Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Lorraine, V

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	9,350	750	7,670	145
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	9,350	755	7,670	140
0 to 14 years	1,725	160	1,440	35
0 to 4 years	445	35	360	25
5 to 9 years	540	20	470	0
10 to 14 years	740	105	610	10
15 to 64 years	6,240	450	5,125	100
15 to 19 years	720	70	580	25
20 to 24 years	610	50	505	35
25 to 29 years	305	20	275	10
30 to 34 years	355	20	305	0
35 to 39 years	585	40	460	0
40 to 44 years	515	45	385	10
45 to 49 years	780	65	610	0
50 to 54 years	845	50	675	0
55 to 59 years	815	40	715	10
60 to 64 years	700	45	605	0
65 years and over	1,385	135	1,110	0
65 to 69 years	560	65	455	10
70 to 74 years	395	35	335	0
75 to 79 years	275	15	225	10
80 to 84 years	100	10	55	0
85 years and over	55	0	45	0
85 to 89 years	35	10	25	0
90 to 94 years	20	0	15	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.4	39.0	40.2	28.5
Median age	43.5	40.6	43.4	21.3
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	7,625	590	6,230	110
Married or living common law	5,050	370	4,115	40
Married	3,305	280	2,550	30
Living common law	1,750	90	1,570	15
Not married and not living common law	2,575	220	2,115	70
Never married	1,950	170	1,620	60
Separated	65	0	50	10
Divorced	355	20	280	10
Widowed	210	20	165	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	7,625	590	6,230	105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,275	535	5,990	90
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	86,281	52,967	92,482	50,525
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,058	37,733	48,855	30,639
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,285	535	5,995	85
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	68,615	42,445	73,778	40,850
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,887	33,893	41,443	30,383
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,935	485	5,755	90
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	84,918	51,770	90,772	50,075
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,367	32,313	43,066	25,434
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,895	405	3,950	65
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,921	8,184	7,924	3,365
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,387	6,680	6,509	1,231
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,650	390	4,680	75
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	86,120	43,504	93,067	46,138
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,872	31,983	42,381	25,426
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	93.9	89.4	94.4	93.6
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	77.4	60.4	78.7	76.1
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	6.2	11.7	5.7	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	7,630	590	6,230	105
Without total income	350	60	245	20
With total income	7,275	530	5,985	85
Percentage with total income	95.3	89.8	96.1	81.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870	95	680	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	925	65	745	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	730	75	570	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	650	40	530	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	650	30	530	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	600	30	530	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	525	45	450	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	565	50	465	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	375	40	310	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	300	20	230	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,090	35	950	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	600	10	520	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	490	25	430	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	7,630	590	6,230	105
Without after-tax income	345	60	235	15
With after-tax income	7,285	535	5,995	90
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	90.7	96.2	85.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	935	95	735	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,010	80	815	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	805	75	645	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	895	50	710	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	940	60	815	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	675	50	575	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	660	65	545	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	440	30	340	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	920	30	815	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	235	0	195	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	100	0	100	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	585	30	525	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	7,625	590	6,235	105
Without employment income	1,980	195	1,550	30
With employment income	5,645	390	4,685	75
Percentage with employment income	74.0	66.1	75.1	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	770	85	625	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	485	30	415	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	655	40	510	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	435	35	370	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	430	30	350	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	315	0	275	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	420	25	350	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	420	25	360	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	380	40	305	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,340	75	1,125	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	260	35	210	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	195	10	150	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	875	35	770	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	7,630	590	6,230	105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	2,490	200	2,000	15
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	65,235	69,246	67,074	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	81,197	62,857	83,469	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	9,350	755	7,670	140
English only	150	95	0	0
French only	2,610	0	2,465	10
English and French	6,570	655	5,210	135
Neither English nor French	30	10	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	9,355	750	7,670	145
English	1,015	605	135	35
French	7,800	100	7,430	65
Non-official language	290	10	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	295	0	15	0
English and French	160	35	80	40
English and non-official language	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	15	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	9,355	750	7,670	145
None	7,410	425	6,605	65
English	1,045	70	870	45
French	535	245	75	25
Non-official language	260	10	65	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	260	10	70	0
English and French	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	0	30	0
French and non-official language	50	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	9,350	750	7,670	140
English	1,075	750	0	35
French	8,030	0	7,670	65
English and French	220	0	0	45
Neither English nor French	25	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	1,185	750	0	55
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	12.7	100.0	0.0	39.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	9,350	755	7,670	145
Official languages	9,320	750	7,670	145
English	6,715	750	5,205	130
French	9,175	655	7,670	140
Non-official languages	1,475	100	585	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,475	100	585	15
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	9,350	755	7,670	145
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	55	0	55	0
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	45	0	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	20	0	20	0
Métis	25	0	30	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	10	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,295	755	7,615	140
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	9,350	750	7,675	140
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	35	0	30	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,315	750	7,640	145
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	9,355	755	7,670	140
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	25	0	25	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	25	0	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	10	0	10	0
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	250	10	215	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	245	10	210	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	185	10	150	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	0	45	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	9,080	740	7,430	120
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	9,350	750	7,675	140
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	9,180	735	7,590	140
Canadian citizens only	8,835	710	7,455	135
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	340	25	135	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	175	15	80	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	9,355	755	7,670	145
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	8,490	685	7,365	125
Immigrants^Footnote 44	855	60	300	15
Before 1981	285	30	75	10
1981 to 1990	110	10	30	0
1991 to 2000	105	10	30	10
2001 to 2010	265	0	105	0
2001 to 2005	155	0	75	0
2006 to 2010	110	0	35	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	85	10	55	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	10	0	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	850	60	295	15
Under 5 years	115	10	75	0
5 to 14 years	200	15	60	0
15 to 24 years	150	15	20	0
25 to 44 years	335	10	120	0
45 years and over	50	15	15	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	855	60	300	15
Americas	215	30	50	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	65	0	30	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	10	0
Peru	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	40	25	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	0	10	0
Europe	410	30	175	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	155	0	150	10
Germany	15	0	0	0
Greece	15	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	60	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
Poland	20	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	0	0
Romania	70	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	25	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	10	0
Africa	70	0	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	0	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	150	0	55	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	40	0	25	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	15	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	10	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	90	10	55	0
Americas	20	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	15	10	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	65	10	45	0
France	50	0	50	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	9,350	755	7,670	145
First generation^Footnote 73	895	70	325	15
Second generation^Footnote 74	970	205	485	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	7,485	475	6,855	100
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	585	30	230	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	385	10	170	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	165	0	60	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	220	10	110	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	150	20	55	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	50	0	10	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	9,355	755	7,670	140
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	530	45	235	15
South Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	0	40	0
Black	185	10	110	15
Filipino	0	0	10	0
Latin American	105	0	15	0
Arab	85	20	20	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	30	0	25	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	25	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	25	15	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	8,820	710	7,430	130
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	9,350	750	7,670	140
North American Aboriginal origins	270	10	240	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	200	10	165	25
Inuit	20	0	20	0
Métis	55	0	55	0
Other North American origins	5,680	325	5,270	70
Acadian	45	15	20	0
American	95	30	35	15
Canadian	5,415	280	5,080	45
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	170	0	170	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,770	625	3,510	100
British Isles origins	1,220	415	730	55
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	350	235	100	10
Irish	785	160	585	25
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	340	205	120	10
Welsh	45	30	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	80	40	35	10
French origins	2,910	195	2,665	40
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0
French	2,900	195	2,655	35
Western European origins (except French origins)	555	100	370	25
Austrian	25	0	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	160	10	135	10
Dutch	60	15	40	0
Flemish	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	270	70	160	0
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0
Swiss	50	0	30	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	0
Danish	15	0	10	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	350	80	140	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	0	15	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	125	35	70	0
Romanian	80	10	0	0
Russian	65	15	35	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,160	210	570	20
Albanian	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	40	25	10
Italian	890	175	430	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	10	70	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	10	60	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	155	10	105	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	145	10	95	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	155	0	55	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0
Brazilian	15	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	0	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	0	20	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	195	35	105	10
Central and West African origins	65	15	30	10
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	0	20	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	45	15	20	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0
North African origins	120	15	75	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	15	30	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	0	35	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	0	0	0
Asian origins	330	35	170	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	205	30	80	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	55	0	35	0
Armenian	35	0	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	75	20	30	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	15	15	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	130	10	90	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	90	0	55	10
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	7,630	590	6,230	105
No certificate, diploma or degree	750	65	570	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	1,590	185	1,230	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,285	340	4,430	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	660	50	560	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	470	30	410	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	190	20	145	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,510	105	1,255	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	425	25	355	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,695	160	2,265	25
Bachelor's degree	1,760	110	1,480	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	40	170	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	0	95	0
Master's degree	505	10	465	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	80	0	65	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	7,625	590	6,230	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	2,345	245	1,805	55
Education	455	50	365	0
13. Education	450	55	365	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	15	210	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	10	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	210	15	175	0
Humanities	400	20	350	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	0	30	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	10	225	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0
54. History	20	0	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	45	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	660	75	510	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	10	80	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	15	45	0
22. Legal professions and studies	190	0	165	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	10	0
42. Psychology	120	10	100	10
45. Social sciences	190	35	105	0
Business, management and public administration	1,450	70	1,245	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	35	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,400	65	1,210	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	0	250	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	0	95	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	0	55	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	50	0	50	0
40. Physical sciences	50	0	35	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	20	175	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	10	135	0
25. Library science	30	0	25	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	745	65	580	10
04. Architecture and related services	50	0	35	0
14. Engineering	275	20	200	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	10	90	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	125	0	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	15	75	0
48. Precision production	80	0	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	0	55	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	0	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	20	0
Health and related fields	550	20	495	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	0	45	0
51. Health professions and related programs	485	15	435	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225	0	190	0
12. Personal and culinary services	65	0	50	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	0	75	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	10	60	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	7,630	590	6,230	110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,340	245	1,800	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	5,285	345	4,425	55
Location of study inside Canada	4,960	320	4,285	45
Same as province or territory of residence	4,790	275	4,180	40
Different than province or territory of residence	170	45	105	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	325	25	150	10
United States^Footnote 132	55	10	35	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	20	15	10	0
China^Footnote 134	10	0	0	0
France	120	0	100	0
Other	125	0	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	7,630	590	6,230	110
In the labour force	5,180	380	4,225	70
Employed	4,945	350	4,050	60
Unemployed	235	25	175	10
Not in the labour force	2,445	210	2,005	40
Participation rate	67.9	64.4	67.8	63.6
Employment rate	64.8	59.3	65.0	54.5
Unemployment rate	4.5	6.6	4.1	14.3
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	7,630	590	6,230	110
Did not work^Footnote 137	2,080	235	1,630	30
Worked	5,550	355	4,600	80
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	2,565	195	2,060	20
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	2,980	155	2,540	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.7	42.5	37.8
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	5,650	380	4,670	80
a.Management	990	75	755	15
00 Senior management occupations	310	20	255	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	320	15	265	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	220	20	140	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	140	15	100	0
b.Professional	1,460	90	1,260	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	310	15	260	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	250	15	220	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	85	0	70	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	160	10	160	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	355	35	300	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	190	15	160	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	100	10	90	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	735	55	615	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	170	15	135	0
32 Technical occupations in health	85	10	75	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	110	15	80	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	50	0	45	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	320	20	275	0
d.Administration and administrative support	720	45	610	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	400	25	355	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	70	0	50	0
14 Office support occupations	175	20	140	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	70	0	70	0
e.Sales	555	30	470	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	140	0	115	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	295	20	250	10
66 Sales support occupations	125	10	105	0
f.Personal and customer information services	635	55	500	25
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	45	0	35	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	55	15	35	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	75	10	60	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	260	10	195	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	200	20	170	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	280	15	230	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	195	10	160	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	85	10	75	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	135	15	115	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	45	10	40	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	75	10	50	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	20	0	25	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	0	30	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	30	10	25	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	0	90	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	35	10	25	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	20	0	20	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	25	0	15	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	35	0	25	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	5,650	380	4,670	80
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	20	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	25	0	20	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	15	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	0	10	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	60	0	45	0
221 Utilities	60	0	45	0
23 Construction	325	20	280	0
236 Construction of buildings	125	10	110	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	35	10	25	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	165	10	145	0
31-33 Manufacturing	530	30	445	0
311 Food manufacturing	65	10	50	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	0	10	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	25	0	20	0
322 Paper manufacturing	10	0	15	0
323 Printing and related support activities	40	0	30	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	45	0	45	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	30	10	20	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	0	10	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	35	0	25	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	45	10	35	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	40	0	40	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	10	15	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	100	0	90	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	20	0	10	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	20	0	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	280	10	235	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	25	0	25	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	60	0	60	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	30	0	20	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	85	0	70	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	50	0	35	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	25	0	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	665	45	510	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	95	0	80	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	30	15	15	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	25	0	15	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	30	0	25	0
445 Food and beverage stores	120	10	105	0
446 Health and personal care stores	70	0	70	0
447 Gasoline stations	15	0	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	125	15	80	15
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	70	0	50	0
452 General merchandise stores	20	0	20	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	40	0	35	0
454 Non-store retailers	25	0	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	220	35	140	15
481 Air transportation	60	10	40	10
482 Rail transportation	0	0	10	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	25	10	25	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	50	0	35	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	35	10	20	0
491 Postal service	10	0	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	25	0	10	0
493 Warehousing and storage	10	0	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	200	0	160	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	35	0	25	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	50	10	45	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	25	0	30	0
517 Telecommunications	65	0	45	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	20	0	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	235	15	190	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	100	15	75	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	55	0	55	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	75	0	65	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	0	110	0
531 Real estate	120	0	100	0
532 Rental and leasing services	15	0	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	630	55	530	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	630	55	535	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	170	10	145	10
561 Administrative and support services	155	10	130	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	0
61 Educational services	600	75	505	0
611 Educational services	595	75	505	0
62 Health care and social assistance	595	30	520	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	260	10	240	0
622 Hospitals	170	10	145	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	80	10	65	0
624 Social assistance	85	0	60	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	205	10	195	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	45	0	45	0
712 Heritage institutions	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	165	10	155	0
72 Accommodation and food services	275	20	235	10
721 Accommodation services	35	0	30	0
722 Food services and drinking places	240	20	200	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	0	135	0
811 Repair and maintenance	25	0	25	0
812 Personal and laundry services	55	0	40	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	70	0	65	0
814 Private households	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	330	20	255	0
911 Federal government public administration	100	15	65	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	90	0	60	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	135	0	130	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	4,945	350	4,050	60
Worked at home	495	20	430	0
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	410	30	305	0
Worked at usual place	4,025	305	3,305	55
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	5,650	380	4,670	80
English	605	210	255	30
French	4,585	110	4,180	15
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	435	65	230	30
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	5,650	375	4,670	80
None	3,070	160	2,645	35
English	2,030	65	1,785	15
French	500	150	225	30
Non-official language	25	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	15	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,030	305	3,305	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	10	130	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	850	75	695	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,015	210	2,475	45
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	4,440	330	3,610	55
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,840	260	3,160	50
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	100	10	70	10
Public transit	380	45	280	10
Walked	55	10	50	0
Bicycle	25	0	25	0
Other method	40	10	25	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	4,440	330	3,610	55
Less than 15 minutes	615	45	540	10
15 to 29 minutes	1,270	115	1,020	15
30 to 44 minutes	1,055	80	835	25
45 to 59 minutes	660	35	565	0
60 minutes and over	835	55	655	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	4,440	335	3,610	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	320	40	235	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	855	65	685	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,300	105	1,075	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	935	55	775	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	475	20	390	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	550	45	445	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	9,260	745	7,595	135
Non-movers	8,455	705	6,915	135
Movers	805	40	685	10
Non-migrants	220	15	200	0
Migrants	585	25	485	10
Internal migrants	550	20	460	0
Intraprovincial migrants	515	20	440	0
Interprovincial migrants	35	0	15	0
External migrants	40	0	25	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	8,910	715	7,310	115
Non-movers	6,480	490	5,435	80
Movers	2,430	230	1,870	35
Non-migrants	690	55	575	10
Migrants	1,740	170	1,295	30
Internal migrants	1,685	170	1,260	30
Intraprovincial migrants	1,665	165	1,250	30
Interprovincial migrants	20	0	10	0
External migrants	55	0	40	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Lorraine, V

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.