Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Pelham, T

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	16,675	14,645	375	60
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	16,670	14,640	375	60
0 to 14 years	2,495	2,385	20	25
0 to 4 years	645	630	0	10
5 to 9 years	875	825	15	10
10 to 14 years	975	930	0	10
15 to 64 years	10,365	9,195	225	25
15 to 19 years	1,065	1,035	15	0
20 to 24 years	905	880	0	10
25 to 29 years	665	625	10	0
30 to 34 years	635	580	10	0
35 to 39 years	795	670	15	10
40 to 44 years	900	775	30	0
45 to 49 years	1,150	985	25	0
50 to 54 years	1,415	1,280	10	0
55 to 59 years	1,380	1,165	40	0
60 to 64 years	1,440	1,205	65	0
65 years and over	3,810	3,065	125	10
65 to 69 years	1,365	1,090	50	0
70 to 74 years	920	760	35	0
75 to 79 years	685	555	20	10
80 to 84 years	475	360	20	0
85 years and over	370	300	0	10
85 to 89 years	275	225	0	0
90 to 94 years	85	65	0	0
95 to 99 years	10	10	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	44.9	43.4	54.8	35.6
Median age	48.7	46.7	60.7	22.8
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	14,180	12,255	355	35
Married or living common law	9,605	8,095	270	30
Married	8,760	7,350	240	30
Living common law	840	740	30	0
Not married and not living common law	4,570	4,165	85	0
Never married	2,950	2,810	25	0
Separated	360	295	15	0
Divorced	525	470	10	0
Widowed	735	590	35	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	14,175	12,255	355	35
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,735	11,835	350	30
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,244	53,321	107,775	80,588
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,348	41,499	42,448	50,412
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,740	11,845	350	35
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,965	43,881	72,784	61,916
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,133	37,232	39,334	39,916
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,165	11,350	345	35
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,586	49,822	104,170	0
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,414	35,821	36,207	0
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,810	8,345	250	25
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,097	7,840	9,965	0
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,228	6,783	10,826	0
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,095	8,845	245	25
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,403	48,039	58,452	0
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,506	34,111	34,421	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.6	89.6	93.9	0.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	64.4	67.3	37.4	0.0
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.5	10.4	6.6	0.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	14,175	12,260	355	30
Without total income	440	420	0	0
With total income	13,735	11,835	355	35
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.5	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,665	1,470	55	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,950	1,700	20	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,760	1,455	55	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,300	1,095	30	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,410	1,245	30	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	915	15	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	900	730	25	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	740	650	35	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	610	530	30	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	665	595	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,710	1,455	45	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,165	1,045	20	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	545	405	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	14,175	12,255	355	35
Without after-tax income	435	415	0	0
With after-tax income	13,740	11,840	355	35
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	96.6	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,785	1,560	60	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	2,035	1,770	20	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,940	1,635	50	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,660	1,400	50	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,540	1,360	20	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,120	950	25	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	995	845	45	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	930	830	25	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,745	1,490	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	595	540	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	310	280	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	840	670	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	14,175	12,255	355	35
Without employment income	4,080	3,410	110	15
With employment income	10,095	8,845	240	20
Percentage with employment income	71.2	72.2	67.6	57.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,850	1,580	60	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	810	735	25	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,255	1,135	10	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	885	745	15	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	730	630	25	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	645	570	15	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	660	590	10	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	515	455	10	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	465	410	10	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	2,280	2,000	75	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	455	405	25	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	525	490	15	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,300	1,105	35	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	14,175	12,255	355	35
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	4,540	4,025	100	0
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	69,265	67,790	84,633	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	77,866	76,655	108,065	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	16,670	14,640	375	60
English only	15,285	13,835	25	25
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,300	810	350	35
Neither English nor French	85	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	16,670	14,640	375	60
English	16,060	14,565	265	30
French	90	0	90	0
Non-official language	320	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	320	0	0	0
English and French	55	20	15	15
English and non-official language	135	50	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	16,670	14,640	375	60
None	15,680	14,440	200	40
English	150	0	80	0
French	245	125	100	10
Non-official language	585	75	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	70	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	16,670	14,640	375	60
English	16,205	14,645	25	35
French	350	0	350	0
English and French	25	0	0	25
Neither English nor French	85	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	365	0	350	15
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	2.2	0.0	93.3	25.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	16,675	14,640	370	60
Official languages	16,585	14,640	375	60
English	16,580	14,640	375	60
French	1,295	810	350	35
Non-official languages	1,920	430	15	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,920	425	20	20
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	16,670	14,640	375	60
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	295	280	20	0
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	290	275	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	135	130	10	0
Métis	155	150	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,380	14,360	360	60
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	16,670	14,640	375	60
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	40	45	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,625	14,600	375	60
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	16,670	14,640	375	60
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	10	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	475	430	45	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	475	430	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	290	35	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	150	140	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	16,190	14,205	330	60
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	16,670	14,640	375	60
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	16,215	14,385	375	60
Canadian citizens only	15,790	14,105	360	55
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	425	280	10	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	455	255	0	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	16,670	14,640	375	60
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	14,380	13,495	355	60
Immigrants^Footnote 44	2,190	1,130	20	0
Before 1981	1,470	830	10	0
1981 to 1990	220	100	10	0
1991 to 2000	165	60	10	0
2001 to 2010	275	120	0	0
2001 to 2005	135	65	0	0
2006 to 2010	145	55	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	60	30	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	100	15	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	2,195	1,130	20	0
Under 5 years	400	245	0	0
5 to 14 years	500	225	0	0
15 to 24 years	540	270	10	0
25 to 44 years	640	325	10	0
45 years and over	115	65	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	2,190	1,135	20	0
Americas	325	270	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	15	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	275	255	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0
Europe	1,495	765	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	50	10	0	0
France	15	0	15	0
Germany	125	35	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	25	25	0	0
Italy	175	10	0	0
Netherlands	235	45	0	0
Poland	50	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0
Romania	40	15	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	600	595	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	100	25	0	0
Africa	45	20	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	310	55	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	10	0	0	0
India	65	10	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	35	10	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	20	20	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	60	30	0	0
Americas	15	20	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	15	20	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	16,670	14,640	375	60
First generation^Footnote 73	2,390	1,235	25	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	4,030	3,550	15	20
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	10,250	9,855	335	40
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	755	335	10	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	380	175	0	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	165	70	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	210	100	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	285	150	0	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	80	10	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	16,670	14,640	375	60
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	715	290	0	20
South Asian^Footnote 85	200	100	0	0
Chinese	100	35	0	0
Black	50	50	0	0
Filipino	45	25	0	0
Latin American	140	20	0	10
Arab	45	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	30	15	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	15	0	0
Japanese	25	15	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	10	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	15,955	14,350	370	45
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	16,675	14,640	375	60
North American Aboriginal origins	480	435	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	330	295	35	0
Inuit	0	0	0	0
Métis	155	140	15	0
Other North American origins	4,735	4,455	235	35
Acadian	55	40	0	10
American	300	290	10	0
Canadian	4,440	4,195	215	20
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	15	15	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,170	12,645	270	55
British Isles origins	8,965	8,875	45	25
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0
English	5,445	5,405	25	10
Irish	3,245	3,220	10	15
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,675	3,655	25	0
Welsh	435	435	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	610	595	0	0
French origins	2,035	1,720	245	50
Alsatian	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	2,030	1,715	245	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,795	4,385	20	10
Austrian	160	145	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	90	85	0	0
Dutch	2,020	1,780	10	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	15	0	0
German	2,800	2,640	10	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	110	100	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	425	400	10	0
Danish	135	120	0	0
Finnish	65	70	0	0
Icelandic	30	30	0	0
Norwegian	80	65	10	0
Swedish	135	135	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,860	2,470	15	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	50	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	30	35	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	700	625	0	0
Latvian	20	10	0	0
Lithuanian	60	55	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,085	950	10	0
Romanian	105	90	0	0
Russian	310	250	10	0
Slovak	130	110	0	0
Ukrainian	950	860	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0
Southern European origins	2,240	1,755	20	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	270	230	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0
Greek	80	75	0	0
Italian	1,630	1,295	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	45	0	0
Serbian	35	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	40	0	0
Spanish	110	65	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	20	20	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	25	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	10	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	60	60	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	20	0	0
Jamaican	25	25	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	15	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	200	75	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	20	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0
Mexican	105	25	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	15	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	65	45	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0
North African origins	40	30	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	25	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	20	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	10	0	0
Asian origins	655	320	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	180	110	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	15	0	10
Iraqi	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	75	70	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	195	90	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	135	65	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	10	0	0
Punjabi	25	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	290	120	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	100	35	0	0
Filipino	60	40	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0
Japanese	25	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	15	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	15	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	14,175	12,255	350	35
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,860	1,570	35	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	3,535	3,130	115	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,785	7,555	205	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,100	945	25	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	440	370	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	665	575	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,495	3,095	70	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	260	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,875	3,255	100	0
Bachelor's degree	2,530	2,150	85	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	235	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	115	0	0
Master's degree	745	620	10	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	165	130	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	14,180	12,260	350	35
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	5,395	4,700	150	20
Education	800	695	20	0
13. Education	795	700	20	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	205	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	195	175	10	0
Humanities	405	315	25	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	15	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	100	80	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	60	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	30	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	45	0	0
54. History	90	85	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,100	945	20	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	90	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	190	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	115	95	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	185	165	0	0
45. Social sciences	490	385	10	0
Business, management and public administration	1,475	1,300	45	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	155	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,310	1,140	40	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	300	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	150	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	60	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	80	80	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	205	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	120	0	0
25. Library science	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	80	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,970	1,665	60	10
04. Architecture and related services	80	70	0	0
14. Engineering	375	275	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	450	360	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	440	400	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	380	10	0
48. Precision production	215	180	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	185	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	130	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	10	0
Health and related fields	1,560	1,320	10	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	170	165	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,325	1,120	10	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	35	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	470	425	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	210	190	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	195	175	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	55	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	14,180	12,260	355	35
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,395	4,705	150	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	8,785	7,555	200	15
Location of study inside Canada	7,760	6,835	190	15
Same as province or territory of residence	7,300	6,445	150	10
Different than province or territory of residence	460	385	40	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	1,025	720	10	0
United States^Footnote 132	490	445	0	0
Philippines	15	0	0	0
India	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	235	225	10	0
China^Footnote 134	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Other	235	55	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	14,175	12,255	355	35
In the labour force	8,635	7,585	195	20
Employed	8,115	7,120	185	20
Unemployed	520	460	10	0
Not in the labour force	5,545	4,675	160	10
Participation rate	60.9	61.9	54.9	57.1
Employment rate	57.2	58.1	52.1	57.1
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.1	5.1	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	14,180	12,255	355	35
Did not work^Footnote 137	4,935	4,135	155	10
Worked	9,245	8,125	200	25
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	4,640	4,115	105	10
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	4,605	4,010	95	10
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.3	43.3	50.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	9,470	8,335	205	20
a.Management	1,285	1,090	20	0
00 Senior management occupations	165	135	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	415	370	10	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	335	270	0	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	375	310	10	0
b.Professional	2,070	1,810	50	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	320	285	10	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	270	235	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	165	150	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	255	205	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	715	630	25	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	255	230	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	90	80	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,000	905	15	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	300	265	10	0
32 Technical occupations in health	180	140	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	150	145	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	155	150	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	205	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	1,085	970	15	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	505	420	10	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	140	130	0	0
14 Office support occupations	345	320	10	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	100	95	0	0
e.Sales	825	745	20	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	170	150	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	455	405	20	0
66 Sales support occupations	200	185	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	1,360	1,220	40	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	115	100	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	135	125	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	220	190	10	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	440	390	20	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	455	410	10	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	705	650	15	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	445	405	10	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	265	240	10	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	395	350	10	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	75	60	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	205	190	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	120	100	10	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	440	325	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	60	55	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	260	160	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	120	105	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	305	275	10	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	100	90	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	60	60	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	100	90	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	45	45	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	9,475	8,335	205	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	490	350	10	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	470	325	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	15	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	15	20	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0
22 Utilities	90	80	0	0
221 Utilities	90	80	0	0
23 Construction	725	625	20	0
236 Construction of buildings	215	185	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	85	85	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	425	360	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	755	680	20	0
311 Food manufacturing	35	35	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	35	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	20	15	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	25	25	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	10	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	70	60	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	15	10	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	40	30	10	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	70	65	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	75	70	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	50	40	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	35	30	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	230	210	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	30	25	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	30	15	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	275	250	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	115	105	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	25	25	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	905	800	15	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	75	75	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	25	30	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	15	10	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	85	65	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	220	205	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	110	95	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	115	95	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	75	75	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	95	85	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	60	55	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	20	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	215	10	0
481 Air transportation	25	10	10	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	25	25	0	0
484 Truck transportation	55	45	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	35	35	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	55	55	0	0
491 Postal service	20	25	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	10	10	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	115	105	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	25	25	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	10	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	15	0	0
517 Telecommunications	20	15	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	40	40	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	280	250	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	155	130	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	40	35	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	85	85	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	120	0	0
531 Real estate	110	105	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	10	15	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	610	545	0	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	605	545	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	15	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	460	415	10	10
561 Administrative and support services	435	395	10	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	25	20	10	0
61 Educational services	1,180	1,040	35	10
611 Educational services	1,185	1,035	40	10
62 Health care and social assistance	1,180	1,025	15	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	520	430	15	0
622 Hospitals	295	265	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	165	155	0	0
624 Social assistance	200	175	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	380	370	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	55	50	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	30	35	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	295	280	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	565	525	15	10
721 Accommodation services	105	100	10	0
722 Food services and drinking places	460	425	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	425	355	10	0
811 Repair and maintenance	190	160	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	130	105	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	100	85	0	0
814 Private households	0	10	0	0
91 Public administration	620	560	15	0
911 Federal government public administration	140	120	10	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	140	135	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	340	305	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	8,115	7,125	185	20
Worked at home	910	785	20	0
Worked outside Canada	60	60	0	0
No fixed workplace address	735	640	20	0
Worked at usual place	6,405	5,645	150	20
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	9,470	8,335	205	20
English	9,295	8,300	170	10
French	80	30	35	10
Non-official language	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	0	0	0
English and French	15	10	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	9,470	8,335	205	20
None	9,165	8,185	140	10
English	75	25	25	0
French	140	90	40	0
Non-official language	80	25	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	80	30	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	15	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,400	5,640	145	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,140	985	20	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,395	3,860	110	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	845	770	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	7,140	6,285	170	25
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,415	5,700	150	20
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	315	285	0	0
Public transit	65	60	0	0
Walked	265	170	0	0
Bicycle	30	25	0	0
Other method	45	45	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	7,140	6,285	165	25
Less than 15 minutes	1,990	1,745	45	10
15 to 29 minutes	3,180	2,795	70	10
30 to 44 minutes	1,180	1,055	35	0
45 to 59 minutes	360	325	10	0
60 minutes and over	425	355	10	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	7,140	6,285	165	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	495	450	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,160	965	35	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,935	1,735	55	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,815	1,590	40	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	730	630	20	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,005	910	20	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	16,530	14,505	370	60
Non-movers	14,870	13,055	330	45
Movers	1,660	1,450	45	15
Non-migrants	375	340	10	0
Migrants	1,285	1,110	40	15
Internal migrants	1,200	1,040	35	15
Intraprovincial migrants	1,150	990	35	15
Interprovincial migrants	50	50	0	0
External migrants	85	70	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	16,025	14,015	375	50
Non-movers	11,190	9,775	235	10
Movers	4,835	4,235	140	40
Non-migrants	1,620	1,480	35	0
Migrants	3,215	2,755	110	35
Internal migrants	3,075	2,680	105	35
Intraprovincial migrants	2,955	2,570	95	30
Interprovincial migrants	120	105	15	0
External migrants	140	80	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Pelham, T

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.