Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	110,815	87,355	22,495	785	180	22,890
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
0 to 14 years	17,740	14,915	2,505	250	70	2,630
0 to 4 years	5,730	4,935	635	100	60	685
5 to 9 years	6,130	5,085	950	80	10	990
10 to 14 years	5,880	4,895	920	60	0	955
15 to 64 years	70,360	56,025	13,835	450	45	14,060
15 to 19 years	6,135	5,185	895	55	0	920
20 to 24 years	6,300	5,315	935	35	10	955
25 to 29 years	5,840	4,885	915	30	10	930
30 to 34 years	5,745	4,605	1,070	70	0	1,105
35 to 39 years	5,675	4,555	1,060	60	0	1,085
40 to 44 years	6,170	4,885	1,265	25	0	1,275
45 to 49 years	6,930	5,370	1,525	35	0	1,545
50 to 54 years	9,345	7,280	2,025	35	0	2,045
55 to 59 years	9,620	7,515	2,045	50	10	2,070
60 to 64 years	8,600	6,435	2,095	60	0	2,125
65 years and over	22,715	16,410	6,150	85	65	6,195
65 to 69 years	8,040	5,905	2,080	30	20	2,100
70 to 74 years	5,750	4,020	1,700	25	10	1,710
75 to 79 years	4,170	2,985	1,170	10	0	1,175
80 to 84 years	2,570	1,960	580	15	20	580
85 years and over	2,175	1,535	625	0	10	625
85 to 89 years	1,550	1,080	460	0	0	465
90 to 94 years	515	375	140	0	0	140
95 to 99 years	80	55	20	0	10	20
100 years and over	30	25	0	0	0	10
Average age	43.3	42.1	48.7	33.3	39.0	not applicable ...
Median age	46.4	44.3	52.7	33.1	26.7	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	93,070	72,440	19,985	540	110	20,260
Married or living common law	57,075	43,400	13,305	285	85	13,445
Married	45,820	34,635	10,870	235	75	10,990
Living common law	11,250	8,765	2,435	45	10	2,455
Not married and not living common law	36,000	29,040	6,685	255	20	6,815
Never married	21,520	17,890	3,445	180	0	3,535
Separated	2,975	2,350	595	25	0	610
Divorced	5,645	4,460	1,160	25	0	1,170
Widowed	5,855	4,340	1,485	20	10	1,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	93,070	72,440	19,985	540	105	20,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,495	69,400	19,510	490	100	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,922	38,591	40,457	29,726	14,524	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,761	30,260	33,337	22,135	14,463	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,515	69,405	19,515	495	100	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,493	33,181	34,887	26,103	14,198	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,235	27,860	30,102	21,506	14,413	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,740	59,200	17,150	360	25	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,227	37,180	37,540	31,778	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,594	29,126	30,942	24,317	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,960	52,565	14,900	410	85	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,221	9,073	9,752	7,962	13,296	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,453	8,239	9,622	6,125	14,431	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,215	47,990	12,920	295	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,183	36,862	38,514	31,423	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,516	29,827	33,512	25,588	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	82.0	82.2	81.6	78.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	65.3	66.1	63.1	63.6	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	18.0	17.8	18.4	21.9	82.4	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	93,070	72,440	19,990	540	105	20,255
Without total income	3,575	3,040	480	45	10	505
With total income	89,495	69,395	19,505	495	100	19,755
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.8	97.6	91.7	95.2	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,160	9,165	1,855	125	too unreliable to be published F	1,915
$10,000 to $19,999	18,005	13,970	3,865	105	too unreliable to be published F	3,920
$20,000 to $29,999	14,650	11,250	3,300	85	too unreliable to be published F	3,350
$30,000 to $39,999	11,660	9,285	2,320	50	too unreliable to be published F	2,340
$40,000 to $49,999	10,025	7,635	2,355	35	too unreliable to be published F	2,375
$50,000 to $59,999	7,275	5,340	1,900	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,915
$60,000 to $69,999	5,125	3,880	1,220	25	too unreliable to be published F	1,230
$70,000 to $79,999	3,485	2,640	835	15	too unreliable to be published F	840
$80,000 to $89,999	2,365	1,765	585	10	too unreliable to be published F	595
$90,000 to $99,999	1,985	1,475	505	0	too unreliable to be published F	505
$100,000 and over	3,775	2,990	760	25	too unreliable to be published F	770
$100,000 to $149,999	2,845	2,255	565	25	too unreliable to be published F	575
$150,000 and over	930	735	195	0	too unreliable to be published F	195
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	93,070	72,440	19,985	540	105	20,255
Without after-tax income	3,560	3,030	470	45	10	495
With after-tax income	89,510	69,405	19,515	495	95	19,760
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.8	97.6	91.7	90.5	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,475	9,370	1,965	125	too unreliable to be published F	2,020
$10,000 to $19,999	18,800	14,665	3,970	105	too unreliable to be published F	4,025
$20,000 to $29,999	17,020	13,120	3,795	95	too unreliable to be published F	3,840
$30,000 to $39,999	13,880	10,890	2,930	65	too unreliable to be published F	2,955
$40,000 to $49,999	10,560	7,785	2,735	40	too unreliable to be published F	2,755
$50,000 to $59,999	6,915	5,275	1,615	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,635
$60,000 to $69,999	4,200	3,170	1,010	15	too unreliable to be published F	1,020
$70,000 to $79,999	2,735	2,055	675	0	too unreliable to be published F	675
$80,000 and over	3,920	3,080	830	20	too unreliable to be published F	835
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	1,240	395	10	too unreliable to be published F	395
$90,000 to $99,999	810	650	145	10	too unreliable to be published F	150
$100,000 and over	1,475	1,185	280	10	too unreliable to be published F	285
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	93,075	72,435	19,985	540	110	20,260
Without employment income	31,855	24,445	7,065	240	100	7,190
With employment income	61,215	47,990	12,920	300	10	13,070
Percentage with employment income	65.8	66.3	64.6	55.6	9.1	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,640	7,500	2,095	40	too unreliable to be published F	2,115
$5,000 to $9,999	4,875	3,995	855	25	too unreliable to be published F	870
$10,000 to $19,999	8,330	6,610	1,650	65	too unreliable to be published F	1,680
$20,000 to $29,999	7,410	6,020	1,355	35	too unreliable to be published F	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	7,515	6,035	1,445	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,460
$40,000 to $49,999	6,555	4,935	1,590	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,605
$50,000 to $59,999	4,815	3,635	1,150	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,165
$60,000 to $69,999	3,485	2,655	810	15	too unreliable to be published F	815
$70,000 to $79,999	2,540	1,935	605	0	too unreliable to be published F	605
$80,000 and over	6,055	4,665	1,365	20	too unreliable to be published F	1,380
$80,000 to $89,999	1,740	1,340	390	0	too unreliable to be published F	395
$90,000 to $99,999	1,640	1,185	455	10	too unreliable to be published F	450
$100,000 and over	2,675	2,135	525	15	too unreliable to be published F	530
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	93,070	72,435	19,985	540	105	20,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	29,820	23,395	6,300	125	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	47,364	46,522	50,109	43,704	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	54,138	53,670	55,969	50,244	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	185	22,885
English only	66,745	66,745	0	0	0	0
French only	1,300	0	1,300	0	0	1,305
English and French	42,570	20,590	21,195	785	0	21,590
Neither English nor French	195	15	0	0	180	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	110,810	87,355	22,495	785	185	22,890
English	93,770	84,445	9,330	0	0	9,330
French	12,560	305	12,255	0	0	12,260
Non-official language	2,050	1,465	35	365	180	220
Aboriginal	110	105	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,940	1,360	35	360	180	215
English and French	1,405	220	850	340	0	1,020
English and non-official language	895	890	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	110	30	0	80	0	45
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	110,815	87,355	22,495	785	185	22,890
None	92,555	79,805	12,060	555	140	12,335
English	6,580	785	5,605	160	30	5,690
French	9,555	4,840	4,705	10	0	4,710
Non-official language	1,930	1,820	90	10	10	90
Aboriginal	310	305	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,620	1,515	90	10	10	95
English and French	55	10	0	50	0	20
English and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	20
French and non-official language	90	75	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
English	80,485	80,470	15	0	0	15
French	22,700	510	22,185	0	0	22,185
Non-official language	5,475	4,735	120	440	180	345
Aboriginal	395	390	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,080	4,345	115	435	180	335
English and French	1,645	1,165	150	330	0	315
English and non-official language	440	435	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	45	30	0	15	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,885
Official languages	110,615	87,340	22,495	785	0	22,885
English	109,315	87,335	21,190	785	0	21,590
French	43,870	20,590	22,495	785	0	22,890
Non-official languages	7,970	6,590	725	465	180	960
Aboriginal languages	805	790	10	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,175	5,815	715	465	180	945
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	110,810	87,355	22,495	785	180	22,890
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	4,845	4,205	615	15	15	620
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	4,695	4,075	590	10	15	595
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	3,450	3,180	260	15	10	265
Métis	1,140	825	315	0	0	320
Inuk (Inuit)	105	75	15	0	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	75	55	20	0	0	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	75	70	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	105,965	83,145	21,880	775	165	22,265
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	110,810	87,355	22,495	785	180	22,890
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,825	2,660	165	0	0	165
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	107,985	84,690	22,330	780	180	22,720
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	2,235	2,035	185	0	15	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	2,220	2,035	165	10	15	170
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	2,020	1,920	95	0	10	100
Métis single ancestry	150	90	65	0	0	60
Inuit single ancestry	45	20	10	0	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	25	0	20	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	5,795	4,530	1,240	20	0	1,255
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	5,660	4,440	1,205	20	0	1,210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,260	3,445	810	10	0	810
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,315	915	380	10	0	390
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	75	10	0	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	135	90	40	0	0	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	95	35	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	102,780	80,780	21,070	760	165	21,450
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,885
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	109,055	85,775	22,415	725	130	22,775
Canadian citizens only	107,345	84,320	22,290	615	115	22,600
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,710	1,460	120	115	15	180
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,760	1,570	85	55	50	110
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	103,310	80,555	22,175	500	80	22,425
Immigrants^Footnote 42	7,170	6,495	310	280	90	450
Before 1981	3,845	3,610	145	80	15	185
1981 to 1990	865	740	65	45	10	95
1991 to 2000	980	860	60	50	10	80
2001 to 2010	1,075	945	20	80	35	55
2001 to 2005	575	510	10	35	20	25
2006 to 2010	500	430	10	45	10	30
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	400	340	15	25	20	30
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	330	300	10	10	10	20
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	7,170	6,495	310	280	90	450
Under 5 years	1,050	955	45	45	10	70
5 to 14 years	1,575	1,445	50	80	0	85
15 to 24 years	1,735	1,585	85	60	0	115
25 to 44 years	2,485	2,245	115	100	25	165
45 years and over	325	260	20	0	55	20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	7,170	6,495	310	280	90	450
Americas	1,150	1,080	60	10	0	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	50	45	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	0	20	0	0	20
Jamaica	50	50	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	20	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	45	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	845	805	40	0	0	40
Other places of birth in Americas	95	90	0	0	0	0
Europe	4,045	3,725	190	115	15	245
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	30	25	0	0	0	0
France	95	40	40	0	10	45
Germany	430	375	25	30	0	40
Greece	105	90	0	0	10	10
Hungary	75	70	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	60	55	0	0	0	0
Italy	195	170	10	20	10	10
Netherlands	665	665	0	0	0	0
Poland	90	75	0	20	0	10
Portugal	80	65	0	10	0	10
Romania	40	30	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,470	1,470	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	670	555	100	15	0	105
Africa	235	160	50	30	0	65
Algeria	15	0	10	10	0	15
Egypt	40	30	10	0	0	10
Ethiopia	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	0	20	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	65	30	0	0	35
Asia	1,695	1,485	10	125	70	75
Afghanistan	30	20	10	0	10	0
Bangladesh	70	55	0	15	0	10
China^Footnote 51	140	115	0	0	25	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	25	25	0	0	0	0
India	225	215	0	10	10	0
Iran^Footnote 53	45	25	0	15	0	10
Iraq	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	30	0	15	0	10
Pakistan	485	430	0	45	10	20
Philippines	175	170	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	240	215	0	15	15	10
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	95	10	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	45	45	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	400	335	15	30	20	30
Americas	85	75	0	0	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	75	70	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	60	0	10	10	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	215	180	0	20	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	30	15	10	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	40	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 65	15	0	0	15	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	40	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	20	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
First generation^Footnote 71	7,935	7,190	355	290	100	505
Second generation^Footnote 72	11,900	10,950	705	195	55	805
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	90,975	69,215	21,430	300	25	21,580
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	3,445	3,000	165	205	80	265
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,385	1,190	70	90	25	120
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	515	445	35	25	10	50
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	865	745	40	70	20	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,370	1,205	85	40	35	105
Refugees^Footnote 79	610	530	0	60	20	35
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	80	70	0	15	0	10
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	3,865	3,295	160	265	145	295
South Asian^Footnote 83	1,745	1,505	25	150	70	100
Chinese	295	235	25	10	30	30
Black	690	600	80	15	0	85
Filipino	265	230	15	10	10	25
Latin American	125	115	10	10	0	10
Arab	140	95	10	35	0	25
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	115	110	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	185	115	10	45	25	25
Korean	35	30	0	0	10	0
Japanese	65	65	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	70	70	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	135	135	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	106,945	84,060	22,330	520	35	22,595
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	110,810	87,350	22,495	785	180	22,890
North American Aboriginal origins	8,030	6,570	1,425	25	15	1,440
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,435	5,465	955	10	0	960
Inuit	135	95	30	0	15	25
Métis	1,620	1,105	505	10	0	505
Other North American origins	55,935	40,455	15,240	230	10	15,355
Acadian	160	110	40	0	0	45
American	1,270	1,140	110	10	0	115
Canadian	54,970	39,660	15,085	225	0	15,195
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	40	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	15	15	0	0	20
Québécois	75	45	25	0	0	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	74,500	61,280	12,820	370	30	13,005
British Isles origins	50,060	46,390	3,515	155	0	3,590
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	15	0	0	0	0
English	23,295	21,735	1,505	55	10	1,530
Irish	22,075	20,335	1,635	100	0	1,685
Manx	35	35	0	0	0	0
Scottish	23,580	22,520	1,010	50	0	1,035
Welsh	1,410	1,380	30	0	0	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	2,455	2,345	85	20	0	100
French origins	31,970	20,250	11,540	170	0	11,630
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	15	0	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	31,950	20,245	11,530	170	10	11,615
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,080	15,005	980	90	10	1,025
Austrian	335	315	10	0	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	365	250	110	0	0	110
Dutch	6,630	6,445	185	0	0	180
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	95	95	0	0	0	0
German	9,285	8,675	570	50	0	590
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	920	735	150	35	0	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,425	1,345	75	10	0	75
Danish	365	335	30	10	0	30
Finnish	215	215	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	80	80	10	0	0	10
Norwegian	375	365	10	0	0	10
Swedish	420	390	25	0	0	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	75	60	10	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	3,965	3,720	190	50	10	215
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	10
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	100	100	0	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	55	55	0	0	0	0
Estonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	620	560	50	10	0	55
Latvian	95	95	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	115	110	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,695	1,610	70	25	0	75
Romanian	180	160	10	0	0	15
Russian	330	315	25	0	0	20
Slovak	130	130	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	940	885	45	10	0	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,130	3,585	460	60	20	495
Albanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	95	70	10	10	0	10
Cypriot	20	0	15	0	0	0
Greek	455	410	35	10	0	40
Italian	2,620	2,280	305	25	0	325
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	30	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	25	25	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	360	315	35	10	0	40
Serbian	25	20	0	10	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Spanish	470	380	75	10	10	80
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	80	75	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	370	320	45	10	0	50
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	130	130	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	195	150	40	10	0	45
Caribbean origins	515	480	25	15	10	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	105	95	0	0	0	10
Bermudan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	0	10	0	0
Dominican	40	35	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	55	35	20	10	0	20
Jamaican	160	160	0	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	20	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	35	35	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	325	305	20	0	0	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	25	10	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	115	100	15	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	45	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	685	550	90	40	0	110
Central and West African origins	75	50	25	0	0	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	0	25	0	0	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	170	100	25	40	0	45
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	15
Berber	10	0	0	10	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	80	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	15	0	25	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	160	140	15	0	0	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	55	60	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	275	255	20	0	0	25
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	55	55	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	220	200	25	0	0	20
Asian origins	3,415	2,930	80	260	140	215
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	740	595	25	100	20	75
Afghan	65	55	0	0	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	105	70	0	30	0	20
Armenian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	50	0	25	10	20
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	40	35	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	250	215	10	25	0	20
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	45	35	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	30	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	45	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	25	25	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,775	1,545	15	145	75	85
Bangladeshi	70	45	0	20	0	15
Bengali	35	20	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	850	760	0	50	40	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	505	425	10	55	15	35
Punjabi	40	40	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	285	250	0	25	15	10
Tamil	30	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	80	80	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	920	805	45	25	40	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	400	340	25	10	25	30
Filipino	310	265	20	0	10	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	110	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	25	0	0	10	0
Laotian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	30	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	85	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	35	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	40	40	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	110	110	0	0	0	0
Australian	100	100	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	93,070	72,440	19,985	540	110	20,255
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,885	16,120	4,575	130	60	4,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	29,220	22,965	6,065	165	30	6,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,970	33,355	9,345	245	20	9,470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,285	6,330	1,915	40	0	1,935
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	4,190	3,165	1,010	10	0	1,020
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	4,090	3,160	905	30	0	915
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,700	17,915	4,705	80	0	4,745
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,725	1,260	450	10	10	455
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,260	7,855	2,280	120	10	2,340
Bachelor's degree	7,360	5,600	1,665	85	10	1,710
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	805	575	215	15	0	220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	155	50	0	0	45
Master's degree	1,690	1,345	325	15	0	330
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	215	180	30	0	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	93,070	72,440	19,990	540	105	20,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	50,105	39,085	10,640	290	90	10,785
Education	3,145	2,160	955	25	0	975
13. Education	3,145	2,160	955	25	0	970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,055	870	165	20	0	175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	225	205	20	0	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	830	660	145	20	0	155
Humanities	1,540	1,130	375	25	10	395
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	60	55	0	0	60
23. English language and literature/letters	395	335	45	10	0	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	380	120	0	10	120
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	50	20	0	0	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	120	15	0	0	15
54. History	210	155	55	0	0	55
55. French language and literature/letters	90	20	65	0	0	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,190	3,310	870	10	10	875
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	30	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	220	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,110	885	225	0	0	220
22. Legal professions and studies	670	540	115	10	0	120
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	265	175	95	0	0	95
42. Psychology	695	550	150	0	0	150
45. Social sciences	1,180	905	270	0	0	270
Business, management and public administration	7,945	5,985	1,920	35	0	1,935
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	25	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,100	810	280	10	0	285
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,825	5,150	1,635	30	0	1,655
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,025	855	160	10	0	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	445	370	70	10	0	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	105	30	0	0	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	340	295	45	0	0	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	75	20	0	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,040	830	210	0	0	210
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	875	695	180	0	0	180
25. Library science	65	60	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	75	20	0	0	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,640	7,550	2,030	60	0	2,060
04. Architecture and related services	145	120	25	0	0	30
14. Engineering	795	635	125	25	0	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,100	1,645	450	10	0	450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,285	1,750	535	10	0	535
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,035	2,420	605	10	0	610
48. Precision production	1,275	980	285	10	0	290
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,670	1,360	305	10	0	315
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,335	1,110	210	10	0	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	250	90	0	0	90
Health and related fields	7,880	6,345	1,505	25	0	1,520
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	470	375	90	0	0	95
51. Health professions and related programs	7,365	5,940	1,405	25	0	1,420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	35	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,830	2,965	845	15	0	855
12. Personal and culinary services	1,880	1,405	455	20	0	465
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	10	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	1,000	780	220	0	0	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	900	740	165	0	0	165
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	93,070	72,435	19,985	540	105	20,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,105	39,080	10,635	295	90	10,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	42,970	33,355	9,350	245	20	9,470
Location of study inside Canada	40,150	30,835	9,150	165	0	9,235
Same as province or territory of residence	34,115	26,640	7,400	80	0	7,440
Different than province or territory of residence	6,035	4,195	1,750	85	0	1,795
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,815	2,520	200	80	15	240
United States^Footnote 130	940	830	95	15	0	100
Philippines	85	85	0	0	0	0
India	115	115	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	530	525	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	45	40	0	0	10	0
France	30	10	20	0	0	25
Other	1,065	920	75	65	10	105
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	93,070	72,440	19,990	540	110	not applicable ...
In the labour force	55,175	43,495	11,355	305	20	not applicable ...
Employed	50,890	39,925	10,675	285	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,285	3,570	680	25	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	37,895	28,940	8,630	235	90	not applicable ...
Participation rate	59.3	60.0	56.8	56.5	18.2	not applicable ...
Employment rate	54.7	55.1	53.4	52.8	9.1	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.2	6.0	8.2	50.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	93,070	72,435	19,985	540	105	20,255
Did not work^Footnote 135	35,720	27,145	8,235	235	100	8,350
Worked	57,355	45,290	11,750	305	0	11,905
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	30,680	24,070	6,470	135	10	6,540
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	26,675	21,220	5,285	170	0	5,365
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.0	43.8	39.6	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	59,055	46,650	12,055	335	10	12,225
a.Management	6,030	4,825	1,165	45	0	1,185
00 Senior management occupations	430	335	90	10	0	90
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,330	1,055	265	0	0	270
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,925	1,560	350	15	0	360
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,350	1,875	460	20	0	465
b.Professional	6,815	5,175	1,580	60	0	1,605
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	965	735	225	0	0	225
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	890	740	130	15	0	140
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,165	975	190	0	0	190
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	375	295	75	0	0	80
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,965	1,360	585	20	0	595
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,105	805	295	0	0	300
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	355	265	70	20	0	80
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,435	4,300	1,105	35	0	1,120
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,400	1,125	265	15	0	265
32 Technical occupations in health	1,240	970	260	10	0	265
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,245	900	335	10	0	340
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	675	550	120	10	0	125
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	875	745	130	0	0	130
d.Administration and administrative support	7,290	5,205	2,025	55	0	2,055
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,880	2,030	835	20	0	845
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	540	410	125	0	0	130
14 Office support occupations	2,505	1,765	725	15	0	735
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,360	1,005	335	15	0	345
e.Sales	5,840	4,815	985	35	0	1,010
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,010	775	235	0	0	235
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,250	1,880	365	0	0	365
66 Sales support occupations	2,580	2,165	390	25	0	405
f.Personal and customer information services	10,805	8,595	2,160	45	0	2,185
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,395	1,130	255	10	0	265
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,255	980	280	0	0	280
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,770	1,365	385	20	0	395
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,645	2,020	615	10	0	620
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,750	3,105	630	10	0	635
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	5,005	4,020	965	25	0	975
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,945	2,360	575	15	0	585
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,060	1,665	390	10	0	390
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,695	5,395	1,275	25	0	1,285
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,735	1,390	330	0	0	335
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,675	2,935	730	20	0	735
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,285	1,070	210	0	0	210
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,765	1,505	250	10	0	255
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	215	195	20	0	0	25
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	920	770	135	10	10	140
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	635	540	90	0	0	90
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,370	2,815	545	0	0	555
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	440	375	70	0	0	70
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	925	730	200	0	0	200
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	655	555	90	0	0	95
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,345	1,160	190	0	0	185
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	59,050	46,655	12,055	335	10	12,225
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,850	2,335	490	25	10	500
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	2,670	2,170	475	25	10	480
113 Forestry and logging	45	45	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	15	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	120	105	15	0	0	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	75	20	0	0	15
211 Oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	35	20	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	35	25	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	485	425	60	0	0	60
221 Utilities	485	425	60	0	0	60
23 Construction	5,195	4,245	925	20	0	935
236 Construction of buildings	1,370	1,080	280	15	0	285
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	825	740	90	0	0	85
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,000	2,435	560	0	0	560
31-33 Manufacturing	5,620	4,535	1,060	20	0	1,075
311 Food manufacturing	1,290	1,055	230	0	0	235
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	50	40	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	225	200	25	0	0	25
314 Textile product mills	35	35	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	10	15	0	0	15
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	535	350	180	10	0	185
322 Paper manufacturing	180	160	25	0	0	25
323 Printing and related support activities	130	120	15	0	0	15
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	20	10	0	0	10
325 Chemical manufacturing	345	255	80	10	0	85
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	330	250	80	0	0	80
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	145	115	30	0	0	30
331 Primary metal manufacturing	135	115	20	0	0	15
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	340	280	60	0	0	60
333 Machinery manufacturing	195	150	45	0	0	45
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	540	465	70	0	0	70
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	70	65	10	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	210	165	45	0	0	45
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	415	330	90	0	0	90
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	405	360	40	0	0	45
41 Wholesale trade	1,990	1,525	445	20	0	450
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	50	35	15	0	0	15
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	60	50	15	0	0	15
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	245	200	35	10	0	40
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	115	105	10	0	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	265	175	90	10	0	90
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	290	215	70	0	0	70
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	575	450	125	0	0	125
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	355	265	85	0	0	85
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	30	10	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,760	6,400	1,300	65	0	1,330
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	895	700	195	0	0	200
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	210	160	50	0	0	50
443 Electronics and appliance stores	120	110	10	0	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	670	565	100	0	0	100
445 Food and beverage stores	1,575	1,280	270	25	0	285
446 Health and personal care stores	665	505	155	10	0	155
447 Gasoline stations	390	350	35	10	0	35
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	480	410	75	0	0	75
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	215	180	30	0	0	35
452 General merchandise stores	1,880	1,590	270	25	0	280
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	495	415	85	0	0	80
454 Non-store retailers	170	145	25	0	0	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,980	3,145	820	15	0	825
481 Air transportation	130	105	25	0	0	25
482 Rail transportation	55	35	15	0	0	15
483 Water transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,365	1,070	285	0	0	290
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	735	570	160	0	0	160
486 Pipeline transportation	25	20	10	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	490	390	95	0	0	95
491 Postal service	250	175	75	0	0	75
492 Couriers and messengers	180	150	30	0	0	30
493 Warehousing and storage	745	615	130	0	0	130
51 Information and cultural industries	695	555	120	20	0	130
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	180	140	40	0	0	40
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	80	60	0	20	0	15
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	30	30	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	280	230	45	0	0	45
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	25	20	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	95	75	20	0	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	1,300	945	355	0	0	355
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	15	15	10	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	730	495	230	0	0	230
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	120	105	15	0	0	15
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	430	325	100	0	0	100
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	805	640	160	10	0	165
531 Real estate	660	530	120	10	0	125
532 Rental and leasing services	140	100	40	0	0	40
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,270	1,815	435	15	0	445
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,275	1,820	435	15	0	445
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	30	0	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	35	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,890	2,285	595	10	0	600
561 Administrative and support services	2,665	2,115	545	10	0	545
562 Waste management and remediation services	220	175	50	0	0	50
61 Educational services	3,715	2,550	1,145	20	0	1,155
611 Educational services	3,715	2,550	1,145	25	0	1,155
62 Health care and social assistance	7,715	5,995	1,690	35	0	1,705
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,105	1,565	525	15	0	535
622 Hospitals	2,010	1,610	390	10	0	390
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,225	1,815	400	10	0	405
624 Social assistance	1,380	1,000	365	15	0	375
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,140	970	165	10	0	165
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	205	165	35	10	0	35
712 Heritage institutions	295	255	35	0	0	40
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	640	550	90	0	0	95
72 Accommodation and food services	3,910	3,305	570	30	10	585
721 Accommodation services	445	375	70	10	0	70
722 Food services and drinking places	3,460	2,930	500	25	10	510
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,620	2,005	605	10	0	610
811 Repair and maintenance	1,085	840	240	10	0	245
812 Personal and laundry services	765	570	190	0	0	195
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	645	500	145	10	0	145
814 Private households	120	95	25	0	0	25
91 Public administration	3,980	2,865	1,095	25	0	1,110
911 Federal government public administration	1,885	1,260	600	25	0	615
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	460	315	140	0	0	145
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,575	1,220	350	10	0	350
914 Aboriginal public administration	60	55	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	50,890	39,920	10,675	280	10	10,815
Worked at home	4,135	3,250	825	65	0	855
Worked outside Canada	230	200	25	0	0	25
No fixed workplace address	5,745	4,505	1,210	30	0	1,230
Worked at usual place	40,775	31,970	8,615	180	10	8,705
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	59,050	46,650	12,055	335	0	12,225
English	52,185	44,910	7,150	125	10	7,210
French	4,210	620	3,540	55	0	3,565
Non-official language	95	65	0	15	10	15
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	50	10	15	0	15
English and French	2,400	925	1,365	110	0	1,420
English and non-official language	130	125	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	0	30	0	15
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	59,055	46,650	12,055	335	10	12,225
None	44,485	39,645	4,600	230	10	4,715
English	2,885	495	2,360	30	0	2,375
French	11,370	6,240	5,075	60	0	5,105
Non-official language	240	230	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal	65	65	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	165	10	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	0	10	10	0	15
French and non-official language	45	30	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,775	31,970	8,615	180	10	8,705
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,850	15,500	4,270	75	10	4,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,225	9,090	2,090	50	0	2,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,170	6,335	1,815	15	10	1,825
Commute to a different province or territory	1,520	1,040	445	40	0	465
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	46,525	36,475	9,830	210	10	9,930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,405	30,640	8,590	175	0	8,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,115	2,640	460	15	0	465
Public transit	1,050	825	220	0	0	225
Walked	2,265	1,835	415	15	0	425
Bicycle	275	225	45	0	0	45
Other method	410	310	95	0	0	100
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	46,520	36,470	9,830	210	10	9,935
Less than 15 minutes	17,875	13,765	4,020	90	0	4,065
15 to 29 minutes	14,260	11,290	2,920	55	0	2,945
30 to 44 minutes	6,455	5,195	1,250	10	0	1,255
45 to 59 minutes	3,415	2,715	685	10	0	690
60 minutes and over	4,515	3,510	955	55	0	985
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	46,520	36,475	9,825	210	0	9,935
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,100	4,035	1,050	15	0	1,055
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,695	8,605	2,045	40	0	2,065
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,935	8,985	2,900	55	0	2,930
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,420	5,670	1,725	30	0	1,740
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,325	2,650	655	20	0	665
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,045	6,535	1,450	60	0	1,475
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	109,635	86,345	22,365	765	155	22,750
Non-movers	97,225	76,300	20,185	615	120	20,495
Movers	12,415	10,045	2,180	150	35	2,255
Non-migrants	7,280	6,075	1,100	95	10	1,150
Migrants	5,130	3,975	1,080	55	25	1,105
Internal migrants	4,955	3,825	1,065	50	25	1,090
Intraprovincial migrants	3,910	3,035	840	20	15	850
Interprovincial migrants	1,045	785	220	30	10	235
External migrants	170	150	15	0	0	20
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	105,080	82,420	21,860	680	120	22,205
Non-movers	70,495	54,705	15,405	335	55	15,575
Movers	34,580	27,715	6,450	350	65	6,625
Non-migrants	18,925	15,480	3,270	155	20	3,355
Migrants	15,655	12,235	3,175	195	50	3,275
Internal migrants	15,075	11,745	3,130	160	35	3,210
Intraprovincial migrants	11,765	9,300	2,420	35	20	2,430
Interprovincial migrants	3,310	2,450	715	130	15	780
External migrants	575	485	45	30	15	65

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.