Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Montcalm
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	52,030	720	50,275	315
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	52,030	715	50,280	310
0 to 14 years	9,795	55	9,605	70
0 to 4 years	3,590	10	3,540	30
5 to 9 years	3,425	15	3,345	40
10 to 14 years	2,780	25	2,725	10
15 to 64 years	35,025	545	33,755	200
15 to 19 years	2,635	15	2,590	25
20 to 24 years	2,960	30	2,885	15
25 to 29 years	3,615	35	3,525	0
30 to 34 years	3,560	55	3,395	30
35 to 39 years	3,605	60	3,480	15
40 to 44 years	3,070	50	2,930	20
45 to 49 years	3,435	50	3,280	25
50 to 54 years	4,430	115	4,220	25
55 to 59 years	4,250	60	4,115	20
60 to 64 years	3,470	75	3,325	20
65 years and over	7,215	120	6,920	40
65 to 69 years	2,785	50	2,675	10
70 to 74 years	2,075	25	1,995	0
75 to 79 years	1,245	30	1,180	20
80 to 84 years	700	10	675	0
85 years and over	415	10	395	0
85 to 89 years	270	0	260	0
90 to 94 years	135	0	115	0
95 to 99 years	15	0	15	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	39.3	47.4	39.1	37.8
Median age	39.8	50.6	39.6	38.2
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	42,240	665	40,670	240
Married or living common law	25,745	425	24,695	125
Married	12,140	230	11,510	55
Living common law	13,605	195	13,185	75
Not married and not living common law	16,495	240	15,975	115
Never married	11,565	130	11,285	85
Separated	560	10	510	0
Divorced	2,595	75	2,460	10
Widowed	1,780	20	1,715	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	42,240	665	40,670	240
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,670	645	39,160	220
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,183	33,543	35,272	39,008
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,144	28,855	30,224	29,643
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,685	645	39,170	225
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,087	29,072	30,149	32,082
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,513	26,845	27,585	26,443
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,775	535	33,540	185
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,596	32,096	32,645	37,922
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,179	27,531	27,244	25,949
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,760	550	31,490	185
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,079	8,247	9,095	9,627
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,872	5,741	7,921	9,487
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,425	475	28,345	155
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,221	32,706	33,256	40,478
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,773	28,073	28,839	29,473
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	79.2	78.8	79.3	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	68.3	71.8	68.2	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	20.8	21.0	20.7	20.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	42,240	665	40,675	240
Without total income	1,570	20	1,515	20
With total income	40,670	650	39,160	220
Percentage with total income	96.3	97.7	96.3	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,060	80	4,870	15
$10,000 to $19,999	8,025	165	7,650	55
$20,000 to $29,999	7,160	90	6,915	40
$30,000 to $39,999	6,135	100	5,895	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,135	80	4,940	30
$50,000 to $59,999	3,425	45	3,330	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,155	40	2,065	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,445	10	1,410	0
$80,000 to $89,999	815	10	800	10
$90,000 to $99,999	440	20	410	0
$100,000 and over	890	10	865	10
$100,000 to $149,999	695	0	680	10
$150,000 and over	195	0	190	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	42,240	665	40,675	240
Without after-tax income	1,560	20	1,505	20
With after-tax income	40,680	645	39,170	220
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	97.0	96.3	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,225	80	5,035	20
$10,000 to $19,999	8,425	175	8,050	60
$20,000 to $29,999	8,720	125	8,410	40
$30,000 to $39,999	7,720	125	7,415	55
$40,000 to $49,999	5,245	55	5,100	20
$50,000 to $59,999	2,745	45	2,650	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,330	30	1,295	10
$70,000 to $79,999	580	20	560	0
$80,000 and over	680	0	660	15
$80,000 to $89,999	295	0	285	10
$90,000 to $99,999	110	0	110	10
$100,000 and over	280	0	270	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	42,240	670	40,670	240
Without employment income	12,810	195	12,330	85
With employment income	29,425	470	28,345	155
Percentage with employment income	69.7	70.1	69.7	64.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,470	40	3,345	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	2,325	45	2,240	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	5,025	105	4,820	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,460	70	4,285	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,295	65	4,135	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,285	45	3,160	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,225	25	2,160	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,640	35	1,570	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	10	1,165	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,510	30	1,455	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	580	20	565	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	280	10	270	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	645	10	625	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	42,240	665	40,675	240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	12,515	235	11,980	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	40,103	33,948	40,277	46,258
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	43,996	40,462	44,171	57,669
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	52,035	715	50,280	315
English only	65	25	0	0
French only	36,925	10	36,595	35
English and French	15,015	680	13,675	280
Neither English nor French	35	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	52,035	715	50,280	315
English	545	295	140	20
French	50,760	380	49,855	230
Non-official language	200	0	45	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	200	0	45	0
English and French	260	45	130	65
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	205	0	95	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	15	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	52,035	715	50,280	315
None	49,345	350	48,375	195
English	1,885	190	1,565	100
French	315	140	95	10
Non-official language	385	20	175	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	390	25	175	0
English and French	15	0	10	0
English and non-official language	85	15	55	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	52,035	720	50,275	315
English	835	705	10	15
French	51,010	10	50,275	225
English and French	160	0	0	65
Neither English nor French	30	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	915	710	10	50
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	1.8	98.6	0.0	15.9
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	52,035	715	50,280	310
Official languages	52,000	715	50,275	310
English	15,075	710	13,680	280
French	51,935	690	50,275	315
Non-official languages	1,930	85	1,105	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,925	85	1,095	45
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	52,030	715	50,280	315
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	800	20	775	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	770	20	745	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	330	10	315	0
Métis	430	0	425	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	25	0	25	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	51,240	700	49,505	310
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	52,035	715	50,280	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	145	0	145	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	51,890	715	50,135	315
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	52,030	720	50,280	315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	570	20	550	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	555	20	535	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	460	20	440	0
Métis single ancestry	95	0	90	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	15	0	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	2,120	35	2,070	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	2,095	35	2,045	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,885	35	1,840	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	190	0	195	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	25	0	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	49,345	665	47,655	300
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	52,035	715	50,280	315
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	51,770	710	50,125	310
Canadian citizens only	51,460	700	49,940	310
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	305	10	190	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	265	0	155	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	52,030	715	50,280	310
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	50,970	690	49,785	310
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	1,040	25	480	0
Before 1981	355	15	170	0
1981 to 1990	160	10	50	0
1991 to 2000	165	0	85	0
2001 to 2010	250	10	135	0
2001 to 2005	120	0	65	0
2006 to 2010	130	0	65	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	105	0	50	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	25	0	15	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	1,040	25	480	0
Under 5 years	160	10	90	0
5 to 14 years	190	10	75	0
15 to 24 years	205	10	85	0
25 to 44 years	425	10	195	0
45 years and over	65	0	40	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	1,040	25	485	0
Americas	285	20	95	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	0	35	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	35	10	30	0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	10	15	0
Europe	575	10	345	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	265	0	260	0
Germany	20	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	0	0	0	0
Italy	80	0	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	0	0
Portugal	30	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	0	55	0
Africa	80	0	20	0
Algeria	15	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	0
Asia	100	0	20	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	15	0	15	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	0	0	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	105	0	45	0
Americas	35	0	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	0
Europe	40	0	40	0
France	35	0	40	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0
Asia	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	52,035	720	50,280	315
First generation^{Footnote 73}	1,105	35	525	10
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	1,605	185	1,230	45
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	49,330	500	48,525	265
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	700	15	330	0
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	305	0	200	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	135	0	105	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	170	0	95	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	285	10	125	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	110	0	10	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	52,035	715	50,280	315
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	735	30	375	10
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	10	10	0	0
Chinese	25	0	20	0
Black	320	15	255	10
Filipino	20	0	10	0
Latin American	215	0	50	0
Arab	90	0	20	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	45	0	15	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	10	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	51,300	690	49,905	300
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	52,035	715	50,280	315
North American Aboriginal origins	2,690	55	2,625	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,385	55	2,320	15
Inuit	30	0	30	0
Métis	320	0	320	0
Other North American origins	41,835	360	41,240	185
Acadian	660	10	660	0
American	150	10	140	0
Canadian	39,700	340	39,150	160
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	45	10	35	0
Québécois	1,840	15	1,800	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	10	0	10	0
European origins	16,450	475	15,405	190
British Isles origins	4,010	240	3,675	85
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	600	130	445	20
Irish	2,930	90	2,790	50
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	805	55	705	50
Welsh	10	0	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	85	20	65	0
French origins	11,300	115	11,095	65
Alsatian	10	0	10	0
Breton	85	0	80	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0
French	11,225	115	11,020	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,200	80	1,070	10
Austrian	20	0	20	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	355	0	350	10
Dutch	30	0	30	0
Flemish	20	0	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	675	65	575	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	115	10	105	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	0	60	0
Danish	0	10	0	0
Finnish	30	0	25	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	20	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	595	110	390	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0
Czech	15	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	0	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	25	10
Latvian	15	15	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	40	210	0
Romanian	75	10	40	0
Russian	65	0	60	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0
Ukrainian	180	40	105	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,335	110	1,900	70
Albanian	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	20	65	0
Italian	1,670	75	1,395	65
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	310	10	250	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	30	0	30	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0
Spanish	310	0	245	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	15	0	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	135	10	115	0
Basque	20	0	20	0
Jewish	35	0	25	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	75	0	70	0
Caribbean origins	420	15	340	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	0	45	0
Dominican	55	0	45	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	275	0	245	10
Jamaican	10	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	0	180	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	0	15	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0
Chilean	45	0	25	0
Colombian	20	0	15	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	0	30	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	0	40	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0
Salvadorean	55	0	35	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	0	100	0
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	10	0	10	0
North African origins	105	0	55	0
Algerian	10	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	60	0	35	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	0	35	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	15	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	35	0	30	0
Asian origins	230	25	90	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	85	15	25	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	25	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	10	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	0	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	0	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	120	15	55	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	0	0
Chinese	35	10	15	0
Filipino	25	10	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	20	0
Laotian	10	0	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	42,240	670	40,670	240
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,205	150	12,750	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	9,055	195	8,660	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,975	325	19,255	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,105	195	10,745	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	7,555	115	7,335	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	3,550	75	3,410	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,570	95	5,330	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	925	15	875	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,380	15	2,300	0
Bachelor's degree	1,845	10	1,785	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	0	200	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	0	50	0
Master's degree	235	10	230	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	30	0	30	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	42,240	670	40,675	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	22,265	345	21,415	150
Education	1,215	0	1,195	0
13. Education	1,215	0	1,195	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	530	10	505	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	10	115	0
50. Visual and performing arts	400	0	385	0
Humanities	575	20	530	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	10	330	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	10	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	0	35	0
54. History	30	0	35	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	0	95	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,085	10	1,065	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	0	105	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	0	495	0
22. Legal professions and studies	170	0	165	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	35	0	35	0
42. Psychology	140	0	135	0
45. Social sciences	130	0	125	0
Business, management and public administration	3,590	55	3,445	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	0	165	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,430	50	3,285	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	0	245	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	0	90	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	40	0	40	0
40. Physical sciences	55	10	50	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	40	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	20	415	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	15	350	0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	0	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,610	85	6,395	40
04. Architecture and related services	95	0	95	0
14. Engineering	175	0	170	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	910	10	890	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,210	20	2,140	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,825	35	1,755	20
48. Precision production	1,395	20	1,350	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	10	630	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	560	15	540	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	0	90	0
Health and related fields	2,575	40	2,495	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	0	115	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,455	40	2,375	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,435	70	2,320	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	15	1,285	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	335	15	325	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	35	715	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	42,240	665	40,675	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,265	340	21,415	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	19,975	325	19,255	85
Location of study inside Canada	19,690	315	19,075	85
Same as province or territory of residence	19,525	290	18,940	85
Different than province or territory of residence	160	25	135	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	285	10	180	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	10	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	0	0	0	0
France	130	0	135	0
Other	135	0	40	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	42,240	670	40,675	245
In the labour force	27,510	425	26,495	150
Employed	25,495	390	24,575	125
Unemployed	2,015	40	1,925	25
Not in the labour force	14,730	240	14,180	85
Participation rate	65.1	63.4	65.1	61.2
Employment rate	60.4	58.2	60.4	51.0
Unemployment rate	7.3	9.4	7.3	16.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	42,240	665	40,670	240
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	14,135	200	13,630	90
Worked	28,100	470	27,040	150
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	12,815	240	12,275	80
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	15,280	230	14,765	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.2	42.0	45.2
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	29,060	470	27,970	160
a.Management	2,420	55	2,325	20
00 Senior management occupations	360	10	340	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	330	0	320	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	830	25	780	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	905	15	880	10
b.Professional	2,255	25	2,185	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	435	0	415	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	255	0	245	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	350	10	340	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	135	0	135	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	675	0	655	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	250	0	250	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	160	0	150	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,690	45	2,590	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	590	15	565	10
32 Technical occupations in health	550	10	540	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,060	10	1,030	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	140	10	125	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	350	10	335	0
d.Administration and administrative support	3,185	55	3,060	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,475	20	1,425	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	215	0	215	0
14 Office support occupations	820	10	790	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	665	20	625	10
e.Sales	2,885	40	2,780	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	390	10	370	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,210	25	1,175	10
66 Sales support occupations	1,285	0	1,235	15
f.Personal and customer information services	5,065	105	4,825	45
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	580	10	555	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	460	0	455	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,065	15	1,015	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,215	40	1,135	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,745	40	1,670	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,335	45	4,215	20
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,820	20	2,765	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,515	25	1,450	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,535	70	3,415	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	625	20	600	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,125	45	2,050	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	780	10	765	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	655	10	630	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	40	0	45	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	330	10	320	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	280	10	270	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,035	25	1,945	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	255	0	245	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	615	0	585	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	460	10	450	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	715	10	670	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	29,060	470	27,975	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,095	10	1,075	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	1,005	0	990	0
113 Forestry and logging	50	0	45	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	40	0	40	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	0	75	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	55	0	55	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	15	0	20	0
22 Utilities	145	0	140	0
221 Utilities	140	0	145	0
23 Construction	3,845	40	3,750	15
236 Construction of buildings	1,070	10	1,040	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	340	0	335	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,435	30	2,375	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,880	70	3,710	20
311 Food manufacturing	775	10	740	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	70	0	70	0
313 Textile mills	20	0	15	0
314 Textile product mills	20	0	20	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	45	0	45	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	225	0	215	0
322 Paper manufacturing	110	0	110	0
323 Printing and related support activities	170	10	150	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	0	15	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	95	0	90	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	350	10	335	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	220	0	215	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	90	0	85	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	470	10	455	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	315	0	305	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	25	0	25	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	70	0	65	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	335	10	315	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	300	10	280	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	155	0	145	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,125	20	1,080	20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	30	0	30	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	220	0	215	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	115	0	110	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	80	0	80	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	210	10	205	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	265	10	250	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	170	10	155	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	30	0	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,940	55	3,800	25
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	600	0	600	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	190	0	190	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	85	10	75	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	460	0	445	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,185	0	1,165	10
446 Health and personal care stores	350	10	335	0
447 Gasoline stations	135	0	130	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	285	10	265	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	100	0	95	0
452 General merchandise stores	265	0	250	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	205	15	190	0
454 Non-store retailers	80	0	75	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,745	55	1,655	20
481 Air transportation	25	0	30	0
482 Rail transportation	40	0	35	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	780	25	740	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	405	10	390	10
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	10	0
488 Support activities for transportation	245	10	230	0
491 Postal service	135	10	120	0
492 Couriers and messengers	65	10	60	0
493 Warehousing and storage	40	0	45	0
51 Information and cultural industries	255	15	225	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	60	0	55	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	45	10	20	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	0	10	0
517 Telecommunications	120	0	120	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	25	0	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	495	15	475	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	305	15	290	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	10	0	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	175	0	175	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	325	10	300	10
531 Real estate	195	10	175	0
532 Rental and leasing services	130	0	120	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	0	995	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	0	995	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,500	40	1,420	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,240	40	1,170	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	255	0	255	0
61 Educational services	1,305	10	1,275	0
611 Educational services	1,305	0	1,280	0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,375	35	3,275	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	630	10	605	0
622 Hospitals	1,165	20	1,135	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	600	15	580	0
624 Social assistance	980	0	965	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	410	10	395	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	105	0	100	0
712 Heritage institutions	25	0	20	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	275	0	275	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,720	35	1,635	20
721 Accommodation services	160	10	155	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,560	30	1,480	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,650	30	1,590	15
811 Repair and maintenance	865	15	835	0
812 Personal and laundry services	500	10	480	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	215	0	215	0
814 Private households	65	10	55	0
91 Public administration	1,140	30	1,090	10
911 Federal government public administration	245	0	230	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	265	15	250	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	625	10	610	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	25,490	390	24,575	130
Worked at home	1,915	40	1,825	10
Worked outside Canada	20	0	15	0
No fixed workplace address	4,075	70	3,930	20
Worked at usual place	19,480	275	18,800	95
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	29,060	470	27,970	155
English	515	95	365	0
French	27,710	315	26,950	105
Non-official language	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	0	10	0
English and French	780	60	625	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	29,060	470	27,975	160
None	24,110	230	23,470	115
English	4,480	165	4,190	35
French	325	70	220	0
Non-official language	100	0	65	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	100	0	65	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	0	35	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,480	280	18,800	95
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,500	35	3,380	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,100	25	2,050	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,865	215	13,355	70
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	20	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	23,560	350	22,730	115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,410	320	20,685	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	925	0	875	20
Public transit	235	10	210	0
Walked	750	15	725	10
Bicycle	80	0	85	0
Other method	155	0	150	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	23,565	350	22,725	115
Less than 15 minutes	4,640	55	4,515	10
15 to 29 minutes	5,490	65	5,335	20
30 to 44 minutes	5,800	85	5,610	35
45 to 59 minutes	3,695	95	3,505	20
60 minutes and over	3,935	60	3,760	25
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	23,560	350	22,730	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,985	70	3,825	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,865	65	4,710	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,425	60	5,270	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,105	35	3,020	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,430	35	1,350	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,750	90	4,545	40
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	51,275	715	49,530	310
Non-movers	45,695	615	44,185	290
Movers	5,580	105	5,345	15
Non-migrants	1,820	10	1,785	0
Migrants	3,765	95	3,560	15
Internal migrants	3,735	95	3,540	15
Intraprovincial migrants	3,665	80	3,480	15
Interprovincial migrants	75	10	55	0
External migrants	25	0	15	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	48,445	705	46,740	285
Non-movers	31,155	480	30,115	220
Movers	17,285	225	16,625	65
Non-migrants	5,715	35	5,595	15
Migrants	11,570	190	11,035	50
Internal migrants	11,475	190	11,010	45
Intraprovincial migrants	11,400	175	10,950	40
Interprovincial migrants	75	15	55	0
External migrants	90	0	25	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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