Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Queens

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	80,025	77,575	1,505	180	755	1,600
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	80,020	77,580	1,505	185	755	1,600
0 to 14 years	13,210	12,735	150	65	255	185
0 to 4 years	4,100	3,905	60	10	135	65
5 to 9 years	4,750	4,610	40	20	75	50
10 to 14 years	4,355	4,220	50	40	50	70
15 to 64 years	53,200	51,480	1,155	105	460	1,210
15 to 19 years	4,820	4,645	100	50	30	120
20 to 24 years	5,325	5,245	70	15	0	75
25 to 29 years	4,785	4,705	60	10	10	65
30 to 34 years	4,695	4,540	115	10	40	115
35 to 39 years	4,930	4,735	95	0	95	100
40 to 44 years	5,120	4,870	130	10	110	135
45 to 49 years	5,455	5,180	160	10	105	170
50 to 54 years	6,305	6,075	190	10	35	190
55 to 59 years	5,990	5,845	120	0	20	125
60 to 64 years	5,780	5,640	115	10	20	120
65 years and over	13,615	13,365	200	10	40	205
65 to 69 years	5,105	5,000	85	0	15	85
70 to 74 years	3,615	3,545	55	10	10	60
75 to 79 years	2,245	2,220	15	0	10	15
80 to 84 years	1,480	1,450	25	0	10	25
85 years and over	1,175	1,150	20	0	0	25
85 to 89 years	810	785	25	0	0	25
90 to 94 years	290	295	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	70	70	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.2	41.2	43.5	24.4	31.2	not applicable ...
Median age	42.3	42.3	46.0	16.6	37.1	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	66,815	64,845	1,355	110	500	1,410
Married or living common law	39,900	38,550	905	45	400	930
Married	33,840	32,705	705	45	385	730
Living common law	6,060	5,845	200	0	20	200
Not married and not living common law	26,910	26,295	450	70	95	485
Never married	17,870	17,460	310	60	45	340
Separated	1,885	1,840	25	0	10	30
Divorced	3,670	3,560	80	0	30	80
Widowed	3,490	3,435	30	0	15	35
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	66,815	64,845	1,355	115	500	1,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,535	62,785	1,295	85	375	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,019	40,929	53,773	24,867	15,628	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,069	33,072	45,381	13,199	12,781	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,545	62,790	1,295	80	375	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,897	33,857	42,243	21,998	14,450	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,305	29,318	37,983	13,199	12,759	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,065	57,490	1,210	85	280	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,294	38,136	52,337	22,690	15,054	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,095	29,042	42,487	13,199	10,802	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,745	46,595	840	55	245	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,070	8,095	7,460	3,362	6,476	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,844	5,856	2,188	4,057	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,435	48,155	1,045	50	185	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,209	37,023	50,786	16,722	14,568	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,557	28,510	44,475	9,479	13,399	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	85.4	85.3	90.9	91.2	73.2	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	69.5	69.4	76.1	35.6	46.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	14.6	14.7	9.0	8.4	27.6	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	66,810	64,845	1,355	115	500	1,410
Without total income	2,275	2,060	60	30	125	80
With total income	64,535	62,785	1,295	85	375	1,330
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.8	95.6	73.9	75.0	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,395	8,060	130	too unreliable to be published F	170	145
$10,000 to $19,999	11,215	10,940	175	too unreliable to be published F	85	180
$20,000 to $29,999	9,765	9,570	115	too unreliable to be published F	70	115
$30,000 to $39,999	9,235	9,040	170	too unreliable to be published F	20	170
$40,000 to $49,999	7,625	7,425	180	too unreliable to be published F	20	185
$50,000 to $59,999	5,530	5,400	130	too unreliable to be published F	10	130
$60,000 to $69,999	3,730	3,615	115	too unreliable to be published F	0	115
$70,000 to $79,999	2,860	2,785	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$80,000 to $89,999	1,915	1,830	80	too unreliable to be published F	0	80
$90,000 to $99,999	1,165	1,110	50	too unreliable to be published F	0	50
$100,000 and over	3,105	3,015	95	too unreliable to be published F	0	90
$100,000 to $149,999	2,165	2,100	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$150,000 and over	935	910	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	66,815	64,845	1,360	115	500	1,410
Without after-tax income	2,270	2,055	65	30	125	80
With after-tax income	64,545	62,795	1,290	85	370	1,335
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.8	94.9	73.9	74.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,790	8,450	135	too unreliable to be published F	170	155
$10,000 to $19,999	12,115	11,820	180	too unreliable to be published F	100	185
$20,000 to $29,999	12,090	11,810	205	too unreliable to be published F	60	210
$30,000 to $39,999	11,130	10,910	190	too unreliable to be published F	25	190
$40,000 to $49,999	7,950	7,745	195	too unreliable to be published F	15	195
$50,000 to $59,999	4,930	4,770	155	too unreliable to be published F	0	160
$60,000 to $69,999	3,120	3,020	90	too unreliable to be published F	0	90
$70,000 to $79,999	1,715	1,635	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	75
$80,000 and over	2,705	2,630	80	too unreliable to be published F	0	80
$80,000 to $89,999	890	865	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
$90,000 to $99,999	580	565	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
$100,000 and over	1,240	1,200	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	66,815	64,845	1,355	115	500	1,415
Without employment income	17,380	16,690	315	70	315	345
With employment income	49,435	48,160	1,045	45	185	1,070
Percentage with employment income	74.0	74.3	77.1	39.1	37.0	75.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,400	6,240	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$5,000 to $9,999	5,025	4,860	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$10,000 to $19,999	7,880	7,705	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$20,000 to $29,999	6,210	6,085	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$30,000 to $39,999	5,815	5,725	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$40,000 to $49,999	4,855	4,725	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$50,000 to $59,999	3,785	3,670	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$60,000 to $69,999	2,645	2,570	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$70,000 to $79,999	2,215	2,155	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$80,000 and over	4,605	4,420	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	185
$80,000 to $89,999	1,510	1,440	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$90,000 to $99,999	815	775	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 and over	2,275	2,200	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	66,815	64,845	1,355	115	500	1,415
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	23,730	23,140	530	0	40	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	46,601	46,232	59,349	0	21,921	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	53,547	53,253	68,919	0	25,730	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	80,025	77,580	1,505	185	755	1,600
English only	68,925	68,925	0	0	0	0
French only	80	0	75	0	0	75
English and French	10,250	8,635	1,430	185	0	1,525
Neither English nor French	775	20	0	0	755	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	80,025	77,580	1,510	185	755	1,595
English	74,555	73,725	835	0	0	835
French	655	50	605	0	0	605
Non-official language	3,615	2,770	0	85	755	45
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,610	2,770	10	85	755	45
English and French	190	80	30	80	0	70
English and non-official language	950	940	15	0	0	10
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	15	10	20	0	15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	80,020	77,580	1,505	180	755	1,600
None	75,465	73,880	780	120	695	845
English	1,705	1,290	315	45	50	335
French	1,520	1,140	385	0	0	380
Non-official language	1,275	1,230	30	0	10	35
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,265	1,210	30	10	10	35
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	35	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	80,020	77,575	1,505	185	755	1,600
English	72,050	72,050	0	0	0	0
French	1,550	120	1,430	0	0	1,430
Non-official language	5,695	4,845	10	95	755	55
Aboriginal	40	40	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,660	4,800	10	95	755	55
English and French	355	260	20	70	0	65
English and non-official language	290	285	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	45	10	40	0	0	40
English, French and non-official language	35	15	0	15	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	80,025	77,575	1,505	180	755	1,600
Official languages	79,245	77,560	1,510	185	0	1,600
English	79,170	77,560	1,430	185	0	1,520
French	10,325	8,635	1,505	185	0	1,600
Non-official languages	7,365	6,325	175	110	755	225
Aboriginal languages	60	60	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,310	6,265	175	110	755	225
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	80,020	77,580	1,510	185	755	1,600
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,520	1,475	45	0	0	50
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,470	1,425	40	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,065	1,045	15	0	0	20
Métis	365	345	20	0	0	20
Inuk (Inuit)	40	40	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	20	10	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	35	30	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	78,500	76,105	1,460	180	755	1,550
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	80,025	77,580	1,505	180	755	1,595
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	705	690	15	0	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	79,320	76,890	1,490	180	755	1,580
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	80,025	77,580	1,510	180	755	1,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	420	420	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	415	415	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	370	370	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	25	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,450	2,360	90	0	0	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,410	2,325	90	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,920	1,855	70	0	0	65
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	445	430	15	0	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	35	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	40	40	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	77,145	74,795	1,415	180	755	1,510
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	80,020	77,575	1,505	180	755	1,595
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	74,930	73,265	1,420	140	105	1,490
Canadian citizens only	73,690	72,075	1,395	120	100	1,460
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,240	1,195	25	15	0	30
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	5,095	4,310	85	45	650	110
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	80,020	77,580	1,510	180	755	1,600
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	71,815	70,295	1,365	90	55	1,415
Immigrants^Footnote 42	7,130	6,260	125	80	665	165
Before 1981	1,645	1,595	40	10	0	45
1981 to 1990	435	410	10	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	495	450	0	10	40	10
2001 to 2010	1,535	1,425	30	35	50	45
2001 to 2005	410	390	10	10	0	15
2006 to 2010	1,130	1,035	15	25	50	30
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	3,020	2,385	45	25	565	55
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	1,075	1,020	15	10	35	25
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	7,130	6,260	125	80	665	165
Under 5 years	785	685	15	10	80	20
5 to 14 years	1,550	1,365	15	30	130	35
15 to 24 years	1,105	1,020	30	10	45	35
25 to 44 years	2,920	2,580	55	15	260	65
45 years and over	780	615	10	15	145	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	7,130	6,260	125	80	670	165
Americas	1,100	1,060	40	0	0	40
Brazil	10	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	30	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	10
Jamaica	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	10
Peru	20	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	830	810	20	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	120	120	0	0	0	0
Europe	2,125	2,035	45	30	10	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	25	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	20	0	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	20
Germany	185	180	0	10	0	0
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	55	50	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italy	55	50	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	370	370	0	0	0	0
Poland	45	35	0	10	0	0
Portugal	40	40	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	75	70	0	10	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	30	35	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	45	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	860	865	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	245	215	25	0	10	25
Africa	300	270	25	0	0	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	70	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	65	70	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	85	10	0	0	15
Asia	3,600	2,890	20	45	650	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	1,770	1,320	0	25	425	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	85	75	0	0	10	0
India	220	205	0	0	15	0
Iran^Footnote 53	230	220	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	80	70	10	10	0	0
Lebanon	90	70	10	0	10	10
Pakistan	55	50	0	0	0	0
Philippines	265	265	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	40	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	195	85	0	0	100	10
Taiwan	70	65	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	405	325	0	0	80	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	3,025	2,380	45	20	565	60
Americas	155	145	15	0	0	15
Brazil	10	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	15	0	0	15
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	90	95	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	20	0	0	0	0
Europe	345	305	25	0	10	25
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	40	35	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	40	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	85	90	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	145	115	20	0	10	20
Africa	110	110	10	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	35	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	25	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	0	0	0	0
Asia	2,410	1,825	0	20	560	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	1,370	980	0	20	380	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	40	35	0	0	10	0
India	125	110	0	0	15	0
Iran^Footnote 65	100	90	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	20	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nepal	80	65	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	200	195	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	175	70	0	0	105	10
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	20	15	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	85	0	0	50	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	80,025	77,575	1,510	185	755	1,600
First generation^Footnote 71	8,585	7,645	150	90	700	200
Second generation^Footnote 72	6,050	5,820	160	20	50	170
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	65,385	64,115	1,195	70	0	1,235
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	5,545	4,725	85	70	665	120
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	4,145	3,565	65	55	460	95
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	1,550	1,395	25	20	105	35
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	2,595	2,170	35	30	350	55
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	725	695	15	10	10	15
Refugees^Footnote 79	635	435	10	10	190	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	40	30	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	80,025	77,580	1,510	185	755	1,600
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	5,635	4,805	70	65	695	100
South Asian^Footnote 83	850	740	0	0	105	10
Chinese	2,435	1,930	0	30	475	15
Black	660	620	40	0	0	40
Filipino	310	315	0	0	0	0
Latin American	145	140	0	10	0	0
Arab	550	430	25	15	90	30
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	90	90	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	210	200	0	0	10	10
Korean	165	155	0	10	0	10
Japanese	100	95	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	50	45	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	60	50	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	74,385	72,770	1,440	120	60	1,500
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	80,020	77,575	1,510	185	755	1,600
North American Aboriginal origins	2,875	2,785	90	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,340	2,270	65	0	0	65
Inuit	90	85	10	0	0	10
Métis	495	480	15	0	0	15
Other North American origins	31,475	30,555	835	70	15	870
Acadian	1,920	1,555	335	35	0	350
American	755	740	15	0	0	20
Canadian	29,760	29,085	610	45	15	630
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	35	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	58,600	57,320	1,160	95	30	1,205
British Isles origins	51,005	50,710	275	15	10	280
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	23,790	23,750	40	0	0	40
Irish	23,205	23,040	155	10	0	160
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	31,240	31,105	115	15	0	115
Welsh	1,695	1,650	30	20	0	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,200	1,180	20	0	0	25
French origins	13,640	12,630	965	40	0	985
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	13,630	12,625	960	45	0	985
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,795	7,695	70	30	0	85
Austrian	165	160	10	0	0	10
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	265	220	45	0	0	45
Dutch	3,025	2,990	20	15	0	30
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	25	15	0	10	0	10
German	4,600	4,575	10	20	0	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	125	125	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,245	1,230	10	0	0	15
Danish	480	480	0	0	0	0
Finnish	120	115	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	80	75	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	215	215	10	0	0	10
Swedish	330	330	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	85	85	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,090	2,010	60	25	0	65
Bulgarian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	65	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	45	45	0	0	0	0
Estonian	40	45	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	215	200	0	10	0	10
Latvian	40	25	15	0	0	15
Lithuanian	80	60	15	0	0	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	770	740	20	10	0	25
Romanian	90	80	15	0	0	10
Russian	370	360	0	10	0	10
Slovak	50	45	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	640	640	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,805	1,710	65	10	20	70
Albanian	75	65	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	130	125	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	125	0	10	0	0
Italian	810	770	30	10	10	30
Kosovar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	215	10	0	0	10
Serbian	70	70	10	0	0	10
Sicilian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Spanish	350	330	15	0	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	325	315	0	0	10	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	180	170	0	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	130	130	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	250	240	10	0	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	10	15	0	0	15
Jamaican	105	110	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	25	25	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	300	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	45	0	0	10	0
Chilean	15	20	0	0	0	0
Colombian	50	45	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	45	40	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	40	10	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	845	780	50	0	10	55
Central and West African origins	175	165	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	130	125	10	0	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	20	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	200	165	35	0	0	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Libyan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	15	20	0	0	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	105	105	0	0	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	0	0	0	0
South African	40	30	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	395	380	15	0	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	370	360	15	0	0	15
Asian origins	5,625	4,805	40	60	730	65
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,465	1,285	35	15	130	40
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	150	140	0	10	10	0
Armenian	20	10	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	295	275	0	10	10	10
Iraqi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	30	30	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	625	595	20	10	0	25
Palestinian	60	65	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	220	115	0	0	100	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	10	0
Turk	35	40	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	895	780	0	0	115	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	135	95	0	0	40	0
East Indian	535	510	10	0	25	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	185	120	0	0	65	0
Pakistani	75	70	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	45	45	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,285	2,750	10	40	490	25
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,545	2,035	0	25	485	15
Filipino	350	350	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	105	95	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	175	160	10	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	60	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	35	0	0	0	0
Australian	25	30	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	66,815	64,845	1,355	115	495	1,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,025	9,655	175	40	160	195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	16,745	16,370	245	30	105	255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,045	38,820	935	45	235	960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,990	4,900	80	10	0	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	2,675	2,620	55	0	0	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	2,310	2,280	30	0	0	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,580	16,115	380	10	75	385
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,950	1,890	15	0	40	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,520	15,920	455	30	120	470
Bachelor's degree	11,295	10,950	250	15	85	260
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	895	850	35	0	0	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	475	465	10	10	0	10
Master's degree	3,260	3,100	130	10	20	135
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	590	555	25	0	10	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	66,815	64,845	1,360	115	500	1,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	26,770	26,025	415	70	265	450
Education	3,115	2,935	165	0	15	170
13. Education	3,115	2,935	165	0	15	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,015	995	25	0	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	120	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	895	870	20	0	0	20
Humanities	2,120	2,030	55	10	30	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	65	0	0	20	10
23. English language and literature/letters	540	530	10	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	510	485	20	0	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	145	145	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	190	0	0	0	0
54. History	510	505	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	95	10	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,775	3,635	80	10	50	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	45	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	270	0	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	720	15	0	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	685	655	20	0	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	65	60	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	940	920	10	0	10	15
45. Social sciences	1,015	970	30	10	15	35
Business, management and public administration	10,205	9,890	260	0	55	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	35	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	860	835	20	0	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,315	9,025	240	0	55	240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,905	1,845	50	10	10	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	975	940	35	0	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	490	490	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	35	35	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	365	345	15	0	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	45	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,310	1,235	60	10	10	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,095	1,035	55	0	0	55
25. Library science	75	70	0	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	115	0	0	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,770	6,610	100	10	45	105
04. Architecture and related services	235	220	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	870	835	10	0	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,160	1,140	20	0	0	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,310	2,275	25	0	0	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,440	1,400	30	0	0	30
48. Precision production	765	745	15	0	0	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	1,060	35	0	10	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	750	725	20	10	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	350	335	15	0	0	15
Health and related fields	6,375	6,275	75	15	10	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	440	435	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,830	5,735	70	15	10	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	105	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,350	2,300	40	0	0	45
12. Personal and culinary services	1,430	1,410	15	10	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	35	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	375	15	0	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	490	470	15	0	0	15
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	66,815	64,840	1,355	110	500	1,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,770	26,020	420	65	265	455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	40,040	38,820	940	45	235	960
Location of study inside Canada	36,070	35,200	840	20	15	850
Same as province or territory of residence	24,160	23,785	360	0	10	360
Different than province or territory of residence	11,910	11,415	480	20	0	490
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	3,970	3,620	100	25	225	110
United States^Footnote 130	965	935	30	0	0	35
Philippines	170	170	0	0	0	0
India	160	150	0	0	10	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	460	460	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	920	725	0	10	195	0
France	30	0	30	0	0	30
Other	1,265	1,185	35	20	25	45
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	66,810	64,840	1,355	115	500	not applicable ...
In the labour force	44,740	43,580	940	50	165	not applicable ...
Employed	40,110	39,100	830	50	130	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,630	4,480	105	10	35	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	22,075	21,265	420	60	330	not applicable ...
Participation rate	67.0	67.2	69.4	43.5	33.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	60.0	60.3	61.3	43.5	26.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	10.3	10.3	11.2	20.0	21.2	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	66,815	64,845	1,360	115	500	1,415
Did not work^Footnote 135	18,855	18,180	350	45	275	370
Worked	47,960	46,660	1,005	70	220	1,040
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	24,315	23,715	530	15	60	540
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	23,645	22,945	475	55	170	505
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	41.3	41.0	35.2	37.2	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	49,065	47,735	1,030	75	230	1,060
a.Management	5,540	5,350	130	0	55	135
00 Senior management occupations	635	600	15	0	25	15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,720	1,635	75	0	15	70
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,810	1,780	20	0	10	20
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,370	1,340	25	0	0	25
b.Professional	8,705	8,380	265	10	45	270
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,350	1,295	40	10	15	40
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,465	1,410	45	0	15	45
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,000	995	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	665	655	10	0	0	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,195	2,050	135	10	0	135
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,500	1,450	40	0	10	35
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	530	525	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,100	4,985	115	0	0	115
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,505	1,460	35	0	0	30
32 Technical occupations in health	1,045	1,030	15	0	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,305	1,280	25	0	0	25
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	330	320	15	0	0	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	915	895	25	0	0	25
d.Administration and administrative support	5,755	5,560	160	0	30	165
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,580	2,465	95	10	15	100
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	620	590	15	0	15	15
14 Office support occupations	1,980	1,935	40	10	0	40
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	575	565	10	0	0	0
e.Sales	4,930	4,850	60	10	10	60
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	820	815	0	0	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,180	2,140	35	0	10	35
66 Sales support occupations	1,930	1,895	20	10	0	25
f.Personal and customer information services	9,510	9,225	190	20	70	205
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,150	1,140	10	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	795	750	40	0	0	40
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,755	1,705	20	10	20	25
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,480	2,380	75	10	20	75
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,340	3,245	55	10	30	60
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,470	3,420	40	0	10	45
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,450	2,420	25	0	0	20
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,020	1,000	15	10	0	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,780	2,740	35	0	0	35
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	470	465	10	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,610	1,585	20	0	0	20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	700	690	10	0	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,120	2,085	25	0	0	25
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	665	660	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	815	795	0	0	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	640	635	10	0	0	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,150	1,125	10	10	10	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	235	230	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	350	345	10	0	0	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	115	105	0	10	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	450	445	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	49,065	47,735	1,030	75	230	1,065
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,560	2,520	20	0	15	25
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,800	1,770	10	10	15	15
113 Forestry and logging	40	35	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	660	650	10	0	0	10
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	55	55	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	205	200	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	45	45	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	20	20	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	135	140	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	205	210	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	205	205	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,345	3,290	50	0	0	50
236 Construction of buildings	1,000	980	20	0	0	20
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	510	505	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,835	1,810	25	0	10	25
31-33 Manufacturing	2,495	2,425	45	10	20	50
311 Food manufacturing	810	795	20	0	0	20
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	110	115	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	20	20	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	25	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	75	65	10	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	85	80	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	410	400	10	0	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	60	55	10	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	75	70	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	215	210	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	130	120	0	0	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	25	15	0	10	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	195	195	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	100	90	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,040	1,010	0	0	15	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	30	25	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	310	310	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	125	125	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	40	45	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	105	105	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	280	265	0	10	10	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	105	110	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	20	0	0	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,895	5,820	50	10	20	55
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	635	625	10	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	190	185	0	10	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	175	175	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	565	560	0	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,325	1,290	20	10	15	20
446 Health and personal care stores	685	685	10	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	275	280	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	530	520	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	300	305	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	655	650	0	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	450	445	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	110	105	0	0	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,345	1,310	30	0	0	35
481 Air transportation	50	45	0	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	60	60	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	435	425	10	0	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	255	260	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	20	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	230	220	15	0	0	10
491 Postal service	175	170	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	105	105	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	15	15	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	745	730	0	0	10	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	240	225	10	0	10	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	105	105	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	90	90	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	195	195	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	105	110	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,520	1,500	15	0	10	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	530	530	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	480	480	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	505	495	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	680	645	0	0	30	10
531 Real estate	580	550	10	0	30	0
532 Rental and leasing services	100	100	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,060	2,965	60	0	35	55
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,060	2,965	55	10	30	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	50	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	50	50	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,950	1,915	35	0	0	35
561 Administrative and support services	1,795	1,760	30	0	0	35
562 Waste management and remediation services	155	155	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,885	3,695	180	10	10	185
611 Educational services	3,885	3,690	185	0	10	185
62 Health care and social assistance	5,980	5,890	75	10	0	80
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,545	1,525	20	0	0	20
622 Hospitals	1,865	1,850	15	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,450	1,430	10	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	1,120	1,085	35	0	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,430	1,400	25	0	0	30
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	415	410	0	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	205	190	15	0	0	15
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	810	800	0	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,505	4,340	100	10	55	100
721 Accommodation services	1,200	1,130	40	0	30	35
722 Food services and drinking places	3,310	3,210	60	10	25	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,035	1,975	50	0	15	50
811 Repair and maintenance	605	590	15	0	0	10
812 Personal and laundry services	660	650	0	0	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	665	635	25	0	10	25
814 Private households	105	100	10	0	0	10
91 Public administration	6,135	5,850	280	10	0	280
911 Federal government public administration	2,900	2,660	230	0	0	235
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	2,570	2,530	40	0	0	40
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	625	620	0	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	45	45	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	40,110	39,095	830	50	130	855
Worked at home	2,875	2,815	25	10	20	30
Worked outside Canada	255	235	0	0	15	0
No fixed workplace address	4,015	3,945	65	0	0	70
Worked at usual place	32,975	32,100	735	40	95	760
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	49,065	47,735	1,025	70	230	1,060
English	47,825	46,915	765	65	85	795
French	430	215	215	10	0	215
Non-official language	455	310	0	10	140	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	455	305	0	0	145	0
English and French	215	160	50	0	0	55
English and non-official language	140	140	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	49,070	47,735	1,030	75	230	1,065
None	46,645	45,875	535	50	185	560
English	405	275	105	10	15	105
French	1,525	1,125	390	15	0	395
Non-official language	475	445	0	0	35	0
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	465	435	0	0	30	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,970	32,100	740	40	90	760
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,160	13,775	300	25	65	310
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,715	15,335	345	15	25	350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,405	2,325	80	0	0	80
Commute to a different province or territory	690	665	25	10	0	30
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	36,985	36,045	805	40	90	825
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,695	29,980	645	25	45	655
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,755	2,670	70	10	10	75
Public transit	655	620	35	0	0	35
Walked	2,335	2,265	50	10	10	55
Bicycle	225	210	0	0	10	0
Other method	315	300	0	0	15	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	36,985	36,050	810	40	90	825
Less than 15 minutes	16,310	15,930	310	25	45	325
15 to 29 minutes	14,390	14,045	300	15	35	305
30 to 44 minutes	4,255	4,120	120	0	15	120
45 to 59 minutes	1,230	1,195	40	0	0	40
60 minutes and over	800	760	35	0	0	40
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	36,985	36,050	805	40	90	825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,470	1,450	20	0	0	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,380	5,250	125	10	0	125
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,380	13,015	345	0	25	345
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,635	8,405	200	10	25	200
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,240	3,155	55	15	20	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,870	4,780	60	0	30	60
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	79,240	76,815	1,500	175	740	1,590
Non-movers	67,830	66,050	1,315	130	325	1,385
Movers	11,410	10,765	185	50	415	210
Non-migrants	5,450	5,340	70	25	15	80
Migrants	5,965	5,420	120	25	400	130
Internal migrants	4,755	4,610	115	20	10	125
Intraprovincial migrants	2,755	2,685	55	15	0	60
Interprovincial migrants	2,000	1,930	60	10	10	65
External migrants	1,210	810	0	10	395	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	75,920	73,675	1,450	170	625	1,535
Non-movers	47,200	46,215	845	80	60	880
Movers	28,725	27,465	605	90	560	655
Non-migrants	12,945	12,685	185	15	55	200
Migrants	15,775	14,775	420	75	505	460
Internal migrants	12,235	11,825	355	45	0	380
Intraprovincial migrants	7,165	6,980	160	25	0	175
Interprovincial migrants	5,070	4,855	195	15	0	205
External migrants	3,540	2,950	60	30	500	75

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Queens

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.