Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Oshawa, CY
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
0 to 14 years	26,520	25,865	305	195	155	400
0 to 4 years	8,755	8,465	110	35	150	125
5 to 9 years	9,120	8,950	110	55	10	140
10 to 14 years	8,640	8,455	90	100	0	140
15 to 64 years	106,040	103,590	1,870	265	315	2,005
15 to 19 years	9,175	9,040	85	55	0	105
20 to 24 years	10,605	10,460	100	30	15	115
25 to 29 years	10,425	10,240	125	35	30	135
30 to 34 years	10,335	10,155	140	20	15	155
35 to 39 years	10,010	9,765	210	20	10	220
40 to 44 years	10,000	9,725	190	65	25	220
45 to 49 years	10,770	10,535	195	15	25	200
50 to 54 years	13,035	12,665	310	10	55	320
55 to 59 years	12,010	11,625	295	10	75	300
60 to 64 years	9,680	9,380	225	10	65	225
65 years and over	25,075	23,850	710	45	470	730
65 to 69 years	8,435	8,110	220	0	100	220
70 to 74 years	6,000	5,770	120	0	95	125
75 to 79 years	4,515	4,325	110	10	65	120
80 to 84 years	3,375	3,120	150	10	95	150
85 years and over	2,755	2,520	105	0	115	110
85 to 89 years	1,845	1,690	80	0	70	80
90 to 94 years	760	700	20	0	30	20
95 to 99 years	140	125	0	0	15	10
100 years and over	15	15	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.5	40.3	48.6	28.4	56.2	not applicable ...
Median age	40.9	40.6	51.6	20.6	65.1	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	131,110	127,435	2,575	310	790	2,735
Married or living common law	71,010	68,735	1,615	165	490	1,700
Married	56,655	54,755	1,265	155	480	1,345
Living common law	14,350	13,975	355	10	10	360
Not married and not living common law	60,105	58,705	965	140	295	1,030
Never married	38,125	37,490	480	120	35	540
Separated	5,215	5,090	110	0	10	110
Divorced	9,470	9,220	170	10	65	175
Widowed	7,295	6,905	195	10	185	200
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	131,110	127,440	2,580	305	790	2,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	124,845	121,310	2,520	265	755	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,552	42,596	48,790	30,582	18,879	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,348	33,428	40,194	22,484	16,194	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	124,890	121,350	2,525	265	755	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,875	35,904	40,826	27,075	17,731	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,351	30,412	36,058	22,435	16,194	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,835	105,905	2,275	235	420	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,878	41,912	46,342	28,715	16,368	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,074	32,124	38,244	18,246	8,966	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,365	90,680	1,780	220	690	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,083	8,032	9,848	6,502	10,646	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,309	6,201	9,844	3,222	12,301	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	91,675	89,395	1,860	180	240	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,964	40,944	45,581	31,648	19,604	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,004	31,940	40,918	22,343	8,993	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	85.8	85.9	85.7	83.3	48.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	70.7	70.8	68.8	70.3	33.7	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	14.2	14.1	14.3	17.3	51.5	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	131,110	127,440	2,580	305	785	2,735
Without total income	6,265	6,135	60	35	35	80
With total income	124,850	121,310	2,520	265	750	2,650
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.2	97.7	86.9	95.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,090	17,595	215	70	210	250
$10,000 to $19,999	22,085	21,365	380	40	300	400
$20,000 to $29,999	17,225	16,685	335	55	150	365
$30,000 to $39,999	14,545	14,160	310	25	45	330
$40,000 to $49,999	13,475	13,160	280	20	10	290
$50,000 to $59,999	10,650	10,385	235	20	15	240
$60,000 to $69,999	7,530	7,350	170	10	0	175
$70,000 to $79,999	5,820	5,645	170	10	0	175
$80,000 to $89,999	4,580	4,430	135	0	10	140
$90,000 to $99,999	3,440	3,355	90	0	10	85
$100,000 and over	7,395	7,180	200	15	15	200
$100,000 to $149,999	5,525	5,350	155	10	10	160
$150,000 and over	1,865	1,820	40	0	0	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	131,115	127,440	2,580	305	785	2,730
Without after-tax income	6,220	6,090	55	40	30	75
With after-tax income	124,890	121,350	2,525	270	750	2,655
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.2	97.9	88.5	95.5	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,495	17,995	225	75	205	260
$10,000 to $19,999	23,135	22,400	395	40	305	410
$20,000 to $29,999	20,130	19,495	400	65	170	430
$30,000 to $39,999	17,705	17,265	390	25	25	405
$40,000 to $49,999	15,405	15,005	360	20	25	365
$50,000 to $59,999	10,260	10,040	205	15	0	210
$60,000 to $69,999	7,290	7,085	195	10	0	205
$70,000 to $79,999	5,235	5,045	170	10	15	170
$80,000 and over	7,235	7,025	190	10	10	190
$80,000 to $89,999	2,875	2,775	85	10	10	85
$90,000 to $99,999	1,515	1,455	50	10	0	55
$100,000 and over	2,845	2,790	55	0	0	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	131,115	127,440	2,580	305	790	2,730
Without employment income	39,435	38,045	720	130	545	785
With employment income	91,670	89,395	1,855	180	240	1,950
Percentage with employment income	69.9	70.1	71.9	59.0	30.4	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,680	15,245	335	too unreliable to be published F	70	355
$5,000 to $9,999	6,990	6,775	140	too unreliable to be published F	55	145
$10,000 to $19,999	11,550	11,310	170	too unreliable to be published F	30	190
$20,000 to $29,999	9,700	9,545	110	too unreliable to be published F	45	110
$30,000 to $39,999	9,150	8,945	160	too unreliable to be published F	10	175
$40,000 to $49,999	8,435	8,230	190	too unreliable to be published F	0	190
$50,000 to $59,999	7,335	7,175	130	too unreliable to be published F	10	140
$60,000 to $69,999	5,565	5,400	160	too unreliable to be published F	0	165
$70,000 to $79,999	4,640	4,510	130	too unreliable to be published F	0	130
$80,000 and over	12,625	12,255	335	too unreliable to be published F	15	345
$80,000 to $89,999	3,640	3,510	120	too unreliable to be published F	10	125
$90,000 to $99,999	2,920	2,860	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	55
$100,000 and over	6,065	5,890	155	too unreliable to be published F	10	165
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	131,110	127,435	2,580	305	785	2,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	42,900	41,830	915	80	75	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	53,881	53,811	61,418	41,787	26,075	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	61,469	61,430	66,580	48,032	34,942	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
English only	146,340	146,335	0	0	0	0
French only	130	0	130	0	0	130
English and French	10,175	6,925	2,750	500	0	3,000
Neither English nor French	990	45	0	0	940	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
English	144,720	143,105	1,610	0	0	1,610
French	990	15	980	0	0	975
Non-official language	7,335	6,100	45	255	940	170
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,335	6,095	45	255	940	170
English and French	475	140	185	150	0	260
English and non-official language	3,930	3,925	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	0	50	0	0	50
English, French and non-official language	130	25	15	95	0	60
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
None	145,745	142,970	1,595	315	865	1,755
English	3,715	3,025	490	160	45	570
French	1,760	1,060	700	0	0	700
Non-official language	6,200	6,100	70	15	20	75
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,190	6,090	70	10	20	75
English and French	30	10	20	15	0	20
English and non-official language	90	70	10	0	15	10
French and non-official language	85	90	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
English	134,235	134,230	0	0	0	0
French	2,935	255	2,685	0	0	2,685
Non-official language	18,220	16,895	70	320	940	225
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,210	16,885	70	315	940	225
English and French	465	270	40	155	0	120
English and non-official language	1,635	1,635	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	0	85	0	0	85
English, French and non-official language	50	25	0	25	0	15
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	157,630	153,305	2,885	505	940	3,135
Official languages	156,640	153,260	2,880	500	0	3,130
English	156,510	153,260	2,750	500	0	3,000
French	10,300	6,925	2,880	500	0	3,130
Non-official languages	23,330	21,705	325	360	940	500
Aboriginal languages	45	40	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,290	21,665	320	355	940	505
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	4,645	4,400	240	10	0	240
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	4,460	4,215	235	10	0	240
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	2,690	2,620	70	0	0	70
Métis	1,665	1,500	165	10	0	165
Inuk (Inuit)	100	95	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	90	95	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	90	90	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	152,990	148,905	2,645	490	940	2,890
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	157,630	153,305	2,880	500	940	3,135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	1,275	1,195	75	0	0	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	156,355	152,105	2,805	500	940	3,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,130
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	740	660	70	10	0	75
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	710	630	70	10	0	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	440	420	20	0	0	20
Métis single ancestry	255	200	50	10	0	50
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	30	30	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	6,515	6,230	255	20	10	265
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	6,340	6,070	245	25	10	255
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,950	4,800	130	25	10	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,300	1,185	115	0	0	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	85	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	175	160	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	155	15	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	150,370	146,415	2,555	470	935	2,790
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	152,140	148,165	2,830	475	675	3,070
Canadian citizens only	147,535	143,870	2,735	395	530	2,935
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	4,610	4,295	90	80	140	130
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	5,485	5,140	60	25	265	65
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	129,685	126,705	2,545	270	165	2,680
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	26,975	25,680	335	230	730	445
Before 1981	11,930	11,625	80	25	200	95
1981 to 1990	3,770	3,630	35	10	90	40
1991 to 2000	4,290	4,005	55	80	145	100
2001 to 2010	5,035	4,660	110	85	190	150
2001 to 2005	2,615	2,435	60	30	90	75
2006 to 2010	2,420	2,220	50	55	100	75
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	1,955	1,770	50	25	110	65
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	970	915	0	0	45	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	26,975	25,680	330	225	735	445
Under 5 years	3,060	3,005	15	25	15	30
5 to 14 years	5,690	5,570	55	55	0	85
15 to 24 years	6,840	6,660	70	45	65	95
25 to 44 years	9,845	9,275	160	90	325	205
45 years and over	1,535	1,175	25	15	320	35
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	26,975	25,680	330	230	735	445
Americas	6,260	6,135	60	25	40	70
Brazil	145	115	0	20	10	15
Colombia	80	65	0	0	10	10
El Salvador	130	115	0	0	10	0
Guyana	960	965	0	0	0	0
Haiti	50	0	40	0	0	40
Jamaica	1,760	1,760	0	0	0	0
Mexico	110	110	0	0	0	0
Peru	45	45	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	915	915	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 47}	855	840	15	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	1,215	1,200	10	0	10	0
Europe	12,225	11,770	100	85	270	145
Bosnia and Herzegovina	120	110	0	0	10	0
Croatia	235	225	0	0	10	0
France	105	45	65	0	0	60
Germany	870	870	0	0	0	0
Greece	285	280	0	0	10	0
Hungary	280	280	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	255	255	0	0	0	0
Italy	1,065	965	0	15	85	10
Netherlands	480	475	10	0	10	0
Poland	1,205	1,125	10	0	65	10
Portugal	595	540	0	10	55	0
Romania	310	285	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	190	160	0	25	10	10
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	165	155	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	285	260	0	10	15	10
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	4,750	4,740	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	1,020	995	15	10	0	25
Africa	1,295	1,070	160	55	10	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	205	180	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	60	55	0	0	0	0
Kenya	60	55	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	130	125	0	0	0	0
Somalia	20	10	0	0	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	190	185	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	620	440	145	25	10	160
Asia	7,105	6,620	15	60	415	45
Afghanistan	270	245	0	0	25	0
Bangladesh	185	180	0	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 51}	860	730	0	0	130	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	145	135	0	0	10	0
India	1,135	1,070	0	10	60	0
Iran^{Footnote 53}	160	145	0	0	15	0
Iraq	60	55	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	30	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	85	70	0	0	20	0
Lebanon	85	65	10	0	0	10
Pakistan	1,010	985	0	0	25	0
Philippines	1,330	1,325	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	795	700	0	25	70	15
Syria^{Footnote 55}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	50	50	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	165	145	0	0	20	0
Other places of birth in Asia	720	680	0	20	25	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	90	90	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	1,950	1,765	50	30	105	60
Americas	450	420	25	0	0	30
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	25	25	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	0	20	0	0	25
Jamaica	60	60	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 58}	105	100	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	190	190	0	0	0	0
Europe	240	220	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	35	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	20	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	75	75	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	95	85	0	10	0	0
Africa	205	160	20	20	0	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	80	75	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	50	15	15	0	25
Asia	1,045	945	0	0	95	0
Afghanistan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 63}	150	90	0	0	60	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	225	210	0	0	20	0
Iran^{Footnote 65}	50	40	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	15	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	160	160	0	0	0	0
Philippines	195	190	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabia	45	40	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	80	80	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	50	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
First generation^{Footnote 71}	28,375	27,000	350	230	795	465
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	34,015	33,425	285	170	135	370
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	95,240	92,880	2,250	95	15	2,300
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	15,435	14,435	265	205	535	370
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	6,450	6,145	100	130	75	165
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	2,495	2,360	55	40	35	75
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	3,960	3,785	45	90	40	90
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	6,185	5,765	70	25	320	80
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	2,610	2,350	75	55	135	100
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	200	175	20	0	10	15
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	25,245	23,965	400	265	620	530
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	6,040	5,755	10	95	180	55
Chinese	2,190	1,955	10	25	195	25
Black	8,715	8,335	310	60	15	340
Filipino	2,105	2,085	10	10	0	10
Latin American	1,255	1,205	0	15	45	10
Arab	970	870	30	35	40	50
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	490	420	0	15	60	0
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	605	555	0	0	40	10
Korean	150	135	0	0	20	0
Japanese	260	245	0	0	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	1,250	1,235	15	0	0	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	1,210	1,180	25	10	0	30
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	132,385	129,345	2,490	235	320	2,605
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	157,630	153,305	2,885	500	940	3,135
North American Aboriginal origins	7,260	6,890	330	30	0	345
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,605	5,415	160	20	10	175
Inuit	110	105	0	10	0	0
Métis	1,750	1,565	180	10	0	185
Other North American origins	54,580	53,050	1,435	80	20	1,470
Acadian	265	220	45	0	0	45
American	1,925	1,915	10	0	0	10
Canadian	52,900	51,440	1,360	75	25	1,400
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	325	325	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Québécois	110	60	50	0	0	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	111,875	109,460	1,845	235	335	1,965
British Isles origins	81,265	80,840	375	40	15	390
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	47,790	47,575	190	25	10	200
Irish	34,265	34,080	160	20	0	175
Manx	35	35	0	0	0	0
Scottish	33,940	33,840	80	20	0	85
Welsh	3,460	3,435	25	0	0	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	4,975	4,965	10	0	0	10
French origins	16,540	14,790	1,655	95	0	1,705
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	16,530	14,780	1,655	90	0	1,700
Western European origins (except French origins)	20,715	20,495	175	25	20	190
Austrian	920	920	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	515	465	50	10	0	50
Dutch	7,310	7,240	60	0	10	55
Flemish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	13,165	13,050	85	25	15	95
Luxembourger	15	15	0	0	0	0
Swiss	405	405	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,955	2,940	10	0	0	15
Danish	725	720	0	0	0	0
Finnish	650	640	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	105	110	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	760	760	0	0	0	0
Swedish	820	810	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	145	140	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	16,295	16,000	55	100	135	110
Bulgarian	120	120	0	0	0	10
Byelorussian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Czech	420	425	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	140	135	0	0	0	0
Estonian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,060	2,055	0	0	10	10
Latvian	160	160	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	260	260	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	6,425	6,300	40	10	70	50
Romanian	745	690	0	15	30	15
Russian	1,495	1,405	10	50	30	35
Slovak	370	370	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	6,185	6,100	10	20	55	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	40	45	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	17,360	16,990	90	65	205	125
Albanian	40	25	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	600	590	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	55	50	0	0	10	0
Greek	1,555	1,535	0	0	25	0
Italian	8,705	8,520	65	25	95	80
Kosovar	20	20	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	585	580	0	0	0	0
Maltese	940	945	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	25	25	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,915	2,830	15	20	55	25
Serbian	460	440	0	0	20	0
Sicilian	65	70	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	245	250	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,050	2,005	10	20	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	185	190	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	780	770	0	0	10	10
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	340	335	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	75	75	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	345	340	10	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	8,035	7,940	70	25	0	80
Antiguan	35	30	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	495	490	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	95	95	0	0	0	0
Cuban	145	150	0	0	0	0
Dominican	120	120	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	170	170	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	110	40	55	20	0	65
Jamaican	4,740	4,740	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	120	120	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,485	1,470	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	325	325	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	950	945	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	175	170	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,050	2,960	20	35	35	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	160	150	0	0	10	0
Arawak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	170	145	10	20	0	15
Chilean	165	170	0	0	0	0
Colombian	145	120	0	0	15	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	165	165	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	110	105	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	1,320	1,320	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	45	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	15	0	0	0	10
Maya	25	20	0	0	10	0
Mexican	310	295	0	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	80	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	145	140	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	100	100	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	125	125	0	0	0	0
African origins	3,480	3,105	290	60	20	325
Central and West African origins	655	450	205	0	0	200
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	90	25	65	0	0	70
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	60	0	60	0	0	60
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	150	145	0	0	0	0
Guinean	45	25	20	0	0	25
Ibo	40	40	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	0	25	0	0	25
Liberian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	10	0	0	15
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	150	135	15	0	0	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	45	25	20	0	0	20
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	25	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	55	45	0	10	0	10
North African origins	355	315	10	25	0	25
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	280	255	10	20	0	20
Libyan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	40	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	670	620	10	25	10	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	0	15	0	0
Seychellois	10	15	0	0	0	0
Somali	75	50	0	15	10	10
South African	185	185	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	60	65	0	0	0	0
Zulu	20	20	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	110	100	15	0	0	15
Other African origins	1,840	1,750	75	10	10	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	345	345	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	1,500	1,420	75	10	0	80
Asian origins	15,225	14,475	35	160	565	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,355	2,235	20	15	90	25
Afghan	520	490	0	0	30	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	305	285	10	10	0	10
Armenian	125	120	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	275	260	0	0	15	0
Iraqi	75	75	0	0	0	0
Israeli	115	105	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	20	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	295	275	10	0	10	10
Palestinian	170	170	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	145	130	0	0	15	0
Syrian	120	110	0	0	10	0
Tajik	30	35	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	200	200	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	40	40	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	50	45	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,870	6,590	10	100	180	55
Bangladeshi	155	145	0	0	10	0
Bengali	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,340	4,215	0	50	80	25
Goan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	30	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	35	30	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,175	1,150	0	0	25	0
Punjabi	95	95	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	50	45	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	985	860	0	50	70	25
Tamil	270	225	0	25	20	15
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	445	445	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,375	6,010	10	45	305	35
Burmese	35	35	0	0	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	80	65	0	0	15	0
Chinese	3,275	3,030	10	25	215	20
Filipino	2,310	2,295	0	10	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	120	115	0	0	10	0
Japanese	400	385	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	175	160	0	0	20	0
Laotian	65	55	0	0	15	0
Malaysian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	60	50	0	0	10	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	260	230	0	15	20	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	60	60	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	55	60	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	275	275	0	0	0	0
Australian	190	190	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	45	40	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	40	0	0	0	0
Fijian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	131,115	127,440	2,580	305	790	2,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	26,395	25,345	570	45	435	595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	42,190	41,305	615	75	200	650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,525	60,785	1,395	190	150	1,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,535	9,170	310	20	35	315
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	4,480	4,335	120	10	15	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	5,055	4,835	185	10	20	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	33,305	32,560	645	45	60	670
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,910	1,820	50	10	20	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,775	17,235	390	110	45	445
Bachelor's degree	13,145	12,805	245	65	30	280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,260	1,205	40	10	0	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	270	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,785	2,660	95	20	0	100
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	320	300	10	10	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	131,115	127,440	2,580	305	790	2,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	68,590	66,655	1,185	120	635	1,245
Education	3,350	3,200	125	10	15	130
13. Education	3,345	3,195	125	10	15	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,460	2,420	40	0	0	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	570	565	0	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,885	1,855	30	0	0	30
Humanities	2,695	2,605	70	10	10	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	140	35	0	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	710	700	10	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	660	10	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	170	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	305	295	0	10	0	0
54. History	525	520	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	100	10	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,060	7,870	140	25	15	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	75	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	965	955	10	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,820	1,775	30	0	15	30
22. Legal professions and studies	1,795	1,750	40	0	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	175	175	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,130	1,105	20	0	0	20
45. Social sciences	2,085	2,035	45	0	0	45
Business, management and public administration	12,555	12,180	305	35	35	320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	45	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,225	1,200	20	0	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,285	10,930	280	35	35	300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,465	1,420	25	20	0	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	605	585	10	10	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	325	320	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	35	30	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	405	390	15	10	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	95	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,370	2,275	60	25	0	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,005	1,930	45	25	0	55
25. Library science	125	125	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	225	210	15	0	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,565	13,105	405	30	25	415
04. Architecture and related services	320	315	10	0	0	10
14. Engineering	1,770	1,690	50	20	10	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,235	3,170	55	0	15	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,275	3,110	145	10	10	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,220	3,115	95	0	0	100
48. Precision production	1,745	1,700	50	0	0	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	815	800	10	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	490	475	0	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	325	325	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,270	10,085	135	20	20	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	930	925	0	0	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	9,275	9,105	130	20	20	140
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	65	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,920	4,825	95	0	0	90
12. Personal and culinary services	2,450	2,385	60	0	0	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,770	1,755	15	0	0	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	680	660	20	0	0	15
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	131,110	127,435	2,580	305	790	2,735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	68,590	66,650	1,185	115	635	1,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	62,520	60,785	1,395	190	150	1,490
Location of study inside Canada	54,900	53,525	1,255	105	20	1,310
Same as province or territory of residence	51,875	50,825	970	65	20	1,005
Different than province or territory of residence	3,020	2,700	290	40	0	310
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	7,620	7,265	140	85	135	180
United States^{Footnote 130}	1,235	1,185	45	10	0	50
Philippines	610	610	0	0	0	0
India	555	540	0	0	15	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	1,250	1,255	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 132}	330	290	0	0	40	0
France	50	10	30	10	0	35
Other	3,595	3,380	65	70	80	100
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	131,115	127,440	2,580	305	785	not applicable ...
In the labour force	81,430	79,515	1,545	190	180	not applicable ...
Employed	73,475	71,715	1,430	165	160	not applicable ...
Unemployed	7,955	7,800	110	25	25	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	49,685	47,925	1,040	115	610	not applicable ...
Participation rate	62.1	62.4	59.9	62.3	22.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	56.0	56.3	55.4	54.1	20.4	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	9.8	9.8	7.1	13.2	13.9	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	131,110	127,435	2,580	305	785	2,735
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	48,315	46,555	1,015	120	615	1,080
Worked	82,795	80,880	1,560	185	175	1,650
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	43,840	42,760	920	80	75	965
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	38,960	38,120	640	100	100	690
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.2	44.8	38.9	38.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	85,675	83,670	1,625	190	195	1,715
a.Management	7,640	7,455	155	0	25	155
00 Senior management occupations	520	515	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,525	2,425	95	0	10	95
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,020	2,980	30	0	10	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,580	1,540	30	0	10	30
b.Professional	11,050	10,680	290	60	15	325
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,010	1,945	35	15	10	45
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,050	1,985	45	15	0	50
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,405	1,390	10	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	435	430	0	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,115	2,950	140	20	0	155
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,380	1,350	25	0	0	25
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	655	630	25	10	0	25
c.Technical and paraprofessional	8,140	7,985	145	10	10	150
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,215	2,155	55	0	0	50
32 Technical occupations in health	1,495	1,495	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,030	2,000	30	10	0	30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	780	760	20	0	0	20
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,625	1,575	35	0	0	40
d.Administration and administrative support	10,725	10,455	220	45	0	240
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,190	4,080	90	20	0	100
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	720	700	10	10	0	15
14 Office support occupations	3,665	3,555	90	15	0	100
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,160	2,125	25	0	0	30
e.Sales	9,210	9,035	150	10	15	155
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,760	1,725	35	0	0	30
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	4,105	4,030	55	0	10	60
66 Sales support occupations	3,355	3,285	55	10	0	65
f.Personal and customer information services	17,695	17,340	230	45	80	255
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,640	1,625	10	0	0	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,065	2,000	45	0	15	45
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,795	2,715	40	10	25	45
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,905	4,795	70	25	10	90
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	6,290	6,200	60	10	30	60
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,515	7,240	250	0	20	255
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,810	4,615	170	0	20	170
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,705	2,620	80	0	0	85
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	7,325	7,180	115	15	10	120
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,395	2,345	45	10	0	45
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,620	3,560	50	0	0	50
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,310	1,275	20	0	0	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,095	1,075	15	0	10	15
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	155	150	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	150	145	10	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	790	780	0	0	0	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,290	5,215	55	0	15	60
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	930	920	10	0	0	15
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	880	870	10	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,475	2,435	30	0	10	35
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,000	995	0	0	10	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	85,675	83,670	1,625	190	190	1,720
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	290	285	10	0	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	230	230	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	15	15	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	35	35	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	100	10	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	45	40	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	30	30	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	1,515	1,480	35	0	0	35
221 Utilities	1,515	1,480	35	0	0	35
23 Construction	7,055	6,825	200	10	30	200
236 Construction of buildings	1,940	1,885	45	0	10	45
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	720	695	20	0	0	20
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,400	4,245	130	0	20	135
31-33 Manufacturing	8,675	8,485	155	0	35	155
311 Food manufacturing	460	455	0	0	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	85	80	10	0	0	10
313 Textile mills	70	70	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	25	25	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	175	170	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	295	295	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	515	505	0	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	30	25	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	530	525	0	0	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	580	560	10	0	10	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	230	230	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	335	330	10	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	525	520	10	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	465	460	10	0	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	365	355	10	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	160	145	10	0	10	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	3,225	3,175	50	0	0	45
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	230	215	0	0	10	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	355	330	20	0	0	15
41 Wholesale trade	3,165	3,060	80	15	0	95
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	30	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	550	545	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	360	340	25	10	0	25
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	295	280	20	0	0	20
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	530	525	10	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	930	885	30	10	0	40
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	350	350	0	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	100	95	10	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	10,935	10,815	95	0	20	95
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,270	1,265	10	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	400	390	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	415	415	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	965	950	15	0	0	20
445 Food and beverage stores	2,500	2,470	15	0	15	15
446 Health and personal care stores	865	855	10	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	190	185	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,145	1,140	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	590	585	10	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,610	1,595	20	0	0	20
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	675	660	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	310	315	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,950	4,840	95	15	0	105
481 Air transportation	125	120	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	180	160	15	0	0	20
483 Water transportation	20	20	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,240	1,205	25	0	0	25
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,435	1,410	25	0	0	25
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	640	635	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	415	405	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	225	220	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	665	655	10	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	2,055	2,005	45	0	0	50
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	450	445	0	0	0	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	350	340	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	190	185	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	815	790	25	0	0	25
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	30	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	225	220	0	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,140	3,030	90	15	0	95
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,650	1,600	40	10	0	50
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	415	400	0	10	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,055	1,010	35	0	0	40
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	25	20	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,385	1,355	30	0	0	30
531 Real estate	1,160	1,130	25	0	0	30
532 Rental and leasing services	220	220	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,570	4,415	115	25	10	130
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,570	4,420	120	30	10	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	120	110	10	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	120	115	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,265	5,140	90	15	25	95
561 Administrative and support services	4,920	4,805	75	20	20	85
562 Waste management and remediation services	340	330	15	0	0	10
61 Educational services	6,405	6,140	230	35	0	245
611 Educational services	6,400	6,140	225	30	0	245
62 Health care and social assistance	9,375	9,265	100	10	0	105
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,580	2,565	15	0	0	10
622 Hospitals	2,600	2,575	25	0	0	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,070	2,040	30	0	0	30
624 Social assistance	2,125	2,085	35	0	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,855	1,815	35	0	0	35
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	415	405	15	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	105	105	0	0	0	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,330	1,310	20	0	0	25
72 Accommodation and food services	6,385	6,280	55	20	30	65
721 Accommodation services	430	425	10	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	5,960	5,855	50	20	30	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,755	3,640	70	20	25	75
811 Repair and maintenance	1,250	1,200	35	10	15	35
812 Personal and laundry services	1,380	1,355	10	0	0	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	905	870	20	10	0	30
814 Private households	230	220	0	0	10	0
91 Public administration	4,665	4,565	85	10	10	90
911 Federal government public administration	790	770	20	0	0	20
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,030	990	30	10	10	30
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,845	2,795	35	0	0	35
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	73,470	71,720	1,435	165	155	1,515
Worked at home	3,815	3,695	90	25	10	95
Worked outside Canada	125	115	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,545	9,290	200	15	35	210
Worked at usual place	59,985	58,615	1,150	110	110	1,205
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	85,675	83,670	1,625	190	195	1,720
English	84,340	82,900	1,230	120	85	1,290
French	410	145	245	15	0	260
Non-official language	305	210	0	0	100	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	310	210	0	0	95	0
English and French	360	165	145	50	0	170
English and non-official language	250	240	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	85,680	83,670	1,625	190	190	1,715
None	83,580	82,160	1,120	150	150	1,195
English	410	255	135	10	15	135
French	920	570	330	15	0	340
Non-official language	725	670	20	15	25	30
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	725	665	20	15	25	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	10	10	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	59,985	58,615	1,145	110	110	1,205
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,050	22,565	380	60	40	415
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20,080	19,640	385	15	35	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,700	16,280	365	30	30	380
Commute to a different province or territory	150	130	20	10	0	20
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	69,525	67,905	1,350	130	145	1,410
Car, truck, van - as a driver	54,100	52,850	1,090	75	85	1,125
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,950	4,825	80	15	30	85
Public transit	6,780	6,625	115	20	15	125
Walked	2,760	2,715	35	10	10	40
Bicycle	225	215	10	0	0	10
Other method	710	675	15	10	0	20
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	69,525	67,910	1,345	125	145	1,410
Less than 15 minutes	18,475	18,105	305	35	30	325
15 to 29 minutes	20,645	20,165	390	40	45	410
30 to 44 minutes	9,835	9,645	165	10	15	170
45 to 59 minutes	6,505	6,325	155	10	15	165
60 minutes and over	14,060	13,665	330	35	35	345
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	69,525	67,905	1,350	130	145	1,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,535	7,420	100	0	15	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,905	13,545	305	15	35	315
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,025	14,565	415	35	10	435
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,640	11,385	210	15	30	225
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,015	6,860	95	25	30	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	14,405	14,135	215	30	25	235
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	156,015	151,735	2,865	500	910	3,120
Non-movers	135,305	131,635	2,550	420	695	2,760
Movers	20,710	20,100	320	75	210	360
Non-migrants	10,680	10,500	105	45	40	120
Migrants	10,030	9,605	220	35	175	235
Internal migrants	9,420	9,050	215	25	120	230
Intraprovincial migrants	8,930	8,600	195	15	120	205
Interprovincial migrants	490	450	20	10	0	25
External migrants	610	550	0	10	50	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	148,875	144,845	2,780	460	795	3,005
Non-movers	89,695	87,410	1,670	240	380	1,790
Movers	59,175	57,435	1,110	220	415	1,215
Non-migrants	29,445	28,850	450	70	70	485
Migrants	29,735	28,585	660	155	340	735
Internal migrants	27,265	26,275	625	130	235	690
Intraprovincial migrants	26,095	25,245	520	110	220	575
Interprovincial migrants	1,170	1,030	105	20	15	115
External migrants	2,470	2,310	35	20	105	45

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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