Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Mirabel, V
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
0 to 14 years	11,120	165	10,685	120
0 to 4 years	3,680	85	3,510	45
5 to 9 years	3,945	45	3,780	55
10 to 14 years	3,495	30	3,395	25
15 to 64 years	34,395	860	32,380	170
15 to 19 years	3,070	45	2,980	0
20 to 24 years	3,065	50	2,960	10
25 to 29 years	3,500	105	3,285	40
30 to 34 years	3,840	120	3,590	20
35 to 39 years	4,090	85	3,800	25
40 to 44 years	3,745	115	3,485	30
45 to 49 years	3,825	55	3,595	10
50 to 54 years	3,735	115	3,455	25
55 to 59 years	3,125	90	2,955	10
60 to 64 years	2,405	85	2,275	10
65 years and over	4,785	115	4,545	10
65 to 69 years	1,975	65	1,855	15
70 to 74 years	1,390	25	1,320	0
75 to 79 years	770	10	750	0
80 to 84 years	390	10	365	0
85 years and over	265	0	255	0
85 to 89 years	200	10	195	0
90 to 94 years	60	10	55	0
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	35.7	39.5	35.5	27.4
Median age	35.7	40.1	35.4	27.8
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	39,185	970	36,920	185
Married or living common law	24,690	620	23,040	120
Married	11,575	375	10,425	60
Living common law	13,110	245	12,615	60
Not married and not living common law	14,495	350	13,880	65
Never married	10,790	235	10,385	50
Separated	495	20	450	10
Divorced	2,145	70	2,020	10
Widowed	1,065	25	1,025	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	39,185	975	36,920	190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,760	920	35,590	180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,473	51,681	44,466	48,558
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,908	43,930	38,954	48,487
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,760	920	35,590	180
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,423	41,184	36,408	39,652
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,918	38,589	33,906	40,065
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,165	845	33,160	170
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,438	50,430	41,436	44,445
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,054	43,039	35,063	41,337
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,775	610	26,190	135
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,003	8,243	7,967	9,228
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,856	5,803	5,815	6,869
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,335	760	29,520	160
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,206	49,515	41,168	43,870
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,584	43,318	35,634	43,273
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	86.7	89.6	86.8	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	76.9	79.1	76.8	82.6
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	13.2	10.6	13.2	14.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	39,185	970	36,920	185
Without total income	1,420	50	1,330	10
With total income	37,760	915	35,590	180
Percentage with total income	96.4	94.3	96.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,675	75	3,480	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	5,510	115	5,210	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	5,065	110	4,775	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	5,240	85	4,880	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,915	140	4,630	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	3,785	105	3,545	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,785	65	2,645	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,245	65	2,115	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,615	50	1,540	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	915	35	875	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,015	70	1,895	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,615	50	1,525	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	395	25	370	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	39,185	970	36,920	185
Without after-tax income	1,425	55	1,330	10
With after-tax income	37,760	920	35,590	175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	94.8	96.4	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,820	75	3,620	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	5,870	125	5,545	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	6,505	130	6,105	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	6,940	170	6,505	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	5,755	165	5,425	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	3,580	75	3,390	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	90	2,470	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	20	1,125	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,510	70	1,410	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	675	35	635	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	305	10	290	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	525	30	490	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	39,185	970	36,925	185
Without employment income	7,855	210	7,400	25
With employment income	31,335	760	29,520	165
Percentage with employment income	80.0	78.4	79.9	89.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,280	70	3,110	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	2,145	60	2,020	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,190	70	3,960	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,975	60	3,750	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,850	80	3,575	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,355	90	3,170	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,945	90	2,765	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,120	45	2,020	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,955	60	1,830	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,525	130	3,325	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	50	1,180	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	765	30	725	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,515	55	1,420	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	39,180	970	36,920	185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	14,610	410	13,715	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	49,069	57,638	49,015	53,601
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	53,930	67,495	53,724	55,916
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
English only	210	130	10	10
French only	28,810	20	28,365	30
English and French	21,250	990	19,230	270
Neither English nor French	40	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
English	985	610	205	30
French	48,375	445	47,150	190
Non-official language	440	0	40	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	440	10	45	0
English and French	275	50	120	85
English and non-official language	55	20	0	0
French and non-official language	155	10	80	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
None	45,840	595	44,565	170
English	3,015	255	2,585	110
French	690	275	180	25
Non-official language	640	10	235	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	640	10	230	0
English and French	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	0	35	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	50,305	1,135	47,610	310
English	1,350	1,120	0	30
French	48,595	15	47,600	200
English and French	325	0	0	80
Neither English nor French	35	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	1,510	1,120	0	70
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	3.0	98.7	0.0	22.6
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	50,305	1,135	47,610	310
Official languages	50,265	1,135	47,600	310
English	21,455	1,120	19,230	280
French	50,055	1,005	47,595	305
Non-official languages	2,880	135	1,505	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,870	135	1,505	15
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	50,305	1,135	47,605	305
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	575	0	560	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	540	10	530	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	210	0	210	0
Métis	325	0	315	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	20	0	20	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	15	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	49,730	1,130	47,040	305
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	50,300	1,135	47,605	310
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	105	10	100	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,195	1,130	47,505	310
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	50,300	1,135	47,605	310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	530	0	530	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	515	0	515	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	410	0	410	0
Métis single ancestry	105	0	105	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	15	0	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	1,690	30	1,655	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	1,640	30	1,605	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,440	25	1,405	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	0	175	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	25	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	50	0	50	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	0	50	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	48,080	1,105	45,420	295
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	49,875	1,120	47,400	305
Canadian citizens only	49,305	1,075	47,060	295
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	565	40	345	10
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	425	15	205	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	48,630	1,070	46,865	295
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	1,605	65	710	10
Before 1981	450	25	230	0
1981 to 1990	205	0	75	0
1991 to 2000	310	10	125	0
2001 to 2010	485	25	225	10
2001 to 2005	245	15	130	0
2006 to 2010	235	10	100	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	160	0	60	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	75	0	30	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	1,605	65	715	10
Under 5 years	320	15	235	0
5 to 14 years	295	20	120	10
15 to 24 years	350	0	145	0
25 to 44 years	605	25	205	0
45 years and over	35	0	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	1,600	65	710	10
Americas	380	30	115	10
Brazil	15	0	10	0
Colombia	30	0	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	80	0	50	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	60	0	10	0
Peru	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	65	15	35	10
Other places of birth in Americas	100	10	10	0
Europe	700	15	370	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	335	0	330	0
Germany	30	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
Poland	25	0	10	0
Portugal	160	0	0	0
Romania	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	0	30	0
Africa	245	0	125	10
Algeria	50	0	25	0
Egypt	20	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	0	40	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	0	60	0
Asia	285	20	100	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	105	0	60	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	25	0	20	0
Lebanon	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	160	0	55	0
Americas	25	0	10	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	0	40	0
France	40	0	35	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	0	10	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	50,305	1,135	47,605	305
First generation^{Footnote 73}	1,725	65	785	15
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	2,490	315	1,785	25
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	46,085	755	45,035	270
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	1,210	40	505	10
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	620	10	265	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	290	15	130	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	330	0	135	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	400	15	195	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	150	10	40	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	40	10	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	50,305	1,135	47,610	310
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	1,445	95	775	10
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	50	20	20	0
Chinese	150	0	85	0
Black	500	30	400	0
Filipino	20	15	0	0
Latin American	290	0	35	0
Arab	225	10	105	10
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	160	10	105	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	10	0	10	0
Korean	20	0	15	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	48,855	1,040	46,830	300
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	50,305	1,135	47,605	310
North American Aboriginal origins	2,225	25	2,185	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,905	25	1,865	15
Inuit	45	0	40	0
Métis	340	0	340	0
Other North American origins	39,275	620	38,395	195
Acadian	275	0	270	0
American	210	35	170	0
Canadian	37,775	595	36,925	190
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0
Québécois	1,330	10	1,315	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	17,630	730	16,115	170
British Isles origins	4,215	380	3,725	115
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	1,000	210	760	30
Irish	2,845	175	2,600	65
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	895	85	795	25
Welsh	15	0	10	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	65	25	40	0
French origins	12,070	200	11,795	45
Alsatian	0	0	10	0
Breton	135	0	140	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	11,965	200	11,690	40
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,360	105	1,185	20
Austrian	40	15	30	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	410	0	410	0
Dutch	115	25	80	0
Flemish	15	0	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	670	80	530	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	140	0	130	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	0	50	0
Danish	15	0	10	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	0	25	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	15	0	15	0
Eastern European origins	665	115	425	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	10	0	10	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0
Hungarian	110	30	80	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	225	10	185	15
Romanian	75	20	10	0
Russian	70	20	50	0
Slovak	30	0	25	0
Ukrainian	110	30	70	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,805	240	2,075	40
Albanian	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	20	80	0
Italian	1,895	210	1,505	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	550	20	295	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	280	15	250	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	20	0	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	15	30	0
Basque	20	0	15	0
Jewish	20	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	15	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	385	30	305	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	0	25	0
Dominican	0	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	285	0	235	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	15	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	10	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	445	0	175	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0
Chilean	85	0	25	0
Colombian	85	0	25	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0
Guatemalan	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	0	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	95	0	45	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	0	30	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0
Venezuelan	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0
African origins	420	15	330	0
Central and West African origins	100	0	70	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	20	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	55	0	40	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	15	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0
North African origins	240	10	180	10
Algerian	55	0	40	0
Berber	10	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	15	25	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	100	0	95	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	0	40	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	0	20	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	10	50	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	55	0	55	0
Asian origins	895	110	495	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	415	30	235	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	100	0	60	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	180	25	110	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	0	55	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	0	45	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	30	0	15	0
South Asian origins	85	30	35	0
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	15	30	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	395	45	220	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	0	25	0
Chinese	190	20	90	0
Filipino	25	20	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	0	20	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	0	20	0
Laotian	55	0	30	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	0	45	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	39,185	970	36,920	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,655	205	7,195	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	8,585	235	8,065	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,945	530	21,665	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,335	160	8,965	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	6,670	110	6,405	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	2,665	50	2,565	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,465	230	7,035	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,325	45	1,245	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,815	100	4,415	15
Bachelor's degree	3,690	80	3,370	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	320	10	295	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	0	80	0
Master's degree	640	10	595	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	75	0	65	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	39,185	970	36,920	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	16,240	440	15,255	90
Education	1,625	30	1,535	0
13. Education	1,625	25	1,540	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	770	10	750	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	0	135	0
50. Visual and performing arts	630	0	615	0
Humanities	780	10	750	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	0	80	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	535	0	510	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	20	0
54. History	35	0	40	0
55. French language and literature/letters	80	0	70	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,540	60	1,395	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	0	135	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	545	10	530	0
22. Legal professions and studies	250	10	220	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	15	10	10	0
42. Psychology	265	0	245	10
45. Social sciences	320	35	255	0
Business, management and public administration	5,050	160	4,710	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	15	210	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,805	145	4,495	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	565	0	525	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	10	185	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	0	95	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	145	0	135	0
40. Physical sciences	70	0	70	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	40	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	675	30	620	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	30	520	0
25. Library science	55	0	55	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	0	45	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	10	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,145	120	5,865	30
04. Architecture and related services	145	0	135	0
14. Engineering	515	0	465	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,210	30	1,165	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,775	20	1,725	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,530	40	1,445	0
48. Precision production	965	20	925	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	500	0	485	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	10	390	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	0	90	10
Health and related fields	2,625	55	2,490	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	165	0	165	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,450	50	2,315	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,675	55	2,545	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,140	15	1,080	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	675	0	645	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	860	35	815	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	39,180	970	36,920	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,235	440	15,255	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	22,945	530	21,665	95
Location of study inside Canada	22,495	520	21,445	95
Same as province or territory of residence	22,140	480	21,150	85
Different than province or territory of residence	350	35	290	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	450	10	225	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	45	0	50	0
Philippines	15	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	0	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 134}	30	0	0	0
France	135	0	135	0
Other	225	0	35	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	39,185	975	36,920	185
In the labour force	29,565	730	27,830	145
Employed	28,155	670	26,555	145
Unemployed	1,405	65	1,275	0
Not in the labour force	9,620	235	9,090	35
Participation rate	75.4	74.9	75.4	78.4
Employment rate	71.9	68.7	71.9	78.4
Unemployment rate	4.8	8.9	4.6	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	39,185	975	36,920	185
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	8,915	245	8,385	25
Worked	30,270	730	28,535	160
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	14,855	425	13,935	80
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	15,415	305	14,600	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.8	43.6	40.7
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	31,005	755	29,205	165
a.Management	3,155	110	2,930	20
00 Senior management occupations	435	20	410	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	765	10	715	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,100	50	995	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	855	25	810	10
b.Professional	4,015	75	3,795	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	825	20	775	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	660	10	620	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	540	15	510	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	295	0	295	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,095	20	1,050	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	420	10	395	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	170	10	160	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,890	95	3,685	30
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,090	55	1,020	0
32 Technical occupations in health	705	20	665	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,130	10	1,100	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	400	0	375	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	565	10	530	0
d.Administration and administrative support	3,855	105	3,610	15
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,900	60	1,780	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	305	0	300	0
14 Office support occupations	920	20	860	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	725	15	675	10
e.Sales	3,240	90	3,075	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	540	25	500	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,520	45	1,435	15
66 Sales support occupations	1,180	20	1,140	0
f.Personal and customer information services	4,715	105	4,345	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	405	0	390	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	400	10	370	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	945	10	880	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,540	25	1,430	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,425	60	1,275	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,595	85	3,435	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,220	50	2,135	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,375	35	1,300	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,365	40	2,260	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	440	10	425	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,450	30	1,380	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	470	10	455	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	580	15	555	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	10	80	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	260	0	250	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	230	0	225	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,600	35	1,505	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	285	0	275	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	385	10	370	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	575	10	545	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	355	15	325	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	31,010	755	29,205	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	810	10	785	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	760	0	730	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	15	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	0	10	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	35	0	35	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	10	70	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	70	10	65	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	0	10	0
22 Utilities	235	0	235	0
221 Utilities	235	0	230	0
23 Construction	3,270	60	3,130	25
236 Construction of buildings	905	10	875	15
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	355	10	330	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,010	45	1,925	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,930	140	3,675	10
311 Food manufacturing	450	15	425	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	50	0	50	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	20	10	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	30	0	30	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	235	15	220	0
322 Paper manufacturing	85	0	80	0
323 Printing and related support activities	130	0	130	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	25	0	20	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	240	10	225	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	115	10	95	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	110	10	100	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	45	0	35	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	240	0	225	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	205	25	180	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	160	0	150	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	90	0	85	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,295	45	1,225	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	230	10	210	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	165	10	155	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,265	55	1,185	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	0	20	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	210	10	195	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	245	0	240	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	90	10	75	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	245	15	240	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	260	10	245	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	130	0	130	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	55	0	40	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,260	85	4,060	20
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	765	15	730	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	140	10	130	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	135	0	135	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	270	10	260	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,070	15	1,015	0
446 Health and personal care stores	400	10	375	10
447 Gasoline stations	90	0	90	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	510	20	475	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	185	0	180	0
452 General merchandise stores	365	0	350	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	250	10	235	0
454 Non-store retailers	85	0	85	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,745	80	1,590	10
481 Air transportation	250	20	215	0
482 Rail transportation	55	0	50	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	530	15	500	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	310	0	295	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	245	20	220	0
491 Postal service	180	15	145	0
492 Couriers and messengers	125	10	110	0
493 Warehousing and storage	45	0	45	0
51 Information and cultural industries	515	10	485	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	135	0	130	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	0	55	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	20	0	20	0
517 Telecommunications	250	10	225	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	55	0	55	0
52 Finance and insurance	705	20	670	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	405	10	390	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	55	0	50	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	250	15	235	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	370	15	355	10
531 Real estate	285	10	275	0
532 Rental and leasing services	85	10	75	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,610	65	1,480	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,615	65	1,480	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	20	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	20	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,320	55	1,200	10
561 Administrative and support services	1,220	50	1,100	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	110	0	100	0
61 Educational services	1,875	15	1,810	10
611 Educational services	1,880	15	1,810	0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,565	60	3,380	30
621 Ambulatory health care services	900	10	860	10
622 Hospitals	1,205	20	1,150	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	485	10	460	0
624 Social assistance	970	25	915	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	675	10	655	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	135	0	140	0
712 Heritage institutions	20	0	25	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	510	0	490	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,745	35	1,610	10
721 Accommodation services	150	0	145	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,600	35	1,465	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,390	20	1,290	20
811 Repair and maintenance	615	15	575	10
812 Personal and laundry services	545	10	505	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	180	0	160	10
814 Private households	45	10	45	0
91 Public administration	1,610	15	1,525	10
911 Federal government public administration	365	0	340	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	310	0	300	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	930	15	880	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	28,155	670	26,560	145
Worked at home	2,050	35	1,935	30
Worked outside Canada	20	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	3,595	95	3,405	30
Worked at usual place	22,495	530	21,195	85
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	31,010	755	29,205	165
English	1,270	230	885	15
French	28,230	415	27,105	100
Non-official language	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	0	0
English and French	1,450	110	1,180	45
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	20	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	31,010	755	29,205	160
None	21,485	260	20,650	90
English	8,355	300	7,740	55
French	1,030	190	735	15
Non-official language	80	0	45	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	80	10	45	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	0	20	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	22,490	535	21,200	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,775	100	4,575	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,660	425	16,575	65
Commute to a different province or territory	60	0	55	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	26,095	625	24,600	115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,665	580	22,325	105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	755	15	715	0
Public transit	725	25	645	0
Walked	600	0	575	0
Bicycle	125	0	115	0
Other method	225	10	215	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	26,090	625	24,600	115
Less than 15 minutes	5,140	100	4,930	15
15 to 29 minutes	9,485	200	9,020	50
30 to 44 minutes	5,905	135	5,570	30
45 to 59 minutes	2,540	65	2,350	10
60 minutes and over	3,020	135	2,725	20
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	26,090	625	24,600	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,655	80	3,460	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,415	120	5,160	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,875	200	6,460	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,765	90	3,535	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,165	50	2,000	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,210	85	3,980	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	49,540	1,115	46,885	300
Non-movers	43,265	940	41,000	245
Movers	6,270	170	5,885	50
Non-migrants	2,470	30	2,370	25
Migrants	3,800	140	3,515	30
Internal migrants	3,780	140	3,500	30
Intraprovincial migrants	3,745	135	3,465	30
Interprovincial migrants	35	0	35	0
External migrants	20	0	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	46,620	1,045	44,095	265
Non-movers	26,850	545	25,645	125
Movers	19,770	505	18,445	145
Non-migrants	7,005	120	6,705	60
Migrants	12,760	380	11,740	90
Internal migrants	12,630	380	11,680	90
Intraprovincial migrants	12,505	350	11,585	85
Interprovincial migrants	125	25	90	0
External migrants	130	0	65	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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