Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Division No. 1

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	266,700	264,705	1,105	180	715	1,195
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	266,700	264,705	1,105	180	720	1,195
0 to 14 years	40,540	39,955	155	65	365	190
0 to 4 years	12,615	12,360	55	10	195	55
5 to 9 years	14,160	13,975	55	20	110	65
10 to 14 years	13,770	13,625	50	35	55	65
15 to 64 years	182,750	181,530	825	100	295	875
15 to 19 years	13,850	13,785	30	10	25	35
20 to 24 years	16,850	16,795	40	0	10	45
25 to 29 years	17,550	17,380	115	10	40	120
30 to 34 years	17,600	17,420	100	15	60	110
35 to 39 years	17,620	17,440	120	20	40	130
40 to 44 years	18,390	18,235	100	30	25	110
45 to 49 years	19,430	19,325	90	10	0	95
50 to 54 years	21,285	21,155	95	0	30	100
55 to 59 years	20,750	20,660	70	0	15	70
60 to 64 years	19,430	19,335	60	0	40	60
65 years and over	43,410	43,215	125	15	55	130
65 to 69 years	17,185	17,120	45	0	25	45
70 to 74 years	11,595	11,550	25	0	10	35
75 to 79 years	6,995	6,945	30	0	20	30
80 to 84 years	4,595	4,580	15	0	0	15
85 years and over	3,035	3,015	10	0	10	10
85 to 89 years	2,185	2,165	10	10	0	10
90 to 94 years	695	690	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	150	150	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.5	41.5	39.9	30.6	24.8	not applicable ...
Median age	42.6	42.7	38.9	32.2	13.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	226,160	224,745	945	115	350	1,005
Married or living common law	135,765	134,775	660	85	255	700
Married	112,370	111,535	505	70	255	540
Living common law	23,395	23,230	150	10	0	155
Not married and not living common law	90,395	89,975	290	35	100	305
Never married	61,400	61,130	185	30	55	200
Separated	4,770	4,740	15	0	10	20
Divorced	12,290	12,240	45	0	0	45
Widowed	11,935	11,860	45	0	25	50
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	226,165	224,745	950	120	350	1,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	218,735	217,525	910	105	195	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,853	49,817	63,766	66,542	17,361	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,585	35,560	50,170	32,571	11,071	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	218,800	217,590	910	105	200	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,328	40,304	50,100	50,758	16,009	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,892	31,874	44,178	31,029	11,071	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	188,680	187,575	890	90	125	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,458	50,419	61,078	70,543	18,321	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,157	35,139	47,993	31,243	6,557	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	156,890	156,085	570	60	175	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,822	8,834	6,488	0	6,482	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,666	7,682	4,235	0	3,734	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	162,245	161,275	805	85	75	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,548	50,519	56,503	72,610	23,526	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,560	36,541	45,904	30,334	24,336	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.3	87.3	94.2	95.9	67.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.2	75.2	78.8	88.3	52.1	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.7	12.7	6.4	0.0	33.5	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	226,160	224,745	950	115	350	1,005
Without total income	7,430	7,220	40	15	160	45
With total income	218,735	217,525	905	100	195	960
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.8	95.3	87.0	55.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	26,855	26,705	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$10,000 to $19,999	36,740	36,555	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$20,000 to $29,999	31,005	30,850	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$30,000 to $39,999	25,740	25,630	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$40,000 to $49,999	22,590	22,495	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$50,000 to $59,999	16,620	16,495	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$60,000 to $69,999	13,185	13,095	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$70,000 to $79,999	9,535	9,490	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$80,000 to $89,999	8,710	8,660	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$90,000 to $99,999	6,380	6,340	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$100,000 and over	21,370	21,205	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	150
$100,000 to $149,999	13,505	13,385	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$150,000 and over	7,865	7,820	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	226,160	224,745	945	115	350	1,005
Without after-tax income	7,365	7,160	40	10	155	50
With after-tax income	218,795	217,590	910	105	195	960
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.8	96.3	91.3	55.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	27,880	27,720	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$10,000 to $19,999	38,795	38,605	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$20,000 to $29,999	36,560	36,375	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	150
$30,000 to $39,999	32,175	32,035	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$40,000 to $49,999	24,385	24,230	135	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	140
$50,000 to $59,999	17,320	17,210	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$60,000 to $69,999	13,060	12,990	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$70,000 to $79,999	8,985	8,930	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$80,000 and over	19,635	19,490	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	135
$80,000 to $89,999	5,310	5,275	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	3,735	3,705	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$100,000 and over	10,595	10,505	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	226,165	224,745	945	115	350	1,005
Without employment income	63,915	63,470	140	30	280	155
With employment income	162,245	161,275	805	90	75	850
Percentage with employment income	71.7	71.8	85.2	78.3	21.4	84.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	21,420	21,295	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$5,000 to $9,999	12,145	12,105	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$10,000 to $19,999	20,125	19,995	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$20,000 to $29,999	17,520	17,445	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$30,000 to $39,999	15,115	15,015	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$40,000 to $49,999	14,760	14,680	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$50,000 to $59,999	11,825	11,725	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$60,000 to $69,999	10,110	10,060	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$70,000 to $79,999	7,775	7,720	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$80,000 and over	31,450	31,235	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	195
$80,000 to $89,999	7,575	7,535	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$90,000 to $99,999	5,500	5,465	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 and over	18,370	18,235	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	226,160	224,745	950	115	355	1,010
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	78,655	78,220	385	35	20	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	57,315	57,294	60,072	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	70,811	70,768	76,984	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	266,700	264,700	1,105	180	715	1,195
English only	248,040	248,035	0	0	0	0
French only	55	0	60	0	0	55
English and French	17,810	16,585	1,050	180	0	1,135
Neither English nor French	795	80	0	0	715	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	266,700	264,705	1,105	185	715	1,195
English	260,665	260,140	520	0	0	520
French	545	80	470	0	0	470
Non-official language	3,695	2,830	15	135	715	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,695	2,830	20	135	715	80
English and French	255	145	75	40	0	95
English and non-official language	1,505	1,500	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	10	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	266,700	264,705	1,100	180	715	1,195
None	260,335	259,080	520	110	620	575
English	1,685	1,295	275	45	65	295
French	1,685	1,430	255	0	0	255
Non-official language	2,945	2,855	40	20	25	50
Aboriginal	90	90	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,855	2,765	45	15	25	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	40	35	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	266,700	264,705	1,105	180	720	1,190
English	257,105	257,095	10	0	0	10
French	1,145	105	1,045	0	0	1,040
Non-official language	7,520	6,635	25	140	720	100
Aboriginal	50	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,470	6,590	25	145	715	95
English and French	305	260	10	35	0	25
English and non-official language	595	595	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	20	0	0	20
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	266,705	264,705	1,105	180	715	1,195
Official languages	265,910	264,625	1,100	180	0	1,195
English	265,850	264,620	1,050	180	0	1,135
French	17,870	16,585	1,105	180	0	1,190
Non-official languages	11,155	10,065	220	155	715	295
Aboriginal languages	120	120	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,045	9,960	220	155	720	295
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	266,705	264,705	1,105	180	715	1,195
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	7,760	7,660	80	10	0	85
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	7,240	7,145	80	10	0	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	4,535	4,505	25	0	10	25
Métis	1,840	1,785	55	10	0	55
Inuk (Inuit)	860	860	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	85	85	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	445	430	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	258,945	257,040	1,020	170	710	1,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	266,705	264,705	1,105	180	715	1,195
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	3,125	3,085	25	10	10	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	263,580	261,610	1,080	175	710	1,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	266,700	264,700	1,100	180	715	1,195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,965	1,945	10	10	10	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,900	1,880	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,150	1,140	10	0	10	10
Métis single ancestry	410	400	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	340	340	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	60	65	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	25	30	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	10,920	10,745	155	10	10	160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	10,565	10,405	140	0	10	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,935	7,810	120	10	0	125
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	1,420	15	0	10	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,185	1,180	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	355	335	15	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	90	20	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	85	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	150	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	253,820	252,015	930	170	700	1,015
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	266,705	264,700	1,105	180	715	1,195
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	259,740	258,455	990	110	185	1,050
Canadian citizens only	257,500	256,360	910	80	145	950
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,240	2,095	85	35	35	95
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	6,965	6,245	115	70	535	145
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	266,700	264,700	1,100	185	720	1,195
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	254,860	253,830	855	50	125	885
Immigrants^Footnote 42	8,775	7,965	210	110	495	260
Before 1981	2,290	2,230	45	15	10	50
1981 to 1990	625	610	10	0	10	10
1991 to 2000	920	865	15	0	30	20
2001 to 2010	2,190	2,060	70	35	30	90
2001 to 2005	775	695	40	25	20	50
2006 to 2010	1,415	1,365	30	10	10	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	2,760	2,210	65	55	430	95
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	3,060	2,905	35	20	100	50
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	8,780	7,970	210	110	495	265
Under 5 years	1,060	945	15	15	90	20
5 to 14 years	1,565	1,330	50	30	155	65
15 to 24 years	1,400	1,345	30	10	10	35
25 to 44 years	4,150	3,820	115	55	160	145
45 years and over	605	525	10	0	75	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	8,780	7,970	210	110	495	265
Americas	1,690	1,635	10	50	0	35
Brazil	25	25	0	0	0	0
Colombia	105	95	0	15	0	0
El Salvador	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	20	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	70	0	0	0	0
Mexico	65	60	0	0	0	0
Peru	25	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,095	1,090	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	255	225	10	25	0	20
Europe	2,895	2,745	120	20	10	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	40	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	130	25	105	0	0	100
Germany	215	205	0	10	0	0
Greece	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	140	140	0	0	0	0
Italy	45	45	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	50	55	0	0	0	0
Poland	50	50	0	0	0	0
Portugal	100	85	0	10	10	0
Romania	40	35	10	0	0	10
Russian Federation	135	135	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	55	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,460	1,455	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	385	370	15	0	0	15
Africa	950	805	70	25	50	80
Algeria	20	0	10	10	0	10
Egypt	145	135	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	55	50	0	0	0	0
Kenya	30	30	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	155	150	0	0	0	0
Somalia	15	0	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	65	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	465	360	55	10	45	60
Asia	3,185	2,725	15	10	440	15
Afghanistan	40	25	0	0	20	0
Bangladesh	155	155	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	655	590	0	10	60	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	75	75	0	0	0	0
India	465	460	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	65	65	0	0	0	0
Iraq	165	160	0	10	0	0
Japan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	25	25	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	165	170	0	0	0	0
Philippines	410	410	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	85	85	0	0	0	10
Syria^Footnote 55	305	15	0	0	285	0
Taiwan	35	20	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	480	420	0	0	60	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	55	50	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	2,755	2,205	65	55	425	95
Americas	345	315	0	40	0	20
Brazil	20	20	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	30	30	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	45	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	150	145	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	25	20	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	55	35	0	20	0	10
Europe	440	395	30	0	0	35
France	45	15	35	0	0	30
Germany	20	10	0	0	0	10
Ireland^Footnote 60	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	45	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	40	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	135	135	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	130	0	0	0	0
Africa	475	390	35	15	35	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	20	0	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	55	55	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	30	25	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	30	35	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	10	0	0
Nigeria	115	120	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	130	20	0	25	20
Asia	1,470	1,080	10	0	390	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	50	50	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	220	185	0	0	30	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	110	100	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 65	35	30	0	0	0	0
Iraq	55	55	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	20	20	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	55	50	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	60	60	0	0	0	0
Philippines	270	270	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	40	35	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	50	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	295	10	10	0	285	10
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	120	0	0	35	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	30	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	266,705	264,705	1,100	180	720	1,195
First generation^Footnote 71	12,625	11,600	285	140	600	355
Second generation^Footnote 72	9,595	9,445	50	30	70	65
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	244,485	243,660	765	10	45	775
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	6,590	5,840	170	95	485	215
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	3,470	3,285	75	65	40	105
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	1,595	1,520	40	20	15	50
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,870	1,765	35	45	25	60
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,650	1,530	65	10	45	65
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,435	985	25	25	405	40
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	35	30	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	266,705	264,700	1,100	180	715	1,195
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	9,135	8,320	95	85	635	135
South Asian^Footnote 83	2,030	1,990	10	0	30	10
Chinese	1,970	1,860	0	10	100	0
Black	1,880	1,755	65	10	50	65
Filipino	670	670	0	0	10	0
Latin American	565	500	0	40	20	20
Arab	1,130	710	10	25	390	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	275	265	0	0	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	205	190	0	0	20	0
Korean	65	70	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	55	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	90	95	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	195	170	10	0	20	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	257,570	256,385	1,010	95	80	1,055
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	266,700	264,700	1,105	185	720	1,195
North American Aboriginal origins	12,880	12,690	170	15	15	175
First Nations (North American Indian)	9,320	9,165	145	10	10	145
Inuit	1,820	1,820	0	0	0	0
Métis	2,170	2,120	45	10	0	45
Other North American origins	141,045	140,550	465	20	15	475
Acadian	355	305	50	0	0	50
American	1,330	1,325	10	0	0	10
Canadian	138,150	137,730	385	20	15	395
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	2,645	2,645	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	60	40	25	0	0	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	154,540	153,565	825	90	65	865
British Isles origins	147,545	147,250	245	15	30	255
Channel Islander	50	50	0	0	0	0
Cornish	25	25	0	0	0	0
English	101,430	101,270	120	15	30	130
Irish	75,765	75,630	125	0	10	125
Manx	20	20	0	0	0	0
Scottish	20,185	20,140	40	10	0	45
Welsh	3,085	3,080	0	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,990	3,985	0	0	0	0
French origins	11,265	10,510	730	15	0	740
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,255	10,505	725	15	10	735
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,185	7,060	90	30	0	105
Austrian	290	285	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	175	170	10	0	0	10
Dutch	1,365	1,340	15	0	10	15
Flemish	15	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,580	5,490	50	30	0	65
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	195	180	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	20	15	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,515	2,490	10	10	0	15
Danish	420	420	0	0	0	0
Finnish	195	190	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	155	155	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,070	1,065	10	0	0	10
Swedish	605	605	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	210	195	10	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	3,095	3,040	45	0	10	50
Bulgarian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	15	0	10	10	10
Czech	145	145	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	45	50	0	0	0	0
Estonian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	265	0	0	0	0
Latvian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	85	0	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,090	1,065	15	10	0	20
Romanian	140	115	20	0	0	20
Russian	705	685	10	10	0	15
Slovak	55	60	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	945	935	0	10	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	70	65	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,290	3,180	45	40	25	70
Albanian	50	45	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	10	0	0
Croatian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	295	290	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,125	1,100	30	0	0	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	95	95	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	860	835	10	0	10	15
Serbian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	725	670	10	35	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	30	30	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	730	715	15	0	0	15
Basque	55	55	0	0	0	10
Jewish	185	190	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	95	95	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	390	380	10	0	0	15
Caribbean origins	660	660	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	90	85	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	135	140	0	0	0	0
Dominican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	255	255	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	35	40	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	35	35	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	740	660	10	40	30	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	25	0	0	15	0
Chilean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Colombian	155	130	0	15	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	55	40	0	0	0	10
Guatemalan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	35	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	40	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maya	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mexican	180	165	0	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	65	55	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	45	45	0	0	0	0
African origins	2,145	1,925	70	35	105	90
Central and West African origins	650	590	20	10	30	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	130	80	10	0	30	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	305	305	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	70	70	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	30	30	0	0	0	0
North African origins	505	420	10	15	60	20
Algerian	15	10	0	0	0	10
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	215	210	0	10	0	0
Libyan	165	105	0	0	55	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	40	30	0	0	0	10
Sudanese	75	80	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	480	450	10	0	20	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	25	20	10	0	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	50	40	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	55	50	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	20	0	0	10	0
South African	95	95	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	60	60	0	0	0	0
Zambian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	60	60	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	65	60	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	545	500	40	0	0	40
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	50	45	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	505	470	45	0	0	40
Asian origins	7,525	6,955	35	15	520	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,965	1,575	20	0	365	25
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	305	160	0	0	145	0
Armenian	30	15	10	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	190	180	0	0	0	10
Iraqi	145	140	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	125	115	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	635	630	0	0	0	10
Palestinian	70	65	0	0	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Syrian	275	85	0	0	185	10
Tajik	60	45	0	0	15	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	95	85	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	25	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,120	2,075	0	0	30	0
Bangladeshi	240	235	0	0	10	0
Bengali	55	50	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	50	55	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,360	1,345	0	0	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	95	85	0	0	10	0
Pakistani	240	240	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	35	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	85	85	0	0	0	0
Tamil	55	55	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	45	35	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,495	3,350	10	15	125	15
Burmese	35	30	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	25	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,245	2,130	0	10	105	10
Filipino	785	785	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	85	0	0	10	0
Karen	35	30	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	90	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	115	110	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	30	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	30	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	60	10	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	30	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	180	180	0	0	0	0
Australian	120	125	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	45	40	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	226,165	224,745	945	115	350	1,005
No certificate, diploma or degree	38,820	38,525	65	10	215	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	57,290	57,085	150	20	40	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130,055	129,135	735	90	100	780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	22,745	22,630	85	10	25	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	10,620	10,550	55	0	15	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	12,130	12,075	30	10	10	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	55,415	55,225	165	0	20	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,990	5,915	60	10	0	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45,900	45,360	425	65	50	455
Bachelor's degree	29,890	29,610	215	20	45	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,060	2,035	20	0	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,255	1,250	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	10,745	10,600	120	30	0	135
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	1,950	1,870	70	10	0	75
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	226,160	224,745	945	115	355	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	96,105	95,610	215	35	250	225
Education	10,405	10,340	55	0	0	55
13. Education	10,405	10,335	55	10	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,605	2,580	20	0	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	500	495	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,100	2,085	20	0	0	20
Humanities	4,810	4,725	70	0	15	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	360	335	15	0	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	1,330	1,325	10	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,080	1,050	20	0	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	70	65	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	395	390	10	0	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	570	575	0	0	0	0
54. History	690	685	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	315	305	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,655	9,535	105	15	10	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	260	245	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	650	630	15	0	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,070	2,065	10	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,455	1,440	0	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	90	90	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,670	1,650	20	0	0	20
45. Social sciences	3,470	3,415	55	0	0	60
Business, management and public administration	29,390	29,255	100	10	15	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	85	85	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,755	1,755	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	27,550	27,415	100	10	20	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,285	4,200	70	15	0	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,750	1,720	30	0	0	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	925	915	10	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	95	100	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,360	1,320	30	15	0	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	150	150	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,985	5,945	35	0	0	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,035	5,010	25	0	0	25
25. Library science	375	370	10	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	525	520	0	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	50	50	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	32,025	31,855	130	25	15	145
04. Architecture and related services	250	250	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,285	5,210	55	15	0	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	7,100	7,085	10	0	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	20	20	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	9,250	9,210	25	0	10	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,635	6,620	20	0	0	20
48. Precision production	3,485	3,470	15	0	10	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,585	1,550	25	10	0	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	695	680	10	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	890	865	20	0	0	20
Health and related fields	18,775	18,680	75	0	20	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,050	1,045	10	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	17,255	17,165	70	0	20	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	470	465	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,535	10,460	50	10	20	50
12. Personal and culinary services	5,005	4,980	10	0	20	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	90	90	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,400	1,380	15	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,020	4,000	25	0	0	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	226,160	224,745	945	120	350	1,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	96,110	95,610	215	35	255	225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	130,055	129,135	735	85	100	775
Location of study inside Canada	124,265	123,605	635	10	10	640
Same as province or territory of residence	107,655	107,485	160	0	10	160
Different than province or territory of residence	16,605	16,120	475	15	0	485
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	5,795	5,530	100	75	90	135
United States^Footnote 130	1,565	1,540	10	10	0	20
Philippines	385	390	0	0	0	0
India	280	280	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,095	1,085	10	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	315	265	0	0	45	0
France	105	45	55	10	0	55
Other	2,045	1,925	25	55	40	55
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	226,160	224,745	945	120	355	not applicable ...
In the labour force	141,865	141,005	715	85	65	not applicable ...
Employed	126,910	126,120	650	75	65	not applicable ...
Unemployed	14,960	14,880	65	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	84,295	83,740	230	35	285	not applicable ...
Participation rate	62.7	62.7	75.7	70.8	18.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	56.1	56.1	68.8	62.5	18.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	10.5	10.6	9.1	11.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	226,160	224,745	945	120	355	1,005
Did not work^Footnote 135	74,180	73,695	175	30	280	185
Worked	151,980	151,050	780	90	70	820
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	79,775	79,340	385	35	20	400
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	72,210	71,710	390	55	50	420
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.4	41.1	35.1	43.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	155,645	154,690	785	90	80	830
a.Management	13,675	13,585	80	0	10	80
00 Senior management occupations	1,470	1,455	10	0	0	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,750	4,720	25	0	0	25
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	4,890	4,860	25	0	0	20
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,570	2,545	20	0	0	15
b.Professional	28,035	27,710	290	30	0	305
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,125	4,095	15	0	0	25
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,690	5,605	70	15	0	80
30 Professional occupations in nursing	3,630	3,620	15	0	0	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,465	2,445	20	0	0	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	6,590	6,470	110	10	0	115
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	4,030	4,005	15	0	0	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,505	1,465	40	0	0	40
c.Technical and paraprofessional	17,050	16,950	80	20	0	90
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	6,785	6,750	30	10	0	30
32 Technical occupations in health	3,360	3,350	20	0	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,705	2,690	15	0	0	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,210	1,200	0	10	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,985	2,960	20	0	0	20
d.Administration and administrative support	18,755	18,645	105	0	0	110
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	7,810	7,740	70	0	0	65
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,025	1,025	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	7,455	7,425	30	0	0	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,465	2,455	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	15,980	15,915	50	10	10	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,850	2,830	20	0	0	20
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	7,310	7,280	20	10	0	20
66 Sales support occupations	5,820	5,815	10	0	0	10
f.Personal and customer information services	27,405	27,260	95	20	35	105
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,145	2,145	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,795	4,775	25	0	0	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	4,915	4,865	20	0	30	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	6,805	6,765	30	10	0	35
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	8,745	8,705	25	10	0	30
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	14,710	14,650	40	0	15	45
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	10,560	10,510	35	0	15	35
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	4,150	4,145	0	0	0	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	10,310	10,295	10	0	0	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,200	2,190	0	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,105	5,100	0	10	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,005	3,000	0	0	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,945	4,910	30	0	0	30
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,790	2,765	25	0	0	25
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,195	1,185	0	0	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	955	960	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,780	4,765	10	0	10	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,000	1,000	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,370	1,370	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	470	470	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,940	1,930	10	0	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	155,645	154,690	785	90	85	830
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,315	3,295	15	0	10	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	840	835	0	0	10	10
113 Forestry and logging	30	30	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	2,365	2,355	15	0	0	15
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	75	80	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,025	4,985	25	15	0	30
211 Oil and gas extraction	1,755	1,740	10	10	0	15
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	660	650	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	2,615	2,600	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	1,570	1,575	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	1,575	1,575	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	15,565	15,505	50	10	0	55
236 Construction of buildings	4,680	4,645	25	0	10	25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	2,660	2,650	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	8,225	8,210	20	0	0	20
31-33 Manufacturing	8,805	8,785	20	0	0	15
311 Food manufacturing	3,830	3,830	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	410	405	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	15	15	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	40	40	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	210	215	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	55	60	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	175	175	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	620	620	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	205	205	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	180	180	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	360	360	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	425	425	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	610	610	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	255	250	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	165	165	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	35	35	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	600	590	10	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	305	305	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	230	230	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,955	3,940	15	0	0	15
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	160	160	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	1,010	1,005	10	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	315	320	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	185	185	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	735	735	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	970	960	10	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	420	415	0	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	160	160	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	18,975	18,905	60	0	10	65
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,355	2,355	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	460	460	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	450	440	10	0	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,845	1,840	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	4,680	4,665	15	10	0	20
446 Health and personal care stores	1,825	1,820	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	855	855	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,920	1,910	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	810	805	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	2,600	2,585	20	0	10	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	880	875	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	300	290	10	0	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,665	6,645	10	10	0	15
481 Air transportation	835	840	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	15	10	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	790	785	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,135	1,135	0	0	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	985	985	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	50	45	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,390	1,390	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	660	655	0	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	420	425	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	385	375	0	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,060	3,015	35	0	0	35
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	435	420	10	0	10	15
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	430	425	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	345	345	10	0	0	10
517 Telecommunications	1,450	1,445	10	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	35	35	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	360	355	10	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,775	3,760	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,430	1,425	0	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	415	420	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,915	1,910	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	20	10	10	0	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,855	1,860	0	0	0	0
531 Real estate	1,495	1,490	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	350	350	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,200	9,150	40	20	0	45
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,205	9,150	35	20	0	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	140	140	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	145	145	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,120	5,075	30	0	10	35
561 Administrative and support services	4,745	4,705	30	0	10	35
562 Waste management and remediation services	375	370	0	0	10	0
61 Educational services	11,965	11,785	170	15	0	175
611 Educational services	11,965	11,785	170	15	0	175
62 Health care and social assistance	21,230	21,165	65	0	0	70
621 Ambulatory health care services	4,660	4,625	35	0	0	35
622 Hospitals	8,175	8,170	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,560	2,560	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	5,830	5,805	25	0	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,925	2,890	30	10	0	35
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	850	840	10	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	350	340	10	0	0	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,730	1,710	20	0	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	11,660	11,575	45	10	35	50
721 Accommodation services	1,535	1,525	10	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	10,120	10,045	40	0	35	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	6,735	6,695	35	0	10	35
811 Repair and maintenance	1,970	1,955	0	0	10	10
812 Personal and laundry services	1,970	1,975	0	0	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,190	2,165	20	0	10	25
814 Private households	605	600	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	14,085	13,945	120	10	0	130
911 Federal government public administration	5,820	5,720	95	10	0	105
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	5,525	5,495	25	10	0	20
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,725	2,725	10	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	126,905	126,125	650	75	65	690
Worked at home	5,765	5,705	45	10	10	50
Worked outside Canada	510	510	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	14,485	14,430	55	0	0	50
Worked at usual place	106,145	105,475	550	65	55	580
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	155,645	154,690	790	85	80	830
English	154,515	153,830	570	75	40	605
French	605	425	175	10	0	185
Non-official language	155	110	0	0	40	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	110	0	0	45	0
English and French	260	225	30	10	0	30
English and non-official language	100	95	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	155,645	154,695	790	85	80	830
None	152,995	152,400	450	65	75	485
English	565	410	150	0	0	150
French	1,635	1,450	185	10	0	185
Non-official language	405	395	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	20	20	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	380	375	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	30	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	106,145	105,475	550	65	55	580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	51,360	50,945	305	55	55	335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	52,370	52,135	225	10	0	225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,240	1,230	10	0	0	10
Commute to a different province or territory	1,175	1,165	10	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	120,635	119,910	605	65	60	635
Car, truck, van - as a driver	98,520	98,025	420	40	30	440
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10,185	10,085	80	0	25	85
Public transit	3,410	3,365	30	10	0	35
Walked	5,250	5,180	65	0	10	65
Bicycle	195	185	10	0	0	10
Other method	3,075	3,070	10	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	120,635	119,910	600	60	55	635
Less than 15 minutes	44,430	44,190	185	25	30	195
15 to 29 minutes	50,940	50,600	295	30	20	310
30 to 44 minutes	13,290	13,200	75	10	10	80
45 to 59 minutes	3,150	3,125	15	10	0	20
60 minutes and over	8,825	8,790	30	0	0	30
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	120,635	119,905	605	65	60	635
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,135	6,105	35	0	0	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,805	13,745	50	0	0	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	38,400	38,185	175	30	10	195
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	33,280	33,030	225	0	15	230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10,755	10,670	45	10	30	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,260	18,170	70	10	10	75
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	264,260	262,320	1,100	175	660	1,185
Non-movers	234,820	233,630	840	140	205	910
Movers	29,440	28,690	255	35	460	275
Non-migrants	16,350	16,190	85	15	65	95
Migrants	13,095	12,500	170	25	395	185
Internal migrants	11,480	11,315	125	15	25	135
Intraprovincial migrants	8,330	8,265	60	0	0	60
Interprovincial migrants	3,155	3,055	60	15	25	70
External migrants	1,615	1,185	50	10	370	50
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	254,085	252,340	1,050	170	520	1,140
Non-movers	171,180	170,570	475	45	90	495
Movers	82,905	81,775	575	130	430	640
Non-migrants	42,080	41,920	110	15	35	110
Migrants	40,825	39,850	470	120	390	525
Internal migrants	35,800	35,350	370	55	15	400
Intraprovincial migrants	23,965	23,890	80	0	0	80
Interprovincial migrants	11,830	11,460	290	60	15	325
External migrants	5,030	4,500	95	60	380	125

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Division No. 1

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.