Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Cowichan Valley B, RDA
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 26.2 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	7,990	7,920	60	0
0 to 4 years	440	430	0	0
5 to 9 years	460	460	0	0
10 to 14 years	505	505	0	0
15 to 19 years	600	580	0	0
20 to 24 years	385	380	0	0
25 to 29 years	395	385	0	0
30 to 34 years	480	480	0	0
35 to 39 years	525	520	0	0
40 to 44 years	575	570	0	0
45 to 49 years	815	795	0	0
50 to 54 years	815	815	0	0
55 to 59 years	680	675	0	0
60 to 64 years	485	485	0	0
65 to 69 years	350	345	0	0
70 to 74 years	185	190	0	0
75 to 79 years	185	185	0	0
80 to 84 years	40	35	0	0
85 years and over	80	75	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	42.3	42.3	36.0	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	6,590	6,520	50	0
Married or living with a common-law partner	4,350	4,305	35	0
Married (and not separated)	3,535	3,495	35	0
Living common law	820	815	0	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	2,240	2,215	10	0
Single (never legally married)	1,485	1,470	0	0
Separated	150	150	0	0
Divorced	410	405	0	0
Widowed	200	195	0	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	7,990	7,915	60	0
Single responses	7,935	7,870	60	0
English	7,540	7,540	0	0
French	65	0	60	0
Non-official languages	330	320	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	270	265	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	85	85	0	0
German	70	65	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0
Italian	35	40	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	20	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	55	55	0	0
Multiple responses	60	50	0	0
English and French	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	45	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	7,995	7,915	60	0
English only	7,445	7,445	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	550	470	60	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	7,990	7,920	60	0
Single responses	7,955	7,905	55	0
English	7,885	7,860	30	0
French	25	0	25	0
Non-official languages	40	45	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	25	25	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	0	0
English and French	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	7,995	7,920	60	0
None	7,825	7,800	20	0
English	50	20	25	0
French	55	40	15	0
Non-official language	60	55	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	55	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	575	570	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	570	565	0	0
Italian	50	50	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	105	105	0	0
Dutch	100	100	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	110	105	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	20	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	20	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	15	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	20	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	20	20	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	0	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	7,930	7,855	60	0
Non-movers	7,215	7,145	55	0
Movers	710	705	0	0
Non-migrants	175	175	0	0
Migrants	535	530	0	0
Internal migrants	505	500	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	450	450	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	55	55	0	0
External migrants	35	35	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	7,560	7,490	50	0
Non-movers	4,750	4,700	40	0
Movers	2,805	2,790	15	0
Non-migrants	855	850	0	0
Migrants	1,950	1,940	15	0
Internal migrants	1,870	1,860	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,635	1,630	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	235	230	0	0
External migrants	85	80	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	7,995	7,920	60	0
Canadian citizens	7,770	7,700	60	0
Canadian citizens only	7,660	7,590	60	0
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	105	105	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	225	220	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	7,995	7,920	55	0
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	7,115	7,045	60	0
Born in province of residence	5,055	5,040	0	0
Born outside province of residence	2,065	2,010	50	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	850	840	0	0
Americas	160	160	0	0
United States	130	130	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	515	510	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	290	290	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	55	50	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	70	70	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	35	0	0
Africa	35	30	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	15	0	0
Asia	80	80	0	0
India	20	20	0	0
China^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	25	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	55	55	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	55	55	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	30	25	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	70	70	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	45	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	7,990	7,920	60	0
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	7,120	7,050	60	0
Immigrants^Footnote 43	845	840	0	0
Before 1971	340	340	0	0
1971 to 1980	205	205	0	0
1981 to 1990	70	65	0	0
1991 to 2000	110	115	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	115	110	0	0
2001 to 2005	45	45	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	70	70	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	30	30	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	7,990	7,920	60	0
First generation^Footnote 48	955	945	0	0
Second generation^Footnote 49	1,720	1,710	0	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	5,315	5,260	55	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	7,995	7,920	60	0
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	270	260	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	110	105	0	0
Métis single identity	145	135	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,720	7,655	50	0
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	7,995	7,920	60	0
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	85	85	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,910	7,830	60	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	6,590	6,525	50	0
In the labour force	4,825	4,780	35	0
Employed	4,495	4,455	35	0
Unemployed	330	325	0	0
Not in the labour force	1,770	1,740	10	0
Participation rate	73.2	73.3	70.0	0.0
Employment rate	68.2	68.3	70.0	0.0
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.8	0.0	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	4,820	4,780	35	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	80	70	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	4,740	4,710	30	0
Employee	3,785	3,750	35	0
Self-employed	955	955	0	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	335	330	0	0
Without paid help	195	195	0	0
With paid help	140	135	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	620	620	0	0
Without paid help	460	460	0	0
With paid help	160	160	0	0
Unpaid family worker	0	0	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	4,820	4,780	40	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	80	70	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	4,745	4,710	35	0
0 Management occupations	625	620	0	0
00 Senior management occupations	70	70	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	200	200	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	170	170	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	175	180	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	605	600	0	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	110	110	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	235	235	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	75	75	0	0
14 Office support occupations	140	140	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	45	45	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	335	325	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	180	165	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	160	160	0	0
3 Health occupations	295	285	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	85	85	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	45	45	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	90	80	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	75	75	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	645	645	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	175	175	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	115	110	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	245	245	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	60	60	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	50	50	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	100	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	70	70	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	30	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	970	960	0	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	100	105	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	150	150	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	125	120	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	155	150	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	125	120	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	315	310	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	875	875	0	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	440	445	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	175	175	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	25	25	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	165	160	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	65	70	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	130	130	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	30	30	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	50	55	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	45	45	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	165	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	50	50	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	20	20	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	85	85	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	4,825	4,780	40	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	75	75	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	4,745	4,710	35	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	195	195	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0
22 Utilities	40	40	0	0
23 Construction	600	600	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	235	235	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	130	130	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	385	380	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	265	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	60	60	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	100	100	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	55	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	310	305	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	205	0	0
61 Educational services	350	350	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	655	645	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	125	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	305	300	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	215	215	0	0
91 Public administration	490	480	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	4,495	4,455	35	0
Usual place of work	3,110	3,075	30	0
Work in CSD of residence	300	290	0	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	1,265	1,250	15	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,530	1,520	0	0
Work in a different province	15	15	0	0
Worked at home	565	570	0	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	810	810	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	3,920	3,885	35	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,360	3,335	25	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	345	335	0	0
Public transit	65	65	0	0
Walked	70	70	0	0
Bicycle	40	35	0	0
Other methods	35	35	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	5,060	5,020	40	0
English	5,045	5,005	40	0
French	0	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	5,060	5,020	40	0
None	5,005	4,975	30	0
English	0	0	0	0
French	20	10	0	0
Non-official language	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	6,590	6,525	50	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,110	1,100	0	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	1,625	1,610	15	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	3,855	3,810	35	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	1,070	1,060	0	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	385	385	0	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	685	680	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,245	1,230	0	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	360	355	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,175	1,170	10	0
Bachelor's degree	775	765	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	80	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	0
Master's degree	285	280	0	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	20	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	3,855	3,810	40	0
Education	385	380	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	140	0	0
Humanities	155	155	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	350	345	0	0
Business, management and public administration	575	565	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	100	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	75	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	995	990	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	205	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	535	520	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	325	0	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	3,855	3,815	40	0
Inside Canada	3,525	3,495	30	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	15	15	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	50	50	0	0
New Brunswick	0	0	0	0
Quebec	15	0	15	0
Ontario	260	250	0	0
Manitoba	35	40	0	0
Saskatchewan	40	40	0	0
Alberta	195	200	0	0
British Columbia	2,890	2,885	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	330	320	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	7,990	7,915	60	0
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	330	330	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	60	60	0	0
Chinese	35	35	0	0
Black	30	30	0	0
Filipino	75	75	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	40	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	15	15	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	7,665	7,585	60	0
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	7,990	7,915	60	0
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	2,675	2,650	20	0
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	5,320	5,275	40	0
Canadian - Total responses	2,025	1,985	35	0
Canadian - Single responses	640	640	0	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	1,390	1,345	30	0
English- Total responses	3,290	3,290	0	0
English - Single responses	545	540	0	0
English - Multiple responses	2,745	2,750	0	0
French - Total responses	970	925	40	0
French - Single responses	75	65	10	0
French - Multiple responses	900	860	25	0
Scottish - Total responses	2,620	2,625	0	0
Scottish - Single responses	180	175	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	2,445	2,440	0	0
Irish - Total responses	1,920	1,920	0	0
Irish - Single responses	225	225	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,690	1,695	0	0
German - Total responses	1,215	1,195	0	0
German - Single responses	220	215	0	0
German - Multiple responses	990	980	0	0
Italian - Total responses	255	255	0	0
Italian - Single responses	45	45	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	210	210	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	55	55	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	10	15	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	45	45	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	200	170	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	20	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	180	155	15	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	420	410	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	55	60	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	360	355	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	65	65	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	25	20	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	45	40	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	675	680	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	110	110	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	570	570	0	0
Polish- Total responses	270	270	0	0
Polish - Single responses	20	25	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	245	245	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	75	80	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	60	60	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	330	330	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	115	115	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	215	215	0	0
Russian- Total responses	255	255	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	255	250	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	385	380	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	25	25	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	355	360	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	340	340	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	290	295	0	0
Métis - Total responses	180	180	0	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	155	155	0	0
Portuguese - Total responses	15	15	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	15	15	0	0
American - Total responses	195	190	0	0
American - Single responses	0	0	0	0
American - Multiple responses	195	190	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	110	110	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	105	105	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	145	145	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	20	15	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	130	130	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	55	55	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	20	25	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	40	35	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	6,590	6,525	55	0
Without income	265	250	0	0
With income	6,325	6,275	45	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	675	670	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	485	480	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	535	535	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	435	425	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	775	770	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	600	600	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	675	670	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	545	540	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	730	720	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	455	450	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	415	410	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	195	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	220	220	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	34,294	34,284	51,252	0
Average income $^Footnote 97	44,143	44,142	48,283	0
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	6,590	6,520	50	0
Without after-tax income	265	255	0	0
With after-tax income	6,325	6,270	50	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	680	675	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	500	495	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	565	560	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	460	445	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	880	880	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	845	845	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	655	650	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	600	590	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	755	745	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	175	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	220	220	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	31,273	31,266	43,572	0
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	37,289	37,285	40,980	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	6,590	6,520	55	0
With employment income	4,925	4,880	45	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	35,567	35,498	65,073	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	45,404	45,427	47,496	0
With wages and salaries	4,435	4,395	45	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	39,783	39,748	65,073	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	48,513	48,572	47,496	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	4,820	4,785	40	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	2,545	2,520	20	0
All others^Footnote 108	2,275	2,260	15	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.