Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Dufferin

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	60,845	59,845	710	80	210	745
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	60,845	59,845	710	80	210	750
0 to 14 years	11,410	11,200	135	15	65	140
0 to 4 years	3,560	3,435	55	10	60	60
5 to 9 years	3,890	3,840	30	10	10	35
10 to 14 years	3,965	3,920	45	0	0	45
15 to 64 years	41,050	40,510	420	45	70	445
15 to 19 years	4,310	4,285	20	0	0	20
20 to 24 years	3,810	3,785	10	15	0	20
25 to 29 years	3,405	3,385	10	0	10	10
30 to 34 years	3,565	3,510	50	0	0	45
35 to 39 years	3,745	3,685	50	10	10	55
40 to 44 years	4,165	4,125	30	0	10	35
45 to 49 years	4,700	4,615	65	10	10	75
50 to 54 years	5,345	5,225	100	10	15	100
55 to 59 years	4,455	4,410	35	0	10	35
60 to 64 years	3,550	3,485	45	10	15	50
65 years and over	8,380	8,135	155	20	75	165
65 to 69 years	3,185	3,080	70	10	25	75
70 to 74 years	2,125	2,100	15	10	10	15
75 to 79 years	1,425	1,380	20	10	20	20
80 to 84 years	970	920	35	0	10	40
85 years and over	685	655	15	0	10	15
85 to 89 years	495	470	15	0	10	15
90 to 94 years	150	150	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	45	40	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	39.1	39.0	44.8	39.4	44.3	not applicable ...
Median age	40.2	40.1	48.7	39.4	54.6	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	49,435	48,645	580	65	140	610
Married or living common law	30,770	30,200	450	45	80	470
Married	25,545	25,045	390	35	80	410
Living common law	5,225	5,155	60	0	0	60
Not married and not living common law	18,660	18,445	130	25	65	140
Never married	12,380	12,300	60	10	10	65
Separated	1,470	1,430	20	15	15	25
Divorced	2,630	2,595	25	0	10	25
Widowed	2,180	2,115	25	0	40	25
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	49,435	48,645	575	65	145	610
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	46,730	555	60	135	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,074	48,060	57,212	39,302	19,370	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,802	37,832	46,217	25,693	17,666	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	46,730	560	55	135	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,813	39,796	47,252	32,476	18,499	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,834	33,862	39,216	23,005	17,666	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,120	43,480	520	45	80	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,518	46,495	53,214	41,298	19,465	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,800	35,868	38,663	28,826	12,903	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,825	31,240	400	50	135	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,232	7,180	10,797	10,509	7,640	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,427	4,380	12,024	14,182	1,794	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,215	37,710	425	30	50	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,844	45,757	56,166	0	24,523	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,916	36,893	42,151	0	16,192	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.9	90.0	86.3	78.8	59.5	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	76.8	76.8	75.2	0.0	51.6	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.1	10.0	13.4	24.5	39.4	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	49,435	48,645	580	65	145	610
Without total income	1,950	1,920	20	0	10	25
With total income	47,480	46,730	555	60	140	585
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.7	92.3	96.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,475	6,390	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$10,000 to $19,999	7,285	7,140	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$20,000 to $29,999	6,105	6,015	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$30,000 to $39,999	4,970	4,880	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$40,000 to $49,999	4,805	4,735	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$50,000 to $59,999	3,935	3,875	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,315	3,280	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,640	2,615	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,095	2,055	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,675	1,640	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 and over	4,180	4,105	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$100,000 to $149,999	2,995	2,950	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$150,000 and over	1,190	1,155	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	49,435	48,645	575	65	145	610
Without after-tax income	1,955	1,915	20	10	10	25
With after-tax income	47,480	46,730	555	60	135	585
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	96.5	92.3	93.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,640	6,550	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$10,000 to $19,999	7,755	7,605	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$20,000 to $29,999	6,990	6,870	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$30,000 to $39,999	6,080	5,985	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$40,000 to $49,999	5,670	5,595	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$50,000 to $59,999	4,565	4,515	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,270	3,225	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,445	2,395	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$80,000 and over	4,060	3,985	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$80,000 to $89,999	1,450	1,445	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	910	900	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	1,700	1,650	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	49,430	48,645	580	65	140	610
Without employment income	11,215	10,940	155	35	90	170
With employment income	38,215	37,705	425	30	55	440
Percentage with employment income	77.3	77.5	73.3	46.2	39.3	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,175	5,110	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$5,000 to $9,999	2,990	2,965	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$10,000 to $19,999	4,690	4,620	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$20,000 to $29,999	3,715	3,665	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$30,000 to $39,999	3,550	3,495	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	3,550	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$50,000 to $59,999	3,125	3,100	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,565	2,540	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,180	2,155	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$80,000 and over	6,635	6,510	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$80,000 to $89,999	1,800	1,770	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,515	1,480	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$100,000 and over	3,315	3,260	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	49,430	48,650	580	65	145	610
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	20,030	19,780	205	25	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	55,654	55,585	74,307	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	63,151	63,000	80,859	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	60,845	59,845	710	85	210	750
English only	57,070	57,075	0	0	0	0
French only	25	0	20	0	0	25
English and French	3,535	2,770	685	80	0	730
Neither English nor French	210	10	0	0	210	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	60,845	59,850	710	85	210	750
English	57,960	57,490	470	0	0	470
French	205	10	205	0	0	200
Non-official language	1,525	1,265	10	45	205	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,525	1,265	0	45	210	30
English and French	75	25	25	25	0	40
English and non-official language	1,055	1,050	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	0	15	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	60,845	59,845	705	85	210	750
None	57,500	56,925	320	60	200	345
English	640	480	140	20	10	140
French	720	515	205	0	0	205
Non-official language	1,930	1,900	30	0	0	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,925	1,895	30	0	0	30
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	25	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	60,845	59,845	710	80	210	750
English	54,045	54,045	10	0	0	0
French	745	85	655	0	0	660
Non-official language	5,330	5,065	10	50	205	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,325	5,060	10	50	205	35
English and French	130	85	25	30	0	35
English and non-official language	535	540	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	35	0	0	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	60,845	59,845	710	80	205	750
Official languages	60,630	59,840	710	80	0	750
English	60,610	59,845	680	85	0	725
French	3,560	2,770	705	85	0	750
Non-official languages	6,995	6,655	75	55	205	100
Aboriginal languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,975	6,635	75	60	205	105
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	60,845	59,845	710	80	205	750
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,170	1,125	40	0	0	40
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,100	1,060	40	0	0	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	765	750	15	0	0	10
Métis	320	300	30	0	0	25
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	25	25	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	45	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	59,675	58,720	665	80	210	710
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	60,845	59,850	705	80	210	750
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	410	410	0	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,435	59,440	705	85	205	750
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	60,845	59,845	710	85	205	750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	170	170	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	170	170	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	125	125	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	40	40	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,065	1,970	95	0	0	95
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,045	1,955	95	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,750	1,680	70	0	0	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	255	25	0	0	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	58,615	57,710	615	85	210	655
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	60,845	59,850	710	85	210	750
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	59,075	58,170	700	70	135	730
Canadian citizens only	57,365	56,555	650	50	115	675
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,710	1,615	50	20	20	60
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,770	1,680	10	15	75	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	60,845	59,850	710	85	210	750
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	52,325	51,580	645	40	70	660
Immigrants^Footnote 42	8,360	8,115	65	45	145	85
Before 1981	4,445	4,400	15	10	30	20
1981 to 1990	1,165	1,120	15	0	25	20
1991 to 2000	1,130	1,095	10	15	15	20
2001 to 2010	1,155	1,105	15	0	30	20
2001 to 2005	640	625	0	0	10	10
2006 to 2010	515	480	15	0	20	20
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	465	395	0	10	50	15
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	155	155	0	0	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	8,365	8,110	65	50	140	85
Under 5 years	1,335	1,325	10	0	10	10
5 to 14 years	1,985	1,975	10	0	0	10
15 to 24 years	2,065	2,040	10	0	15	10
25 to 44 years	2,600	2,475	40	30	60	55
45 years and over	380	295	10	15	70	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	8,365	8,115	65	50	140	85
Americas	1,550	1,495	15	15	25	25
Brazil	35	25	0	10	10	0
Colombia	35	15	15	0	0	15
El Salvador	15	15	0	10	0	0
Guyana	185	185	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	405	410	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	55	0	0	0	0
Peru	15	20	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	185	185	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	380	375	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	240	220	0	10	15	0
Europe	5,155	5,050	25	25	50	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	20	0	0	0	0
Croatia	45	45	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	10
Germany	440	435	0	0	0	10
Greece	55	55	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	70	65	0	0	0	0
Italy	320	315	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	415	415	0	0	0	0
Poland	305	300	0	0	10	0
Portugal	455	435	0	0	20	0
Romania	115	95	0	15	0	0
Russian Federation	45	45	0	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	35	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	2,360	2,355	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	420	390	10	10	0	15
Africa	300	270	15	10	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	45	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	90	90	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	55	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	65	10	0	0	15
Asia	1,300	1,240	0	0	65	0
Afghanistan	30	25	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	35	30	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	15	10	0	0	0	0
India	385	355	0	0	30	0
Iran^Footnote 53	45	40	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	15	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	65	65	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	10
Pakistan	105	100	0	0	0	0
Philippines	325	325	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	85	75	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	30	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	120	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	60	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	465	395	0	15	50	10
Americas	85	70	0	10	10	10
Brazil	15	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	30	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	105	85	0	10	10	10
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	0	0	10	10
Africa	40	35	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	35	0	0	0	0
Asia	240	200	0	0	35	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	95	65	0	0	30	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	110	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	15	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	60,845	59,845	705	80	210	745
First generation^Footnote 71	8,755	8,475	90	45	140	115
Second generation^Footnote 72	13,410	13,280	75	20	40	80
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	38,685	38,090	545	20	25	555
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	4,005	3,805	45	40	115	65
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,800	1,780	0	10	10	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	705	690	10	0	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,090	1,090	0	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,800	1,675	25	15	90	35
Refugees^Footnote 79	360	305	15	20	15	30
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	45	50	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	60,845	59,845	710	85	205	750
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	4,925	4,730	60	25	110	75
South Asian^Footnote 83	1,250	1,190	0	0	60	0
Chinese	220	220	0	0	0	0
Black	1,595	1,565	30	0	0	30
Filipino	470	465	0	0	0	10
Latin American	405	360	10	15	15	20
Arab	70	55	0	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	155	140	0	0	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	90	85	0	0	10	0
Korean	95	90	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	55	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	245	235	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	275	265	10	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	55,920	55,120	650	60	95	680
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	60,845	59,845	710	85	210	750
North American Aboriginal origins	2,230	2,140	90	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,890	1,820	65	0	0	65
Inuit	20	25	0	0	0	0
Métis	335	305	25	0	0	25
Other North American origins	22,005	21,580	400	15	10	410
Acadian	75	55	20	0	0	20
American	795	780	15	0	0	15
Canadian	21,415	21,020	375	15	10	380
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	120	110	15	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Québécois	45	30	20	0	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	46,865	46,255	475	40	95	495
British Isles origins	34,870	34,725	140	0	0	145
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	21,525	21,445	75	10	0	75
Irish	15,120	15,060	60	0	0	60
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	15,510	15,465	45	0	0	45
Welsh	1,485	1,485	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,985	1,980	0	0	0	0
French origins	5,215	4,820	390	10	0	395
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,220	4,825	390	10	0	395
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,455	10,395	30	0	25	35
Austrian	360	360	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	190	10	0	0	15
Dutch	3,785	3,775	0	0	10	0
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,485	6,470	15	0	0	15
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	280	260	10	0	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,220	1,215	10	0	0	10
Danish	295	295	0	0	0	0
Finnish	260	260	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	55	55	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	355	350	0	0	0	10
Swedish	250	250	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	90	95	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,720	5,665	10	20	25	20
Bulgarian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	220	215	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	125	120	0	0	0	0
Estonian	100	95	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	635	630	0	0	0	0
Latvian	115	105	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	115	110	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,210	2,185	0	10	15	10
Romanian	340	330	0	10	10	0
Russian	490	485	0	0	0	0
Slovak	140	145	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,070	2,075	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,670	7,550	70	15	35	75
Albanian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	315	315	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	440	440	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,930	3,910	10	0	10	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	150	150	0	0	0	0
Maltese	430	420	10	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,040	2,005	20	0	15	20
Serbian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	145	0	0	0	0
Spanish	535	485	30	10	10	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	85	90	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	245	235	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	115	115	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	120	115	10	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	1,640	1,625	15	0	0	15
Antiguan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	90	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	65	65	0	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	995	980	10	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	30	35	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	265	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	205	200	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	60	60	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	875	840	0	15	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	30	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Chilean	30	25	0	0	10	0
Colombian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	105	95	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	265	270	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	140	140	0	0	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	25	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	85	80	0	0	0	0
African origins	805	745	35	15	10	45
Central and West African origins	255	225	30	0	0	30
Akan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Guinean	30	0	30	0	0	30
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	90	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	30	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	110	85	0	15	10	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	80	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	95	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	40	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	400	400	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	375	375	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,205	3,095	10	10	90	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	505	480	10	10	10	10
Afghan	55	55	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	35	20	0	0	10	0
Armenian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	95	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	35	0	0	0	0
Israeli	25	25	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	95	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	115	110	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,420	1,355	0	0	60	10
Bangladeshi	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,095	1,040	10	0	50	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	125	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	120	120	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	80	75	0	0	10	0
Tamil	45	45	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	15	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,320	1,285	10	0	20	10
Burmese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	435	430	0	0	0	0
Filipino	560	550	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	80	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	90	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	90	0	0	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	60	55	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	60	60	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	205	0	0	0	0
Australian	130	125	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	70	70	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	49,430	48,645	575	65	140	610
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,085	8,885	110	10	85	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	16,045	15,845	140	20	40	150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,305	23,920	330	40	20	350
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,640	3,600	35	0	0	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	1,465	1,450	20	0	0	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	2,175	2,145	15	0	0	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,215	12,035	155	15	0	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	880	860	15	0	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,570	7,420	125	20	0	135
Bachelor's degree	5,615	5,510	95	10	0	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	580	15	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	170	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,110	1,080	15	10	0	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	80	75	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	49,435	48,650	575	65	145	610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	25,125	24,725	250	25	125	260
Education	1,670	1,645	25	0	0	20
13. Education	1,670	1,645	25	0	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,120	1,105	15	0	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	170	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	950	940	10	0	0	10
Humanities	1,080	1,040	30	0	0	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	60	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	245	245	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	330	315	15	0	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	55	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	90	0	0	0	0
54. History	225	220	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	45	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,010	2,955	55	0	0	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	25	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	215	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	920	15	0	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	420	410	10	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	65	65	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	485	480	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	860	845	20	0	0	15
Business, management and public administration	4,415	4,345	70	10	0	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	390	385	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,020	3,955	65	0	0	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	685	670	20	0	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	275	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	195	195	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	155	145	10	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	55	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	690	680	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	530	525	10	0	0	10
25. Library science	60	55	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	85	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,140	5,060	60	10	0	70
04. Architecture and related services	145	135	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	485	475	0	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,115	1,075	35	0	0	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,040	1,030	10	0	0	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,675	1,650	20	0	10	20
48. Precision production	690	690	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	785	10	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	530	520	10	0	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	265	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,650	3,605	30	10	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	450	450	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,165	3,120	35	10	0	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	35	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,025	2,000	15	10	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	905	890	10	0	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	770	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	325	0	0	0	0
Other	20	20	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	49,435	48,645	580	65	145	610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,125	24,730	245	25	125	260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	24,310	23,920	330	40	15	350
Location of study inside Canada	21,930	21,605	305	15	0	315
Same as province or territory of residence	20,710	20,480	210	0	10	220
Different than province or territory of residence	1,225	1,120	95	10	0	95
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,375	2,315	25	25	10	35
United States^Footnote 130	450	445	0	0	0	0
Philippines	155	155	0	0	0	0
India	115	115	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	590	585	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	10
Other	1,040	995	15	25	10	25
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	49,430	48,645	580	65	145	not applicable ...
In the labour force	35,645	35,150	410	35	55	not applicable ...
Employed	33,535	33,080	390	20	50	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,105	2,070	20	10	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	13,790	13,500	170	30	90	not applicable ...
Participation rate	72.1	72.3	70.7	53.8	37.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	67.8	68.0	67.2	30.8	34.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.9	4.9	28.6	18.2	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	49,435	48,645	575	65	140	610
Did not work^Footnote 135	12,630	12,345	160	35	95	175
Worked	36,800	36,300	420	30	50	435
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	20,565	20,300	220	20	30	230
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	16,235	16,000	205	10	20	205
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	43.8	43.2	41.4	41.2	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	37,735	37,220	440	30	55	450
a.Management	4,525	4,430	80	10	15	80
00 Senior management occupations	420	400	15	0	0	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,150	1,130	15	0	10	15
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,540	1,505	30	0	0	30
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,425	1,400	15	0	10	20
b.Professional	4,650	4,560	90	0	0	95
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	850	835	10	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	665	660	10	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	475	470	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	295	295	0	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,545	1,490	55	0	0	55
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	560	545	10	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	265	260	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,770	3,710	55	0	0	60
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,000	990	10	0	0	10
32 Technical occupations in health	640	620	15	0	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	870	855	15	0	0	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	530	520	15	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	730	720	0	0	0	10
d.Administration and administrative support	4,590	4,530	60	0	0	65
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,765	1,735	30	0	0	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	445	440	0	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	1,550	1,520	25	0	0	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	835	825	0	10	0	10
e.Sales	3,715	3,695	15	0	0	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	900	890	10	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,645	1,635	0	0	0	10
66 Sales support occupations	1,165	1,170	0	0	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	6,095	5,990	70	10	20	75
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	620	610	10	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	615	595	20	0	10	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,005	990	0	0	15	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,615	1,580	30	10	0	35
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,235	2,220	10	10	10	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,890	3,850	40	0	0	35
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,225	2,205	15	0	0	20
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,665	1,645	20	0	0	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,100	3,065	15	0	10	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	760	745	0	0	10	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,785	1,775	10	0	10	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	555	540	0	10	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,180	1,170	10	0	0	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	185	180	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	390	385	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	610	600	10	0	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,215	2,210	0	0	0	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	275	280	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	530	520	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	880	875	10	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	535	535	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	37,735	37,215	435	25	55	450
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,105	1,105	0	0	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,035	1,030	0	0	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	60	60	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	75	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	50	55	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	15	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	305	295	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	305	300	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,590	3,540	40	10	10	45
236 Construction of buildings	870	855	10	10	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	465	440	20	0	0	20
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,255	2,240	20	0	10	15
31-33 Manufacturing	4,575	4,520	40	10	10	40
311 Food manufacturing	330	325	0	0	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	140	135	10	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	20	20	10	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	160	160	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	220	215	10	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	25	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	175	170	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	490	490	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	215	215	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	115	115	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	330	325	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	300	290	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	75	75	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	75	75	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,380	1,375	10	10	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	160	150	0	0	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	245	250	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,775	1,740	40	0	10	35
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	45	45	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	20	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	260	250	15	0	0	15
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	195	190	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	155	145	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	315	320	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	425	420	0	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	280	270	10	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	80	80	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,345	4,315	30	0	0	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	640	630	10	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	130	130	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	195	195	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	480	480	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	985	985	0	0	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	250	240	10	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	95	95	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	340	335	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	155	160	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	530	530	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	340	330	10	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	200	205	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,115	2,090	15	10	10	15
481 Air transportation	265	255	10	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	680	665	0	0	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	340	345	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	360	360	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	95	85	0	10	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	140	140	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	225	215	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	655	640	10	0	0	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	105	110	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	110	105	0	10	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	55	55	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	270	270	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	45	40	0	0	0	10
519 Other information services	75	70	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,125	1,110	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	560	560	10	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	155	150	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	400	390	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	775	770	0	0	0	0
531 Real estate	605	605	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	165	170	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,135	2,115	20	0	10	20
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,140	2,110	20	0	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	40	10	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	45	40	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,030	2,005	15	0	10	15
561 Administrative and support services	1,875	1,845	15	0	10	15
562 Waste management and remediation services	160	160	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,520	2,455	70	0	0	70
611 Educational services	2,515	2,450	70	0	0	65
62 Health care and social assistance	3,430	3,380	55	0	0	55
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,200	1,170	25	0	0	25
622 Hospitals	765	765	10	0	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	815	805	10	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	650	630	15	0	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	925	915	15	0	0	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	255	255	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	35	30	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	645	630	15	0	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	2,550	2,525	15	0	10	15
721 Accommodation services	345	340	0	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	2,205	2,185	15	0	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,580	1,550	25	0	0	30
811 Repair and maintenance	630	625	0	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	545	535	15	0	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	315	305	15	0	0	15
814 Private households	90	85	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,065	2,035	25	0	0	25
911 Federal government public administration	280	265	15	0	0	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	270	270	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,510	1,500	10	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	33,535	33,080	390	20	50	395
Worked at home	3,105	3,055	50	0	0	45
Worked outside Canada	50	45	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	4,455	4,410	20	0	20	25
Worked at usual place	25,930	25,565	310	15	30	320
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	37,735	37,220	440	30	55	450
English	37,265	36,885	330	25	25	345
French	185	100	80	0	0	85
Non-official language	145	110	0	0	30	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	110	0	0	30	0
English and French	80	55	20	0	0	25
English and non-official language	65	65	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	37,740	37,215	435	30	55	455
None	36,815	36,490	265	30	30	280
English	195	130	60	0	0	60
French	345	235	110	10	0	110
Non-official language	375	350	10	0	15	10
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	370	345	0	0	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,925	25,565	315	15	35	320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,945	6,880	50	0	15	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,955	4,900	55	0	0	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,965	13,730	210	15	10	215
Commute to a different province or territory	65	55	0	0	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	30,380	29,975	335	20	50	345
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,405	26,065	290	20	25	305
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,840	1,805	20	0	15	25
Public transit	370	360	10	0	0	15
Walked	1,390	1,375	0	0	10	0
Bicycle	115	115	0	0	0	0
Other method	270	260	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	30,380	29,975	335	20	45	345
Less than 15 minutes	8,515	8,430	65	0	15	70
15 to 29 minutes	5,480	5,395	80	0	10	80
30 to 44 minutes	4,815	4,770	35	0	10	35
45 to 59 minutes	4,655	4,565	75	15	0	80
60 minutes and over	6,915	6,810	80	10	15	85
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	30,380	29,975	335	20	45	345
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,020	3,955	55	10	10	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,845	5,780	40	10	15	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,795	6,675	100	0	15	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,430	5,395	25	0	10	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,645	2,605	35	0	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,645	5,565	75	10	10	80
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	60,195	59,245	690	85	180	730
Non-movers	52,140	51,360	555	65	155	590
Movers	8,060	7,880	135	15	25	140
Non-migrants	2,455	2,400	50	0	0	50
Migrants	5,600	5,475	85	20	25	90
Internal migrants	5,480	5,355	85	20	20	90
Intraprovincial migrants	5,305	5,185	85	20	20	95
Interprovincial migrants	175	180	0	0	0	0
External migrants	125	120	0	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	57,285	56,405	650	75	150	690
Non-movers	34,960	34,485	360	30	75	380
Movers	22,330	21,920	290	45	80	315
Non-migrants	7,340	7,200	130	10	0	130
Migrants	14,990	14,720	155	45	70	180
Internal migrants	14,475	14,265	155	40	25	170
Intraprovincial migrants	13,965	13,785	135	30	25	145
Interprovincial migrants	510	480	20	0	0	25
External migrants	515	455	0	10	45	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Dufferin

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.