Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Prescott and Russell

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,505
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	87,260	27,885	55,280	1,510
0 to 14 years	14,990	5,570	8,720	525
0 to 4 years	4,835	1,785	2,785	215
5 to 9 years	5,170	1,955	3,020	135
10 to 14 years	4,985	1,835	2,915	175
15 to 64 years	58,420	18,910	36,940	825
15 to 19 years	5,145	1,735	3,205	125
20 to 24 years	4,665	1,590	2,900	85
25 to 29 years	4,785	1,545	3,100	85
30 to 34 years	5,020	1,785	3,015	100
35 to 39 years	5,195	1,860	3,105	80
40 to 44 years	5,595	1,855	3,470	70
45 to 49 years	6,155	2,095	3,720	80
50 to 54 years	7,940	2,485	5,075	75
55 to 59 years	7,495	2,200	4,975	75
60 to 64 years	6,435	1,755	4,395	65
65 years and over	13,845	3,405	9,615	155
65 to 69 years	5,345	1,345	3,725	65
70 to 74 years	3,840	910	2,770	50
75 to 79 years	2,375	580	1,605	15
80 to 84 years	1,350	330	925	10
85 years and over	940	240	595	15
85 to 89 years	620	145	410	15
90 to 94 years	250	80	140	0
95 to 99 years	65	10	40	0
100 years and over	10	0	0	0
Average age	41.2	38.5	42.4	30.6
Median age	43.4	39.7	45.2	26.1
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	72,270	22,320	46,560	980
Married or living common law	46,970	14,625	30,105	490
Married	35,570	11,570	22,080	405
Living common law	11,405	3,050	8,030	85
Not married and not living common law	25,300	7,690	16,455	490
Never married	16,355	5,200	10,520	330
Separated	1,945	620	1,230	30
Divorced	3,625	1,060	2,340	90
Widowed	3,375	815	2,370	40
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	72,270	22,315	46,560	985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,890	21,335	45,285	930
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,786	47,806	44,939	40,461
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,757	41,084	38,203	29,212
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,920	21,335	45,305	930
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,516	39,917	38,031	34,371
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,436	36,432	33,974	27,534
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,950	19,355	40,705	795
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,607	47,271	43,393	40,069
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,962	40,517	37,229	29,888
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,305	14,155	31,770	685
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,121	7,409	8,454	8,688
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,579	4,893	7,292	6,527
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,545	16,670	33,590	635
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,806	45,499	43,111	41,458
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,646	40,562	38,084	32,451
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.7	89.7	86.8	84.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.9	74.4	71.1	69.6
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.3	10.3	13.2	15.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	72,270	22,315	46,560	980
Without total income	2,380	980	1,275	50
With total income	69,895	21,335	45,285	930
Percentage with total income	96.7	95.6	97.3	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,735	2,765	4,505	145
$10,000 to $19,999	11,420	3,035	7,820	190
$20,000 to $29,999	8,960	2,460	5,950	145
$30,000 to $39,999	7,780	2,145	5,340	70
$40,000 to $49,999	7,745	2,325	5,035	95
$50,000 to $59,999	6,595	2,030	4,335	75
$60,000 to $69,999	5,500	1,720	3,565	60
$70,000 to $79,999	4,100	1,405	2,545	40
$80,000 to $89,999	3,065	1,045	1,915	20
$90,000 to $99,999	2,465	755	1,615	35
$100,000 and over	4,530	1,655	2,670	55
$100,000 to $149,999	3,625	1,340	2,135	45
$150,000 and over	910	325	535	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	72,270	22,320	46,560	980
Without after-tax income	2,350	975	1,255	50
With after-tax income	69,915	21,340	45,305	930
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	95.6	97.3	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,085	2,865	4,715	145
$10,000 to $19,999	11,910	3,205	8,120	190
$20,000 to $29,999	10,560	2,860	7,105	160
$30,000 to $39,999	9,800	2,820	6,545	105
$40,000 to $49,999	9,185	2,760	6,065	95
$50,000 to $59,999	7,365	2,275	4,825	85
$60,000 to $69,999	4,875	1,775	2,905	50
$70,000 to $79,999	3,420	1,090	2,185	35
$80,000 and over	4,720	1,685	2,840	60
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	745	1,320	30
$90,000 to $99,999	995	365	580	10
$100,000 and over	1,600	585	940	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	72,270	22,315	46,560	980
Without employment income	19,725	5,640	12,970	345
With employment income	52,545	16,670	33,585	640
Percentage with employment income	72.7	74.7	72.1	65.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,580	2,140	4,150	80
$5,000 to $9,999	3,690	1,065	2,375	70
$10,000 to $19,999	6,220	1,855	4,105	95
$20,000 to $29,999	5,380	1,645	3,420	65
$30,000 to $39,999	5,110	1,515	3,390	55
$40,000 to $49,999	5,320	1,700	3,420	40
$50,000 to $59,999	5,025	1,655	3,230	50
$60,000 to $69,999	4,160	1,305	2,695	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,170	1,140	1,895	40
$80,000 and over	7,885	2,650	4,910	95
$80,000 to $89,999	2,490	820	1,575	20
$90,000 to $99,999	2,185	645	1,435	30
$100,000 and over	3,210	1,185	1,895	50
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	72,270	22,315	46,560	985
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	27,610	9,195	17,205	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	55,683	57,486	55,247	60,440
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	60,116	62,321	59,295	62,209
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,510
English only	18,420	16,635	160	50
French only	9,710	40	9,575	15
English and French	59,060	11,205	45,540	1,445
Neither English nor French	65	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	87,260	27,885	55,280	1,510
English	34,290	26,625	5,880	565
French	49,530	870	48,030	410
Non-official language	795	25	50	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	795	25	55	0
English and French	1,985	280	1,205	480
English and non-official language	415	80	10	0
French and non-official language	105	0	70	0
English, French and non-official language	135	15	30	50
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,510
None	63,755	23,560	37,790	990
English	14,585	600	13,470	205
French	7,700	3,455	3,855	290
Non-official language	1,015	220	95	20
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,010	215	95	20
English and French	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	0	50	0
French and non-official language	100	50	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	87,255	27,890	55,280	1,505
English	30,655	27,845	160	580
French	55,835	40	55,120	410
English and French	700	0	0	520
Neither English nor French	60	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	56,185	40	55,120	670
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	64.4	0.1	99.7	44.5
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	87,260	27,890	55,280	1,510
Official languages	87,190	27,880	55,280	1,510
English	77,485	27,840	45,705	1,495
French	68,770	11,245	55,120	1,455
Non-official languages	4,965	940	1,380	140
Aboriginal languages	35	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,930	930	1,380	145
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,510
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	2,795	940	1,690	150
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	2,675	920	1,595	150
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	1,225	505	670	40
Métis	1,410	390	910	105
Inuk (Inuit)	40	25	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	45	10	35	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	75	15	60	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	84,460	26,945	53,590	1,360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,510
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	490	210	245	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	86,770	27,675	55,035	1,490
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	87,255	27,885	55,280	1,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	755	195	520	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	740	195	510	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	520	145	350	15
Métis single ancestry	200	40	150	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	15	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	5,270	1,750	3,285	215
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	5,130	1,700	3,205	205
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,455	1,165	2,140	135
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,615	505	1,045	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	35	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	140	50	80	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	50	80	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	81,235	25,940	51,470	1,270
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	87,255	27,890	55,280	1,510
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	86,335	27,515	55,110	1,510
Canadian citizens only	85,200	27,085	54,915	1,460
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,135	435	195	50
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	920	370	170	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	87,260	27,890	55,280	1,510
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	83,065	26,415	54,615	1,455
Immigrants^Footnote 44	4,030	1,410	635	55
Before 1981	1,830	845	175	0
1981 to 1990	565	110	85	10
1991 to 2000	620	130	105	10
2001 to 2010	745	230	210	30
2001 to 2005	325	85	80	0
2006 to 2010	420	140	130	25
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	265	90	65	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	160	60	25	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	4,035	1,410	635	55
Under 5 years	635	335	110	0
5 to 14 years	785	335	100	20
15 to 24 years	865	240	130	10
25 to 44 years	1,540	410	265	20
45 years and over	215	80	30	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	4,030	1,410	640	50
Americas	765	375	115	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	0	0	0
Guyana	20	25	0	0
Haiti	140	0	80	0
Jamaica	45	45	0	0
Mexico	50	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	315	260	35	10
Other places of birth in Americas	115	25	0	0
Europe	2,225	845	300	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0
France	160	0	150	0
Germany	245	55	15	0
Greece	60	0	0	0
Hungary	35	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	25	25	0	0
Italy	95	10	0	10
Netherlands	195	35	0	0
Poland	70	10	0	0
Portugal	45	0	10	0
Romania	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	10	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	675	665	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	450	35	95	0
Africa	395	85	170	30
Algeria	35	0	30	0
Egypt	25	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	265	35	135	30
Asia	630	95	55	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	15	0	0
China^Footnote 53	95	15	30	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	10	0	0	0
India	55	15	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	25	10	15	0
Lebanon	95	10	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	0	0
Philippines	65	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	25	20	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	265	95	65	0
Americas	100	50	20	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	0	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	50	50	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	30	20	0
France	20	0	20	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	25	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0
Africa	50	10	25	10
Algeria	10	0	10	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	0	10
Asia	45	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	87,255	27,890	55,280	1,510
First generation^Footnote 73	4,585	1,765	740	60
Second generation^Footnote 74	5,905	3,950	1,295	150
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	76,770	22,175	53,245	1,295
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	2,295	590	475	40
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	1,080	290	245	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	480	105	125	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	595	185	115	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	845	235	160	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	375	65	65	30
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	87,260	27,885	55,280	1,510
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	2,665	960	635	90
South Asian^Footnote 85	400	155	20	0
Chinese	205	60	50	10
Black	1,105	485	435	60
Filipino	130	55	0	10
Latin American	215	15	20	0
Arab	310	70	50	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	85	10	15	10
West Asian^Footnote 87	20	10	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0
Japanese	55	30	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	55	30	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	65	45	15	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	84,590	26,925	54,645	1,420
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	87,260	27,885	55,275	1,510
North American Aboriginal origins	6,020	1,945	3,810	245
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,125	1,360	2,585	160
Inuit	80	45	25	0
Métis	1,970	590	1,290	85
Other North American origins	56,760	12,960	42,875	830
Acadian	280	100	165	15
American	615	470	105	45
Canadian	56,000	12,575	42,530	795
New Brunswicker	15	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	45	45	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	155	0	150	0
Québécois	175	35	135	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0
European origins	49,360	21,540	25,205	1,000
British Isles origins	23,955	17,585	5,660	680
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0
English	11,040	8,725	1,910	390
Irish	11,925	8,325	3,200	405
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,735	7,795	1,650	285
Welsh	615	535	50	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	1,250	1,085	125	35
French origins	30,400	7,140	22,430	800
Alsatian	15	15	0	0
Breton	25	0	25	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	30,375	7,120	22,420	805
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,000	4,365	1,715	140
Austrian	170	105	20	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	530	130	360	20
Dutch	1,995	1,565	190	30
Flemish	50	0	40	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0
German	4,230	2,775	1,040	85
Luxembourger	35	0	40	0
Swiss	465	135	90	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	865	755	90	15
Danish	295	280	0	0
Finnish	175	140	25	0
Icelandic	35	30	0	0
Norwegian	155	150	10	0
Swedish	245	190	45	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	35	35	10	0
Eastern European origins	3,035	2,160	350	100
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	125	85	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	35	15	10	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0
Hungarian	400	230	55	0
Latvian	15	10	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,185	855	195	25
Romanian	105	65	10	0
Russian	395	280	15	20
Slovak	70	60	0	0
Ukrainian	1,005	795	75	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	20	25	0	0
Southern European origins	3,005	1,475	960	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	15	20	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	90	55	0
Italian	1,835	975	595	65
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0
Maltese	40	40	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	130	105	0
Serbian	45	35	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	45	25	15	0
Spanish	430	155	170	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	70	35	25	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	90	110	20
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	80	60	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	10	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	140	35	90	10
Caribbean origins	565	305	170	20
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	20	0	0
Dominican	35	20	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	195	30	115	10
Jamaican	215	165	35	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	25	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	25	20	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	20	20	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	365	160	40	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0
Chilean	30	20	0	0
Colombian	40	0	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	100	90	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	0	0	0
Mexican	70	15	10	0
Nicaraguan	50	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	0	0
African origins	960	370	390	50
Central and West African origins	210	35	145	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	10	0
Cameroonian	45	10	30	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0
Congolese	75	0	65	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	20	10	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	15	0	10	0
North African origins	210	55	110	0
Algerian	55	10	45	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	40	30	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	0	20	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	0	20	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	240	140	25	40
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	60	0	10	35
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	100	95	10	0
Tanzanian	20	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	30	30	0	0
Other African origins	320	145	115	25
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	30	10	15	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	295	135	95	25
Asian origins	1,600	635	245	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	525	245	55	0
Afghan	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	25	20	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	20	0	0
Iraqi	45	25	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	290	125	40	0
Palestinian	15	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	15	25	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	20	15	0	0
South Asian origins	460	165	65	10
Bangladeshi	55	15	0	0
Bengali	30	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	285	135	65	10
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	15	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	10	0	0
Tamil	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	615	220	125	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	0	0
Chinese	285	100	65	10
Filipino	150	70	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0
Japanese	55	30	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	50	10	0
Australian	55	45	10	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	72,270	22,315	46,560	980
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,220	3,725	10,010	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	22,355	7,175	14,340	330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,695	11,415	22,215	475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,565	1,715	4,480	95
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	3,500	835	2,455	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	3,070	875	2,025	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,365	5,660	10,820	245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,475	385	965	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,290	3,650	5,950	115
Bachelor's degree	7,690	2,760	4,480	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	790	210	510	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	50	85	10
Master's degree	1,475	520	815	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	190	100	65	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	72,270	22,315	46,560	985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	36,575	10,900	24,340	505
Education	2,960	590	2,270	25
13. Education	2,960	590	2,265	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	935	365	495	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	85	115	0
50. Visual and performing arts	730	285	380	20
Humanities	1,365	500	770	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	30	130	10
23. English language and literature/letters	225	175	40	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	370	80	255	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	15	20	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	20	50	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	30	0
54. History	270	120	140	0
55. French language and literature/letters	170	25	130	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,820	1,490	2,165	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	20	15	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	370	150	215	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	290	610	10
22. Legal professions and studies	635	270	350	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	105	20	80	0
42. Psychology	495	195	275	15
45. Social sciences	1,250	545	625	20
Business, management and public administration	6,740	2,020	4,260	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	655	220	405	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,065	1,780	3,860	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	790	380	380	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	190	160	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	60	65	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	25	10	20	0
40. Physical sciences	195	95	85	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	20	45	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,435	505	825	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,200	435	670	30
25. Library science	130	25	100	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	40	50	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,920	2,480	5,005	115
04. Architecture and related services	205	65	135	0
14. Engineering	780	330	320	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,655	600	980	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,965	440	1,450	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,450	860	1,470	35
48. Precision production	875	185	655	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,175	355	645	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	940	265	505	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	90	145	0
Health and related fields	5,105	1,690	3,150	65
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	350	140	205	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,745	1,550	2,930	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,440	1,040	2,250	55
12. Personal and culinary services	1,625	410	1,140	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	25	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	80	30	40	0
43. Security and protective services	1,140	415	675	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	550	150	370	10
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	72,270	22,315	46,560	980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,575	10,900	24,340	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	35,695	11,415	22,215	475
Location of study inside Canada	34,065	10,850	21,865	445
Same as province or territory of residence	27,615	8,560	18,055	390
Different than province or territory of residence	6,455	2,290	3,810	60
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	1,630	565	350	25
United States^Footnote 132	360	210	130	0
Philippines	40	0	0	0
India	45	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	300	255	35	0
China^Footnote 134	30	0	0	0
France	110	10	95	0
Other	750	90	90	20
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	72,270	22,320	46,560	980
In the labour force	48,170	15,455	30,585	615
Employed	45,625	14,525	29,100	575
Unemployed	2,545	935	1,490	45
Not in the labour force	24,100	6,860	15,975	360
Participation rate	66.7	69.2	65.7	62.8
Employment rate	63.1	65.1	62.5	58.7
Unemployment rate	5.3	6.0	4.9	7.3
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	72,270	22,315	46,560	980
Did not work^Footnote 137	22,385	6,375	14,800	355
Worked	49,885	15,940	31,760	625
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	28,245	9,425	17,550	330
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	21,640	6,515	14,210	295
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	44.1	44.0	41.0
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	51,090	16,360	32,495	645
a.Management	5,470	2,020	3,175	50
00 Senior management occupations	510	145	350	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,540	640	860	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,640	665	875	40
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,780	570	1,090	0
b.Professional	8,100	2,660	5,080	100
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,495	475	980	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,505	600	775	45
30 Professional occupations in nursing	805	340	430	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	350	110	225	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,165	460	1,650	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,380	540	775	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	405	140	235	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,315	1,840	3,250	75
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,410	545	780	30
32 Technical occupations in health	930	320	590	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,540	410	1,060	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	795	350	425	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	640	220	395	15
d.Administration and administrative support	7,515	2,270	5,000	65
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,670	1,095	2,460	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	495	155	325	0
14 Office support occupations	2,415	720	1,605	20
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	935	295	610	0
e.Sales	4,415	1,455	2,735	90
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	850	330	480	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,860	605	1,170	35
66 Sales support occupations	1,700	525	1,090	50
f.Personal and customer information services	8,255	2,550	5,315	110
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	875	200	630	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	965	300	640	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,380	390	880	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,150	765	1,280	40
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,885	890	1,885	40
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,970	1,510	3,245	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,075	885	2,075	35
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,895	630	1,165	25
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,160	1,215	2,805	50
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	630	195	415	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,530	770	1,665	25
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,000	250	725	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,365	430	855	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	205	80	125	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	695	190	445	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	470	160	285	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,525	415	1,035	25
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	230	95	130	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	510	140	355	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	295	70	200	20
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	485	105	355	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	51,090	16,360	32,495	645
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,880	530	1,165	20
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	1,775	500	1,105	15
113 Forestry and logging	25	0	25	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	75	25	45	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	35	60	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	70	15	55	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	15	10	0
22 Utilities	170	95	75	0
221 Utilities	170	100	70	0
23 Construction	5,555	1,440	3,925	60
236 Construction of buildings	1,600	390	1,155	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	390	145	225	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,565	905	2,540	45
31-33 Manufacturing	3,395	1,095	2,130	30
311 Food manufacturing	465	95	340	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	175	110	65	0
313 Textile mills	20	20	10	0
314 Textile product mills	45	0	30	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	170	20	135	10
322 Paper manufacturing	90	15	70	0
323 Printing and related support activities	155	70	70	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	10	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	145	50	90	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	120	60	60	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	215	45	165	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	490	150	310	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	365	95	230	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	85	35	45	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	90	30	55	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	40	15	20	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	285	125	155	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	265	70	180	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	165	70	90	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,470	545	855	20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	30	0	30	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	10	15	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	170	55	105	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	100	50	50	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	170	45	115	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	260	105	150	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	510	215	270	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	155	55	90	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	10	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,675	1,870	3,565	85
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	920	305	595	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	100	25	75	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	130	60	65	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	540	150	375	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,375	425	890	10
446 Health and personal care stores	570	125	425	0
447 Gasoline stations	190	75	100	15
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	320	80	230	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	175	80	95	0
452 General merchandise stores	920	385	485	20
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	285	115	150	0
454 Non-store retailers	145	50	85	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,405	755	1,545	20
481 Air transportation	160	75	60	0
482 Rail transportation	20	0	15	0
483 Water transportation	15	10	10	0
484 Truck transportation	615	200	395	15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	640	170	445	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	0	15	0
488 Support activities for transportation	320	110	210	0
491 Postal service	405	95	295	0
492 Couriers and messengers	115	35	55	0
493 Warehousing and storage	95	55	40	0
51 Information and cultural industries	645	260	345	15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	155	55	85	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	35	25	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	50	10	40	0
517 Telecommunications	235	130	95	15
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	10	15	0
519 Other information services	120	30	90	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,415	505	880	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	50	10	30	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	745	265	460	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	130	55	70	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	485	170	315	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	0	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	575	210	345	0
531 Real estate	435	160	270	0
532 Rental and leasing services	130	50	70	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,245	1,015	1,125	40
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,240	1,015	1,130	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,205	840	1,210	50
561 Administrative and support services	1,990	785	1,060	45
562 Waste management and remediation services	210	50	145	10
61 Educational services	4,245	850	3,270	40
611 Educational services	4,240	850	3,270	40
62 Health care and social assistance	5,675	1,625	3,840	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,430	435	950	15
622 Hospitals	1,480	480	945	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,340	350	945	0
624 Social assistance	1,425	360	1,000	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	960	360	550	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	210	100	80	0
712 Heritage institutions	140	85	45	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	610	175	425	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,775	980	1,570	80
721 Accommodation services	215	75	130	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,560	905	1,440	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,400	755	1,550	25
811 Repair and maintenance	810	230	555	0
812 Personal and laundry services	860	250	570	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	625	230	370	0
814 Private households	100	45	55	0
91 Public administration	7,285	2,580	4,470	75
911 Federal government public administration	5,360	1,990	3,200	50
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	490	135	345	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,405	450	910	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	25	0	15	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	45,625	14,520	29,100	570
Worked at home	3,435	1,175	2,020	40
Worked outside Canada	70	30	35	0
No fixed workplace address	5,205	1,625	3,310	90
Worked at usual place	36,910	11,690	23,735	445
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	51,085	16,360	32,495	645
English	25,880	14,525	9,925	225
French	20,195	1,150	18,725	140
Non-official language	65	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	0	0	0
English and French	4,855	670	3,825	280
English and non-official language	55	10	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	15	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	51,090	16,360	32,495	650
None	24,720	11,505	11,725	400
English	13,730	905	12,585	80
French	12,465	3,915	8,110	160
Non-official language	140	25	55	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	20	55	10
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	0	25	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	36,915	11,690	23,735	445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,480	2,090	7,055	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,135	1,365	5,485	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,900	7,515	9,625	200
Commute to a different province or territory	2,395	710	1,575	15
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	42,120	13,315	27,045	530
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,775	11,250	23,075	440
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,695	950	1,640	30
Public transit	1,635	560	980	15
Walked	1,470	390	990	35
Bicycle	135	25	100	0
Other method	420	140	265	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	42,120	13,315	27,045	530
Less than 15 minutes	11,075	2,415	8,265	160
15 to 29 minutes	8,620	2,660	5,555	105
30 to 44 minutes	10,500	3,865	6,190	160
45 to 59 minutes	6,805	2,650	3,895	75
60 minutes and over	5,125	1,730	3,140	40
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	42,120	13,315	27,050	535
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,150	1,695	3,250	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,520	3,755	7,360	135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,970	3,650	7,880	135
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,850	1,670	3,915	85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,485	890	1,435	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,135	1,660	3,210	95
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	86,295	27,530	54,740	1,445
Non-movers	77,655	24,415	49,595	1,290
Movers	8,635	3,120	5,150	160
Non-migrants	3,915	1,205	2,560	85
Migrants	4,725	1,910	2,585	75
Internal migrants	4,555	1,835	2,555	70
Intraprovincial migrants	3,695	1,545	2,015	65
Interprovincial migrants	865	290	545	0
External migrants	165	75	30	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	82,420	26,105	52,495	1,290
Non-movers	54,615	16,380	35,905	775
Movers	27,810	9,720	16,590	520
Non-migrants	12,135	3,295	8,320	260
Migrants	15,675	6,425	8,265	260
Internal migrants	15,155	6,120	8,175	260
Intraprovincial migrants	11,805	4,920	6,295	215
Interprovincial migrants	3,350	1,205	1,875	45
External migrants	520	310	90	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Prescott and Russell

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.