Tabulation: Religion (19), Age Groups (10), Sex (3), Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force and Educational Characteristics (268) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Religion (19): Total population by selected religions
• Age groups (10): Total - Age groups

This table details religion , age groups , sex , selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics for the population in private households in Oshawa
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 28.3 %

Selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics (268)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 3	285,525	138,540	146,975
Married or living with a common-law partner	169,255	84,430	84,825
Married (and not separated)	143,920	71,780	72,140
Living common law	25,335	12,650	12,685
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	116,265	54,115	62,150
Single (never legally married)	76,685	41,285	35,405
Separated	10,120	4,075	6,045
Divorced	16,300	6,360	9,940
Widowed	13,155	2,395	10,765
Total - Census family status^Footnote 4	351,690	172,320	179,370
Married spouses	142,775	71,325	71,450
Common-law partners	25,335	12,650	12,690
Lone parents	18,415	3,570	14,840
Children in census families	120,905	64,390	56,515
Persons not in census families^Footnote 5	44,265	20,390	23,875
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 6	347,700	170,140	177,560
Non-movers	310,280	151,275	159,005
Movers	37,425	18,860	18,560
Non-migrants	17,980	9,065	8,915
Migrants	19,445	9,805	9,645
Internal migrants	18,305	9,285	9,020
Intraprovincial migrants	17,100	8,650	8,450
Interprovincial migrants	1,210	635	575
External migrants	1,140	515	620
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 7	330,835	161,860	168,980
Non-movers	211,505	103,585	107,925
Movers	119,335	58,275	61,060
Non-migrants	56,875	27,810	29,060
Migrants	62,460	30,460	32,000
Internal migrants	58,245	28,590	29,655
Intraprovincial migrants	54,780	26,810	27,975
Interprovincial migrants	3,460	1,775	1,680
External migrants	4,220	1,875	2,340
Total population by mother tongue^Footnote 8	351,690	172,320	179,370
English	307,790	151,055	156,735
French	6,125	2,840	3,290
Non-official language	34,565	16,800	17,760
English and French	270	115	155
English and non-official language	2,815	1,445	1,370
French and non-official language	125	60	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total population by language spoken most often at home^Footnote 9	351,690	172,320	179,365
English	331,860	162,830	169,035
French	2,190	995	1,190
Non-official language	12,530	6,070	6,460
English and French	305	190	120
English and non-official language	4,715	2,200	2,510
French and non-official language	45	25	20
English, French and non-official language	45	0	35
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 10	351,690	172,320	179,370
English only	325,990	161,570	164,415
French only	295	110	185
English and French	24,145	10,160	13,980
Neither English nor French	1,265	480	785
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 11	202,220	102,985	99,235
English	199,885	102,100	97,780
French	920	275	645
Non-official language	405	220	185
Aboriginal	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	405	220	185
English and French	565	235	330
English and non-official language	435	140	295
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 12	351,690	172,320	179,370
Canadian citizens	342,505	168,010	174,500
Canadian citizens only	335,145	164,300	170,845
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	7,355	3,705	3,650
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 13	9,185	4,310	4,870
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 14	351,685	172,320	179,370
Non-immigrants^Footnote 15	294,415	144,740	149,670
Immigrants^Footnote 16	56,175	27,025	29,150
Before 1971	19,075	9,470	9,605
1971 to 1980	10,265	4,870	5,395
1981 to 1990	8,565	4,135	4,430
1991 to 2000	9,260	4,305	4,950
2001 to 2011^Footnote 17	9,010	4,245	4,770
2001 to 2005	4,930	2,320	2,615
2006 to 2011^Footnote 18	4,080	1,920	2,160
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 19	1,105	550	550
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 20	56,175	27,025	29,150
Under 5 years	7,475	3,860	3,615
5 to 14 years	11,770	6,035	5,735
15 to 24 years	14,545	6,500	8,050
25 to 44 years	19,865	9,535	10,330
45 years and over	2,515	1,100	1,415
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	351,690	172,320	179,370
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	294,410	144,745	149,670
Born in province of residence	263,530	129,985	133,550
Born outside province of residence	30,885	14,760	16,120
Immigrants^Footnote 23	56,175	27,025	29,150
Americas	12,215	5,500	6,715
United States	2,025	790	1,235
Jamaica	3,130	1,330	1,795
Guyana	1,715	815	900
Haiti	55	25	35
Mexico	230	80	150
Trinidad and Tobago	1,955	955	1,005
Colombia	255	130	125
El Salvador	180	90	90
Peru	110	50	60
Chile	160	80	85
Other places of birth in Americas	2,400	1,155	1,240
Europe	29,395	14,465	14,925
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	13,210	6,370	6,840
Italy	2,260	1,295	960
Germany	1,890	970	920
Poland	2,460	1,070	1,385
Portugal	1,080	525	555
Netherlands	1,800	985	815
France	185	95	95
Romania	560	235	325
Russian Federation	425	200	225
Greece	710	390	320
Ukraine	455	165	290
Croatia	280	175	105
Hungary	565	285	280
Bosnia and Herzegovina	80	55	20
Serbia	345	205	145
Ireland, Republic of	755	280	470
Other places of birth in Europe	2,335	1,165	1,165
Africa	2,355	1,255	1,100
Morocco	30	25	0
Algeria	15	10	0
Egypt	395	215	180
South Africa, Republic of	400	215	195
Nigeria	335	180	155
Ethiopia	80	50	25
Kenya	205	85	120
Other places of birth in Africa	895	475	420
Asia	11,925	5,660	6,265
India	2,035	1,075	960
China^Footnote 25	1,355	565	785
Philippines	2,535	1,000	1,535
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	485	245	245
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	395	135	255
Pakistan	1,210	655	555
Sri Lanka	745	360	385
Iran^Footnote 27	380	225	155
Korea, South^Footnote 28	495	280	215
Lebanon	260	130	130
Taiwan	45	15	30
Iraq	145	65	75
Bangladesh	210	115	95
Afghanistan	570	300	270
Japan	40	0	25
Turkey	50	30	15
Other places of birth in Asia	970	445	525
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	285	145	145
Fiji	30	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	255	130	130
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	1,105	550	550
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 32	351,690	172,320	179,370
First generation^Footnote 33	57,915	27,915	30,000
Second generation^Footnote 34	76,775	38,155	38,620
Third generation or more^Footnote 35	217,000	106,245	110,750
Total population in private households by visible minority	351,690	172,320	179,370
Total visible minority population^Footnote 36	41,615	20,290	21,330
South Asian^Footnote 37	9,195	4,495	4,695
Chinese	3,915	1,885	2,030
Black	14,015	7,000	7,015
Filipino	4,155	1,720	2,435
Latin American	2,350	1,155	1,190
Arab	1,275	640	635
Southeast Asian^Footnote 38	870	395	475
West Asian^Footnote 39	1,090	490	600
Korean	700	405	295
Japanese	485	235	255
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 40	1,620	820	790
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 41	1,950	1,045	900
Not a visible minority^Footnote 42	310,070	152,030	158,045
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	351,690	172,320	179,370
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 43	6,095	3,065	3,030
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 44	3,655	1,755	1,900
Métis single identity	2,020	1,125	900
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	125	50	75
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 45	35	15	20
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 46	255	120	135
Non-Aboriginal identity	345,600	169,255	176,340
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 47	351,685	172,320	179,370
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 48	1,570	810	765
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	350,120	171,510	178,605
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 49	351,685	172,320	179,370
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 50	12,270	5,995	6,270
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 51	9,685	4,685	5,005
Métis ancestry	2,535	1,290	1,250
Inuit ancestry	225	125	95
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 52	339,420	166,325	173,100
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 53	285,525	138,540	146,980
In the labour force	194,075	98,990	95,080
Employed	176,850	90,000	86,845
Unemployed	17,225	8,985	8,235
Not in the labour force	91,450	39,550	51,895
Participation rate	68.0	71.5	64.7
Employment rate	61.9	65.0	59.1
Unemployment rate	8.9	9.1	8.7
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 54	194,075	98,995	95,080
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 55	5,775	2,685	3,090
All classes of worker^Footnote 56	188,300	96,310	91,990
Employee	173,445	87,225	86,220
Self-employed^Footnote 57	14,855	9,080	5,775
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 58	194,070	98,995	95,080
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 59	5,775	2,685	3,085
All occupations^Footnote 60	188,295	96,310	91,990
0 Management occupations	22,070	13,075	9,000
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	31,230	9,180	22,050
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	11,605	9,070	2,535
3 Health occupations	10,795	1,505	9,295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	23,665	7,595	16,070
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,815	2,110	2,705
6 Sales and service occupations	44,210	18,305	25,910
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	27,585	25,960	1,620
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,450	1,980	475
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	9,870	7,540	2,330
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 61	194,075	98,995	95,080
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 62	5,775	2,685	3,090
All industries^Footnote 63	188,300	96,310	91,990
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,265	730	535
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210	155	55
22 Utilities	6,245	4,540	1,710
23 Construction	12,670	11,220	1,460
31-33 Manufacturing	18,615	13,920	4,690
41 Wholesale trade	8,820	5,880	2,940
44-45 Retail trade	22,840	10,255	12,580
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,600	6,800	1,800
51 Information and cultural industries	5,375	2,950	2,425
52 Finance and insurance	9,445	3,660	5,780
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,645	1,970	1,675
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	11,280	5,530	5,745
55 Management of companies and enterprises	130	80	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	9,095	5,030	4,060
61 Educational services	14,800	4,535	10,265
62 Health care and social assistance	20,320	2,740	17,585
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,870	1,910	1,960
72 Accommodation and food services	10,525	4,280	6,245
81 Other services (except public administration)	7,640	3,555	4,085
91 Public administration	12,885	6,560	6,325
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 64	194,635	93,725	100,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,675	10,710	8,970
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 65	54,095	26,585	27,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	120,860	56,430	64,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 67	16,215	11,255	4,960
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	59,720	25,565	34,155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 68	6,870	3,020	3,855
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	38,055	16,595	21,460
Bachelor's degree	25,590	11,075	14,515
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 69	12,465	5,520	6,945
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 70	285,525	138,540	146,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	137,965	68,280	69,690
Education	10,660	2,635	8,025
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,540	2,740	2,800
Humanities	6,560	2,590	3,965
Social and behavioural sciences and law	16,600	4,590	12,015
Business, management and public administration	31,890	11,940	19,950
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,590	2,310	2,275
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,985	3,885	2,100
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	31,590	29,370	2,220
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,010	1,120	895
Health and related fields^Footnote 72	21,685	3,360	18,325
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,430	5,725	4,705
Other fields of study^Footnote 73	20	0	20
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 74	285,525	138,545	146,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	137,965	68,280	69,690
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	147,555	70,265	77,290
Location of study inside Canada	130,730	61,375	69,355
Same as province or territory of residence	122,420	57,230	65,190
Another province or territory	8,310	4,145	4,160
Location of study outside Canada	16,825	8,895	7,935

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 4

Classification of persons according to whether or not they are members of a census family and the status they have in the census family (a census family is composed of a married couple or two persons living common law, with or without children, or of a lone parent living with at least one child in the same dwelling). A person can be a married spouse, a common-law partner, a lone parent, a child or a person not in a census family.

Footnote 5

Persons not in census families may live with relatives (without forming a census family with them), they may live with non-relatives only or they may live alone.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 8

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 11

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 12

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 13

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 14

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 15

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 16

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 17

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 19

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 20

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 33

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 34

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 35

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 36

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 37

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 38

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 39

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 40

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 41

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 42

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 43

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 44

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 45

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 46

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 47

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 48

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 49

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 50

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 51

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 52

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 53

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 58

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 59

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 62

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 63

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 64

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 65

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 66

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 67

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 68

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 69

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 70

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 73

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 74

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.



Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.



For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011037.