Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Dollard-Des Ormeaux, V

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,550	985	34,390
0 to 14 years	7,975	4,925	1,755	1,105	195	5,475
0 to 4 years	2,205	1,445	395	175	190	1,535
5 to 9 years	2,715	1,650	640	410	0	1,855
10 to 14 years	3,060	1,830	720	515	0	2,090
15 to 64 years	31,580	21,240	6,240	3,815	290	23,145
15 to 19 years	3,420	2,215	610	590	0	2,515
20 to 24 years	3,515	2,345	635	535	0	2,610
25 to 29 years	2,590	1,765	495	320	10	1,925
30 to 34 years	2,340	1,615	425	300	10	1,760
35 to 39 years	2,750	1,795	540	390	30	1,990
40 to 44 years	2,890	1,905	580	380	25	2,095
45 to 49 years	3,315	2,260	695	325	30	2,425
50 to 54 years	3,780	2,530	865	350	40	2,705
55 to 59 years	3,635	2,485	755	330	65	2,655
60 to 64 years	3,340	2,315	645	295	80	2,465
65 years and over	8,715	5,450	2,130	635	500	5,770
65 to 69 years	3,205	2,170	700	240	90	2,290
70 to 74 years	2,215	1,335	575	230	80	1,450
75 to 79 years	1,635	1,005	430	110	95	1,060
80 to 84 years	1,000	605	255	50	85	630
85 years and over	655	330	175	10	145	335
85 to 89 years	475	265	110	10	95	270
90 to 94 years	150	55	60	0	35	50
95 to 99 years	25	15	0	0	0	15
100 years and over	10	0	0	0	10	0
Average age	41.3	41.4	42.7	35.8	55.8	not applicable ...
Median age	42.7	43.2	45.2	33.8	65.4	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	40,295	26,685	8,375	4,445	790	28,910
Married or living common law	23,625	15,680	4,945	2,500	505	16,930
Married	21,670	14,535	4,250	2,395	490	15,735
Living common law	1,960	1,150	690	105	15	1,200
Not married and not living common law	16,675	11,000	3,430	1,950	290	11,975
Never married	11,690	7,830	2,175	1,670	10	8,670
Separated	590	400	130	55	0	430
Divorced	2,450	1,605	685	130	40	1,665
Widowed	1,935	1,165	440	95	240	1,210
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	40,300	26,690	8,370	4,445	790	28,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,165	25,325	7,980	4,095	770	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,042	46,348	52,611	37,043	15,681	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,005	32,615	36,454	27,148	15,281	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,175	25,330	7,985	4,095	765	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,868	37,040	41,406	31,035	15,137	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,757	29,400	32,298	25,287	15,092	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,130	22,795	7,265	3,735	335	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,619	44,936	50,242	34,608	12,840	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,734	30,277	32,780	23,176	7,232	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,105	19,125	5,990	3,255	740	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,058	7,819	9,164	6,878	10,473	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,627	5,258	7,837	3,377	12,335	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,895	18,835	5,750	3,135	175	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,364	44,222	50,304	35,745	19,181	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,240	30,235	33,831	26,213	16,309	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.7	87.2	86.9	85.3	35.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	70.4	71.0	68.9	74.0	28.8	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.3	12.7	13.1	14.8	64.2	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	40,300	26,685	8,375	4,450	790	28,910
Without total income	2,135	1,360	395	355	20	1,535
With total income	38,165	25,325	7,980	4,090	770	27,370
Percentage with total income	94.7	94.9	95.3	91.9	97.5	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,690	3,785	930	760	215	4,165
$10,000 to $19,999	7,095	4,450	1,380	870	395	4,885
$20,000 to $29,999	5,350	3,580	1,105	565	100	3,865
$30,000 to $39,999	4,515	3,070	865	525	45	3,330
$40,000 to $49,999	3,805	2,610	820	380	0	2,795
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	1,920	655	260	0	2,055
$60,000 to $69,999	2,010	1,420	425	155	0	1,495
$70,000 to $79,999	1,610	1,070	385	155	0	1,145
$80,000 to $89,999	1,230	730	375	120	0	790
$90,000 to $99,999	805	525	210	75	0	560
$100,000 and over	3,220	2,160	830	225	0	2,275
$100,000 to $149,999	1,905	1,260	460	185	0	1,350
$150,000 and over	1,310	905	370	40	0	920
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	40,300	26,685	8,370	4,450	790	28,910
Without after-tax income	2,120	1,360	390	355	25	1,535
With after-tax income	38,170	25,325	7,985	4,095	765	27,375
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	94.9	95.4	92.0	96.8	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,865	3,920	965	765	220	4,305
$10,000 to $19,999	7,455	4,685	1,475	915	385	5,140
$20,000 to $29,999	6,435	4,335	1,300	695	105	4,680
$30,000 to $39,999	5,525	3,765	1,110	605	40	4,070
$40,000 to $49,999	4,330	2,970	965	385	0	3,160
$50,000 to $59,999	2,595	1,750	595	235	15	1,870
$60,000 to $69,999	1,935	1,210	530	200	0	1,305
$70,000 to $79,999	1,165	760	310	95	0	810
$80,000 and over	2,865	1,940	730	195	0	2,040
$80,000 to $89,999	775	500	175	95	0	550
$90,000 to $99,999	535	370	130	40	0	390
$100,000 and over	1,560	1,070	425	55	0	1,100
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	40,300	26,685	8,375	4,450	790	28,910
Without employment income	12,405	7,850	2,625	1,315	620	8,505
With employment income	27,890	18,835	5,745	3,135	175	20,400
Percentage with employment income	69.2	70.6	68.6	70.4	22.2	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,985	2,585	890	480	too unreliable to be published F	2,825
$5,000 to $9,999	2,270	1,540	420	290	too unreliable to be published F	1,690
$10,000 to $19,999	4,110	2,740	745	570	too unreliable to be published F	3,025
$20,000 to $29,999	3,465	2,460	570	390	too unreliable to be published F	2,660
$30,000 to $39,999	3,180	2,190	605	375	too unreliable to be published F	2,380
$40,000 to $49,999	2,465	1,750	445	265	too unreliable to be published F	1,885
$50,000 to $59,999	1,835	1,225	425	190	too unreliable to be published F	1,320
$60,000 to $69,999	1,450	985	320	135	too unreliable to be published F	1,055
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	790	310	115	too unreliable to be published F	850
$80,000 and over	3,910	2,560	1,015	335	too unreliable to be published F	2,730
$80,000 to $89,999	860	505	245	100	too unreliable to be published F	560
$90,000 to $99,999	590	390	135	60	too unreliable to be published F	425
$100,000 and over	2,465	1,660	640	165	too unreliable to be published F	1,745
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	40,300	26,685	8,370	4,445	790	28,910
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	13,090	9,040	2,650	1,350	45	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	49,085	48,557	57,443	42,163	23,735	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	65,196	64,644	73,420	53,936	28,829	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
English only	12,315	12,315	0	0	0	12,315
French only	2,305	0	2,300	0	0	0
English and French	32,645	19,270	7,825	5,550	0	22,040
Neither English nor French	1,010	25	0	0	985	30
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
English	26,695	25,035	1,650	0	0	25,040
French	6,450	190	6,260	0	0	190
Non-official language	10,015	3,705	895	4,430	985	5,920
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,020	3,705	900	4,430	985	5,920
English and French	1,090	225	280	580	0	515
English and non-official language	2,305	2,285	15	0	0	2,290
French and non-official language	835	10	825	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	885	150	195	540	0	415
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	48,275	31,610	10,125	5,550	985	34,385
None	32,100	22,775	5,780	2,620	925	24,085
English	4,720	1,640	1,825	1,240	20	2,260
French	4,245	2,380	1,165	690	10	2,725
Non-official language	5,390	4,185	965	210	25	4,290
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,390	4,185	965	205	25	4,290
English and French	860	60	50	750	0	435
English and non-official language	360	50	295	15	0	60
French and non-official language	585	520	55	10	0	520
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	20	0	10
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
English	19,485	19,475	15	0	0	19,470
French	7,295	40	7,255	0	0	35
Non-official language	18,295	10,340	2,075	4,895	985	12,785
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,290	10,335	2,075	4,895	985	12,780
English and French	950	435	90	430	0	650
English and non-official language	1,160	1,155	0	0	0	1,160
French and non-official language	690	20	665	0	0	20
English, French and non-official language	405	145	30	230	0	260
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,545	985	34,385
Official languages	47,265	31,580	10,130	5,550	0	34,360
English	44,960	31,580	7,825	5,550	0	34,355
French	34,950	19,270	10,130	5,545	0	22,045
Non-official languages	25,845	14,815	4,795	5,250	985	17,440
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,835	14,810	4,790	5,250	985	17,435
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	100	70	30	0	0	70
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	75	60	15	10	0	60
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	45	40	0	0	0	45
Métis	15	0	10	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	15	10	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	48,175	31,545	10,105	5,545	985	34,315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,550	985	34,390
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	30	20	15	0	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	48,245	31,590	10,120	5,550	985	34,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	405	235	160	10	0	240
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	395	235	145	10	0	240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	330	185	135	10	0	195
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	30	10	0	0	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	47,865	31,375	9,970	5,540	985	34,140
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,545	985	34,385
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	45,255	29,855	9,615	5,135	650	32,425
Canadian citizens only	40,725	27,825	8,450	3,890	555	29,770
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	4,530	2,025	1,165	1,240	90	2,650
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	3,020	1,755	515	415	340	1,960
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,545	985	34,385
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	28,775	20,345	6,290	1,960	170	21,330
Immigrants^Footnote 42	19,135	10,985	3,805	3,555	785	12,765
Before 1981	6,490	4,305	1,325	740	120	4,675
1981 to 1990	3,330	1,870	710	650	95	2,200
1991 to 2000	3,960	2,380	610	750	210	2,760
2001 to 2010	3,750	1,710	740	1,110	185	2,265
2001 to 2005	1,905	895	335	585	90	1,185
2006 to 2010	1,850	820	405	525	100	1,085
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,600	710	415	300	175	865
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	365	275	30	35	30	295
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	19,130	10,990	3,810	3,555	785	12,765
Under 5 years	1,710	960	445	290	15	1,105
5 to 14 years	3,070	1,535	690	835	10	1,955
15 to 24 years	4,560	2,955	785	795	25	3,350
25 to 44 years	8,225	4,810	1,620	1,530	270	5,575
45 years and over	1,565	730	270	105	460	780
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	19,130	10,985	3,810	3,555	785	12,765
Americas	2,820	1,595	715	465	50	1,825
Brazil	55	40	0	15	0	45
Colombia	155	15	80	50	10	40
El Salvador	65	30	20	20	0	40
Guyana	215	220	0	0	0	215
Haiti	440	15	385	20	20	25
Jamaica	295	290	0	0	0	295
Mexico	110	20	25	70	0	55
Peru	215	15	75	120	10	80
Trinidad and Tobago	245	245	0	0	0	245
United States^Footnote 47	395	345	20	30	0	360
Other places of birth in Americas	630	355	115	135	20	425
Europe	4,305	2,545	615	975	170	3,035
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	60	50	10	0	0	55
France	240	30	200	10	0	35
Germany	225	190	15	25	0	200
Greece	515	355	15	95	50	405
Hungary	140	135	10	0	0	135
Ireland^Footnote 48	25	25	0	0	0	25
Italy	680	430	85	135	40	495
Netherlands	50	50	0	0	0	50
Poland	350	215	50	80	10	255
Portugal	125	90	15	25	0	100
Romania	565	115	90	330	25	280
Russian Federation	255	130	35	65	25	165
Serbia^Footnote 49	20	15	10	0	0	15
Ukraine	160	70	15	55	20	100
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	375	360	0	0	0	370
Other places of birth in Europe	510	275	75	155	10	355
Africa	2,835	785	1,610	430	10	1,000
Algeria	205	10	175	20	0	15
Egypt	1,140	400	485	245	10	525
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	60	50	0	10	0	50
Morocco	580	25	505	45	0	50
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	15
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	20
Other places of birth in Africa	800	270	430	100	0	315
Asia	9,150	6,055	865	1,685	555	6,900
Afghanistan	90	45	10	35	0	60
Bangladesh	60	40	0	10	10	45
China^Footnote 51	675	390	40	145	100	460
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	175	150	0	20	10	155
India	1,780	1,390	0	210	175	1,500
Iran^Footnote 53	410	180	40	170	20	265
Iraq	170	85	35	40	10	105
Japan	20	20	0	0	0	25
Korea, South^Footnote 54	65	40	10	20	0	50
Lebanon	990	305	355	305	20	460
Pakistan	490	405	10	55	15	440
Philippines	1,440	1,365	10	55	15	1,390
Sri Lanka	760	600	30	55	80	630
Syria^Footnote 55	355	115	90	125	25	180
Taiwan	55	20	10	20	10	35
Viet Nam	245	80	60	85	20	115
Other places of birth in Asia	1,370	815	180	325	40	985
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,605	710	415	305	175	865
Americas	215	90	95	20	15	100
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	0	40	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	45	0	30	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	70	70	0	0	0	70
Venezuela^Footnote 59	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	15	25	10	0	20
Europe	240	45	60	110	25	105
France	25	0	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	100	0	25	70	10	35
Russian Federation	25	10	0	0	15	10
Ukraine	10	10	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	25	10	40	0	40
Africa	335	60	210	55	10	90
Algeria	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	0	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	40	0	40	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	105	40	15	50	10	65
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	0	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	10	70	0	0	15
Asia	810	515	50	120	130	570
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	100	20	0	15	60	25
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	170	125	0	10	35	135
Iran^Footnote 65	35	25	0	10	0	25
Iraq	20	10	10	10	0	10
Israel	25	15	0	10	0	20
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	35	15	20	0	50
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	55	0	0	0	55
Philippines	165	150	0	15	0	160
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	25	0	0	10	20
Syria^Footnote 67	50	10	10	10	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	30	0	15	10	35
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,545	985	34,385
First generation^Footnote 71	19,755	11,435	3,875	3,625	825	13,245
Second generation^Footnote 72	14,860	10,155	2,795	1,755	155	11,035
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	13,655	10,020	3,465	170	0	10,105
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	12,955	6,850	2,560	2,875	675	8,285
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	6,715	3,245	1,535	1,810	125	4,150
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	2,865	1,565	585	675	35	1,905
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	3,850	1,675	945	1,135	95	2,245
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	4,230	2,570	685	560	410	2,855
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,855	950	330	460	110	1,180
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	165	90	20	30	20	105
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	48,275	31,610	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	18,735	11,450	3,245	3,325	715	13,115
South Asian^Footnote 83	5,385	3,855	210	965	350	4,340
Chinese	1,715	1,050	165	355	150	1,225
Black	3,295	2,095	1,100	80	20	2,135
Filipino	2,245	2,095	10	130	10	2,155
Latin American	990	200	335	415	35	410
Arab	3,250	1,080	1,145	915	105	1,535
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	535	205	145	150	30	285
West Asian^Footnote 85	575	285	40	245	10	405
Korean	70	50	10	10	0	55
Japanese	45	35	0	10	0	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	215	165	45	0	0	165
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	420	335	35	45	0	360
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	29,540	20,155	6,890	2,225	275	21,270
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	48,275	31,615	10,130	5,550	985	34,385
North American Aboriginal origins	410	235	160	10	0	245
First Nations (North American Indian)	345	190	145	10	0	195
Inuit	25	15	10	0	0	15
Métis	55	35	20	0	0	35
Other North American origins	8,855	5,735	2,890	230	0	5,850
Acadian	110	65	40	0	0	65
American	405	345	60	0	0	345
Canadian	8,330	5,385	2,725	215	10	5,495
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	190	75	105	15	0	85
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	23,735	17,830	4,025	1,665	210	18,660
British Isles origins	6,875	6,130	615	130	0	6,195
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,010	2,875	105	35	0	2,890
Irish	3,135	2,645	400	90	0	2,690
Manx	15	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,695	2,460	215	25	0	2,475
Welsh	175	165	10	0	0	165
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	790	775	20	0	0	775
French origins	4,165	1,845	2,180	140	0	1,910
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	20	10	10	0	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,150	1,840	2,170	135	0	1,905
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,255	1,840	355	60	10	1,870
Austrian	385	345	35	10	0	350
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	175	95	75	10	0	100
Dutch	250	225	20	0	10	225
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,445	1,170	240	40	0	1,190
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	150	105	30	10	0	110
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	290	260	15	20	0	270
Danish	100	105	0	0	0	100
Finnish	55	45	0	0	0	45
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	30	0	10	0	35
Swedish	80	65	0	10	0	70
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	30	25	0	0	0	25
Eastern European origins	8,120	6,680	510	850	75	7,110
Bulgarian	115	75	20	20	0	90
Byelorussian	35	35	0	0	0	40
Czech	165	155	0	10	0	155
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	85	85	0	0	0	85
Estonian	20	20	0	0	0	20
Hungarian	725	650	45	30	10	660
Latvian	75	75	0	0	0	75
Lithuanian	245	235	0	10	0	235
Moldovan	15	0	0	15	0	15
Polish	3,640	3,305	140	180	10	3,395
Romanian	1,860	1,240	180	410	30	1,445
Russian	2,970	2,665	100	175	30	2,755
Slovak	115	80	15	20	0	90
Ukrainian	845	670	55	100	15	720
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	210	210	0	0	0	210
Southern European origins	7,755	5,870	1,095	665	130	6,200
Albanian	70	30	10	20	10	40
Bosnian	20	20	0	10	0	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	200	140	55	10	0	145
Cypriot	20	20	0	0	0	15
Greek	2,065	1,610	190	195	70	1,705
Italian	3,880	3,010	555	275	45	3,145
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Maltese	25	25	0	0	0	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	660	550	60	45	0	575
Serbian	105	60	40	10	0	65
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovenian	95	65	0	25	0	75
Spanish	1,175	725	300	145	0	800
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	30	25	10	0	0	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,595	1,225	260	90	10	1,270
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	1,430	1,075	260	80	15	1,115
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	160	155	0	10	0	155
Caribbean origins	2,375	1,600	715	40	15	1,620
Antiguan	20	25	0	0	0	25
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	295	295	0	0	0	295
Bermudan	15	10	0	0	0	15
Carib	25	20	0	0	0	25
Cuban	65	45	20	0	0	45
Dominican	60	35	30	0	0	35
Grenadian	50	55	0	0	0	50
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	805	90	665	35	15	110
Jamaican	500	490	15	0	0	485
Kittitian/Nevisian	35	30	0	0	0	30
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	40	0	0	0	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	380	380	0	0	0	380
Vincentian/Grenadinian	150	150	0	0	0	145
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	210	210	0	0	0	205
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	80	80	0	0	0	80
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,515	640	330	490	50	885
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	35	10	25	0	50
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	120	70	10	25	10	90
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	0	10	10	0	0
Brazilian	105	60	25	20	0	70
Chilean	140	0	70	55	15	30
Colombian	160	35	60	65	10	65
Costa Rican	45	15	10	25	0	30
Ecuadorian	25	10	15	0	0	10
Guatemalan	50	25	10	15	0	35
Guyanese	235	230	10	0	0	230
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	175	50	40	85	0	95
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	225	30	60	130	10	95
Salvadorean	75	30	20	20	10	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	85	50	0	30	0	65
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	35	30	0	0	0	30
African origins	5,015	1,960	2,510	490	55	2,205
Central and West African origins	575	170	370	30	0	185
Akan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	95	0	90	0	0	0
Chadian	40	0	35	0	0	0
Congolese	145	25	115	0	0	25
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	145	125	0	20	10	135
Guinean	45	0	45	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	30	0	0	0	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	60	0	60	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	3,685	1,275	1,950	405	50	1,480
Algerian	240	45	185	10	0	50
Berber	125	0	105	15	0	10
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	1,505	645	580	250	25	775
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	10
Maure	15	0	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,610	540	985	75	15	575
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	255	65	130	60	0	100
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	265	125	110	40	0	135
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	15	0	15	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	10	0	20	0	20
Ethiopian	15	20	0	0	0	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	50	45	0	10	0	50
Malagasy	15	0	10	10	0	0
Mauritian	70	0	65	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	25	25	0	0	0	25
Somali	15	0	15	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	525	415	90	25	0	425
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	75	70	0	0	0	70
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	455	340	90	25	0	355
Asian origins	17,080	10,790	2,440	3,145	705	12,360
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,635	3,190	1,745	1,535	160	3,960
Afghan	110	55	0	45	0	80
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	400	170	145	75	15	205
Armenian	1,040	590	110	315	25	745
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	20	0	15	0	30
Georgian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	650	320	70	235	20	440
Iraqi	280	120	55	95	15	165
Israeli	605	460	80	60	0	485
Jordanian	140	100	0	35	0	115
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	45	25	0	25	0	35
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	2,265	765	1,020	440	40	985
Palestinian	450	275	40	125	10	335
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	805	290	295	185	30	390
Tajik	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	40	25	0	10	0	30
Turk	355	200	80	70	0	235
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	15	0	10	0	20
Yemeni	20	20	0	0	0	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	85	45	25	15	0	55
South Asian origins	5,680	4,095	310	935	340	4,565
Bangladeshi	65	35	15	15	0	45
Bengali	20	10	0	0	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	3,680	2,715	175	595	190	3,015
Goan	25	20	0	10	0	30
Gujarati	110	85	10	10	10	90
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	670	515	45	90	20	560
Punjabi	200	135	0	40	25	155
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	1,065	705	90	190	80	800
Tamil	225	140	30	45	10	165
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	40	35	0	0	0	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,850	3,585	385	685	190	3,930
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	65	15	25	20	10	25
Chinese	1,945	1,185	235	380	145	1,375
Filipino	2,355	2,190	20	135	10	2,255
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	35	0	10	0	45
Japanese	55	40	0	10	0	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	50	10	20	0	60
Laotian	35	10	25	10	0	15
Malaysian	20	15	0	0	0	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	20	0	10	0	25
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	420	135	125	140	30	205
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	30	0	15	10	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	55	30	0	15	10	40
Oceania origins	25	25	0	0	0	25
Australian	15	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	40,300	26,685	8,375	4,450	795	28,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,365	3,235	1,025	625	480	3,545
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	10,080	7,180	1,710	1,020	170	7,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,850	16,265	5,640	2,800	140	17,675
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,815	1,795	715	285	15	1,935
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	1,965	1,240	500	215	10	1,350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	845	555	215	70	0	590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,020	5,440	1,720	815	45	5,845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,495	820	510	145	10	895
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,530	8,215	2,690	1,560	65	8,995
Bachelor's degree	8,500	5,690	1,750	1,010	45	6,200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,195	750	290	150	10	820
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	225	60	40	0	240
Master's degree	2,100	1,315	490	285	10	1,455
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	410	240	100	70	0	275
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	40,300	26,685	8,375	4,445	790	28,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	15,445	10,420	2,735	1,645	650	11,240
Education	1,370	930	355	75	10	970
13. Education	1,375	935	355	75	10	970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	875	665	125	80	10	705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	95	15	0	0	100
50. Visual and performing arts	765	570	110	80	10	605
Humanities	1,450	890	395	160	15	970
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	135	80	25	10	145
23. English language and literature/letters	265	185	50	30	0	195
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	500	335	125	35	0	355
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	15	10	0	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	75	20	10	0	80
54. History	120	90	20	15	0	95
55. French language and literature/letters	155	35	85	40	0	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,700	2,660	625	405	20	2,860
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	255	175	45	35	0	195
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	425	290	95	30	0	305
22. Legal professions and studies	455	240	160	50	10	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	50	35	10	0	0	40
42. Psychology	545	430	70	40	0	450
45. Social sciences	1,955	1,475	240	235	0	1,595
Business, management and public administration	6,440	4,230	1,570	600	40	4,535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	135	45	30	0	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,220	4,085	1,520	575	40	4,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,460	925	350	180	10	1,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	455	300	80	75	0	340
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	505	325	115	65	0	355
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	60	20	40	10	0	20
40. Physical sciences	420	270	110	35	0	290
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,200	785	260	150	10	855
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	940	610	210	115	0	665
25. Library science	70	40	20	10	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	100	25	25	0	115
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	35	35	0	0	0	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,240	2,565	930	710	35	2,920
04. Architecture and related services	155	85	40	30	0	105
14. Engineering	2,045	1,145	420	460	15	1,380
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	730	490	175	60	0	520
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	300	175	95	20	10	190
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	750	490	145	105	10	545
48. Precision production	260	175	45	35	0	190
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	80	40	20	0	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	90	55	30	10	0	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	15	0	0	35
Health and related fields	3,055	1,990	730	320	15	2,150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	115	30	0	0	115
51. Health professions and related programs	2,855	1,845	685	310	10	1,995
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	35	15	10	0	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	915	550	255	105	10	605
12. Personal and culinary services	540	335	135	70	10	370
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	145	85	50	10	0	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	130	65	25	0	140
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	40,300	26,685	8,375	4,445	790	28,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,445	10,420	2,730	1,645	650	11,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	24,855	16,270	5,640	2,805	140	17,670
Location of study inside Canada	18,815	12,570	4,575	1,655	0	13,400
Same as province or territory of residence	17,670	11,675	4,380	1,605	10	12,480
Different than province or territory of residence	1,140	895	195	50	0	925
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	6,035	3,695	1,065	1,145	130	4,270
United States^Footnote 130	480	375	60	40	0	400
Philippines	680	655	0	15	10	665
India	595	545	0	40	10	565
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	300	280	20	10	0	280
China^Footnote 132	255	175	15	30	35	185
France	200	25	140	35	0	45
Other	3,535	1,640	835	975	80	2,130
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	40,300	26,690	8,370	4,450	790	not applicable ...
In the labour force	25,850	17,485	5,255	2,960	145	not applicable ...
Employed	24,010	16,245	4,900	2,750	110	not applicable ...
Unemployed	1,840	1,245	350	210	35	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	14,450	9,200	3,120	1,485	645	not applicable ...
Participation rate	64.1	65.5	62.8	66.5	18.4	not applicable ...
Employment rate	59.6	60.9	58.5	61.8	13.9	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.1	6.7	7.1	24.1	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	40,295	26,685	8,370	4,445	790	28,910
Did not work^Footnote 135	13,480	8,595	2,865	1,385	635	9,285
Worked	26,815	18,090	5,505	3,065	160	19,625
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	13,510	9,295	2,755	1,410	45	10,000
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	13,310	8,795	2,750	1,650	115	9,620
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.2	42.5	41.7	35.4	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	27,615	18,645	5,640	3,165	170	20,225
a.Management	3,870	2,675	800	390	0	2,870
00 Senior management occupations	700	480	135	85	0	520
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,320	910	330	70	0	950
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,285	895	200	190	0	995
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	565	385	135	40	10	405
b.Professional	5,465	3,550	1,270	640	0	3,870
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,275	855	300	120	0	915
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,545	960	335	250	0	1,090
30 Professional occupations in nursing	445	305	95	40	0	325
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	480	295	110	65	0	335
40 Professional occupations in education services	880	555	235	80	0	600
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	600	435	115	50	0	455
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	245	140	85	20	0	145
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,720	1,760	655	305	0	1,905
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	820	460	230	130	0	520
32 Technical occupations in health	445	295	115	35	10	315
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	635	385	190	65	0	415
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	50	20	20	10	0	25
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	770	600	100	70	0	640
d.Administration and administrative support	4,005	2,750	845	400	10	2,955
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,770	1,245	395	125	10	1,305
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	340	250	65	30	0	260
14 Office support occupations	1,360	880	270	200	10	980
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	540	385	115	40	0	405
e.Sales	3,700	2,450	765	470	15	2,685
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	840	575	190	70	10	610
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,800	1,265	330	215	0	1,365
66 Sales support occupations	1,055	615	245	185	10	710
f.Personal and customer information services	4,470	3,060	820	530	65	3,330
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	355	230	75	45	0	250
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	390	265	80	30	20	280
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	835	605	110	105	15	660
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,555	985	365	190	0	1,085
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,345	980	190	155	20	1,060
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	855	575	130	140	10	645
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	470	310	70	85	0	350
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	390	265	65	55	0	290
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,150	770	200	160	10	850
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	325	280	35	10	0	285
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	720	440	135	135	10	510
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	105	45	40	20	0	55
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	140	125	0	10	0	130
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	25	25	0	0	0	25
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	25	20	0	0	10	20
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	95	80	0	10	0	85
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,230	925	145	125	45	985
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	95	60	25	10	0	65
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	370	300	40	15	15	305
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	385	295	40	40	10	320
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	380	270	40	55	20	295
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	27,610	18,640	5,635	3,165	165	20,225
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	25	0	0	0	25
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	30	15	0	0	10	15
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	20	10	0	0	25
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	10	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	15	10	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	0	0	15
22 Utilities	55	20	20	10	0	25
221 Utilities	55	25	20	10	10	25
23 Construction	660	405	145	100	10	455
236 Construction of buildings	290	170	65	45	0	190
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	50	25	15	10	0	25
238 Specialty trade contractors	320	205	60	50	0	230
31-33 Manufacturing	3,130	2,175	560	365	30	2,360
311 Food manufacturing	250	160	65	20	10	175
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	20	15	0	0	0	15
313 Textile mills	65	65	10	0	0	60
314 Textile product mills	50	30	20	0	0	30
315 Clothing manufacturing	170	130	20	20	10	135
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	30	30	0	10	0	30
321 Wood product manufacturing	35	20	10	10	0	20
322 Paper manufacturing	125	105	20	0	0	110
323 Printing and related support activities	130	105	20	0	0	105
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	255	140	90	25	0	155
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	205	135	30	30	10	150
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	25	15	10	0	0	15
331 Primary metal manufacturing	35	25	0	10	0	25
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	245	190	15	40	0	205
333 Machinery manufacturing	220	135	55	25	10	150
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	270	170	45	45	0	195
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	180	140	40	0	0	145
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	515	340	70	105	0	390
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	100	70	10	20	0	75
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	190	155	25	10	0	160
41 Wholesale trade	2,325	1,700	465	145	15	1,775
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0	0	15
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	255	190	40	15	10	195
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	785	595	130	60	10	625
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	80	60	25	0	0	60
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	170	120	40	15	0	125
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	650	455	155	35	10	475
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	250	195	45	15	0	195
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	105	75	30	10	0	75
44-45 Retail trade	3,755	2,425	750	575	10	2,715
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	280	195	45	35	0	220
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	135	75	35	30	0	90
443 Electronics and appliance stores	230	120	75	40	0	140
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	130	100	15	15	0	105
445 Food and beverage stores	635	395	105	130	0	460
446 Health and personal care stores	465	265	130	70	0	305
447 Gasoline stations	40	25	20	0	0	25
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	825	545	155	115	10	605
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	165	140	20	10	0	145
452 General merchandise stores	460	275	100	80	0	320
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	260	195	30	35	0	215
454 Non-store retailers	125	95	20	10	0	105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,740	1,175	330	230	15	1,285
481 Air transportation	280	195	65	20	0	210
482 Rail transportation	80	60	10	10	0	65
483 Water transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	460	315	55	85	10	355
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	205	80	75	55	0	105
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	325	225	65	35	0	245
491 Postal service	45	15	20	0	0	20
492 Couriers and messengers	185	155	15	15	0	165
493 Warehousing and storage	155	120	30	10	0	125
51 Information and cultural industries	785	545	180	60	0	575
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	245	210	30	0	0	215
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	70	45	15	10	0	50
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	30	25	0	0	0	30
517 Telecommunications	370	215	110	45	0	235
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	20	10	10	0	0	10
519 Other information services	55	40	15	0	0	40
52 Finance and insurance	1,255	705	370	180	0	795
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	755	395	245	120	0	450
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	200	135	45	20	0	150
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	290	170	80	45	0	195
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	635	435	140	55	10	460
531 Real estate	545	375	125	40	10	395
532 Rental and leasing services	85	55	15	15	0	65
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,960	2,030	625	300	0	2,175
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,960	2,025	620	300	10	2,175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	100	80	10	10	0	85
551 Management of companies and enterprises	100	80	15	10	0	80
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,145	780	195	160	10	865
561 Administrative and support services	1,135	770	195	160	10	850
562 Waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	1,920	1,330	435	150	0	1,405
611 Educational services	1,920	1,330	435	145	0	1,405
62 Health care and social assistance	2,810	1,870	620	305	20	2,020
621 Ambulatory health care services	885	620	170	90	0	670
622 Hospitals	945	630	200	110	0	685
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	360	225	100	35	0	240
624 Social assistance	620	395	150	70	15	425
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	590	460	85	45	0	485
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	140	105	30	0	0	110
712 Heritage institutions	0	0	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	450	350	55	40	0	370
72 Accommodation and food services	2,040	1,440	255	310	35	1,590
721 Accommodation services	265	200	35	30	0	210
722 Food services and drinking places	1,780	1,240	220	285	40	1,380
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,010	720	200	75	10	760
811 Repair and maintenance	295	195	55	45	0	220
812 Personal and laundry services	350	280	45	25	0	295
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	265	175	75	15	0	185
814 Private households	90	65	20	0	10	65
91 Public administration	630	310	240	80	0	345
911 Federal government public administration	270	160	85	25	0	175
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	100	25	40	35	0	40
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	235	110	105	15	0	120
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	20	10	0	10	0	10
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	24,005	16,245	4,900	2,755	110	17,620
Worked at home	1,835	1,190	460	170	20	1,270
Worked outside Canada	135	80	50	0	0	85
No fixed workplace address	1,745	1,175	335	215	15	1,280
Worked at usual place	20,290	13,800	4,060	2,360	75	14,980
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	27,610	18,645	5,635	3,170	170	20,225
English	15,570	13,255	1,325	915	75	13,715
French	5,650	1,810	2,995	835	10	2,230
Non-official language	215	80	25	30	80	95
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	215	75	25	35	80	95
English and French	5,765	3,240	1,240	1,280	0	3,885
English and non-official language	180	150	0	25	10	165
French and non-official language	25	10	10	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	210	100	30	75	0	140
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	27,615	18,645	5,640	3,165	165	20,225
None	14,500	10,055	2,590	1,725	130	10,915
English	3,830	1,425	1,820	580	10	1,715
French	8,325	6,620	1,100	600	0	6,920
Non-official language	700	425	90	160	25	505
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	705	425	90	160	30	505
English and French	20	0	10	15	0	0
English and non-official language	70	15	15	45	0	40
French and non-official language	170	110	15	45	0	125
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	20,295	13,800	4,060	2,360	75	14,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,110	1,465	380	260	0	1,595
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	16,750	11,480	3,330	1,880	55	12,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,310	775	345	185	10	870
Commute to a different province or territory	120	80	10	30	0	95
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	22,035	14,975	4,395	2,570	90	16,260
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,420	11,340	3,235	1,810	35	12,240
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,055	750	155	125	20	815
Public transit	3,860	2,405	840	590	35	2,700
Walked	460	300	125	30	0	315
Bicycle	70	60	10	0	0	55
Other method	170	125	30	10	0	135
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	22,035	14,980	4,395	2,570	95	16,265
Less than 15 minutes	3,790	2,700	710	375	0	2,885
15 to 29 minutes	7,900	5,450	1,535	880	30	5,890
30 to 44 minutes	5,260	3,550	1,075	600	30	3,850
45 to 59 minutes	2,410	1,655	490	255	10	1,780
60 minutes and over	2,680	1,620	575	465	20	1,855
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	22,035	14,975	4,395	2,570	90	16,265
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	880	645	155	80	10	680
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,145	2,145	595	400	10	2,340
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,575	4,330	1,430	790	25	4,725
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,040	3,455	995	570	10	3,745
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,360	2,265	735	340	25	2,435
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,030	2,140	480	390	15	2,340
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	47,835	31,330	10,065	5,520	925	34,095
Non-movers	44,120	29,045	9,275	5,035	765	31,565
Movers	3,725	2,290	790	480	165	2,530
Non-migrants	2,245	1,410	405	340	85	1,585
Migrants	1,480	875	385	145	75	945
Internal migrants	1,050	585	330	115	15	640
Intraprovincial migrants	930	475	335	110	15	530
Interprovincial migrants	120	115	0	0	10	110
External migrants	425	290	50	30	60	305
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	46,070	30,165	9,735	5,375	800	32,850
Non-movers	34,140	23,105	6,995	3,550	490	24,885
Movers	11,930	7,060	2,740	1,820	310	7,965
Non-migrants	6,540	3,995	1,370	1,070	105	4,530
Migrants	5,385	3,065	1,365	750	200	3,440
Internal migrants	3,740	2,180	1,060	450	50	2,400
Intraprovincial migrants	3,400	1,915	1,000	440	45	2,140
Interprovincial migrants	335	260	60	10	10	265
External migrants	1,650	890	310	300	160	1,040

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Dollard-Des Ormeaux, V

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 2.9%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.