Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Les Pays-d'en-Haut

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	41,210	3,865	36,995	325	20	4,030
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	41,210	3,865	36,995	325	20	4,025
0 to 14 years	4,795	370	4,360	65	0	405
0 to 4 years	1,505	125	1,350	35	0	140
5 to 9 years	1,710	105	1,580	25	0	125
10 to 14 years	1,575	145	1,425	10	0	145
15 to 64 years	25,615	2,260	23,130	215	10	2,360
15 to 19 years	1,625	135	1,470	10	0	145
20 to 24 years	1,480	100	1,360	15	0	110
25 to 29 years	1,425	150	1,265	10	0	155
30 to 34 years	1,645	110	1,525	15	0	115
35 to 39 years	1,925	130	1,780	20	0	140
40 to 44 years	2,135	120	1,985	35	0	135
45 to 49 years	2,525	295	2,200	30	0	305
50 to 54 years	3,680	300	3,365	20	0	310
55 to 59 years	4,595	425	4,140	30	0	445
60 to 64 years	4,575	490	4,045	30	10	510
65 years and over	10,800	1,240	9,510	45	10	1,260
65 to 69 years	4,125	365	3,745	10	10	370
70 to 74 years	3,085	315	2,750	10	0	325
75 to 79 years	1,735	265	1,460	20	0	270
80 to 84 years	1,135	185	950	0	0	180
85 years and over	715	110	605	0	0	110
85 to 89 years	550	80	465	0	0	80
90 to 94 years	150	25	120	0	0	25
95 to 99 years	20	10	15	0	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	48.8	52.4	48.4	41.1	67.1	not applicable ...
Median age	54.2	57.5	53.8	44.4	64.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,625
Married or living common law	22,100	2,125	19,775	180	20	2,210
Married	12,680	1,585	10,930	150	15	1,660
Living common law	9,420	540	8,845	30	10	555
Not married and not living common law	14,310	1,370	12,860	80	0	1,410
Never married	8,395	745	7,585	60	0	780
Separated	575	45	525	10	0	50
Divorced	3,525	315	3,185	15	0	325
Widowed	1,825	260	1,565	0	0	260
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,560	3,395	31,885	255	20	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,489	47,636	46,487	33,975	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,055	30,703	33,261	29,209	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,570	3,400	31,895	255	20	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,200	36,385	37,365	29,381	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,259	27,855	29,526	26,838	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,135	3,035	28,860	225	0	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,346	44,280	43,342	32,697	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,909	26,694	29,178	27,808	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,480	2,680	24,590	190	20	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,469	10,217	9,414	6,540	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,095	10,112	9,005	3,901	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,570	2,065	21,340	155	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,485	38,535	39,638	32,984	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,670	21,108	26,091	28,930	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	84.2	83.1	84.4	84.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	56.3	49.3	57.1	59.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	15.7	17.0	15.6	14.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,625
Without total income	855	95	755	0	0	100
With total income	35,560	3,395	31,885	255	20	3,525
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.1	97.7	98.1	100.0	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,985	515	3,420	40	too unreliable to be published F	530
$10,000 to $19,999	6,490	585	5,840	55	too unreliable to be published F	620
$20,000 to $29,999	5,920	570	5,300	45	too unreliable to be published F	590
$30,000 to $39,999	4,355	375	3,950	25	too unreliable to be published F	390
$40,000 to $49,999	3,760	355	3,385	15	too unreliable to be published F	365
$50,000 to $59,999	3,105	260	2,825	25	too unreliable to be published F	270
$60,000 to $69,999	2,145	180	1,940	30	too unreliable to be published F	195
$70,000 to $79,999	1,525	95	1,415	20	too unreliable to be published F	105
$80,000 to $89,999	990	95	895	10	too unreliable to be published F	95
$90,000 to $99,999	755	60	695	0	too unreliable to be published F	60
$100,000 and over	2,530	300	2,225	0	too unreliable to be published F	305
$100,000 to $149,999	1,470	160	1,310	0	too unreliable to be published F	160
$150,000 and over	1,060	140	920	0	too unreliable to be published F	140
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,625
Without after-tax income	845	95	745	10	0	95
With after-tax income	35,570	3,405	31,895	255	20	3,525
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.4	97.7	98.1	100.0	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,345	545	3,750	40	too unreliable to be published F	560
$10,000 to $19,999	6,885	655	6,160	65	too unreliable to be published F	690
$20,000 to $29,999	6,980	645	6,280	50	too unreliable to be published F	670
$30,000 to $39,999	5,510	490	5,000	25	too unreliable to be published F	505
$40,000 to $49,999	4,310	360	3,920	20	too unreliable to be published F	375
$50,000 to $59,999	2,720	205	2,475	45	too unreliable to be published F	230
$60,000 to $69,999	1,690	150	1,530	10	too unreliable to be published F	155
$70,000 to $79,999	985	90	895	0	too unreliable to be published F	90
$80,000 and over	2,145	255	1,895	0	too unreliable to be published F	250
$80,000 to $89,999	570	60	510	0	too unreliable to be published F	60
$90,000 to $99,999	355	45	315	0	too unreliable to be published F	45
$100,000 and over	1,220	150	1,070	0	too unreliable to be published F	150
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,620
Without employment income	12,845	1,425	11,305	105	10	1,480
With employment income	23,570	2,065	21,335	155	10	2,145
Percentage with employment income	64.7	59.1	65.4	59.6	50.0	59.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,305	525	3,760	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	530
$5,000 to $9,999	1,930	175	1,740	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	185
$10,000 to $19,999	3,820	305	3,485	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	325
$20,000 to $29,999	2,880	225	2,625	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	235
$30,000 to $39,999	2,380	165	2,205	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	170
$40,000 to $49,999	1,875	160	1,695	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	175
$50,000 to $59,999	1,585	120	1,445	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$60,000 to $69,999	1,170	85	1,080	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$70,000 to $79,999	995	60	915	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$80,000 and over	2,640	235	2,400	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	235
$80,000 to $89,999	585	40	540	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$90,000 to $99,999	505	35	465	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	1,550	165	1,390	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	160
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	36,415	3,490	32,640	260	20	3,625
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	8,630	720	7,830	85	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	46,863	45,209	47,016	40,658	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	58,251	63,870	57,907	41,872	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	41,210	3,870	36,995	325	20	4,025
English only	930	930	0	0	0	925
French only	15,800	0	15,800	0	0	0
English and French	24,455	2,940	21,195	320	0	3,100
Neither English nor French	25	0	10	0	20	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	41,205	3,865	37,000	325	20	4,030
English	3,750	3,105	640	0	0	3,105
French	36,405	570	35,840	0	0	570
Non-official language	300	40	65	175	20	125
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	300	40	65	175	20	125
English and French	445	55	270	115	0	110
English and non-official language	95	85	15	0	0	80
French and non-official language	165	10	160	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	45	10	10	35	0	20
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	41,210	3,865	36,995	320	20	4,030
None	35,720	2,470	33,045	185	20	2,565
English	3,535	335	3,175	25	0	350
French	1,305	835	430	40	0	855
Non-official language	445	175	245	30	0	185
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	445	175	245	30	0	190
English and French	40	10	0	40	0	25
English and non-official language	100	0	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	40	10	0	0	45
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	41,205	3,870	36,995	320	20	4,025
English	3,220	3,210	10	0	0	3,210
French	36,135	10	36,125	0	0	10
Non-official language	1,235	490	515	215	20	595
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,225	480	510	215	20	585
English and French	430	110	230	95	0	160
English and non-official language	50	50	0	0	0	50
French and non-official language	115	0	115	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	10	15	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	41,205	3,870	37,000	320	20	4,030
Official languages	41,185	3,865	36,990	320	0	4,030
English	25,385	3,870	21,195	320	0	4,030
French	40,255	2,940	36,995	325	0	3,100
Non-official languages	3,585	875	2,435	255	20	1,005
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,580	870	2,435	255	20	995
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	41,205	3,865	36,995	320	20	4,030
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	505	35	470	0	0	35
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	495	35	460	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	175	10	165	0	0	10
Métis	315	20	295	0	0	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,700	3,830	36,525	325	20	3,995
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	41,205	3,870	37,000	325	20	4,030
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	105	0	95	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	41,105	3,860	36,900	320	20	4,025
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	41,205	3,870	36,995	320	20	4,030
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	305	10	290	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	290	0	280	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	210	0	205	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	75	0	80	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	1,255	110	1,145	10	0	110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	1,240	105	1,125	10	0	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,045	90	950	10	0	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	190	20	170	0	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	20	10	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	39,645	3,745	35,560	320	20	3,910
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	41,210	3,870	36,995	325	20	4,025
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	40,370	3,715	36,355	290	20	3,855
Canadian citizens only	39,385	3,520	35,625	220	10	3,630
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	990	190	725	65	0	225
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	835	155	640	35	0	175
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	41,205	3,865	37,000	320	20	4,030
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	38,275	3,120	35,015	135	10	3,185
Immigrants^Footnote 42	2,815	740	1,880	180	20	830
Before 1981	1,145	430	660	55	0	460
1981 to 1990	300	95	180	25	0	110
1991 to 2000	450	65	345	30	10	75
2001 to 2010	615	115	445	45	0	140
2001 to 2005	305	60	230	15	0	70
2006 to 2010	305	50	215	35	10	70
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	305	40	250	25	0	45
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	120	15	105	0	0	15
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	2,810	740	1,875	180	15	830
Under 5 years	280	85	195	0	0	80
5 to 14 years	485	135	315	35	0	155
15 to 24 years	675	180	445	55	0	205
25 to 44 years	1,100	285	725	85	10	325
45 years and over	275	60	200	10	0	65
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	2,810	735	1,875	180	15	830
Americas	350	145	160	45	0	165
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	0	10	40	0	20
Peru	20	0	15	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	175	110	70	0	0	110
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	40	10	0	30
Europe	1,985	465	1,395	120	0	525
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	990	15	980	0	0	10
Germany	125	60	40	20	0	75
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	10
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	100	10	65	25	0	20
Netherlands	20	15	10	0	0	15
Poland	55	40	10	0	0	40
Portugal	35	10	25	0	0	15
Romania	95	10	40	50	0	30
Russian Federation	45	15	15	10	0	20
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	140	135	0	0	0	140
Other places of birth in Europe	320	115	190	10	0	125
Africa	195	10	180	0	0	15
Algeria	60	0	60	0	0	0
Egypt	35	0	30	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	50	10	45	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	0	50	0	0	0
Asia	255	100	125	20	10	110
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	35	15	25	0	0	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	20	10	0	0	10	10
Lebanon	50	0	35	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	10	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	0	20	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	20	0	0	30
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	30	15	15	0	0	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	310	40	250	25	0	50
Americas	25	10	10	10	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	255	15	220	15	0	20
France	200	0	200	0	0	0
Germany	25	0	15	15	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	20	15	10	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	41,205	3,865	36,995	320	20	4,030
First generation^Footnote 71	3,130	825	2,090	195	15	925
Second generation^Footnote 72	2,800	1,005	1,740	60	0	1,030
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	35,275	2,040	33,165	70	0	2,070
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	1,695	310	1,235	130	15	380
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,045	115	870	55	10	135
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	535	60	445	25	0	75
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	510	50	425	20	0	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	570	195	330	40	10	210
Refugees^Footnote 79	80	10	30	40	0	30
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	41,210	3,870	37,000	320	20	4,030
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	700	170	475	40	10	195
South Asian^Footnote 83	35	10	25	0	0	10
Chinese	95	40	55	0	0	40
Black	160	50	110	10	0	50
Filipino	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin American	70	10	55	10	0	10
Arab	120	20	90	10	0	25
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	80	15	70	0	0	10
West Asian^Footnote 85	15	10	10	0	0	10
Korean	20	10	0	0	10	10
Japanese	35	15	15	10	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	40	10	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	15	10	0	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	40,510	3,695	36,525	285	10	3,840
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	41,205	3,870	37,000	325	20	4,030
North American Aboriginal origins	1,560	120	1,435	10	0	125
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,285	95	1,190	0	0	100
Inuit	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	300	25	270	0	0	25
Other North American origins	27,355	1,320	25,975	55	0	1,350
Acadian	165	0	165	0	0	0
American	315	125	180	20	0	130
Canadian	26,155	1,220	24,900	35	10	1,235
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	1,075	15	1,055	0	0	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	19,220	3,180	15,765	265	10	3,320
British Isles origins	5,230	1,940	3,225	60	0	1,970
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,445	850	580	15	0	860
Irish	3,165	955	2,195	20	0	965
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,460	735	700	25	0	755
Welsh	55	45	10	0	0	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	230	185	40	0	0	190
French origins	12,840	535	12,260	40	0	560
Alsatian	25	0	30	0	0	0
Breton	100	0	105	0	0	0
Corsican	60	0	60	0	0	0
French	12,710	535	12,135	40	0	555
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,785	490	1,245	45	0	515
Austrian	125	80	40	10	0	80
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	490	30	455	0	0	30
Dutch	185	80	95	10	0	90
Flemish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	920	310	575	35	0	325
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	165	30	135	0	0	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	195	125	40	25	0	140
Danish	75	30	30	15	0	40
Finnish	25	25	0	0	0	25
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	40	15	0	0	35
Swedish	50	40	0	10	0	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,325	675	550	100	10	725
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	10
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	40	20	10	0	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	50	25	30	0	0	25
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	70	55	10	0	70
Latvian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	35	0	0	0	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	455	230	215	10	0	235
Romanian	185	40	75	70	0	75
Russian	310	225	60	20	0	235
Slovak	25	20	0	0	0	20
Ukrainian	230	90	135	0	0	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,385	620	1,650	115	0	675
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	20	0	0	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	205	115	80	10	0	120
Italian	1,605	375	1,170	60	0	405
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	80	150	15	0	85
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0	0	10
Spanish	315	45	240	35	0	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	35	0	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	55	55	0	0	55
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	60	35	25	0	0	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	50	25	30	0	0	25
Caribbean origins	130	30	95	0	0	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	75	0	75	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	10	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	240	25	190	20	0	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	0	0	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	15	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	10	65	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	0	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	0	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	440	65	370	10	0	70
Central and West African origins	50	10	40	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	15	10	0	10	0	0
North African origins	340	45	290	0	0	45
Algerian	105	10	90	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	80	10	70	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	105	20	85	0	0	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	0	40	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	10	35	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	10	10	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	15	10	10	0	0	10
Asian origins	775	185	535	45	10	205
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	445	85	320	35	0	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	75	10	45	15	0	20
Armenian	45	20	25	0	0	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	20	150	10	0	25
Palestinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	10	50	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	60	10	30	15	0	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	315	95	205	10	15	95
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	160	40	115	0	0	45
Filipino	15	10	0	0	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	15	10	0	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	0	0	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	0	55	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	20	35	0	0	20
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	10	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	35	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	25	0	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	36,415	3,495	32,640	260	20	3,625
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,245	445	4,775	20	10	455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	8,365	1,025	7,270	65	10	1,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,800	2,025	20,595	180	0	2,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,940	375	5,515	50	0	400
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	4,195	240	3,940	15	0	245
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	1,745	135	1,570	35	0	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,135	645	6,440	45	0	670
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,020	145	1,870	0	0	150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,705	860	6,770	75	10	895
Bachelor's degree	5,115	570	4,510	40	0	585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	775	70	700	10	0	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	10	230	20	10	20
Master's degree	1,335	175	1,150	10	0	185
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	215	35	180	0	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	36,415	3,495	32,640	265	20	3,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	13,615	1,470	12,050	80	10	1,510
Education	2,055	190	1,855	10	0	190
13. Education	2,055	190	1,860	10	0	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,090	145	940	0	0	150
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	10	120	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	965	145	820	10	0	140
Humanities	1,480	185	1,270	25	0	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	240	40	180	20	0	50
23. English language and literature/letters	60	35	25	0	0	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	755	60	700	0	0	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	20	60	0	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0	20	0	0	0
54. History	115	15	95	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	205	20	185	0	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,245	285	1,935	30	0	300
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	290	25	260	0	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	400	35	355	0	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	430	25	390	15	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	70	0	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	435	65	370	0	0	65
45. Social sciences	605	120	475	0	0	120
Business, management and public administration	5,540	450	5,055	35	0	465
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	40	300	0	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,195	405	4,755	35	0	420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	585	70	515	0	0	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	10	180	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	20	135	0	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	90	0	90	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	40	105	0	0	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	530	50	470	10	0	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	410	40	365	10	0	45
25. Library science	65	10	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	10	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,190	345	3,815	25	0	360
04. Architecture and related services	170	10	155	10	0	15
14. Engineering	595	90	510	0	0	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	920	80	830	10	0	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,010	70	935	0	0	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	915	75	830	0	0	75
48. Precision production	580	25	550	0	0	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	10	320	0	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	10	200	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	0	120	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,820	180	2,605	30	10	195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	40	280	0	0	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,415	140	2,260	20	0	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	10	70	0	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,935	115	1,800	20	0	125
12. Personal and culinary services	995	70	905	15	0	80
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	455	15	440	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	475	25	445	0	0	25
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	36,415	3,490	32,640	260	20	3,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,615	1,470	12,045	85	15	1,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	22,800	2,025	20,590	180	10	2,115
Location of study inside Canada	21,530	1,670	19,740	120	0	1,730
Same as province or territory of residence	20,725	1,385	19,235	110	0	1,440
Different than province or territory of residence	805	290	510	10	0	295
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,270	355	850	60	10	380
United States^Footnote 130	195	110	85	0	0	110
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	80	65	20	0	0	65
China^Footnote 132	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	550	0	540	0	0	10
Other	435	170	205	60	10	200
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	36,415	3,490	32,640	260	20	not applicable ...
In the labour force	20,825	1,845	18,795	170	10	not applicable ...
Employed	19,390	1,690	17,525	165	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	1,435	155	1,265	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	15,590	1,650	13,845	90	10	not applicable ...
Participation rate	57.2	52.9	57.6	65.4	50.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	53.2	48.4	53.7	63.5	50.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.9	8.4	6.7	5.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	36,410	3,490	32,640	260	20	3,625
Did not work^Footnote 135	13,895	1,485	12,325	75	10	1,520
Worked	22,520	2,005	20,315	185	10	2,100
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	9,050	765	8,185	95	0	815
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	13,470	1,245	12,130	90	10	1,290
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	40.0	41.0	44.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	23,115	2,070	20,840	195	10	2,165
a.Management	3,080	290	2,750	35	10	310
00 Senior management occupations	815	85	725	10	0	85
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	740	85	650	10	0	85
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,020	75	935	0	0	80
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	500	50	440	15	0	55
b.Professional	4,140	390	3,710	40	0	405
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	780	55	720	0	0	60
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	525	100	420	10	0	105
30 Professional occupations in nursing	305	20	280	0	0	20
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	395	15	370	10	0	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,085	90	995	0	0	90
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	655	40	610	10	0	45
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	395	70	315	10	0	75
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,725	245	2,460	15	0	250
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	665	40	615	15	0	45
32 Technical occupations in health	395	20	370	0	0	25
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	635	65	565	10	0	70
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	215	15	205	0	0	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	820	105	715	0	0	100
d.Administration and administrative support	2,675	215	2,430	35	0	230
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,460	125	1,315	15	0	135
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	245	10	235	0	0	15
14 Office support occupations	675	45	615	15	0	50
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	290	30	260	0	0	30
e.Sales	2,780	220	2,560	0	0	220
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	575	45	525	0	0	45
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,280	120	1,165	0	0	115
66 Sales support occupations	925	55	870	0	0	55
f.Personal and customer information services	3,970	440	3,490	45	0	460
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	290	15	270	10	0	20
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	280	35	240	0	0	40
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	745	100	630	15	0	105
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,120	100	1,015	10	0	105
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,545	185	1,345	15	0	195
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,685	95	1,585	0	0	100
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,160	65	1,090	10	0	70
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	520	30	495	0	0	30
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,225	130	1,075	15	0	140
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	175	15	165	0	0	15
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	805	95	705	10	0	100
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	240	25	215	10	0	25
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	380	35	345	0	0	30
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	40	0	40	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	55	0	55	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	290	35	250	0	0	30
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	445	20	430	0	0	20
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	115	10	110	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	120	0	115	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	145	0	135	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	70	10	65	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	23,115	2,075	20,840	195	10	2,170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	10	135	0	0	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	125	10	110	0	0	10
113 Forestry and logging	15	0	15	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	0	40	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	25	0	25	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	15	0	15	0	0	0
22 Utilities	160	10	155	0	0	0
221 Utilities	155	10	155	0	0	10
23 Construction	2,015	115	1,880	20	0	125
236 Construction of buildings	870	70	785	20	0	75
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	155	10	145	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	990	40	945	10	0	40
31-33 Manufacturing	1,570	130	1,425	20	0	140
311 Food manufacturing	160	10	155	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	45	0	40	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	30	10	30	0	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	55	0	60	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	30	0	30	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	50	10	40	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	0	20	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	105	0	95	0	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	35	10	35	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	110	10	95	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	35	0	30	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	110	10	110	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	65	0	65	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	40	0	35	10	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	40	0	30	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	400	55	335	0	0	60
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	120	0	120	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	105	10	95	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	735	85	640	10	0	85
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	135	10	125	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	185	30	145	0	0	30
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	35	10	25	0	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	135	10	120	0	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	120	0	120	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	75	10	65	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	15	30	0	0	15
44-45 Retail trade	3,285	225	3,050	0	0	225
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	330	15	315	0	0	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	110	0	105	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	65	0	60	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	415	20	390	0	0	25
445 Food and beverage stores	1,045	60	980	0	0	60
446 Health and personal care stores	315	25	290	0	0	25
447 Gasoline stations	75	10	60	0	0	15
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	340	30	310	0	0	30
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	225	15	205	0	0	15
452 General merchandise stores	160	15	145	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	140	0	130	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	75	10	60	0	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	175	745	25	0	185
481 Air transportation	220	40	175	0	0	45
482 Rail transportation	25	10	20	0	0	10
483 Water transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	230	50	175	10	0	50
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	195	30	160	0	0	30
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	135	35	90	10	0	40
491 Postal service	100	0	95	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	20	15	0	0	0	15
493 Warehousing and storage	20	0	15	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	490	35	455	0	0	35
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	110	10	105	0	0	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	145	0	135	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	45	0	45	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	120	20	100	0	0	15
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	70	0	65	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	625	55	575	0	0	55
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	295	10	285	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	110	15	95	0	0	15
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	225	30	195	0	0	35
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	715	80	620	10	0	90
531 Real estate	655	80	565	10	0	85
532 Rental and leasing services	55	0	55	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,900	250	1,630	20	0	265
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,900	250	1,630	20	0	260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,155	120	1,020	10	10	120
561 Administrative and support services	1,090	115	955	0	10	125
562 Waste management and remediation services	65	0	65	0	0	0
61 Educational services	1,700	170	1,515	10	0	175
611 Educational services	1,700	175	1,520	10	0	175
62 Health care and social assistance	2,665	175	2,455	35	0	190
621 Ambulatory health care services	900	60	825	10	0	65
622 Hospitals	680	10	660	10	0	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	465	25	430	0	0	30
624 Social assistance	625	75	540	10	0	80
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,050	130	920	0	0	130
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	315	55	255	10	0	60
712 Heritage institutions	25	0	25	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	710	70	640	0	0	65
72 Accommodation and food services	1,700	195	1,475	30	0	210
721 Accommodation services	455	45	405	0	0	50
722 Food services and drinking places	1,245	150	1,065	30	0	160
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,085	70	1,015	0	0	75
811 Repair and maintenance	335	15	320	0	0	15
812 Personal and laundry services	390	30	360	0	0	30
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	265	20	245	0	0	20
814 Private households	95	10	85	0	0	10
91 Public administration	1,120	40	1,080	10	0	45
911 Federal government public administration	255	30	220	10	0	30
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	270	0	270	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	600	10	585	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	19,390	1,685	17,530	165	10	1,770
Worked at home	2,520	290	2,190	35	0	305
Worked outside Canada	100	60	40	0	0	60
No fixed workplace address	2,590	220	2,350	15	0	225
Worked at usual place	14,180	1,120	12,950	115	10	1,175
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	23,115	2,070	20,840	195	10	2,170
English	1,970	1,065	850	50	0	1,090
French	19,530	750	18,690	85	0	790
Non-official language	20	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	0	15	0	10	0
English and French	1,525	230	1,235	60	0	260
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	15
French and non-official language	20	0	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	20	10	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	23,115	2,070	20,840	195	10	2,165
None	14,315	970	13,225	110	10	1,025
English	7,435	520	6,880	40	0	535
French	1,230	555	645	30	0	565
Non-official language	85	20	45	15	0	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	80	15	50	10	0	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	0	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,185	1,115	12,950	115	0	1,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,930	250	2,635	45	0	270
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,405	165	2,235	0	0	165
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,750	660	8,010	65	0	695
Commute to a different province or territory	100	40	60	0	0	40
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	16,775	1,340	15,300	130	10	1,400
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,885	1,145	13,650	85	0	1,190
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	600	60	540	0	0	60
Public transit	305	25	270	10	0	30
Walked	670	60	575	25	10	70
Bicycle	60	0	50	0	0	0
Other method	260	45	215	0	0	45
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	16,775	1,335	15,300	125	10	1,400
Less than 15 minutes	4,365	355	3,960	35	0	375
15 to 29 minutes	4,515	300	4,185	25	0	315
30 to 44 minutes	3,130	230	2,890	15	0	235
45 to 59 minutes	1,965	125	1,820	20	0	135
60 minutes and over	2,795	325	2,445	25	0	335
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	16,775	1,335	15,300	130	10	1,400
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,385	95	1,280	15	0	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,495	170	2,290	30	10	185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,485	310	4,150	25	0	325
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,900	285	3,590	25	0	300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,150	245	1,875	20	10	255
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,365	230	2,120	15	0	240
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	40,875	3,830	36,710	310	20	3,985
Non-movers	36,195	3,435	32,470	275	10	3,575
Movers	4,680	395	4,245	30	10	415
Non-migrants	1,390	100	1,295	0	0	100
Migrants	3,295	300	2,950	30	10	315
Internal migrants	3,140	275	2,835	25	10	290
Intraprovincial migrants	3,040	230	2,775	25	15	245
Interprovincial migrants	100	45	60	0	0	40
External migrants	145	30	115	0	0	30
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	39,705	3,745	35,650	290	20	3,890
Non-movers	25,160	2,550	22,440	155	10	2,630
Movers	14,540	1,190	13,205	135	10	1,260
Non-migrants	4,010	190	3,785	40	0	205
Migrants	10,535	1,005	9,420	95	10	1,050
Internal migrants	10,075	930	9,045	90	10	975
Intraprovincial migrants	9,755	780	8,880	80	15	820
Interprovincial migrants	320	150	165	10	0	155
External migrants	455	70	375	10	0	75

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Les Pays-d'en-Haut

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.0%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.