Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Les Moulins

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	156,690	5,550	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	370	6,570
0 to 14 years	31,935	975	30,460	395	110	1,170
0 to 4 years	9,925	340	9,330	155	100	420
5 to 9 years	11,730	335	11,295	90	10	385
10 to 14 years	10,280	295	9,835	150	0	370
15 to 64 years	106,530	4,030	100,830	1,540	135	4,800
15 to 19 years	9,980	260	9,570	145	0	335
20 to 24 years	9,435	280	8,985	165	0	365
25 to 29 years	8,385	345	7,945	90	10	385
30 to 34 years	9,790	410	9,205	165	15	490
35 to 39 years	12,340	515	11,560	250	10	640
40 to 44 years	11,980	560	11,160	245	20	680
45 to 49 years	11,365	505	10,685	180	0	590
50 to 54 years	12,610	500	11,970	140	10	570
55 to 59 years	11,505	390	11,000	80	35	430
60 to 64 years	9,135	275	8,760	80	20	315
65 years and over	18,225	545	17,430	115	135	605
65 to 69 years	7,455	265	7,150	25	15	275
70 to 74 years	5,430	155	5,220	45	15	175
75 to 79 years	2,950	55	2,825	20	50	65
80 to 84 years	1,600	45	1,530	10	20	45
85 years and over	795	30	710	10	35	40
85 to 89 years	580	25	520	10	20	30
90 to 94 years	175	0	160	0	0	10
95 to 99 years	35	0	20	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	10	0	0	0
Average age	37.7	38.3	37.7	34.7	45.5	not applicable ...
Median age	38.6	39.9	38.6	36.8	56.2	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	124,750	4,570	118,260	1,655	260	5,400
Married or living common law	77,375	3,010	73,140	1,110	115	3,570
Married	42,410	2,140	39,170	985	110	2,635
Living common law	34,960	870	33,970	125	0	930
Not married and not living common law	47,375	1,560	45,120	545	155	1,830
Never married	34,495	1,070	32,925	450	60	1,295
Separated	1,650	70	1,530	25	15	85
Divorced	7,100	245	6,785	60	10	280
Widowed	4,125	165	3,885	10	65	170
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	124,755	4,570	118,265	1,655	260	5,400
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	119,490	4,375	113,310	1,545	260	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,156	44,761	45,299	40,513	16,735	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,618	38,686	38,741	35,073	13,168	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	119,530	4,380	113,345	1,545	255	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,902	36,344	37,011	34,160	15,039	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,738	34,103	33,805	31,076	13,168	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	109,435	3,920	103,925	1,470	120	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,636	43,563	42,716	36,364	20,426	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,298	36,914	35,361	29,926	10,595	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,080	3,195	82,460	1,185	235	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,380	7,890	8,410	7,664	8,007	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,515	5,068	6,623	3,779	6,090	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,755	3,560	89,750	1,345	110	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,942	43,457	43,031	37,363	21,375	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,814	39,017	36,849	31,962	11,274	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.5	87.1	86.5	85.7	56.3	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.4	78.9	75.2	80.0	51.6	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.5	12.9	13.5	14.5	43.2	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	124,755	4,575	118,265	1,655	265	5,400
Without total income	5,260	195	4,955	105	10	250
With total income	119,490	4,375	113,310	1,545	260	5,150
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.6	95.8	93.4	98.1	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,640	470	11,890	180	95	565
$10,000 to $19,999	17,970	675	16,955	220	120	785
$20,000 to $29,999	15,840	570	15,000	255	15	700
$30,000 to $39,999	15,380	560	14,585	230	10	675
$40,000 to $49,999	15,070	550	14,375	140	10	620
$50,000 to $59,999	12,215	445	11,580	175	15	530
$60,000 to $69,999	8,545	335	8,080	130	0	395
$70,000 to $79,999	7,210	255	6,860	80	10	300
$80,000 to $89,999	4,680	160	4,455	60	0	190
$90,000 to $99,999	3,030	110	2,895	20	0	125
$100,000 and over	6,920	230	6,630	60	0	265
$100,000 to $149,999	5,235	175	5,015	50	0	205
$150,000 and over	1,680	60	1,615	10	0	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	124,750	4,575	118,260	1,655	265	5,400
Without after-tax income	5,225	190	4,920	110	10	245
With after-tax income	119,530	4,380	113,345	1,545	260	5,155
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.7	95.8	93.4	98.1	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,185	510	12,395	185	95	600
$10,000 to $19,999	19,115	685	18,055	260	110	815
$20,000 to $29,999	19,840	700	18,840	290	10	845
$30,000 to $39,999	21,005	845	19,915	235	15	960
$40,000 to $49,999	17,270	600	16,410	240	20	720
$50,000 to $59,999	11,920	460	11,285	175	0	550
$60,000 to $69,999	7,780	275	7,430	70	0	310
$70,000 to $79,999	4,060	140	3,865	55	0	170
$80,000 and over	5,350	170	5,155	30	0	185
$80,000 to $89,999	2,210	70	2,120	20	0	80
$90,000 to $99,999	985	25	965	0	0	25
$100,000 and over	2,150	75	2,065	10	0	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	124,750	4,570	118,260	1,655	265	5,400
Without employment income	29,995	1,015	28,515	310	155	1,170
With employment income	94,755	3,560	89,745	1,345	105	4,230
Percentage with employment income	76.0	77.9	75.9	81.3	39.6	78.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,050	325	9,570	125	too unreliable to be published F	390
$5,000 to $9,999	6,240	205	5,915	100	too unreliable to be published F	255
$10,000 to $19,999	12,795	490	12,060	225	too unreliable to be published F	600
$20,000 to $29,999	10,365	435	9,735	185	too unreliable to be published F	530
$30,000 to $39,999	11,655	385	11,105	165	too unreliable to be published F	460
$40,000 to $49,999	10,540	435	9,960	140	too unreliable to be published F	505
$50,000 to $59,999	8,775	365	8,275	125	too unreliable to be published F	430
$60,000 to $69,999	6,795	300	6,380	100	too unreliable to be published F	350
$70,000 to $79,999	6,020	200	5,730	90	too unreliable to be published F	245
$80,000 and over	11,525	415	11,010	100	too unreliable to be published F	465
$80,000 to $89,999	3,685	150	3,495	40	too unreliable to be published F	170
$90,000 to $99,999	2,510	70	2,425	15	too unreliable to be published F	80
$100,000 and over	5,335	195	5,095	45	too unreliable to be published F	220
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	124,755	4,575	118,265	1,655	265	5,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	43,765	1,780	41,275	670	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,833	50,422	50,952	45,600	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	56,650	56,538	56,785	49,412	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	156,690	5,550	148,725	2,050	375	6,575
English only	735	735	0	0	0	735
French only	89,190	0	89,190	0	0	0
English and French	66,365	4,805	59,515	2,045	0	5,830
Neither English nor French	400	10	15	0	375	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,055	370	6,570
English	4,355	3,765	595	0	0	3,765
French	143,960	1,140	142,825	0	0	1,140
Non-official language	3,700	155	1,865	1,310	375	810
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,695	145	1,865	1,305	370	800
English and French	1,330	270	560	495	0	520
English and non-official language	195	185	10	0	0	190
French and non-official language	2,640	10	2,630	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	505	25	240	245	0	145
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	156,690	5,550	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
None	138,920	2,490	134,935	1,150	350	3,060
English	8,565	745	7,715	95	10	790
French	3,460	1,335	1,525	590	10	1,630
Non-official language	4,770	705	3,995	65	10	735
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,765	700	3,995	65	10	730
English and French	165	0	15	150	0	75
English and non-official language	540	30	510	0	0	25
French and non-official language	275	255	25	0	0	250
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
English	3,720	3,620	100	0	0	3,620
French	139,365	15	139,345	0	0	15
Non-official language	10,810	1,470	7,370	1,595	375	2,270
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,800	1,465	7,365	1,595	370	2,265
English and French	1,250	200	645	410	0	405
English and non-official language	145	145	0	0	0	145
French and non-official language	1,180	0	1,180	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	220	100	75	50	0	120
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	156,690	5,550	148,720	2,050	370	6,570
Official languages	156,295	5,545	148,710	2,045	0	6,565
English	67,100	5,540	59,515	2,045	0	6,565
French	155,560	4,805	148,705	2,045	0	5,830
Non-official languages	19,530	2,440	15,020	1,700	370	3,290
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,515	2,435	15,010	1,700	375	3,285
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,755	90	1,655	15	0	95
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,615	70	1,530	15	0	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	735	45	675	10	0	50
Métis	860	20	835	10	0	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	50	10	45	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	85	10	75	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	154,940	5,460	147,070	2,035	370	6,480
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	495	55	445	0	0	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	156,195	5,495	148,280	2,050	375	6,515
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	370	6,570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,540	20	1,520	0	0	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,475	25	1,450	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,195	15	1,175	0	0	15
Métis single ancestry	245	10	240	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	40	10	35	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	70	0	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	0	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	4,215	115	4,075	25	0	125
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	4,100	110	3,970	20	0	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,635	90	3,520	20	0	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	430	20	405	0	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	0	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	115	0	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	0	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	150,930	5,410	143,125	2,025	375	6,425
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	156,690	5,550	148,720	2,050	370	6,570
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	154,310	5,305	146,900	1,880	230	6,240
Canadian citizens only	150,875	5,045	144,215	1,405	210	5,750
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,440	260	2,685	470	20	495
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	2,375	245	1,820	170	145	330
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,055	375	6,570
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	144,075	4,625	138,520	780	145	5,015
Immigrants^Footnote 42	12,380	880	10,025	1,265	215	1,515
Before 1981	2,410	360	1,860	160	30	440
1981 to 1990	1,655	80	1,360	190	25	175
1991 to 2000	2,645	180	2,215	235	10	295
2001 to 2010	4,445	150	3,635	595	70	445
2001 to 2005	2,360	50	1,930	335	40	220
2006 to 2010	2,090	95	1,705	260	25	225
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,230	110	960	85	75	150
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	230	40	170	10	10	45
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	12,385	880	10,030	1,265	215	1,510
Under 5 years	1,690	145	1,420	120	0	205
5 to 14 years	2,435	235	1,905	290	0	380
15 to 24 years	2,420	170	1,995	235	20	285
25 to 44 years	5,225	305	4,265	595	50	605
45 years and over	620	20	440	20	135	35
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	12,385	880	10,025	1,265	215	1,510
Americas	5,610	265	4,725	495	125	515
Brazil	30	0	15	10	0	10
Colombia	300	15	220	50	10	45
El Salvador	220	20	135	55	0	45
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	3,425	15	3,235	110	70	70
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	15
Mexico	175	10	135	30	0	20
Peru	260	0	185	65	10	35
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	325	130	180	10	0	140
Other places of birth in Americas	855	50	605	165	30	135
Europe	2,935	370	2,195	355	15	550
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	990	0	985	0	0	0
Germany	85	30	35	20	0	40
Greece	15	10	0	10	0	0
Hungary	20	0	10	10	0	10
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	625	165	370	80	10	205
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	80	15	35	20	0	30
Portugal	315	60	250	10	0	65
Romania	275	15	145	110	0	70
Russian Federation	75	10	35	30	0	20
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	0	35	10	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	35	30	0	0	0	35
Other places of birth in Europe	355	35	275	50	0	60
Africa	2,610	50	2,340	215	10	160
Algeria	870	0	780	95	0	45
Egypt	50	0	40	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	705	10	625	65	0	40
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	965	30	895	40	0	50
Asia	1,220	185	760	205	75	285
Afghanistan	25	10	15	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	300	35	195	50	20	60
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	0	0	15
Iran^Footnote 53	45	0	20	20	0	20
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	35	10	20	0	0	10
Lebanon	220	25	170	30	0	35
Pakistan	15	10	0	10	0	0
Philippines	15	15	0	0	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	30	0	10	10	10	10
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	150	20	105	15	20	30
Other places of birth in Asia	335	25	215	60	25	55
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,225	110	955	85	80	150
Americas	720	40	590	40	45	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	85	0	70	0	10	0
Cuba	30	0	30	0	0	10
Haiti	425	10	400	10	15	10
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	15
Mexico	30	0	15	15	0	10
United States^Footnote 58	45	10	30	0	0	10
Venezuela^Footnote 59	15	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	0	50	10	15	10
Europe	105	15	90	0	0	15
France	70	0	65	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	20	0	0	0
Africa	270	10	230	25	0	20
Algeria	45	0	45	0	0	0
Cameroon	35	0	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	0	25	10	0	10
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	0	85	15	0	10
Asia	130	45	45	15	25	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	35	10	0	10	10	15
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	15	0	10	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,055	370	6,570
First generation^Footnote 71	12,825	930	10,390	1,280	225	1,570
Second generation^Footnote 72	14,085	1,980	11,520	490	90	2,230
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	129,780	2,635	126,815	280	55	2,775
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	10,140	525	8,310	1,115	190	1,085
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	4,560	150	3,820	570	15	435
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	2,025	70	1,710	245	10	190
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	2,525	80	2,110	330	10	245
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	3,855	310	3,125	300	125	455
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,610	65	1,265	240	40	185
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	115	0	100	10	10	10
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	375	6,570
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	15,500	640	13,585	1,005	270	1,140
South Asian^Footnote 83	130	35	70	25	0	50
Chinese	455	75	280	65	35	105
Black	9,280	235	8,745	225	75	345
Filipino	45	30	10	10	0	35
Latin American	2,420	100	1,835	395	90	300
Arab	2,065	30	1,845	165	25	115
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	685	70	485	80	50	110
West Asian^Footnote 85	110	10	55	50	0	35
Korean	85	20	65	10	0	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	95	10	85	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	145	30	115	0	0	30
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	141,190	4,910	135,135	1,045	105	5,430
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	156,690	5,545	148,720	2,050	370	6,575
North American Aboriginal origins	5,760	135	5,595	25	0	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,010	110	4,880	25	0	125
Inuit	85	10	80	0	0	10
Métis	840	25	820	0	0	25
Other North American origins	108,880	1,530	107,055	285	15	1,670
Acadian	640	25	620	0	0	20
American	705	85	605	10	0	90
Canadian	103,775	1,415	102,105	245	10	1,535
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	4,915	80	4,790	40	0	100
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	54,345	4,225	49,050	975	95	4,710
British Isles origins	11,610	1,385	10,110	100	10	1,435
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,475	675	1,760	30	10	685
Irish	8,000	700	7,260	45	0	720
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,505	460	2,010	35	0	475
Welsh	20	20	0	0	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	285	90	170	25	0	105
French origins	34,525	660	33,755	115	0	715
Alsatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	265	0	265	0	0	0
Corsican	20	0	20	0	0	0
French	34,315	655	33,540	115	0	715
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,655	340	3,205	115	0	395
Austrian	125	15	115	0	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,050	35	1,005	10	0	40
Dutch	250	60	185	10	0	65
Flemish	45	0	35	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,020	215	1,725	85	0	255
Luxembourger	25	0	20	0	0	0
Swiss	260	35	215	10	0	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	335	95	240	0	0	95
Danish	35	20	20	0	0	15
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	145	60	85	0	0	60
Swedish	85	15	65	0	0	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	70	0	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,640	335	2,010	285	10	475
Bulgarian	90	0	75	20	0	10
Byelorussian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	65	10	60	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	40	20	25	0	0	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	280	35	200	50	0	55
Latvian	25	10	15	10	0	10
Lithuanian	50	15	35	0	0	15
Moldovan	90	10	55	20	0	20
Polish	910	130	720	60	0	155
Romanian	450	25	305	120	0	85
Russian	330	40	225	55	10	70
Slovak	80	20	55	0	0	25
Ukrainian	565	110	430	25	10	120
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	12,120	2,510	8,980	550	80	2,785
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	0	45	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	475	90	345	10	30	95
Italian	8,895	2,140	6,305	375	75	2,325
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,555	245	1,240	65	0	280
Serbian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	95	40	60	0	0	40
Slovenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,565	80	1,315	135	30	150
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	75	0	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	275	25	245	0	0	30
Basque	80	0	80	0	0	0
Jewish	85	25	55	0	0	25
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	105	0	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	7,600	210	7,090	230	75	320
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	30	0	0	0	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	285	15	250	20	0	25
Dominican	240	10	225	15	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	6,975	95	6,635	175	75	185
Jamaican	70	35	20	25	0	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	15	0	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	10	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	30	15	15	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	35	15	25	0	0	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,950	175	2,270	405	95	380
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	105	10	95	0	0	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	130	30	75	20	0	40
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	10	30	10	0	15
Chilean	170	15	150	10	0	20
Colombian	415	25	310	70	15	65
Costa Rican	25	0	10	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	280	45	165	55	20	65
Guyanese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	25	0	25	0	0	0
Honduran	175	0	135	15	25	10
Maya	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mexican	340	15	265	45	20	35
Nicaraguan	15	0	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	0	15	15	0	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	450	0	370	65	10	35
Salvadorean	560	0	455	70	15	45
Uruguayan	115	15	100	0	0	10
Venezuelan	140	0	100	30	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	115	20	65	35	0	40
African origins	5,190	85	4,865	225	15	195
Central and West African origins	1,075	25	1,035	15	0	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	55	0	55	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	190	0	190	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	425	0	425	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	55	20	35	0	0	20
Guinean	120	0	125	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	80	0	80	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	35	0	30	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Peulh	30	0	30	0	0	0
Senegalese	135	0	130	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	45	0	30	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	15	0	15	0	0	0
North African origins	2,740	10	2,555	165	15	90
Algerian	880	0	830	50	0	25
Berber	635	0	595	40	0	20
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	130	0	125	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,025	10	955	45	15	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	175	0	150	25	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	80	0	85	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	350	0	350	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	90	0	95	0	0	0
Burundian	85	0	85	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mauritian	75	0	75	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	60	0	60	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,120	60	1,015	45	10	85
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	1,120	60	1,005	45	0	80
Asian origins	3,040	390	2,215	340	100	560
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,415	110	1,120	170	20	195
Afghan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	415	0	360	45	0	25
Armenian	55	15	30	10	0	20
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	0	30	30	0	20
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	95	10	50	35	0	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	530	65	440	30	0	75
Palestinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	160	10	135	10	0	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	70	0	45	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	165	60	70	30	0	75
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	130	40	65	25	0	55
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	10	0	0	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,465	225	1,025	130	85	290
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	215	40	130	30	10	55
Chinese	665	100	445	80	45	135
Filipino	60	45	15	0	0	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	15	55	0	0	20
Laotian	250	0	225	0	25	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	325	40	240	30	10	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	10	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	20	0	10	10	0	0
Oceania origins	45	20	25	0	0	20
Australian	45	15	25	0	0	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	124,750	4,575	118,265	1,655	260	5,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,130	805	22,915	210	205	905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	29,560	1,320	27,835	385	25	1,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	71,065	2,450	67,510	1,065	35	2,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,520	810	26,470	240	10	930
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	19,495	585	18,715	185	10	685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	8,030	215	7,755	55	0	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,340	845	21,160	325	10	1,010
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,610	125	4,435	50	0	150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,595	665	15,450	450	25	890
Bachelor's degree	12,205	530	11,345	320	15	690
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,530	20	1,450	60	0	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	390	20	350	20	0	25
Master's degree	2,220	85	2,105	25	0	100
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	250	10	210	30	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	124,755	4,575	118,260	1,655	265	5,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	53,690	2,125	50,750	590	230	2,420
Education	4,605	140	4,390	65	10	170
13. Education	4,605	135	4,395	65	10	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,525	125	2,385	20	0	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	615	20	595	0	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	1,905	105	1,785	15	0	110
Humanities	2,665	105	2,485	75	0	140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	345	35	295	15	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	80	20	55	0	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,635	35	1,560	35	0	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	0	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	0	140	10	0	0
54. History	160	0	155	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	255	0	240	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,720	290	5,345	80	15	330
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	575	10	555	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,675	45	1,615	15	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	1,090	30	1,035	15	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	125	0	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	960	65	890	0	0	70
45. Social sciences	1,270	140	1,090	35	10	155
Business, management and public administration	16,295	595	15,400	300	0	740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	775	15	755	0	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,495	580	14,620	295	0	725
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,755	65	1,665	30	0	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	555	25	525	0	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	260	0	255	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	425	0	410	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	400	20	365	15	0	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	10	105	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,715	140	2,500	75	0	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,395	120	2,200	70	0	155
25. Library science	180	10	175	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	10	120	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,695	515	16,975	200	10	615
04. Architecture and related services	390	15	370	0	0	20
14. Engineering	1,555	30	1,425	95	0	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,185	110	3,045	30	0	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,525	160	5,340	25	0	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,310	140	4,155	25	0	150
48. Precision production	2,735	65	2,645	25	0	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	705	30	675	0	0	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	495	20	480	10	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	210	10	195	10	0	0
Health and related fields	9,270	210	8,960	90	10	260
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	30	480	0	0	35
51. Health professions and related programs	8,705	175	8,445	80	0	215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	0	30	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,110	250	6,740	120	0	310
12. Personal and culinary services	3,415	155	3,185	80	0	195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	2,210	45	2,150	15	0	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,465	45	1,390	30	0	60
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	124,750	4,575	118,265	1,655	260	5,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,690	2,125	50,750	590	225	2,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	71,060	2,450	67,510	1,065	35	2,980
Location of study inside Canada	68,250	2,240	65,340	670	0	2,575
Same as province or territory of residence	67,545	2,115	64,765	660	0	2,450
Different than province or territory of residence	705	125	575	10	0	125
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,815	210	2,175	395	35	405
United States^Footnote 130	245	65	165	15	0	75
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	10	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	25	15	0	0	0	20
China^Footnote 132	90	20	10	40	20	40
France	480	0	475	10	0	0
Other	1,955	95	1,515	330	15	255
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	124,755	4,575	118,265	1,655	260	not applicable ...
In the labour force	89,365	3,395	84,510	1,370	90	not applicable ...
Employed	84,230	3,190	79,700	1,250	85	not applicable ...
Unemployed	5,135	200	4,810	120	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	35,390	1,180	33,750	285	170	not applicable ...
Participation rate	71.6	74.2	71.5	82.8	34.6	not applicable ...
Employment rate	67.5	69.7	67.4	75.5	32.7	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.9	5.7	8.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	124,750	4,570	118,265	1,655	265	5,400
Did not work^Footnote 135	33,620	1,110	31,995	350	165	1,290
Worked	91,135	3,465	86,270	1,300	100	4,115
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	44,630	1,820	42,075	695	40	2,165
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	46,510	1,645	44,195	615	55	1,950
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.5	43.7	43.6	33.7	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	93,525	3,540	88,515	1,360	110	4,220
a.Management	9,490	435	8,920	135	0	505
00 Senior management occupations	1,710	65	1,635	10	0	70
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,870	130	2,700	40	0	150
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,200	180	2,945	70	0	215
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,710	60	1,635	15	0	70
b.Professional	13,140	500	12,410	225	10	615
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,855	145	2,635	70	10	175
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,115	80	1,985	45	0	105
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,785	35	1,740	15	0	40
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	955	50	895	10	10	50
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,210	95	3,055	60	0	125
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,620	50	1,565	0	0	50
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	605	55	535	20	0	65
c.Technical and paraprofessional	11,705	360	11,215	130	0	425
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,635	95	2,510	35	0	115
32 Technical occupations in health	2,020	35	1,965	15	0	45
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	3,730	105	3,580	50	0	130
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,455	45	1,405	0	0	45
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,865	75	1,765	20	0	90
d.Administration and administrative support	12,710	570	11,945	175	15	660
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	5,900	205	5,635	60	0	240
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,070	40	1,005	25	0	50
14 Office support occupations	3,370	200	3,100	70	0	235
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,370	120	2,205	25	10	135
e.Sales	10,000	390	9,460	145	10	455
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,840	110	1,705	20	0	125
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	4,140	145	3,945	50	10	170
66 Sales support occupations	4,020	130	3,815	70	0	160
f.Personal and customer information services	14,730	550	13,850	270	70	685
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,815	40	1,745	30	0	55
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,375	45	1,315	10	0	55
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,470	110	2,285	65	20	140
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,480	175	4,160	125	15	240
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,595	175	4,340	50	25	200
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	10,030	320	9,610	95	0	370
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	6,490	190	6,240	60	0	220
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,535	135	3,370	40	0	150
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,630	235	6,280	105	0	290
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,580	65	1,480	20	10	80
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,730	130	3,520	75	0	170
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,320	40	1,280	0	0	40
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	835	50	785	0	0	50
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	160	20	140	0	0	20
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	150	0	150	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	530	25	500	10	0	30
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,250	135	4,040	80	0	175
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	665	15	635	10	0	25
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,450	50	1,370	35	0	65
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,155	30	1,110	15	0	35
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	975	35	925	15	0	40
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	93,520	3,545	88,515	1,360	105	4,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	400	10	395	0	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	325	0	325	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	35	0	40	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	35	0	35	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	10	155	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	115	0	115	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	35	0	40	0	0	0
22 Utilities	680	10	670	0	0	10
221 Utilities	680	10	670	10	0	10
23 Construction	9,240	270	8,930	45	0	290
236 Construction of buildings	2,585	80	2,500	10	0	80
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	780	25	745	10	0	30
238 Specialty trade contractors	5,875	170	5,685	30	0	180
31-33 Manufacturing	10,365	535	9,645	165	25	610
311 Food manufacturing	1,340	70	1,245	20	10	75
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	260	10	240	0	10	10
313 Textile mills	40	10	40	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	65	15	50	0	0	15
315 Clothing manufacturing	145	10	120	10	0	20
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	40	10	30	0	0	10
321 Wood product manufacturing	435	15	420	0	0	15
322 Paper manufacturing	355	20	335	0	0	20
323 Printing and related support activities	720	15	700	10	0	20
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	85	10	80	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	565	40	525	0	0	40
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	635	25	570	40	0	40
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	375	10	355	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	260	0	250	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,070	80	990	10	0	75
333 Machinery manufacturing	620	20	590	0	0	25
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	245	0	230	15	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	280	10	265	10	0	15
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,405	75	1,320	15	0	85
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	760	45	710	0	0	50
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	655	45	585	20	0	60
41 Wholesale trade	4,390	210	4,105	80	0	245
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	30	0	25	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	105	10	100	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	985	30	935	20	0	40
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	740	50	675	20	0	60
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	310	10	290	0	0	15
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	820	35	775	10	0	40
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	745	35	710	10	0	35
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	460	30	420	0	0	35
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	200	15	185	0	0	15
44-45 Retail trade	12,795	405	12,180	200	10	510
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,990	70	1,890	25	0	85
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	455	15	440	10	0	15
443 Electronics and appliance stores	385	20	340	25	0	30
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,005	20	975	10	0	20
445 Food and beverage stores	3,370	65	3,235	75	0	100
446 Health and personal care stores	1,270	50	1,220	0	0	50
447 Gasoline stations	250	15	230	10	0	20
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,365	55	1,295	15	0	60
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	420	15	395	0	0	15
452 General merchandise stores	1,315	45	1,245	25	0	55
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	705	40	660	0	0	40
454 Non-store retailers	265	10	250	10	0	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,530	235	4,155	145	0	300
481 Air transportation	190	20	150	25	0	30
482 Rail transportation	165	20	140	0	0	20
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,220	50	1,140	35	0	65
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,380	25	1,310	40	0	45
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	10	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	575	55	505	20	0	60
491 Postal service	515	40	465	10	0	40
492 Couriers and messengers	330	20	295	15	0	25
493 Warehousing and storage	135	10	115	0	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,685	75	1,565	40	0	100
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	245	25	215	0	0	25
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	255	20	235	0	0	20
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	155	0	145	10	0	10
517 Telecommunications	870	35	810	25	0	50
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	0	15	0	0	0
519 Other information services	155	0	150	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,510	205	3,240	70	0	240
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,880	120	1,705	55	0	150
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	285	20	260	0	0	25
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,325	55	1,260	10	0	60
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	25	10	20	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,330	70	1,240	15	0	75
531 Real estate	975	55	910	15	0	55
532 Rental and leasing services	345	20	325	10	0	15
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,155	240	4,825	90	0	285
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,155	245	4,825	85	0	290
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	15	50	10	0	15
551 Management of companies and enterprises	70	15	55	0	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,075	190	3,800	80	10	230
561 Administrative and support services	3,620	195	3,350	75	0	230
562 Waste management and remediation services	455	0	450	10	0	0
61 Educational services	6,010	215	5,715	80	0	255
611 Educational services	6,010	215	5,715	80	0	255
62 Health care and social assistance	12,545	275	12,110	135	20	345
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,750	70	2,655	15	0	80
622 Hospitals	4,620	90	4,460	65	0	125
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,165	20	2,120	15	10	25
624 Social assistance	3,015	95	2,875	40	10	115
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,825	65	1,750	10	0	75
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	600	35	560	0	0	40
712 Heritage institutions	30	0	25	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,195	25	1,155	15	0	35
72 Accommodation and food services	4,780	185	4,470	95	25	240
721 Accommodation services	260	20	225	0	10	20
722 Food services and drinking places	4,520	170	4,240	95	15	220
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,310	170	4,075	45	20	195
811 Repair and maintenance	1,780	65	1,695	15	10	65
812 Personal and laundry services	1,445	75	1,340	30	10	90
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	955	25	925	0	0	25
814 Private households	125	10	120	0	0	0
91 Public administration	5,670	165	5,440	65	0	200
911 Federal government public administration	1,210	65	1,130	10	0	65
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,310	25	1,250	35	0	40
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	3,135	75	3,050	15	0	80
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	84,235	3,195	79,705	1,250	85	3,820
Worked at home	5,020	220	4,730	60	10	250
Worked outside Canada	80	0	70	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,855	405	9,310	125	15	465
Worked at usual place	69,275	2,570	65,595	1,065	55	3,095
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	93,520	3,540	88,515	1,355	105	4,220
English	3,640	1,110	2,345	160	30	1,190
French	84,825	1,775	82,215	790	40	2,175
Non-official language	130	25	70	10	30	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	130	20	65	10	30	30
English and French	4,670	590	3,710	365	0	770
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	105	15	80	10	0	20
English, French and non-official language	135	15	100	20	0	25
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	93,520	3,545	88,515	1,355	105	4,215
None	66,870	1,405	64,645	730	85	1,775
English	23,010	1,240	21,400	375	0	1,425
French	2,840	770	1,925	120	15	835
Non-official language	475	75	330	65	0	105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	75	330	65	10	105
English and French	15	10	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	255	25	175	60	0	55
French and non-official language	45	20	25	10	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	69,275	2,565	65,595	1,060	55	3,100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,875	365	14,360	150	0	440
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,150	150	5,970	20	0	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	48,165	2,045	45,175	890	50	2,490
Commute to a different province or territory	90	0	85	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	79,130	2,970	74,905	1,185	70	3,565
Car, truck, van - as a driver	69,250	2,480	65,755	980	35	2,965
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,565	160	2,335	60	10	190
Public transit	4,895	240	4,515	125	20	300
Walked	1,580	55	1,515	10	0	55
Bicycle	285	10	280	0	0	10
Other method	560	40	500	10	10	45
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	79,135	2,970	74,905	1,185	70	3,560
Less than 15 minutes	13,005	315	12,565	115	10	370
15 to 29 minutes	22,575	710	21,575	295	10	855
30 to 44 minutes	21,265	755	20,165	335	10	925
45 to 59 minutes	10,535	480	9,910	140	10	550
60 minutes and over	11,750	705	10,690	305	40	860
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	79,130	2,970	74,905	1,190	70	3,565
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	11,420	325	10,970	120	0	390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	17,685	705	16,695	270	10	840
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,520	715	17,540	265	0	850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,430	460	10,830	140	0	530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,775	360	6,285	130	10	420
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	13,305	405	12,590	265	55	535
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	154,885	5,485	147,065	2,000	335	6,485
Non-movers	140,715	4,945	133,665	1,815	285	5,850
Movers	14,170	545	13,400	185	50	635
Non-migrants	6,660	170	6,405	75	10	205
Migrants	7,510	375	6,995	105	40	425
Internal migrants	7,365	345	6,910	100	10	395
Intraprovincial migrants	7,255	325	6,830	100	10	370
Interprovincial migrants	105	20	80	0	0	20
External migrants	145	30	80	10	35	30
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	146,765	5,205	139,390	1,900	275	6,155
Non-movers	97,130	3,220	92,705	1,040	160	3,745
Movers	49,635	1,985	46,680	855	115	2,410
Non-migrants	21,445	700	20,500	215	35	805
Migrants	28,190	1,285	26,185	640	80	1,605
Internal migrants	27,365	1,170	25,590	590	15	1,470
Intraprovincial migrants	27,085	1,110	25,380	580	15	1,400
Interprovincial migrants	280	65	210	10	0	70
External migrants	820	115	595	50	65	135

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Les Moulins

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.