
Romanian	21,500	14,130	175	5,185
Russian	66,535	55,070	75	3,825
Serbian	25,320	21,290	15	1,945
Spanish	104,025	84,335	600	7,195
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	77,875	75,810	40	410
Tamil	93,845	81,945	40	2,340
Ukrainian	15,105	12,815	0	875
Urdu	83,115	75,230	100	1,700
Vietnamese	50,725	39,785	210	1,900
Other languages^Footnote 12	209,370	176,325	1,325	10,235
Multiple responses	444,475	419,145	18,270	7,065
English and French	19,820	3,670	10,905	5,235
English and non-official language	415,820	414,055	1,770	0
French and non-official language	5,770	695	5,075	0
English, French and non-official language	3,065	715	510	1,830
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	12,651,795	11,812,285	483,965	80,270
None	10,557,190	10,015,610	255,095	32,275
English	905,240	735,585	121,355	37,455
French	215,190	121,790	90,315	2,865
Non-official language	937,570	912,975	12,685	2,095
Aboriginal	11,580	11,410	160	0
Non-Aboriginal	925,990	901,565	12,525	2,100
English and French	6,260	945	375	4,900
English and non-official language	15,410	12,125	2,665	470
French and non-official language	14,695	13,205	1,445	35
English, French and non-official language	245	45	0	170
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	3,958,660	3,547,815	59,505	76,050
Aboriginal languages	23,160	22,475	255	70
Algonquin	175	155	15	0
Atikamekw	185	190	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	4,645	4,480	0	30
Mi'kmaq	110	95	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	12,350	12,180	45	10
Oji-Cree	2,445	2,345	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	65	60	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	280	260	20	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	3,180	2,965	165	30
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,936,135	3,525,950	59,280	75,985
Italian	352,770	324,925	5,390	3,865
Portuguese	182,240	160,075	1,720	3,080
Romanian	44,990	36,955	430	5,465
Spanish	303,620	264,130	17,265	9,835
Dutch	71,805	70,200	600	545
Flemish	3,345	3,100	180	65
German	200,630	189,460	3,830	3,195
Yiddish	8,460	8,290	55	0
Danish	6,290	6,185	50	30
Norwegian	2,220	2,155	15	50
Swedish	5,400	5,185	130	75
Afrikaans	7,595	7,495	45	45
Gaelic languages	3,180	3,150	20	0
Bosnian	7,845	7,050	0	265
Bulgarian	9,800	8,820	50	505
Croatian	44,550	42,505	75	865
Czech	13,865	13,170	75	265
Macedonian	20,825	19,715	65	315
Polish	146,765	137,080	555	3,310
Russian	125,775	111,710	510	4,910
Serbian	48,145	43,675	180	2,045
Serbo-Croatian	6,075	5,625	45	205
Slovak	11,395	10,980	25	105
Slovenian	8,835	8,680	10	110
Ukrainian	56,385	52,730	175	1,255
Latvian	5,225	4,950	0	225
Lithuanian	6,540	6,250	60	125
Greek	81,440	77,160	640	760
Armenian	15,530	13,290	285	1,120
Albanian	19,130	17,195	195	490
Estonian	5,410	5,260	0	115
Finnish	11,985	11,650	40	70
Hungarian	44,260	40,440	170	905
Turkish	23,745	21,320	125	690
Berber languages (Kabyle)	190	55	135	0
Oromo	2,185	1,840	245	35
Somali	28,160	23,905	1,370	1,415
Amharic	12,640	12,060	45	215
Arabic	182,645	154,920	8,045	10,415
Hebrew	40,835	38,975	620	690
Maltese	7,100	7,040	0	25
Tigrigna	6,390	6,090	0	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	17,880	15,530	0	195
Bengali	45,430	42,980	100	940
Gujarati	87,800	80,400	250	860
Hindi	201,450	191,710	575	2,365
Konkani	4,725	4,700	0	0
Marathi	7,115	6,900	0	115
Panjabi (Punjabi)	238,130	210,780	115	3,200
Sindhi	8,980	8,495	20	115
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,955	16,500	0	160
Urdu	177,945	168,445	310	1,980
Nepali	5,260	4,815	0	90
Kurdish	6,970	6,055	35	200
Pashto	10,675	9,370	40	280
Persian (Farsi)	115,680	103,610	355	3,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	4,865	4,445	55	125
Kannada	3,320	3,220	0	80
Malayalam	14,875	14,410	0	120
Tamil	149,030	136,860	140	2,470
Telugu	9,160	8,885	20	100
Japanese	23,335	21,800	355	355
Korean	71,170	63,025	100	875
Cantonese	234,790	187,890	270	2,740
Fukien	3,235	2,530	0	0
Hakka	3,615	3,070	60	60
Mandarin	177,235	143,895	350	2,640
Taiwanese	4,545	3,990	0	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	191,180	157,655	430	2,200
Lao	7,395	6,625	100	190
Thai	5,020	4,670	40	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	9,160	7,835	95	200
Vietnamese	87,240	73,115	640	2,070
Bisayan languages	7,705	7,625	0	0
Ilocano	10,405	10,225	0	50
Malay	9,150	8,970	55	30
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	211,760	209,415	170	480
Akan (Twi)	14,810	14,595	45	70
Lingala	3,520	300	2,870	335
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,975	265	1,300	360
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	1,460	510	725	220
Swahili	15,595	12,475	2,270	585
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	5,340	4,120	1,110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	12,660	10,845	1,505	220
African languages, n.i.e.	5,135	4,590	345	105
Creoles	23,545	10,980	9,645	2,600
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	57,915	51,490	1,820	790
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	12,517,320	11,692,755	480,275	79,750
Non-movers	11,069,630	10,349,765	423,935	68,680
Movers	1,447,695	1,342,995	56,335	11,065
Non-migrants	852,965	795,410	33,490	5,955
Migrants	594,725	547,585	22,845	5,110
Internal migrants	475,460	447,095	19,360	3,060
Intraprovincial migrants	419,420	398,705	13,520	2,035
Interprovincial migrants	56,040	48,390	5,840	1,030
External migrants	119,270	100,485	3,485	2,050
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	11,949,190	11,168,060	464,605	78,085
Non-movers	7,469,250	6,998,970	290,075	41,595
Movers	4,479,940	4,169,085	174,530	36,495
Non-migrants	2,486,065	2,328,920	95,740	17,475
Migrants	1,993,875	1,840,170	78,790	19,025
Internal migrants	1,514,735	1,424,335	65,245	9,540
Intraprovincial migrants	1,337,130	1,272,820	44,145	6,035
Interprovincial migrants	177,600	151,510	21,105	3,505
External migrants	479,145	415,830	13,545	9,485
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	12,651,790	11,812,285	483,965	80,270
Canadian citizens	11,784,075	11,065,735	466,525	66,335
Canadian citizens only	11,322,670	10,645,900	455,915	53,080
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	461,405	419,835	10,605	13,250
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	867,715	746,545	17,440	13,940
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	8,906,005	8,415,710	430,725	23,345
Born in province of residence	7,916,105	7,561,960	298,440	20,680
Born outside province of residence	989,895	853,755	132,285	2,665
Immigrants^Footnote 23	3,611,365	3,276,990	49,585	55,180
Americas	580,040	552,980	9,140	7,350
United States	115,045	113,015	1,345	445
Jamaica	111,475	111,375	40	0
Guyana	80,075	79,995	50	0
Haiti	9,280	1,535	6,450	1,120
Mexico	27,180	24,785	115	910
Trinidad and Tobago	54,680	54,590	75	0
Colombia	26,720	23,185	105	1,465
El Salvador	19,650	17,615	110	460
Peru	10,320	9,235	90	335
Chile	8,630	7,725	105	325
Other places of birth in Americas	117,000	109,925	660	2,285
Europe	1,206,005	1,115,525	14,680	18,695
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	291,935	291,420	300	165
Italy	170,710	150,370	720	1,590
Germany	68,170	66,725	535	770
Poland	101,820	95,335	160	1,575
Portugal	103,760	85,795	485	1,395
Netherlands	53,395	52,945	125	290
France	12,935	4,120	8,540	250
Romania	40,695	33,925	350	4,860
Russian Federation	41,920	37,230	145	1,455
Greece	39,410	36,315	70	275
Ukraine	38,960	35,475	65	880
Croatia	27,940	26,550	55	330
Hungary	23,515	21,635	65	285
Bosnia and Herzegovina	22,110	20,095	55	680
Serbia	23,840	22,165	60	840
Ireland, Republic of	16,990	16,990	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	127,905	118,420	2,950	3,055
Africa	195,900	164,155	21,135	7,290
Morocco	5,395	1,890	2,605	835
Algeria	2,415	645	1,360	385
Egypt	26,200	22,410	1,645	1,530
South Africa, Republic of	18,405	18,330	50	20
Nigeria	17,215	17,120	0	40
Ethiopia	13,150	12,475	160	210
Kenya	14,170	13,810	30	155
Other places of birth in Africa	98,950	77,470	15,260	4,115
Asia	1,617,330	1,432,475	4,560	21,790
India	310,410	282,115	200	2,300
China^Footnote 25	267,775	194,240	320	2,825
Philippines	204,035	202,190	95	375
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	105,855	96,940	45	950
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	79,645	64,165	445	1,460
Pakistan	114,595	109,390	100	1,145
Sri Lanka	110,800	101,445	80	1,275
Iran^Footnote 27	70,305	63,920	180	2,070
Korea, South^Footnote 28	55,490	49,355	60	680
Lebanon	30,135	23,295	2,010	3,655
Taiwan	17,425	15,870	25	135
Iraq	36,350	31,770	75	515
Bangladesh	30,210	28,630	85	585
Afghanistan	26,385	22,920	40	485
Japan	8,015	7,615	15	85
Turkey	13,875	12,400	105	450
Other places of birth in Asia	136,030	126,220	680	2,805
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	12,085	11,845	70	60
Fiji	2,395	2,300	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	9,690	9,540	60	50
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	134,420	119,580	3,655	1,750
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	501,055	428,790	12,375	10,565
Americas	82,225	73,560	2,700	2,430
United States	20,675	19,985	315	175
Mexico	6,640	5,690	45	300
Cuba	2,620	2,320	0	75
Haiti	3,785	870	2,175	665
Jamaica	8,610	8,600	0	0
Brazil	3,890	3,495	15	185
Colombia	10,715	9,105	0	485
Guyana	5,620	5,615	0	0
Peru	1,955	1,635	30	135
Venezuela^Footnote 33	2,095	1,900	0	105
Other places of birth in Americas	15,615	14,350	85	300
Europe	59,945	49,140	2,160	2,470
France	1,805	160	1,610	0
Germany	2,040	1,840	50	130
Poland	3,190	2,730	0	45
Romania	4,725	3,225	60	795
Moldova^Footnote 34	1,415	1,190	30	145
Russian Federation	7,885	6,455	35	325
Ukraine	5,635	4,575	0	195
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	11,145	11,100	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	22,100	17,865	355	795
Africa	40,955	31,130	6,575	1,990
Nigeria	7,410	7,365	0	0
Ethiopia	2,480	2,320	0	0
Mauritius	1,520	330	790	400
Somalia	2,425	1,920	90	90
Algeria	595	120	385	70
Egypt	6,245	5,515	110	315
Morocco	1,115	245	610	245
Tunisia	265	35	145	70
Cameroon	1,215	395	800	25
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	1,790	300	1,320	155
South Africa, Republic of	1,430	1,405	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	14,470	11,175	2,300	570
Asia	316,080	273,165	935	3,645
Philippines	53,235	52,750	25	90
China^Footnote 36	53,950	36,070	80	445
India	67,175	60,110	45	490
Pakistan	23,370	21,690	45	170
Iran^Footnote 37	16,920	14,610	50	540
South Korea^Footnote 38	9,945	8,755	20	85
Sri Lanka	16,600	14,510	0	230
Iraq	12,085	9,275	40	300
Bangladesh	9,525	8,915	0	85
Lebanon	3,645	2,580	435	485
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	4,810	3,535	15	115
Taiwan	2,280	2,080	0	30
Afghanistan	4,885	4,045	0	25
Japan	1,905	1,785	0	15
Turkey	3,255	2,730	35	130
Israel	2,820	2,685	0	40
Nepal	2,780	2,600	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	2,125	1,830	0	25
United Arab Emirates	3,570	3,450	15	45
Saudi Arabia	2,470	2,310	20	0
Syria^Footnote 40	2,025	1,850	0	45
Other places of birth in Asia	16,695	14,995	65	220
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	1,860	1,805	0	30
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	8,906,005	8,415,715	430,730	23,345
Immigrants^Footnote 44	3,611,365	3,276,985	49,585	55,180
Before 1971	723,025	684,330	7,800	4,025
1971 to 1980	464,380	433,565	5,145	3,995
1981 to 1990	538,280	489,020	6,130	8,070
1991 to 2000	866,215	777,305	10,205	16,390
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	1,019,465	892,760	20,310	22,695
2001 to 2005	518,405	463,970	7,935	12,135
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	501,055	428,790	12,375	10,565
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	134,420	119,575	3,655	1,750
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	12,651,790	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
First generation^Footnote 49	3,779,630	3,428,285	54,690	57,115
Second generation^Footnote 50	2,849,290	2,764,110	33,620	19,310
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	6,022,870	5,619,885	395,650	3,855
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,275
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	301,425	277,645	22,885	430
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	201,100	193,330	7,170	140
Métis single identity	86,020	70,975	14,775	255
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	3,355	3,195	155	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	2,910	2,645	255	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	8,045	7,490	525	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,350,360	11,534,640	461,080	79,845
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	12,651,795	11,812,280	483,965	80,270
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	141,165	136,810	3,835	95
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,510,630	11,675,470	480,135	80,175
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	10,473,665	9,754,285	423,345	62,010
In the labour force	6,864,990	6,492,070	268,715	39,985
Employed	6,297,000	5,955,055	251,350	35,330
Unemployed	567,985	537,020	17,365	4,655
Not in the labour force	3,608,685	3,262,210	154,630	22,020
Participation rate	65.5	66.6	63.5	64.5
Employment rate	60.1	61.1	59.4	57.0
Unemployment rate	8.3	8.3	6.5	11.6
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	6,864,985	6,492,070	268,710	39,985
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	184,735	173,855	4,835	1,965
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	6,680,250	6,318,220	263,875	38,020
Employee	5,973,825	5,647,685	239,785	34,040
Self-employed	706,425	670,530	24,090	3,980
Self-employed (incorporated)	245,845	233,660	8,460	1,335
Without paid help	97,795	92,715	3,445	660
With paid help	148,045	140,940	5,015	675
Self-employed (unincorporated)	441,630	418,905	15,175	2,485
Without paid help	310,455	295,325	10,810	1,640
With paid help	131,170	123,585	4,365	850
Unpaid family worker	18,955	17,965	455	160
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	6,864,985	6,492,075	268,710	39,985
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	184,740	173,855	4,840	1,970
All occupations^Footnote 62	6,680,250	6,318,215	263,875	38,020
0 Management occupations	770,580	731,645	30,460	3,825
00 Senior management occupations	80,205	75,560	3,890	385
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	284,290	268,595	13,145	1,675
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	246,150	235,245	7,645	1,010
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	159,935	152,245	5,780	755
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,138,330	1,076,580	49,555	6,810
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	241,820	229,720	9,335	1,910
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	368,960	345,915	19,630	2,015
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	75,980	72,585	2,585	385
14 Office support occupations	309,440	292,425	13,455	1,975
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	142,125	135,935	4,550	515
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	494,500	469,610	18,605	4,695
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	295,860	281,040	10,320	3,585
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	198,635	188,570	8,285	1,120
3 Health occupations	392,695	374,265	14,900	2,250
30 Professional occupations in nursing	110,530	105,930	3,965	390
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	87,155	82,945	2,975	1,035
32 Technical occupations in health	107,320	102,085	4,280	485
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	87,685	83,305	3,685	335
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	801,465	751,060	41,300	5,910
40 Professional occupations in education services	285,975	265,410	17,305	2,610
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	191,580	180,060	9,355	1,670
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	147,955	139,920	6,515	900
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	60,195	56,230	3,775	110
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	115,765	109,435	4,345	625
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	206,420	196,255	8,070	1,480
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	78,645	73,635	4,065	625
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,775	122,620	4,010	860
6 Sales and service occupations	1,550,260	1,467,750	52,745	8,985
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	151,685	145,620	4,710	800
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	191,190	177,155	6,555	965
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	329,705	316,080	9,435	1,870
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	319,355	301,560	13,080	2,465
66 Sales support occupations	210,615	200,615	6,935	1,055
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	347,715	326,725	12,030	1,835
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	868,510	821,560	34,855	2,805
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	304,480	287,825	12,000	930
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	165,340	156,680	7,425	345
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	98,875	94,645	2,590	350
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	224,680	212,205	9,845	900
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	75,135	70,205	2,995	290
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	106,810	100,145	5,155	225
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	21,605	19,015	2,460	45
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	34,930	32,810	1,480	65
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	50,275	48,320	1,220	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	350,680	329,350	8,230	1,025
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	47,245	45,390	1,445	100
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	101,430	94,055	2,695	305
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	116,705	111,160	2,215	395
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	85,305	78,750	1,870	225
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	6,864,985	6,492,075	268,710	39,985
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	184,740	173,855	4,835	1,970
All industries^Footnote 65	6,680,250	6,318,220	263,875	38,015
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	101,280	95,240	4,475	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	29,990	24,785	5,030	105
22 Utilities	57,035	55,020	1,775	170
23 Construction	417,895	393,480	17,605	1,670
31-33 Manufacturing	697,570	663,015	17,710	2,805
41 Wholesale trade	305,030	289,440	10,435	1,640
44-45 Retail trade	751,200	717,165	23,690	3,950
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	307,405	292,540	11,440	1,560
51 Information and cultural industries	178,715	171,630	5,410	1,020
52 Finance and insurance	364,415	348,665	11,535	2,735
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	133,980	128,295	3,890	890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	511,020	488,985	15,825	4,020
55 Management of companies and enterprises	6,525	6,325	130	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	309,630	293,315	10,370	1,975
61 Educational services	499,690	465,100	29,200	3,920
62 Health care and social assistance	692,130	656,975	28,640	3,450
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	144,060	138,830	4,125	590
72 Accommodation and food services	417,675	395,410	10,775	2,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	296,340	279,910	11,695	1,265
91 Public administration	458,665	414,085	40,110	3,585
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	6,297,005	5,955,055	251,345	35,335
Usual place of work	5,170,975	4,889,130	211,125	29,030
Work in CSD of residence	3,051,625	2,863,180	143,065	19,530
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	810,580	778,585	26,685	1,950
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,271,170	1,217,820	34,200	6,785
Work in a different province	37,600	29,545	7,175	765
Worked at home	423,790	402,510	15,270	2,285
Worked outside Canada	31,390	29,520	750	405
No fixed workplace address	670,835	633,895	24,210	3,620
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	5,841,815	5,523,030	235,335	32,645
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,235,315	4,017,095	170,590	19,075
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	357,110	334,270	13,610	2,065
Public transit	818,270	766,700	31,180	8,895
Walked	299,095	281,150	13,725	1,855
Bicycle	69,885	65,660	3,340	385
Other methods	62,150	58,150	2,880	370
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	7,251,570	6,853,970	286,095	41,950
English	6,946,425	6,705,650	181,780	33,955
French	94,480	16,825	75,510	2,090
Non-official language	105,920	63,885	335	1,105
Aboriginal	975	955	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	104,945	62,935	335	1,095
English and French	54,120	22,340	27,905	3,840
English and non-official language	48,700	44,160	125	625
French and non-official language	275	95	145	0
English, French and non-official language	1,645	1,010	300	320
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	7,251,570	6,853,965	286,090	41,955
None	6,716,645	6,484,000	143,405	30,790
English	96,395	44,285	45,345	1,590
French	239,920	138,470	95,415	5,955
Non-official language	189,765	180,180	1,060	2,795
Aboriginal	4,320	4,300	15	0
Non-Aboriginal	185,440	175,875	1,045	2,780
English and French	305	165	55	85
English and non-official language	1,170	870	170	35
French and non-official language	7,345	5,970	635	700
English, French and non-official language	35	20	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	10,473,665	9,754,285	423,340	62,010
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,954,520	1,721,355	86,075	9,290
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	2,801,805	2,637,515	102,120	12,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	5,717,340	5,395,420	235,150	40,400
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	771,140	719,020	41,950	2,950
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	419,335	388,755	24,070	1,725
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	351,810	330,260	17,880	1,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,070,875	1,962,720	87,565	7,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	427,145	401,100	16,270	3,460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,448,175	2,312,575	89,365	26,460
Bachelor's degree	1,515,075	1,437,300	53,010	12,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	291,785	273,525	11,785	3,845
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	64,875	61,510	1,655	860
Master's degree	489,935	460,570	18,780	7,300
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	86,510	79,665	4,125	2,010
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	5,717,340	5,395,415	235,150	40,405
Education	387,620	357,760	23,595	2,265
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	222,150	212,440	6,805	1,355
Humanities	348,195	327,530	13,575	3,975
Social and behavioural sciences and law	682,330	646,790	26,200	5,180
Business, management and public administration	1,222,405	1,154,795	50,905	8,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	229,270	217,430	6,815	2,600
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	267,625	253,795	9,525	2,470
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,151,375	1,085,100	46,320	7,990
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	103,820	98,405	4,140	485
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	791,625	750,355	30,970	4,320
Personal, protective and transportation services	309,720	289,865	16,255	1,295
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	1,210	1,155	55	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	5,717,340	5,395,420	235,150	40,400
Inside Canada	4,525,690	4,284,615	215,305	19,595
Newfoundland and Labrador	20,505	20,370	100	0
Prince Edward Island	4,375	4,255	115	0
Nova Scotia	48,670	47,340	1,205	105
New Brunswick	23,090	19,630	3,395	55
Quebec	132,565	91,805	37,680	2,970
Ontario	4,172,810	3,981,595	169,325	16,030
Manitoba	28,615	27,610	890	50
Saskatchewan	14,355	13,950	355	35
Alberta	39,675	38,250	1,230	160
British Columbia	40,170	38,980	965	165
Yukon	235	230	0	0
Northwest Territories	290	270	0	0
Nunavut	340	320	25	0
Outside Canada	1,191,650	1,110,800	19,845	20,805
Total population in private households by visible minority	12,651,790	11,812,280	483,965	80,270
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	3,279,570	2,989,475	46,865	43,595
South Asian^Footnote 83	965,990	903,815	2,465	10,305
Chinese	629,140	523,475	2,390	6,795
Black	539,210	501,045	30,055	5,065
Filipino	275,380	272,750	315	520
Latin American	172,560	156,135	1,080	5,355
Arab	151,645	131,075	5,900	7,295
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	137,870	122,880	1,240	2,520
West Asian^Footnote 85	122,525	109,850	405	3,355
Korean	78,295	70,315	175	850
Japanese	29,090	28,150	165	140
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	81,125	78,410	1,485	500
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	96,735	91,570	1,180	895
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	9,372,225	8,822,805	437,105	36,675
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	12,651,795	11,812,285	483,965	80,270
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	7,157,220	6,578,965	262,260	62,995
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	5,494,575	5,233,315	221,705	17,285
Canadian - Total responses	2,946,095	2,684,240	253,140	3,395
Canadian - Single responses	1,257,340	1,143,760	110,430	1,030
Canadian - Multiple responses	1,688,755	1,540,480	142,710	2,360
English- Total responses	2,925,660	2,892,800	30,400	1,580
English - Single responses	606,885	605,505	1,250	40
English - Multiple responses	2,318,775	2,287,300	29,155	1,540
French - Total responses	1,362,320	1,073,015	285,080	3,620
French - Single responses	172,785	76,615	95,770	360
French - Multiple responses	1,189,535	996,400	189,310	3,260
Scottish - Total responses	2,080,545	2,061,195	18,390	670
Scottish - Single responses	240,755	240,035	690	20
Scottish - Multiple responses	1,839,790	1,821,165	17,700	650
Irish - Total responses	2,069,115	2,034,480	33,320	940
Irish - Single responses	221,885	219,765	2,075	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,847,230	1,814,710	31,245	930
German - Total responses	1,154,555	1,135,730	13,355	2,330
German - Single responses	198,915	195,865	895	745
German - Multiple responses	955,635	939,865	12,450	1,590
Italian - Total responses	883,990	850,530	10,725	3,570
Italian - Single responses	456,795	434,595	1,970	2,140
Italian - Multiple responses	427,190	415,935	8,755	1,430
Chinese - Total responses	713,245	603,685	3,035	7,300
Chinese - Single responses	581,555	478,430	1,525	6,615
Chinese - Multiple responses	131,690	125,255	1,515	685
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	345,870	322,085	22,845	440
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	83,065	80,940	1,685	35
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	262,810	241,150	21,160	405
Ukrainian - Total responses	342,005	334,100	2,215	2,225
Ukrainian - Single responses	77,915	75,045	190	935
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	264,085	259,060	2,030	1,290
East Indian - Total responses	678,465	638,305	3,475	6,295
East Indian - Single responses	521,125	487,550	1,575	5,015
East Indian - Multiple responses	157,340	150,755	1,895	1,285
Dutch - Total responses	508,590	504,280	3,030	695
Dutch - Single responses	160,485	159,700	300	270
Dutch - Multiple responses	348,110	344,585	2,730	425
Polish- Total responses	475,560	461,150	4,395	3,855
Polish - Single responses	161,295	152,670	700	2,735
Polish - Multiple responses	314,270	308,480	3,695	1,125
Filipino - Total responses	295,700	292,870	380	595
Filipino - Single responses	222,785	220,580	95	440
Filipino - Multiple responses	72,915	72,290	285	160
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	293,170	290,785	2,110	125
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	69,345	69,175	155	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	223,825	221,610	1,955	130
Russian- Total responses	186,940	176,940	1,005	3,290
Russian - Single responses	45,450	41,050	125	1,395
Russian - Multiple responses	141,485	135,890	875	1,895
Welsh - Total responses	192,650	191,665	915	30
Welsh - Single responses	12,455	12,385	60	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	180,195	179,275	855	25
Norwegian - Total responses	56,215	55,605	545	60
Norwegian - Single responses	4,130	4,085	25	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	52,085	51,520	520	40
Métis - Total responses	97,045	79,560	17,245	220
Métis - Single responses	7,715	5,860	1,780	75
Métis - Multiple responses	89,330	73,705	15,470	150
Portuguese - Total responses	295,035	273,055	2,255	2,555
Portuguese - Single responses	184,170	164,885	785	2,035
Portuguese - Multiple responses	110,860	108,170	1,475	520
American - Total responses	136,500	133,345	2,800	150
American - Single responses	11,400	11,190	140	0
American - Multiple responses	125,105	122,155	2,660	140
Spanish - Total responses	164,650	154,325	4,145	2,945
Spanish - Single responses	30,000	27,485	505	730
Spanish - Multiple responses	134,655	126,840	3,635	2,210
Swedish - Total responses	67,795	67,020	690	50
Swedish - Single responses	5,085	5,045	30	10
Swedish - Multiple responses	62,710	61,975	660	40
Hungarian - Total responses	148,960	144,320	875	1,185
Hungarian - Single responses	43,425	40,940	95	630
Hungarian - Multiple responses	105,535	103,375	780	555
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	10,473,670	9,754,285	423,345	62,010
Without income	556,515	517,110	16,450	6,715
With income	9,917,155	9,237,175	406,895	55,290
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	1,064,160	991,985	30,455	9,330
$5,000 to $9,999	716,195	665,440	24,545	5,225
$10,000 to $14,999	872,790	799,615	32,160	4,910
$15,000 to $19,999	875,275	782,565	34,365	4,640
$20,000 to $29,999	1,361,710	1,264,420	52,500	6,605
$30,000 to $39,999	1,136,730	1,068,295	47,230	4,855
$40,000 to $49,999	980,790	923,365	44,910	4,585
$50,000 to $59,999	746,365	701,825	36,625	3,570
$60,000 to $79,999	964,280	907,520	47,850	4,725
$80,000 to $99,999	574,710	540,910	28,980	3,085
$100,000 and over	624,145	591,225	27,270	3,770
$100,000 to $124,999	293,865	277,315	13,755	1,925
$125,000 and over	330,285	313,915	13,515	1,850
Median income $^Footnote 97	30,526	30,951	36,187	24,571
Average income $^Footnote 98	42,264	42,662	45,511	38,316
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	10,473,670	9,754,285	423,340	62,005
Without after-tax income	558,355	518,790	16,550	6,730
With after-tax income	9,915,310	9,235,490	406,800	55,280
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	1,083,745	1,010,155	31,635	9,390
$5,000 to $9,999	730,610	678,835	25,415	5,245
$10,000 to $14,999	894,350	820,300	32,425	5,075
$15,000 to $19,999	942,415	846,330	36,735	4,920
$20,000 to $29,999	1,568,235	1,458,260	61,830	7,430
$30,000 to $39,999	1,376,725	1,295,630	58,915	5,940
$40,000 to $49,999	1,093,325	1,027,210	53,220	5,295
$50,000 to $59,999	734,550	691,065	36,370	3,425
$60,000 to $79,999	895,440	842,855	44,540	5,070
$80,000 to $99,999	307,980	290,670	14,520	1,830
$100,000 and over	287,940	274,185	11,190	1,650
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	28,118	28,493	32,625	23,615
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	35,249	35,535	37,898	32,172
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	10,473,665	9,754,285	423,345	62,005
With employment income	7,150,800	6,755,665	285,755	40,635
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	32,863	32,849	39,604	29,724
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	43,833	43,896	47,141	41,748
With wages and salaries	6,600,380	6,236,985	267,425	37,080
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	34,803	34,747	41,084	31,724
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	44,542	44,570	48,042	41,958
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	6,864,990	6,492,075	268,710	39,990
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	3,776,950	3,574,535	154,955	20,035
All others^Footnote 109	3,088,040	2,917,540	113,755	19,950

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.