Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country]

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The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex, age groups and residence on or off reserve.
Characteristic Canada

[Country]
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Total - Sex, Total - Age groups, Total - Residence on or off reserve
Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identityFootnote 1 Aboriginal identityFootnote 2 Single Aboriginal responsesFootnote 3 First Nations (North American Indian)Footnote 4 Métis Inuk (Inuit) Multiple Aboriginal responsesFootnote 5 Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 6 Non-Aboriginal identity
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataCensus data footnote 36 34,460,065 1,673,785 1,629,800 977,230 587,545 65,025 21,310 22,670 32,786,280
English only 23,575,260 1,384,240 1,351,640 863,025 433,705 54,905 16,275 16,325 22,191,020
French only 4,069,945 89,555 85,510 42,790 41,630 1,085 1,675 2,370 3,980,395
English and French 6,173,000 191,905 184,615 67,705 111,910 5,000 3,330 3,955 5,981,095
Neither English nor French 641,855 8,080 8,040 3,705 295 4,040 30 20 633,770
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataCensus data footnote 37 34,460,065 1,673,785 1,629,800 977,235 587,545 65,025 21,310 22,670 32,786,280
English 25,813,360 1,469,205 1,433,330 897,480 479,165 56,690 17,895 17,975 24,344,155
French 7,603,935 188,020 180,050 71,175 107,000 1,870 3,340 4,630 7,415,915
English and French 412,620 8,860 8,760 5,110 1,190 2,455 60 50 403,760
Neither English nor French 630,150 7,695 7,660 3,465 190 4,010 15 15 622,455
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 38 7,810,245 192,455 184,430 73,735 107,595 3,100 3,375 4,650 7,617,795
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 39 22.7 11.5 11.3 7.5 18.3 4.8 15.8 20.5 23.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataCensus data footnote 40 34,460,065 1,673,780 1,629,805 977,235 587,545 65,025 21,310 22,670 32,786,280
Official languages 27,199,985 1,480,020 1,436,735 826,295 581,665 28,780 20,970 22,320 25,719,960
English 20,050,615 1,303,265 1,268,005 768,480 472,130 27,400 17,590 17,670 18,747,350
French 7,337,670 187,055 178,490 61,225 115,760 1,510 3,705 4,855 7,150,615
Non-official languages 7,888,550 212,400 211,370 166,120 7,895 37,360 555 470 7,676,150
Aboriginal languages 209,570 208,735 208,010 164,060 6,695 37,255 500 230 830
Algonquian languages 140,490 140,055 139,510 134,985 4,445 80 370 175 435
Blackfoot 3,270 3,255 3,225 3,210 10 0 10 25 10
Cree-Montagnais languages 94,410 94,110 93,700 89,550 4,080 75 285 125 295
Atikamekw 6,295 6,285 6,275 6,240 35 0 10 0 10
Montagnais (Innu) 10,490 10,480 10,460 10,410 30 15 15 10 15
Moose Cree 145 140 140 130 10 0 0 0 0
Naskapi 1,240 1,240 1,225 1,215 15 10 15 0 0
Northern East Cree 400 395 380 350 30 0 15 0 0
Plains Cree 3,590 3,575 3,515 3,100 415 0 50 10 20
Southern East Cree 15 15 15 15 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 1,765 1,755 1,745 1,640 100 0 0 0 10
Woods Cree 2,140 2,145 2,130 1,910 220 0 10 10 0
Cree, n.o.s. 68,335 68,085 67,815 64,540 3,220 55 170 105 250
Eastern Algonquian languages 7,405 7,380 7,365 7,360 0 0 10 10 30
Malecite 350 350 355 355 0 0 0 0 0
Mi'kmaq 7,055 7,025 7,015 7,010 0 0 10 0 25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 35,370 35,285 35,185 34,835 345 10 75 25 90
Algonquin 1,575 1,575 1,565 1,565 0 0 10 0 10
Ojibway 19,835 19,760 19,680 19,345 325 10 65 25 70
Oji-Cree 13,790 13,785 13,780 13,755 20 0 10 0 10
Ottawa (Odawa) 165 165 165 170 0 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 40 25 25 30 0 0 0 0 10
Athabaskan languages 18,835 18,745 18,670 17,170 1,460 35 45 30 90
Northern Athabaskan languages 18,770 18,690 18,615 17,115 1,465 40 40 30 80
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 120 125 120 120 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 220 220 220 225 0 0 0 0 0
Carrier 1,265 1,245 1,235 1,235 0 0 10 0 30
Chilcotin 805 805 805 800 10 0 0 0 0
Dene 11,430 11,410 11,365 9,950 1,405 10 30 20 20
Dogrib (Tlicho) 1,740 1,730 1,730 1,700 15 10 0 0 10
Gwich'in 270 260 260 240 0 10 0 0 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 60 45 45 45 0 0 0 0 10
Sekani 110 105 105 105 0 0 0 0 10
Slavey-Hare languages 2,100 2,095 2,085 2,055 25 0 0 0 10
North Slavey (Hare) 800 795 785 770 15 0 0 10 0
South Slavey 970 970 970 960 10 10 0 0 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 330 325 330 320 10 0 0 0 10
Tahltan languages 290 295 295 290 0 0 0 0 0
Kaska (Nahani) 185 190 190 185 0 0 0 0 0
Tahltan 105 110 105 105 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 360 355 355 355 0 0 0 0 0
Northern Tutchone 275 275 280 275 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 80 80 80 80 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 65 55 55 55 0 0 0 0 10
Haida 155 150 145 150 0 0 0 0 10
Inuit languages 37,520 37,330 37,260 85 50 37,130 65 0 185
Inuinnaqtun 665 660 660 0 0 660 0 0 0
Inuktitut 36,015 35,865 35,810 35 40 35,730 60 0 150
Inuvialuktun 455 455 450 15 0 435 10 0 0
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 380 345 345 25 10 310 0 0 35
Iroquoian languages 1,250 1,230 1,225 1,200 20 0 10 0 20
Cayuga 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 1,140 1,125 1,120 1,100 20 0 0 0 15
Oneida 50 50 55 50 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 30 20 20 15 0 0 0 0 10
Kutenai 100 95 95 95 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 755 735 730 65 665 0 0 0 20
Salish languages 2,705 2,675 2,670 2,665 0 0 0 10 30
Comox 100 90 90 90 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 535 525 525 520 0 0 0 0 10
Lillooet 360 360 355 355 0 0 0 0 0
Okanagan 335 335 335 335 0 0 0 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 580 585 585 580 0 0 0 0 0
Squamish 50 50 50 50 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 105 100 105 100 0 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 390 375 370 365 0 0 10 0 15
Salish languages, n.i.e. 260 260 260 260 0 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages 4,465 4,455 4,455 4,435 20 0 0 0 10
Dakota 1,210 1,200 1,195 1,185 15 0 0 0 10
Stoney 3,210 3,210 3,210 3,200 10 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 45 50 50 45 0 0 0 0 0
Tlingit 105 105 110 105 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 1,700 1,675 1,675 1,670 10 0 0 0 30
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 1,000 990 985 985 0 0 0 0 10
Nisga'a 455 440 435 440 0 0 0 0 15
Tsimshian 250 250 245 245 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 1,080 1,075 1,070 1,065 0 0 0 10 0
Haisla 130 135 130 130 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 115 115 115 115 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 445 440 445 440 0 0 0 0 0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 380 380 370 375 0 0 0 10 0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 415 400 395 370 25 0 0 0 15
Non-Aboriginal languages 7,678,985 3,665 3,365 2,055 1,200 105 60 240 7,675,315
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataCensus data footnote 41 34,460,065 1,673,785 1,629,800 977,230 587,545 65,025 21,310 22,670 32,786,280
Official languages 32,179,065 1,617,710 1,573,875 939,925 586,235 47,710 21,240 22,600 30,561,355
English 25,694,870 1,491,290 1,453,340 887,045 519,670 46,625 18,890 19,060 24,203,580
French 8,028,305 193,840 185,265 74,095 109,195 1,980 3,625 4,945 7,834,470
Non-official languages 7,500,795 233,565 232,080 180,340 11,515 40,220 800 680 7,267,230
Aboriginal languages 225,190 223,380 222,440 175,405 7,090 39,950 625 320 1,805
Algonquian languages 150,995 150,010 149,320 144,320 4,905 100 445 245 980
Blackfoot 4,800 4,730 4,705 4,695 10 0 0 25 70
Cree-Montagnais languages 100,905 100,370 99,845 95,415 4,340 95 330 190 530
Atikamekw 6,335 6,310 6,295 6,240 55 0 10 0 25
Montagnais (Innu) 10,760 10,710 10,670 10,575 75 20 30 10 50
Moose Cree 150 145 135 115 20 0 0 10 10
Naskapi 1,365 1,360 1,345 1,320 15 10 15 0 0
Northern East Cree 385 380 365 350 15 0 15 0 10
Plains Cree 4,300 4,245 4,190 3,755 440 0 50 0 55
Southern East Cree 40 40 35 35 0 0 0 0 0
Swampy Cree 1,660 1,655 1,630 1,520 105 0 20 10 0
Woods Cree 2,125 2,125 2,110 1,965 145 0 10 0 10
Cree, n.o.s. 74,065 73,690 73,365 69,815 3,480 65 175 150 375
Eastern Algonquian languages 8,065 7,955 7,935 7,895 40 0 15 10 110
Malecite 485 475 470 470 0 0 0 0 10
Mi'kmaq 7,580 7,480 7,460 7,420 40 0 10 10 105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 37,240 36,975 36,855 36,325 525 10 100 25 265
Algonquin 1,705 1,690 1,680 1,660 25 0 10 0 15
Ojibway 21,450 21,215 21,105 20,630 470 0 90 25 230
Oji-Cree 13,910 13,900 13,900 13,870 25 0 0 0 15
Ottawa (Odawa) 190 185 180 180 0 0 0 0 10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 65 60 60 60 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages 19,650 19,560 19,475 17,910 1,530 35 50 35 95
Northern Athabaskan languages 19,610 19,515 19,435 17,865 1,530 35 50 35 90
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 135 135 140 135 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 220 220 220 195 20 0 0 0 0
Carrier 1,285 1,265 1,270 1,265 0 0 0 0 20
Chilcotin 815 820 820 815 0 0 0 0 0
Dene 11,820 11,790 11,740 10,290 1,445 0 35 20 30
Dogrib (Tlicho) 2,105 2,090 2,080 2,055 25 10 0 0 20
Gwich'in 240 240 235 220 0 10 0 0 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 125 125 125 125 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 100 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 2,150 2,145 2,130 2,095 25 0 10 10 0
North Slavey (Hare) 770 770 755 740 10 10 10 10 0
South Slavey 1,085 1,080 1,075 1,065 10 0 0 10 0
Slavey, n.o.s. 295 295 295 290 10 10 0 0 0
Tahltan languages 395 385 380 375 10 0 10 0 10
Kaska (Nahani) 245 235 225 220 10 0 0 0 10
Tahltan 155 155 150 150 0 0 0 0 0
Tutchone languages 220 215 215 215 0 0 0 0 10
Northern Tutchone 125 125 125 120 0 0 0 0 0
Southern Tutchone 100 90 90 90 0 0 0 0 0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 45 40 45 40 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 310 300 300 295 0 0 0 0 10
Inuit languages 40,515 40,045 39,980 100 65 39,820 65 0 470
Inuinnaqtun 1,060 1,055 1,050 0 0 1,050 0 0 10
Inuktitut 38,830 38,385 38,325 55 55 38,215 60 0 445
Inuvialuktun 395 390 390 20 0 370 0 0 10
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 230 225 220 20 10 195 0 0 10
Iroquoian languages 1,815 1,775 1,770 1,750 15 0 0 10 40
Cayuga 55 55 60 60 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 1,575 1,540 1,535 1,515 15 0 0 0 35
Oneida 145 140 145 145 0 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 50 40 40 35 10 0 0 0 10
Kutenai 130 125 130 125 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 620 595 575 50 520 0 20 0 20
Salish languages 3,525 3,440 3,385 3,375 15 0 40 15 85
Comox 125 120 120 120 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 595 580 560 555 0 0 15 0 15
Lillooet 510 495 495 495 0 0 0 0 15
Okanagan 520 515 500 500 0 0 15 0 10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 775 765 760 760 0 0 10 0 10
Squamish 145 150 150 150 0 0 0 0 0
Straits 260 255 250 245 10 0 0 0 0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 285 280 275 275 0 0 0 0 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 315 280 280 275 0 0 0 0 30
Siouan languages 4,430 4,415 4,415 4,400 10 0 0 0 15
Dakota 1,060 1,055 1,050 1,050 0 0 0 0 10
Stoney 3,280 3,275 3,275 3,265 10 0 0 0 0
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 100 95 95 90 0 0 0 0 10
Tlingit 165 165 160 160 0 0 0 0 0
Tsimshian languages 1,880 1,855 1,850 1,850 0 0 0 0 25
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 955 950 945 945 0 0 0 0 0
Nisga'a 685 675 675 675 0 0 0 0 10
Tsimshian 240 235 235 235 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 875 850 850 845 10 0 0 0 25
Haisla 120 120 115 120 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 60 65 60 65 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 320 305 310 310 0 0 0 0 10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 345 330 330 330 0 0 0 0 10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 25 25 30 20 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 425 390 380 355 25 0 10 0 30
Non-Aboriginal languages 7,275,800 10,335 9,795 5,040 4,435 315 185 360 7,265,470
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataCensus data footnote 42 34,460,065 1,673,785 1,629,800 977,230 587,545 65,030 21,310 22,670 32,786,280
Official languages 33,818,210 1,665,700 1,621,765 973,525 587,250 60,990 21,285 22,650 32,152,515
English 29,748,260 1,576,150 1,536,260 930,735 545,620 59,905 19,605 20,285 28,172,115
French 10,242,950 281,460 270,125 110,500 153,545 6,090 5,005 6,325 9,961,490
Non-official languages 9,369,285 285,580 282,970 218,650 22,065 42,250 1,385 1,225 9,083,705
Aboriginal languages 263,840 260,550 259,295 207,755 9,705 41,830 830 430 3,290
Algonquian languages 177,570 175,825 174,930 167,800 6,950 175 580 320 1,745
Blackfoot 5,650 5,565 5,525 5,510 15 0 0 35 85
Cree-Montagnais languages 116,580 115,605 114,950 108,635 6,150 175 415 235 975
Atikamekw 6,640 6,595 6,585 6,500 85 0 10 10 45
Montagnais (Innu) 11,445 11,360 11,305 11,190 90 30 35 15 80
Moose Cree 195 180 165 145 20 0 0 15 15
Naskapi 1,470 1,465 1,445 1,420 15 0 15 0 0
Northern East Cree 545 530 515 475 40 0 15 0 15
Plains Cree 5,905 5,805 5,735 5,015 725 0 65 0 100
Southern East Cree 45 45 40 35 0 0 0 10 0
Swampy Cree 2,345 2,325 2,295 2,145 150 0 15 10 25
Woods Cree 2,665 2,640 2,630 2,405 230 0 10 0 25
Cree, n.o.s. 86,120 85,435 85,005 80,055 4,820 130 245 185 680
Eastern Algonquian languages 9,760 9,595 9,555 9,500 55 0 25 15 170
Malecite 760 740 735 730 0 0 0 0 15
Mi'kmaq 9,025 8,875 8,835 8,790 50 0 25 10 155
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages 46,680 46,165 45,975 45,175 795 10 155 35 520
Algonquin 2,480 2,440 2,420 2,345 75 0 20 0 40
Ojibway 28,585 28,135 27,960 27,275 680 0 135 35 450
Oji-Cree 15,605 15,580 15,580 15,550 35 10 0 0 25
Ottawa (Odawa) 210 200 200 200 10 0 0 0 0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e. 120 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 20
Athabaskan languages 23,655 23,455 23,335 21,575 1,695 65 80 45 200
Northern Athabaskan languages 23,575 23,375 23,255 21,495 1,690 65 75 45 200
Babine (Wetsuwet'en) 210 210 210 205 0 0 0 0 0
Beaver 340 330 330 305 20 0 0 0 15
Carrier 2,100 2,070 2,065 2,050 15 0 0 0 30
Chilcotin 1,150 1,150 1,145 1,140 10 0 0 10 0
Dene 13,060 13,005 12,925 11,365 1,555 10 55 25 55
Dogrib (Tlicho) 2,370 2,355 2,345 2,300 35 10 0 10 25
Gwich'in 360 355 350 325 10 15 0 0 10
Sarsi (Sarcee) 150 150 145 145 0 0 0 0 0
Sekani 190 185 180 180 0 0 0 0 0
Slavey-Hare languages 2,810 2,780 2,760 2,695 45 20 10 0 35
North Slavey (Hare) 1,005 1,005 995 960 15 15 10 10 0
South Slavey 1,365 1,355 1,345 1,325 20 10 0 0 15
Slavey, n.o.s. 675 660 655 640 10 10 0 0 20
Tahltan languages 630 615 610 600 0 10 10 0 15
Kaska (Nahani) 365 355 350 350 10 0 10 0 10
Tahltan 265 260 260 255 0 10 0 0 10
Tutchone languages 420 400 400 395 0 0 0 0 20
Northern Tutchone 280 270 270 265 0 0 0 0 10
Southern Tutchone 145 135 135 130 10 0 0 0 10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. 85 85 80 80 0 0 0 0 0
Haida 465 445 445 445 0 0 0 0 20
Inuit languages 42,980 42,060 41,955 190 115 41,650 100 10 920
Inuinnaqtun 1,335 1,320 1,320 0 10 1,310 10 0 15
Inuktitut 40,620 39,765 39,680 110 90 39,475 90 0 855
Inuvialuktun 650 640 635 35 0 600 10 0 10
Inuit languages, n.i.e. 470 415 410 45 20 345 0 10 50
Iroquoian languages 2,795 2,715 2,695 2,640 60 0 20 10 80
Cayuga 125 120 120 120 0 0 0 0 0
Mohawk 2,415 2,345 2,325 2,290 35 0 15 0 65
Oneida 185 180 185 175 10 0 0 0 0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. 115 105 100 85 10 0 0 0 10
Kutenai 175 170 170 165 0 0 0 0 0
Michif 1,210 1,170 1,135 105 1,025 0 40 0 35
Salish languages 5,750 5,615 5,555 5,515 40 0 40 20 130
Comox 185 180 185 185 0 0 0 0 0
Halkomelem 1,060 1,030 1,005 985 20 0 15 10 30
Lillooet 790 770 770 770 0 0 0 0 20
Okanagan 820 815 805 800 0 0 10 0 0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin) 1,305 1,295 1,285 1,285 0 0 10 10 10
Squamish 280 280 280 275 10 0 0 0 0
Straits 365 355 355 345 10 0 0 0 10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux) 450 435 435 435 0 0 10 0 10
Salish languages, n.i.e. 560 520 505 500 10 0 0 10 45
Siouan languages 5,430 5,400 5,395 5,370 25 0 0 0 30
Dakota 1,760 1,750 1,740 1,735 0 0 0 10 15
Stoney 3,675 3,670 3,665 3,650 15 0 0 0 10
Siouan languages, n.i.e. 140 130 135 130 10 0 0 0 10
Tlingit 260 255 250 245 0 10 0 0 10
Tsimshian languages 2,730 2,695 2,685 2,685 0 0 0 10 40
Gitxsan (Gitksan) 1,305 1,290 1,280 1,280 0 0 0 0 15
Nisga'a 1,055 1,035 1,035 1,035 0 0 0 0 20
Tsimshian 410 410 410 410 0 0 0 0 0
Wakashan languages 1,490 1,445 1,430 1,430 0 0 0 15 40
Haisla 175 170 170 175 0 0 0 0 0
Heiltsuk 125 125 125 125 0 0 0 0 0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala) 605 585 585 585 0 0 0 0 20
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) 560 540 530 525 0 0 0 10 20
Wakashan languages, n.i.e. 30 25 25 30 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s. 670 610 590 555 30 0 10 10 60
Non-Aboriginal languages 9,107,075 26,090 24,680 11,610 12,495 580 590 820 9,080,985

Data quality: Canada [Country]

  • Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
  • Global non-response rate (GNR), short-form census questionnaire: 4.0%
  • Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.1%

Source

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Canada [Country] (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 20, 2024).

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