Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Châteauguay, V
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	47,215	12,465	27,610	900
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	47,215	12,470	27,615	900
0 to 14 years	8,465	2,345	4,970	280
0 to 4 years	2,745	715	1,625	125
5 to 9 years	2,920	825	1,730	95
10 to 14 years	2,800	805	1,620	55
15 to 64 years	30,800	8,115	17,570	525
15 to 19 years	2,890	820	1,640	75
20 to 24 years	3,005	945	1,695	55
25 to 29 years	2,470	725	1,360	75
30 to 34 years	2,730	600	1,680	50
35 to 39 years	2,965	650	1,715	50
40 to 44 years	2,935	665	1,555	35
45 to 49 years	3,185	815	1,635	55
50 to 54 years	3,725	1,035	2,060	60
55 to 59 years	3,765	1,040	2,230	30
60 to 64 years	3,130	820	1,990	50
65 years and over	7,945	2,010	5,065	85
65 to 69 years	2,560	610	1,715	25
70 to 74 years	2,060	435	1,430	25
75 to 79 years	1,485	450	855	25
80 to 84 years	1,060	280	625	10
85 years and over	785	240	450	10
85 to 89 years	565	155	330	10
90 to 94 years	185	60	115	0
95 to 99 years	30	20	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.8	40.2	41.4	31.4
Median age	41.8	41.0	42.3	26.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	38,750	10,120	22,640	615
Married or living common law	22,555	5,505	12,975	310
Married	15,510	4,215	7,725	220
Living common law	7,050	1,285	5,250	100
Not married and not living common law	16,190	4,620	9,665	300
Never married	10,875	3,120	6,460	250
Separated	600	185	315	10
Divorced	2,675	810	1,560	20
Widowed	2,040	505	1,330	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	38,745	10,120	22,640	615
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,040	9,580	21,775	580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,463	34,868	41,090	36,544
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,793	29,438	34,892	31,905
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,035	9,575	21,775	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,339	29,614	34,185	31,332
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,396	27,268	30,954	28,940
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,705	8,050	19,665	510
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,792	33,505	37,740	33,904
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,144	27,565	30,532	27,816
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,600	7,495	16,630	470
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,882	8,587	9,172	7,996
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,755	7,508	8,334	4,948
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,340	6,425	15,560	455
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,182	35,925	38,801	32,742
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,295	32,290	33,223	27,770
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	82.2	80.8	82.9	82.3
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	68.8	69.2	67.5	70.1
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	17.8	19.3	17.0	17.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	38,745	10,125	22,635	615
Without total income	1,710	545	860	40
With total income	37,040	9,580	21,775	575
Percentage with total income	95.6	94.6	96.2	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,730	1,545	2,285	100
$10,000 to $19,999	6,625	1,845	3,785	65
$20,000 to $29,999	5,760	1,450	3,365	95
$30,000 to $39,999	5,115	1,260	3,030	100
$40,000 to $49,999	4,685	1,140	2,795	50
$50,000 to $59,999	3,345	865	2,040	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,295	500	1,460	35
$70,000 to $79,999	1,630	430	1,010	35
$80,000 to $89,999	990	210	665	10
$90,000 to $99,999	655	145	445	0
$100,000 and over	1,200	195	895	15
$100,000 to $149,999	950	165	680	10
$150,000 and over	250	35	215	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	38,745	10,120	22,640	615
Without after-tax income	1,710	540	860	40
With after-tax income	37,040	9,580	21,775	580
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	94.7	96.2	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,945	1,595	2,440	105
$10,000 to $19,999	6,960	1,905	4,010	70
$20,000 to $29,999	7,040	1,775	4,130	130
$30,000 to $39,999	6,630	1,630	3,935	80
$40,000 to $49,999	4,990	1,270	2,990	85
$50,000 to $59,999	3,045	735	1,940	60
$60,000 to $69,999	1,645	355	1,070	10
$70,000 to $79,999	840	175	580	20
$80,000 and over	935	140	690	10
$80,000 to $89,999	360	50	255	10
$90,000 to $99,999	220	40	165	0
$100,000 and over	350	50	275	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	38,750	10,120	22,640	615
Without employment income	12,410	3,690	7,075	160
With employment income	26,335	6,430	15,560	455
Percentage with employment income	68.0	63.5	68.7	74.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,510	875	2,080	80
$5,000 to $9,999	1,900	455	1,055	50
$10,000 to $19,999	3,820	930	2,215	50
$20,000 to $29,999	3,170	775	1,825	55
$30,000 to $39,999	3,380	830	1,885	60
$40,000 to $49,999	3,035	760	1,760	40
$50,000 to $59,999	2,280	630	1,315	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,735	360	1,105	35
$70,000 to $79,999	1,310	350	825	20
$80,000 and over	2,195	455	1,500	25
$80,000 to $89,999	750	185	470	10
$90,000 to $99,999	510	115	340	10
$100,000 and over	940	150	690	10
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	38,750	10,125	22,640	615
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	12,035	3,105	6,945	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	47,102	46,526	49,648	47,931
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	52,389	50,695	54,883	53,517
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	47,210	12,465	27,615	900
English only	5,560	4,665	25	15
French only	13,750	0	12,165	20
English and French	27,570	7,790	15,420	855
Neither English nor French	325	10	0	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	47,210	12,465	27,610	900
English	14,035	11,705	1,050	330
French	27,255	385	25,685	150
Non-official language	3,460	35	110	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,460	35	110	35
English and French	895	170	360	295
English and non-official language	415	120	0	0
French and non-official language	930	10	380	15
English, French and non-official language	230	50	30	70
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	47,215	12,470	27,610	895
None	37,790	10,245	23,705	625
English	3,565	300	2,705	65
French	3,470	1,625	665	170
Non-official language	1,740	205	425	10
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,730	205	425	10
English and French	305	0	0	20
English and non-official language	165	0	95	0
French and non-official language	180	75	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	47,210	12,465	27,610	900
English	14,515	12,465	20	335
French	30,280	10	27,590	165
English and French	2,110	0	0	400
Neither English nor French	310	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	15,575	12,465	25	530
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	33.0	100.0	0.1	58.9
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	47,210	12,465	27,610	900
Official languages	46,885	12,455	27,610	895
English	33,135	12,455	15,445	875
French	41,325	7,790	27,585	875
Non-official languages	9,185	855	1,985	190
Aboriginal languages	50	20	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,140	835	1,980	190
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	47,210	12,465	27,615	895
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	1,065	670	330	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	1,020	630	330	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	755	535	175	10
Métis	255	90	140	20
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	35	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	46,140	11,795	27,280	870
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	47,215	12,465	27,615	895
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	600	440	120	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	46,615	12,025	27,490	885
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	47,215	12,470	27,615	900
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	455	190	245	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	450	190	245	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	390	180	190	0
Métis single ancestry	60	10	45	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	1,885	770	1,005	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	1,865	765	995	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,690	705	890	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	65	90	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	20	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	44,880	11,505	26,365	810
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	47,215	12,465	27,610	900
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	45,620	12,250	27,210	890
Canadian citizens only	42,930	11,980	26,595	840
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,685	270	615	45
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	1,595	220	405	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	47,210	12,465	27,610	900
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	39,390	10,935	26,275	840
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	7,590	1,510	1,290	60
Before 1981	1,770	815	210	0
1981 to 1990	825	245	75	10
1991 to 2000	1,410	205	175	20
2001 to 2010	2,715	175	585	25
2001 to 2005	1,215	60	300	15
2006 to 2010	1,500	115	280	10
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	865	75	250	10
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	230	25	45	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	7,590	1,510	1,290	65
Under 5 years	720	145	215	20
5 to 14 years	1,265	240	265	10
15 to 24 years	1,385	415	170	0
25 to 44 years	3,725	670	545	35
45 years and over	490	45	90	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	7,590	1,510	1,290	60
Americas	2,405	1,070	210	10
Brazil	60	10	0	0
Colombia	180	0	10	0
El Salvador	135	0	0	0
Guyana	65	60	0	0
Haiti	290	0	145	0
Jamaica	250	245	10	0
Mexico	160	0	0	0
Peru	100	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	160	160	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	175	125	20	0
Other places of birth in Americas	830	470	25	0
Europe	2,370	250	355	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	0	0
Croatia	20	0	0	0
France	280	10	255	0
Germany	125	15	0	0
Greece	45	0	0	0
Hungary	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	15	20	0	0
Italy	195	15	10	10
Netherlands	35	0	0	0
Poland	170	0	0	0
Portugal	80	0	0	0
Romania	310	0	20	0
Russian Federation	270	0	10	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	225	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	175	170	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	385	15	50	0
Africa	1,710	90	650	30
Algeria	275	0	80	0
Egypt	65	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	0	0
Morocco	405	0	150	0
Nigeria	55	35	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	875	40	410	15
Asia	1,095	95	80	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	75	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 53}	210	0	35	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	10	0	0	0
India	80	30	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	105	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	0	10	0
Pakistan	55	0	0	10
Philippines	95	40	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	300	0	15	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	10	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	865	75	250	10
Americas	255	35	30	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	0	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	25	15	10	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	20	0	0
Europe	205	10	45	0
France	40	0	40	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	25	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0
Africa	290	20	170	10
Algeria	10	0	10	0
Cameroon	80	0	55	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	35	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	10	80	0
Asia	115	15	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	47,210	12,470	27,615	900
First generation^{Footnote 73}	7,915	1,575	1,365	65
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	6,885	3,110	2,240	310
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	32,420	7,780	24,010	525
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	5,895	730	1,085	60
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	3,075	255	685	40
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	1,380	165	305	15
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	1,695	85	380	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	1,585	435	250	15
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	1,125	25	125	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	115	20	20	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	47,210	12,465	27,615	900
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	8,330	2,715	2,175	250
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	715	195	85	20
Chinese	470	65	85	15
Black	3,915	2,090	1,230	105
Filipino	170	85	0	30
Latin American	1,225	60	100	15
Arab	1,165	10	520	25
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	140	0	55	10
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	185	15	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	85	65	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	260	125	80	30
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	38,885	9,755	25,440	650
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	47,215	12,470	27,610	900
North American Aboriginal origins	2,335	960	1,250	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,095	885	1,100	80
Inuit	20	0	20	0
Métis	240	80	145	10
Other North American origins	24,780	4,520	19,755	430
Acadian	260	40	200	15
American	370	185	165	15
Canadian	23,620	4,330	18,815	395
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0
Québécois	1,055	55	975	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,300	8,560	10,255	550
British Isles origins	9,665	6,740	2,545	320
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	3,815	3,155	530	115
Irish	5,380	3,620	1,555	185
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,260	2,430	710	95
Welsh	210	200	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	545	440	85	20
French origins	9,905	2,170	7,420	280
Alsatian	0	0	10	0
Breton	85	0	85	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	9,840	2,165	7,355	280
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,040	1,010	765	65
Austrian	170	120	35	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	35	160	0
Dutch	225	140	45	10
Flemish	20	0	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,370	750	425	45
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	20	115	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	315	225	50	10
Danish	45	25	0	10
Finnish	65	50	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	70	0	0
Swedish	75	50	20	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	65	35	30	0
Eastern European origins	2,925	890	375	70
Bulgarian	130	20	0	0
Byelorussian	80	0	0	0
Czech	35	25	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	25	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	190	95	15	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	25	0	0
Moldovan	55	0	20	0
Polish	815	330	150	15
Romanian	580	80	85	15
Russian	810	165	55	20
Slovak	40	25	0	0
Ukrainian	700	265	65	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,175	1,570	1,320	145
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0
Croatian	95	20	20	0
Cypriot	20	10	0	0
Greek	390	160	55	15
Italian	2,510	1,065	885	75
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	490	205	115	10
Serbian	20	10	10	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0
Spanish	840	210	305	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	270	90	40	10
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	210	60	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	50	20	20	0
Caribbean origins	2,550	1,745	525	95
Antiguan	45	45	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	360	350	0	10
Bermudan	10	10	0	0
Carib	10	10	0	0
Cuban	55	0	25	0
Dominican	100	10	65	0
Grenadian	85	80	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	690	65	440	50
Jamaican	610	555	15	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0
St. Lucian	50	45	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	285	265	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	280	270	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	235	230	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	105	105	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,650	225	315	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	0	15	0
Arawak	15	0	10	0
Argentinian	25	10	10	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	0	10	0
Chilean	65	0	20	0
Colombian	230	0	30	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	190	10	35	0
Guyanese	75	70	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	65	10	0	0
Maya	45	0	0	0
Mexican	295	40	55	0
Nicaraguan	75	15	30	10
Panamanian	35	30	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	220	15	70	0
Salvadorean	195	15	25	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	110	15	15	0
African origins	2,845	525	1,365	60
Central and West African origins	725	145	450	15
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	15	0	0
Beninese	25	0	15	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0
Cameroonian	180	30	125	10
Chadian	10	0	10	0
Congolese	185	10	130	0
Edo	10	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	25	0	0
Guinean	80	0	60	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	0	15	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	65	40	20	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	50	0	40	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	0	15	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	55	20	40	0
North African origins	1,220	50	605	10
Algerian	330	10	165	0
Berber	110	0	60	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	105	20	40	10
Libyan	10	0	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	545	10	270	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	145	10	65	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	440	55	185	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	10	0	0	0
Burundian	60	0	25	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	25	0	0
Malagasy	70	0	55	0
Mauritian	40	0	20	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	145	30	65	0
Seychellois	30	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	10	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	20	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	40	0	10	0
Other African origins	520	275	160	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	70	60	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	445	220	160	20
Asian origins	2,820	600	605	135
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,110	140	315	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	315	10	145	10
Armenian	40	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	200	35	20	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	80	20	10	0
Jordanian	15	15	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	40	0	0	0
Lebanese	200	50	80	0
Palestinian	35	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	0	30	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	0	0
Turk	100	15	30	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	30	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	820	305	95	40
Bangladeshi	105	0	15	10
Bengali	30	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	520	265	75	10
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	120	45	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	60	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,040	245	225	65
Burmese	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	0	20	10
Chinese	690	120	155	50
Filipino	225	120	0	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	10	45	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	10	0	10	0
Oceania origins	20	15	10	0
Australian	15	15	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	38,745	10,120	22,640	615
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,730	1,900	4,810	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	11,000	3,625	6,215	180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,015	4,600	11,615	335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,010	1,595	4,465	125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	4,910	1,080	3,180	80
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	2,095	510	1,285	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,660	1,825	3,785	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,140	205	695	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,205	975	2,670	55
Bachelor's degree	3,635	755	1,840	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	615	70	315	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	10	45	0
Master's degree	795	140	425	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	80	10	50	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	38,750	10,120	22,640	615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	18,730	5,525	11,025	285
Education	1,335	315	875	15
13. Education	1,330	310	875	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	735	180	420	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	25	95	0
50. Visual and performing arts	610	155	320	15
Humanities	975	180	625	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	130	20	85	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	50	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	495	60	370	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	10	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	0	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	25	40	0
54. History	40	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	135	15	80	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,980	640	870	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	30	105	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	540	170	270	0
22. Legal professions and studies	275	30	175	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	35	10	0	0
42. Psychology	215	75	105	0
45. Social sciences	730	320	205	20
Business, management and public administration	4,340	905	2,635	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	35	95	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,165	870	2,535	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	620	100	325	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	35	85	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	30	65	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	80	0	65	0
40. Physical sciences	190	20	90	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	20	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	805	190	450	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	695	175	370	15
25. Library science	25	0	25	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	15	50	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	10	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,735	1,015	2,800	75
04. Architecture and related services	100	10	55	0
14. Engineering	625	50	235	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	860	180	505	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,225	280	815	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,165	270	740	25
48. Precision production	765	230	450	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	50	135	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	20	120	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	15	0
Health and related fields	2,685	675	1,555	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	55	75	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,535	620	1,475	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,575	350	935	35
12. Personal and culinary services	880	205	510	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	315	65	225	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	80	195	10
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	38,745	10,120	22,640	615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,730	5,525	11,025	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	20,015	4,595	11,615	330
Location of study inside Canada	17,605	4,345	11,205	305
Same as province or territory of residence	17,120	4,120	11,000	300
Different than province or territory of residence	480	230	205	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	2,415	250	415	30
United States^{Footnote 132}	90	40	40	0
Philippines	40	20	0	0
India	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	65	40	15	0
China^{Footnote 134}	90	10	0	0
France	235	10	160	0
Other	1,880	135	200	30
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	38,750	10,120	22,640	615
In the labour force	24,440	6,140	14,235	395
Employed	22,395	5,460	13,185	355
Unemployed	2,040	680	1,050	40
Not in the labour force	14,310	3,980	8,405	220
Participation rate	63.1	60.7	62.9	64.2
Employment rate	57.8	54.0	58.2	57.7
Unemployment rate	8.3	11.1	7.4	10.1
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	38,750	10,125	22,635	615
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	13,955	3,990	8,090	210
Worked	24,790	6,130	14,550	405
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	12,265	3,205	7,040	170
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	12,525	2,930	7,515	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.2	43.2	42.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	25,460	6,360	14,890	415
a.Management	2,155	570	1,155	60
00 Senior management occupations	210	20	155	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	705	210	350	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	805	190	440	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	435	145	220	20
b.Professional	3,250	780	1,950	20
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	745	190	430	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	520	80	300	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	490	100	325	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	150	10	110	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	775	255	445	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	370	95	205	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	205	50	130	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,960	595	1,830	35
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	815	130	475	15
32 Technical occupations in health	490	115	310	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	895	175	560	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	210	15	175	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	550	160	310	0
d.Administration and administrative support	3,905	1,155	2,200	120
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,725	485	1,030	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	245	75	145	10
14 Office support occupations	1,295	390	680	40
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	635	200	340	30
e.Sales	2,665	625	1,680	30
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	445	120	240	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,135	320	650	15
66 Sales support occupations	1,085	185	790	10
f.Personal and customer information services	4,925	1,410	2,555	65
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	730	210	355	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	415	135	205	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	785	165	450	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,290	365	680	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,710	535	865	25
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,120	480	1,380	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,265	275	830	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	850	205	550	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,095	485	1,250	40
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	485	135	285	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,245	250	760	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	365	95	210	15
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	15	170	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	35	0	25	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	55	0	55	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	115	10	95	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,180	250	710	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	170	35	110	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	395	80	235	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	220	35	145	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	390	100	220	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	25,465	6,365	14,885	410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	10	95	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	90	10	80	0
113 Forestry and logging	15	0	10	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	15	0	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	0	15	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	30	0	10	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	0	10	0
22 Utilities	180	0	170	10
221 Utilities	180	0	170	0
23 Construction	1,630	380	1,055	30
236 Construction of buildings	485	115	285	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	100	10	80	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,050	260	690	25
31-33 Manufacturing	2,520	645	1,440	35
311 Food manufacturing	265	55	165	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	25	85	10
313 Textile mills	10	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	15	0	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	40	10	20	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	65	10	50	0
322 Paper manufacturing	115	25	85	0
323 Printing and related support activities	115	40	60	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	0	15	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	135	35	75	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	170	40	100	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	80	20	65	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	100	15	55	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	335	130	180	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	190	60	105	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	125	20	40	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	100	30	45	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	255	80	155	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	110	25	55	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	140	30	70	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,220	330	695	20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	35	25	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	215	20	135	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	205	80	85	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	170	35	110	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	220	35	160	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	235	90	95	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	115	25	85	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	35	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,270	665	2,145	55
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	420	85	305	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	125	25	80	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	50	0	30	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	195	40	120	0
445 Food and beverage stores	875	100	660	10
446 Health and personal care stores	310	40	220	15
447 Gasoline stations	50	20	25	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	425	115	220	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	85	15	50	10
452 General merchandise stores	435	115	275	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	230	75	130	0
454 Non-store retailers	80	30	30	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,980	585	1,030	60
481 Air transportation	150	65	50	10
482 Rail transportation	110	35	60	10
483 Water transportation	20	20	0	0
484 Truck transportation	515	120	260	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	490	40	365	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	305	135	110	20
491 Postal service	140	30	100	10
492 Couriers and messengers	170	100	40	0
493 Warehousing and storage	85	35	45	0
51 Information and cultural industries	645	170	365	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	85	25	55	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	100	40	45	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	45	10	35	0
517 Telecommunications	330	75	200	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	10	0	0
519 Other information services	70	15	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,195	350	620	20
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	675	185	325	15
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	110	50	40	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	415	110	250	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	465	160	225	10
531 Real estate	345	120	165	10
532 Rental and leasing services	120	40	65	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,340	400	675	25
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,340	400	675	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,210	285	670	15
561 Administrative and support services	1,130	275	605	15
562 Waste management and remediation services	80	0	65	0
61 Educational services	1,640	615	865	10
611 Educational services	1,645	615	860	10
62 Health care and social assistance	3,690	870	2,175	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	740	165	490	15
622 Hospitals	1,400	355	815	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	655	145	375	10
624 Social assistance	895	205	500	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	580	145	360	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	115	25	75	0
712 Heritage institutions	20	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	445	120	275	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,480	380	805	30
721 Accommodation services	175	35	90	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,305	350	715	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,090	265	615	10
811 Repair and maintenance	410	90	225	10
812 Personal and laundry services	300	60	165	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	305	80	200	0
814 Private households	75	30	25	0
91 Public administration	1,150	95	875	20
911 Federal government public administration	290	50	175	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	205	10	145	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	630	20	550	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	20	15	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	22,390	5,460	13,185	355
Worked at home	1,120	265	595	20
Worked outside Canada	70	10	35	0
No fixed workplace address	2,095	485	1,205	55
Worked at usual place	19,105	4,690	11,345	270
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	25,465	6,360	14,890	410
English	5,600	3,950	760	60
French	16,240	1,445	12,660	175
Non-official language	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	70	0	0	0
English and French	3,380	950	1,430	170
English and non-official language	45	10	0	0
French and non-official language	50	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	70	0	25	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	25,460	6,360	14,885	410
None	13,525	3,090	8,030	230
English	8,420	1,195	6,200	120
French	3,140	2,050	590	50
Non-official language	220	20	25	15
Aboriginal	15	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	205	10	25	10
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	0	40	0
French and non-official language	45	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,110	4,690	11,345	270
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,630	1,060	3,935	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,565	305	1,100	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,890	3,320	6,290	200
Commute to a different province or territory	30	10	15	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	21,200	5,180	12,555	330
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,565	3,790	10,245	250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	910	345	450	15
Public transit	2,815	880	1,285	55
Walked	625	100	400	10
Bicycle	120	30	70	0
Other method	170	35	115	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	21,200	5,180	12,555	325
Less than 15 minutes	4,975	990	3,455	55
15 to 29 minutes	4,870	1,010	3,185	80
30 to 44 minutes	5,430	1,450	3,040	75
45 to 59 minutes	2,910	825	1,540	50
60 minutes and over	3,025	910	1,335	60
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	21,200	5,180	12,560	325
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,465	520	1,585	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,560	1,065	2,730	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,355	1,360	3,105	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,015	715	1,875	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,030	500	1,105	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,765	1,015	2,160	60
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	46,680	12,330	27,295	860
Non-movers	42,635	11,330	25,030	775
Movers	4,050	995	2,265	85
Non-migrants	1,870	550	1,060	50
Migrants	2,180	450	1,200	35
Internal migrants	2,015	440	1,140	35
Intraprovincial migrants	1,965	420	1,135	35
Interprovincial migrants	45	15	10	0
External migrants	165	15	65	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	44,470	11,750	25,985	770
Non-movers	30,500	8,630	17,905	505
Movers	13,970	3,125	8,080	265
Non-migrants	6,670	1,840	4,030	110
Migrants	7,305	1,280	4,045	145
Internal migrants	6,565	1,240	3,825	140
Intraprovincial migrants	6,340	1,125	3,765	135
Interprovincial migrants	225	110	65	10
External migrants	740	40	220	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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