Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Sarnia, CY
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Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984) First official language spoken (6)
Total - First official language spoken English French English and French Neither English nor French Official language minority (number)Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,615
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
0 to 14 years 10,625 10,380 155 50 40 180
0 to 4 years 3,385 3,295 40 10 40 45
5 to 9 years 3,740 3,685 45 10 0 55
10 to 14 years 3,500 3,400 70 30 0 80
15 to 64 years 45,195 44,195 825 75 105 865
15 to 19 years 3,950 3,865 55 20 10 65
20 to 24 years 4,400 4,345 30 20 0 40
25 to 29 years 4,430 4,390 25 10 10 30
30 to 34 years 4,180 4,105 60 10 10 60
35 to 39 years 3,840 3,745 80 0 10 85
40 to 44 years 3,875 3,775 90 0 0 90
45 to 49 years 4,015 3,895 105 0 10 110
50 to 54 years 5,105 4,970 115 0 10 115
55 to 59 years 5,880 5,740 115 10 20 120
60 to 64 years 5,530 5,365 140 0 20 145
65 years and over 14,555 13,875 570 15 95 575
65 to 69 years 4,750 4,575 140 10 25 150
70 to 74 years 3,595 3,415 165 0 15 160
75 to 79 years 2,550 2,420 120 0 10 120
80 to 84 years 2,050 1,925 90 0 25 95
85 years and over 1,610 1,535 50 0 30 50
85 to 89 years 1,215 1,165 35 0 10 40
90 to 94 years 335 315 10 0 15 10
95 to 99 years 60 50 10 0 10 0
100 years and over 0 0 0 0 0 0
Average age 43.3 43.1 53.0 28.0 52.3 not applicable ...
Median age 44.9 44.5 56.9 18.9 59.6 not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 2 59,745 58,065 1,400 90 200 1,440
Married or living common law 33,965 32,970 845 30 115 860
Married 28,335 27,415 780 35 110 795
Living common law 5,630 5,555 65 0 10 70
Not married and not living common law 25,785 25,090 550 55 85 580
Never married 15,375 15,115 180 50 35 205
Separated 2,090 2,045 45 0 0 45
Divorced 4,245 4,090 140 10 0 145
Widowed 4,065 3,835 185 0 45 180
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 3 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,445
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 57,430 55,810 1,365 75 180 not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 48,592 48,604 51,705 39,162 25,132 not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 34,028 34,055 37,986 22,583 16,849 not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 57,505 55,880 1,365 75 180 not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 39,829 39,829 42,576 34,064 21,330 not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 31,006 31,002 34,469 22,583 16,780 not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 50,995 49,635 1,190 60 105 not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 47,164 47,190 48,323 37,801 27,717 not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 31,821 31,876 32,902 22,060 12,253 not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 43,500 42,155 1,115 65 160 not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,862 8,780 11,782 10,611 9,388 not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 8,201 8,102 12,112 11,094 2,596 not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 39,900 38,990 800 50 60 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 45,860 45,753 52,332 0 41,972 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 29,688 29,588 33,872 0 17,257 not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample dataFootnote 4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 not applicable ...
Market income (%)Footnote 5 86.2 86.4 81.5 83.7 66.2 not applicable ...
Employment income (%)Footnote 6 65.6 65.8 58.7 0.0 55.7 not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)Footnote 7 13.8 13.6 18.6 25.3 34.2 not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 8 59,750 58,065 1,400 90 200 1,445
Without total income 2,315 2,255 30 10 20 35
With total income 57,430 55,810 1,365 80 180 1,405
Percentage with total income 96.1 96.1 97.5 88.9 90.0 97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss) 7,705 7,545 110 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 115
$10,000 to $19,999 10,045 9,710 240 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 255
$20,000 to $29,999 8,310 8,075 185 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 190
$30,000 to $39,999 6,385 6,205 170 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 170
$40,000 to $49,999 5,660 5,465 190 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 190
$50,000 to $59,999 4,250 4,130 110 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 115
$60,000 to $69,999 3,195 3,120 65 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 70
$70,000 to $79,999 2,525 2,450 85 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 80
$80,000 to $89,999 1,915 1,860 50 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 50
$90,000 to $99,999 1,645 1,590 45 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 50
$100,000 and over 5,785 5,655 125 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 125
$100,000 to $149,999 3,630 3,570 60 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 60
$150,000 and over 2,150 2,085 60 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 9 59,750 58,065 1,400 90 200 1,445
Without after-tax income 2,245 2,180 30 10 20 35
With after-tax income 57,505 55,880 1,365 80 180 1,405
Percentage with after-tax income 96.2 96.2 97.5 88.9 90.0 97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss) 8,165 7,985 130 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 130
$10,000 to $19,999 10,485 10,155 235 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 255
$20,000 to $29,999 9,380 9,100 235 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 240
$30,000 to $39,999 7,495 7,280 195 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 200
$40,000 to $49,999 6,250 6,055 190 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 190
$50,000 to $59,999 4,425 4,310 105 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 110
$60,000 to $69,999 3,005 2,900 95 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 100
$70,000 to $79,999 2,505 2,445 50 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 60
$80,000 and over 5,795 5,650 135 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 135
$80,000 to $89,999 1,650 1,620 20 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 25
$90,000 to $99,999 1,160 1,125 35 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 35
$100,000 and over 2,980 2,900 80 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 10 59,745 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,440
Without employment income 19,845 19,075 600 40 140 620
With employment income 39,900 38,995 800 50 60 820
Percentage with employment income 66.8 67.2 57.3 55.6 30.0 56.9
Under $5,000 (including loss) 7,705 7,530 170 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 175
$5,000 to $9,999 3,120 3,085 25 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 30
$10,000 to $19,999 4,860 4,750 70 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 85
$20,000 to $29,999 4,400 4,320 70 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 70
$30,000 to $39,999 3,880 3,770 100 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 100
$40,000 to $49,999 3,030 2,955 75 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 70
$50,000 to $59,999 2,320 2,275 40 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 40
$60,000 to $69,999 1,745 1,695 45 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 45
$70,000 to $79,999 1,465 1,420 45 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 45
$80,000 and over 7,380 7,205 160 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 165
$80,000 to $89,999 1,315 1,290 30 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 30
$90,000 to $99,999 1,345 1,295 40 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 45
$100,000 and over 4,720 4,620 85 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 90
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 11 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 12 17,130 16,760 340 10 20 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 13 55,234 54,988 67,354 0 0 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 14 71,606 71,456 78,089 0 0 not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 15 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
English only 64,650 64,655 0 0 0 0
French only 25 0 25 0 0 25
English and French 5,440 3,780 1,525 140 0 1,595
Neither English nor French 250 10 0 0 240 0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 16 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
English 66,910 65,920 995 0 0 990
French 470 35 430 0 0 430
Non-official language 1,895 1,600 15 40 240 35
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 1,895 1,600 15 40 240 40
English and French 180 40 50 95 0 95
English and non-official language 860 855 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 50 0 50 0 0 50
English, French and non-official language 20 0 10 0 0 0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 17 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
None 65,810 64,620 850 105 225 910
English 1,120 810 285 15 0 295
French 1,230 850 375 10 0 375
Non-official language 2,125 2,090 25 10 0 30
Aboriginal 30 35 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 2,095 2,060 25 0 0 25
English and French 10 0 10 0 0 0
English and non-official language 30 20 10 0 0 10
French and non-official language 55 55 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 18 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
English 62,250 62,250 0 0 0 0
French 1,580 135 1,445 0 0 1,445
Non-official language 5,775 5,415 75 45 240 100
Aboriginal 20 25 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 5,750 5,385 75 50 240 100
English and French 320 240 10 70 0 45
English and non-official language 370 370 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 30 10 20 0 0 15
English, French and non-official language 55 35 0 20 0 10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 19 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
Official languages 70,125 68,435 1,550 140 0 1,620
English 70,100 68,435 1,520 140 0 1,595
French 5,470 3,780 1,545 140 0 1,620
Non-official languages 7,415 6,875 180 120 240 240
Aboriginal languages 85 90 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 7,330 6,790 180 120 240 245
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 20 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
Aboriginal identityFootnote 21 2,740 2,680 60 0 0 65
Single Aboriginal responsesFootnote 22 2,630 2,565 60 0 0 60
First Nations (North American Indian)Footnote 23 1,865 1,855 10 0 0 10
Métis 755 695 55 0 0 55
Inuk (Inuit) 15 15 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesFootnote 24 40 40 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 25 75 75 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal identity 67,630 65,770 1,490 140 240 1,555
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 26 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 235 1,615
Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 27 1,480 1,470 10 0 0 10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 68,895 66,975 1,540 140 240 1,610
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 28 70,375 68,445 1,545 140 235 1,620
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 29 805 790 20 0 0 15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 30 800 780 15 0 0 15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryFootnote 31 715 705 10 0 0 15
Métis single ancestry 80 75 10 0 0 0
Inuit single ancestry 0 0 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Footnote 32 10 10 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 0 10 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 33 2,840 2,740 105 0 0 105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 34 2,790 2,690 100 10 0 100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 1,990 1,945 45 0 0 45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 780 725 50 10 0 55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 20 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 35 50 50 0 0 0 10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 50 45 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 36 66,725 64,920 1,430 135 240 1,500
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 37 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
Canadian citizensFootnote 38 68,125 66,375 1,500 130 120 1,565
Canadian citizens only 66,595 64,925 1,465 115 90 1,520
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country 1,530 1,450 35 15 25 40
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 39 2,245 2,070 55 10 120 55
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 40 70,375 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
Non-immigrantsFootnote 41 61,010 59,535 1,405 45 35 1,425
ImmigrantsFootnote 42 8,810 8,405 125 95 185 175
Before 1981 5,380 5,270 50 20 50 60
1981 to 1990 950 940 0 0 10 0
1991 to 2000 880 830 20 10 25 25
2001 to 2010 1,115 1,005 25 65 25 55
2001 to 2005 520 510 10 0 0 10
2006 to 2010 595 495 10 70 25 45
2011 to 2016Footnote 43 480 360 40 0 80 40
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 44 550 510 20 0 20 20
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 45 8,810 8,405 130 95 180 175
Under 5 years 1,200 1,150 20 20 0 30
5 to 14 years 1,665 1,630 10 30 0 25
15 to 24 years 2,285 2,215 25 15 30 35
25 to 44 years 3,175 3,040 50 25 55 60
45 years and over 485 370 20 0 90 20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 46 8,815 8,405 125 95 185 180
Americas 1,575 1,530 15 10 20 15
Brazil 0 10 0 0 0 0
Colombia 50 40 0 0 10 0
El Salvador 90 90 0 0 10 0
Guyana 20 20 0 0 0 0
Haiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 105 110 0 0 0 0
Mexico 60 55 0 10 0 0
Peru 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago 65 65 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 47 935 930 10 0 0 10
Other places of birth in Americas 220 200 0 0 10 0
Europe 5,115 5,000 40 15 55 50
Bosnia and Herzegovina 20 20 0 0 0 0
Croatia 25 20 0 0 0 0
France 45 15 25 0 0 25
Germany 300 300 10 0 0 10
Greece 155 140 0 0 0 0
Hungary 95 95 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 48 100 100 0 0 0 0
Italy 625 585 0 10 35 0
Netherlands 600 600 0 0 0 0
Poland 200 200 0 0 0 0
Portugal 215 205 0 0 10 0
Romania 50 50 0 0 0 0
Russian Federation 25 25 0 0 0 0
SerbiaFootnote 49 20 20 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 20 20 0 0 0 0
United KingdomFootnote 50 2,295 2,295 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 325 310 10 0 0 10
Africa 315 180 65 70 0 100
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 30 25 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 15 15 0 0 0 0
Kenya 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 0 10 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 20 20 0 0 0 0
Somalia 10 10 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 20 20 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 215 85 60 70 0 95
Asia 1,775 1,660 10 0 105 10
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 15 15 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 51 200 175 0 0 20 0
Hong KongFootnote 52 40 45 0 0 0 0
India 455 435 0 0 25 0
IranFootnote 53 75 75 0 0 0 0
Iraq 150 130 0 10 20 0
Japan 15 15 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 54 65 65 0 0 0 0
Lebanon 45 35 10 0 10 10
Pakistan 115 115 0 0 0 0
Philippines 265 270 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 10 0 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 55 45 15 0 0 25 0
Taiwan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 65 60 0 0 10 0
Other places of birth in Asia 205 205 0 0 0 0
Oceania and other places of birthFootnote 56 35 35 0 0 0 0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 57 480 360 40 0 80 45
Americas 115 105 0 0 10 0
Brazil 0 0 0 0 0 0
Colombia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cuba 10 10 0 0 0 0
Haiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mexico 10 10 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 58 80 75 0 0 0 0
VenezuelaFootnote 59 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Americas 15 15 0 0 0 0
Europe 75 70 0 0 0 0
France 0 0 0 0 0 0
Germany 0 10 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 60 0 0 0 0 0 0
MoldovaFootnote 61 0 0 0 0 0 0
Romania 0 10 0 0 0 0
Russian Federation 10 10 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 10 10 0 0 0 0
United KingdomFootnote 62 35 35 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 10 10 0 0 0 0
Africa 75 40 35 0 0 35
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 15 0 10 0 0 0
Côte d'Ivoire 10 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 15 10 0 0 0 0
Somalia 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 45 20 20 0 0 15
Asia 220 145 0 0 75 0
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 10 10 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 63 20 10 0 0 10 0
Hong KongFootnote 64 0 0 0 0 0 0
India 65 50 0 0 20 0
IranFootnote 65 25 25 0 0 0 0
Iraq 25 10 0 0 10 0
Israel 0 0 0 0 0 0
Japan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 66 10 0 0 0 0 0
Lebanon 10 0 0 0 10 0
Nepal 10 10 0 0 0 0
Pakistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Philippines 25 25 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 67 25 0 0 0 30 0
Taiwan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkey 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 10 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 0 10 0 0 0 0
Oceania and otherFootnote 68 0 0 0 0 0 0
Australia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birthFootnote 69 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 70 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
First generationFootnote 71 9,685 9,230 155 95 200 200
Second generationFootnote 72 12,310 12,115 145 15 30 150
Third generation or moreFootnote 73 48,380 47,095 1,250 30 0 1,265
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataFootnote 74 3,555 3,245 85 85 145 125
Economic immigrantsFootnote 75 1,465 1,405 40 20 10 45
Principal applicantsFootnote 76 535 505 15 10 10 20
Secondary applicantsFootnote 77 930 900 20 10 10 20
Immigrants sponsored by familyFootnote 78 1,570 1,465 25 0 80 20
RefugeesFootnote 79 495 355 25 65 50 55
Other immigrantsFootnote 80 25 20 0 0 10 0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 81 70,370 68,445 1,550 140 240 1,620
Total visible minority populationFootnote 82 4,700 4,305 145 80 165 185
South AsianFootnote 83 1,225 1,195 0 0 30 0
Chinese 565 505 0 0 40 15
Black 990 850 80 60 0 110
Filipino 420 420 0 0 0 0
Latin American 385 360 0 10 20 0
Arab 410 300 50 0 55 50
Southeast AsianFootnote 84 200 190 0 0 10 0
West AsianFootnote 85 110 110 0 0 0 0
Korean 85 80 0 0 10 0
Japanese 75 70 0 0 10 0
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 86 115 115 0 0 0 0
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 87 115 105 0 0 10 0
Not a visible minorityFootnote 88 65,670 64,135 1,405 55 70 1,435
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 89 70,375 68,445 1,545 140 235 1,620
North American Aboriginal origins 3,645 3,525 120 10 0 120
First Nations (North American Indian) 2,765 2,700 65 0 0 65
Inuit 20 25 0 0 0 0
Métis 925 860 60 0 0 60
Other North American origins 25,080 24,365 685 30 10 695
Acadian 55 45 0 0 0 10
American 1,270 1,255 10 0 0 10
Canadian 24,195 23,495 665 25 10 680
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 0 0 0
Newfoundlander 45 45 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ontarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Québécois 20 10 10 0 0 15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 90 10 15 0 0 0 0
European origins 53,825 52,545 1,150 55 80 1,180
British Isles origins 38,780 38,530 240 10 10 240
Channel Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cornish 0 0 0 0 0 0
English 23,030 22,925 115 0 0 115
Irish 15,680 15,555 120 0 10 115
Manx 45 40 0 0 0 0
Scottish 17,110 17,025 75 10 0 80
Welsh 1,510 1,510 0 0 0 0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Footnote 91 1,815 1,815 0 0 0 0
French origins 11,030 9,990 1,030 0 0 1,030
Alsatian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Breton 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corsican 0 0 0 0 0 0
French 11,020 9,985 1,030 0 0 1,035
Western European origins (except French origins) 13,785 13,645 115 25 0 130
Austrian 275 275 0 0 0 0
Bavarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Belgian 890 870 20 0 0 25
Dutch 5,760 5,725 10 20 0 20
Flemish 35 35 0 0 0 0
Frisian 30 30 0 0 0 0
German 7,700 7,615 80 10 0 85
Luxembourger 25 20 0 0 0 10
Swiss 95 90 0 0 0 10
Western European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 92 0 10 0 0 0 0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1,520 1,490 10 20 0 25
Danish 370 345 0 20 0 10
Finnish 330 330 0 0 0 0
Icelandic 85 85 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 375 375 0 0 0 0
Swedish 335 330 0 0 0 0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 93 75 70 10 0 0 10
Eastern European origins 5,590 5,535 35 10 10 40
Bulgarian 75 60 15 0 0 15
Byelorussian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Czech 285 280 0 0 10 0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Footnote 94 140 140 0 0 0 0
Estonian 40 40 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 735 730 0 0 0 0
Latvian 60 60 0 0 0 0
Lithuanian 90 90 0 0 0 0
Moldovan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polish 2,060 2,035 15 0 0 15
Romanian 330 320 0 0 0 0
Russian 610 610 0 0 0 0
Slovak 480 475 0 0 0 0
Ukrainian 1,525 1,520 0 10 0 10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 95 40 40 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins 5,965 5,780 90 25 70 100
Albanian 25 25 0 0 10 0
Bosnian 15 20 0 0 0 0
Catalan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Croatian 155 145 0 0 0 10
Cypriot 25 20 0 0 0 0
Greek 580 550 10 10 10 15
Italian 3,620 3,515 55 15 30 60
Kosovar 10 10 0 0 0 0
Macedonian 55 55 0 0 0 0
Maltese 95 90 0 0 0 0
Montenegrin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Portuguese 875 835 30 0 15 25
Serbian 65 70 0 0 0 0
Sicilian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Slovenian 45 50 0 0 0 0
Spanish 495 475 10 0 10 10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Footnote 96 90 95 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 97 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other European origins 240 235 0 0 0 0
Basque 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jewish 90 90 0 0 0 0
Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavic, n.o.s.Footnote 98 10 10 0 0 0 0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 99 145 145 0 0 0 0
Caribbean origins 685 675 10 0 0 10
Antiguan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bahamian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Barbadian 45 45 0 0 0 0
Bermudan 15 15 0 0 0 0
Carib 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cuban 25 25 0 0 0 0
Dominican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grenadian 10 0 0 0 0 0
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian 20 20 0 0 0 0
Jamaican 370 370 10 0 0 0
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Martinican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montserratan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Puerto Rican 0 0 0 0 0 0
St. Lucian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 105 105 0 0 0 0
Vincentian/Grenadinian 20 20 0 0 0 0
West Indian, n.o.s.Footnote 100 60 60 0 0 0 0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Footnote 101 55 50 0 0 0 0
Latin, Central and South American origins 630 590 25 10 0 30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 15 10 0 0 0 0
Arawak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Argentinian 30 30 0 0 0 10
Belizean 15 20 0 0 0 0
Bolivian 10 0 10 0 0 0
Brazilian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Chilean 50 50 0 0 0 0
Colombian 65 60 0 0 10 0
Costa Rican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Guatemalan 20 10 10 0 0 10
Guyanese 110 110 0 0 0 0
Hispanic 10 0 0 0 0 0
Honduran 25 25 0 0 0 0
Maya 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mexican 160 155 0 0 0 10
Nicaraguan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Panamanian 10 15 0 0 0 0
Paraguayan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Peruvian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salvadorean 100 100 0 0 0 0
Uruguayan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Venezuelan 20 10 10 10 0 10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 102 20 20 0 0 0 0
African origins 815 660 80 70 0 115
Central and West African origins 220 85 70 60 0 100
Akan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Angolan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ashanti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beninese 20 0 20 0 0 20
Burkinabe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chadian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congolese 100 0 40 60 0 70
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gabonese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ghanaian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Guinean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ibo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ivorian 15 0 15 0 0 0
Liberian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigerian 75 75 0 0 0 0
Peulh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senegalese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Togolese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 103 15 0 10 0 0 15
North African origins 110 95 10 10 0 10
Algerian 10 0 10 0 0 0
Berber 10 0 10 0 0 0
Coptic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egyptian 100 95 0 15 0 0
Libyan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maure 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moroccan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sudanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tunisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
North African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 104 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 110 105 0 0 0 0
Afrikaner 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amhara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Footnote 105 0 0 0 0 0 0
Burundian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 25 25 0 0 0 0
Ethiopian 30 25 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mauritian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rwandan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Seychellois 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0 0 0
South African 35 40 0 0 0 0
Tanzanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ugandan 0 10 0 0 0 0
Zambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zulu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 106 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other African origins 405 390 10 0 0 10
Black, n.o.s.Footnote 107 75 75 0 0 0 0
Other African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 108 335 320 15 0 0 15
Asian origins 3,510 3,275 70 15 150 75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 790 655 65 0 65 65
Afghan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Arab, n.o.s.Footnote 109 75 65 0 0 10 0
Armenian 30 25 0 0 0 0
Assyrian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 10 0 0 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hazara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iranian 100 100 0 0 0 0
Iraqi 145 130 0 0 15 0
Israeli 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jordanian 40 10 30 0 0 35
Kazakh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kurd 35 25 0 10 0 0
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kyrgyz 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lebanese 280 205 60 10 10 65
Palestinian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Pashtun 0 0 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Syrian 75 45 0 0 30 0
Tajik 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tatar 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turk 45 45 0 0 0 0
Turkmen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uighur 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yemeni 0 0 0 0 0 0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Footnote 110 10 15 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins 1,255 1,220 0 0 25 0
Bangladeshi 10 0 0 0 0 0
Bengali 20 20 0 0 0 0
Bhutanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
East Indian 1,005 980 0 0 25 0
Goan 25 25 0 0 0 0
Gujarati 15 15 0 0 0 0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 10 10 0 0 0 0
Pakistani 140 140 0 0 0 0
Punjabi 55 55 0 0 10 0
Sinhalese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sri Lankan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 10 10 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 111 45 50 0 0 0 0
East and Southeast Asian origins 1,495 1,415 10 10 60 15
Burmese 40 40 0 0 0 0
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chinese 715 655 10 10 40 15
Filipino 455 455 0 0 0 0
Hmong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indonesian 55 55 0 0 0 0
Japanese 90 85 0 0 0 0
Karen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korean 85 80 0 0 10 0
Laotian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Malaysian 20 15 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Singaporean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thai 10 10 0 0 0 0
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 100 90 0 0 10 0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 112 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins 10 10 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 113 10 15 0 0 0 0
Oceania origins 40 35 0 0 0 0
Australian 20 25 0 0 0 0
New Zealander 15 15 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fijian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hawaiian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maori 0 0 0 0 0 0
Samoan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Footnote 114 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Footnote 115 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 116 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,440
No certificate, diploma or degree 9,550 9,150 270 15 115 275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 117 17,805 17,365 405 0 35 405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 32,390 31,555 715 75 45 755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 5,780 5,570 205 0 0 205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 118 2,175 2,140 35 0 0 40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 119 3,605 3,430 165 10 0 170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 16,295 15,940 315 30 20 330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 775 755 15 0 0 15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 9,535 9,290 190 35 25 205
Bachelor's degree 6,755 6,620 95 15 25 105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 665 630 25 0 10 30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 265 260 0 10 0 0
Master's degree 1,610 1,545 60 10 0 55
Earned doctorateFootnote 120 250 235 10 0 0 10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 121 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 122 27,360 26,510 680 15 155 685
Education 1,905 1,795 95 0 15 95
13. Education 1,905 1,790 100 0 15 95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 670 665 10 0 0 0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 150 155 0 0 0 0
50. Visual and performing arts 520 515 0 0 0 10
Humanities 1,345 1,305 30 10 10 35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 65 60 0 0 0 0
23. English language and literature/letters 345 340 10 0 0 10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 415 400 0 0 10 0
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 123 10 10 0 0 0 0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 50 55 0 0 0 0
39. Theology and religious vocations 150 135 10 0 0 15
54. History 255 255 0 0 0 0
55. French language and literature/letters 70 60 0 0 0 10
Social and behavioural sciences and law 3,030 2,950 70 0 0 75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 15 15 0 0 0 0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 220 220 0 10 0 0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 915 890 30 0 0 30
22. Legal professions and studies 375 350 25 0 0 25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 124 35 35 0 0 0 0
42. Psychology 500 500 0 0 0 10
45. Social sciences 965 945 20 0 0 20
Business, management and public administration 5,090 4,965 105 10 10 115
30.16 Accounting and computer science 10 10 0 0 0 0
44. Public administration and social service professions 725 715 10 0 0 10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 4,355 4,240 95 10 10 105
Physical and life sciences and technologies 1,050 1,025 20 0 10 20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 310 295 15 0 0 15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 140 140 0 0 0 0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 125 10 10 0 0 0 0
40. Physical sciences 330 325 10 0 10 10
41. Science technologies/technicians 255 260 0 0 0 0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 890 875 15 0 0 10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 710 700 15 0 0 15
25. Library science 60 60 0 0 0 0
27. Mathematics and statistics 100 105 0 0 0 0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 126 15 20 0 0 0 0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 9,920 9,635 255 15 10 270
04. Architecture and related services 105 105 0 0 0 10
14. Engineering 1,640 1,600 25 20 0 30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 2,705 2,645 55 0 10 55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 2,420 2,310 115 0 0 115
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 1,770 1,755 10 0 0 10
48. Precision production 1,275 1,225 55 0 0 55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 410 390 20 0 0 15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 280 275 10 0 0 10
03. Natural resources and conservation 130 120 10 0 0 10
Health and related fields 5,625 5,525 70 30 0 85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 450 450 0 0 0 0
51. Health professions and related programs 5,100 5,010 70 25 0 80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 75 70 0 0 0 0
Personal, protective and transportation services 2,445 2,410 30 10 0 35
12. Personal and culinary services 1,340 1,320 15 0 0 15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 10 10 0 0 0 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0
43. Security and protective services 720 705 15 0 0 20
49. Transportation and materials moving 375 375 0 0 0 0
Other 10 0 0 0 0 0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 10 10 0 0 0 0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 127 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 200 1,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 27,355 26,510 680 15 155 685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 128 32,390 31,555 715 70 45 760
Location of study inside Canada 28,865 28,155 655 55 0 680
Same as province or territory of residence 27,190 26,610 535 45 0 555
Different than province or territory of residence 1,670 1,550 120 0 0 125
Location of study outside CanadaFootnote 129 3,530 3,395 60 25 40 75
United StatesFootnote 130 1,185 1,165 25 0 0 25
Philippines 135 135 0 0 0 0
India 370 355 0 0 15 0
United KingdomFootnote 131 635 630 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 132 50 50 0 0 0 0
France 15 10 10 0 0 0
Other 1,135 1,050 30 20 30 45
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataFootnote 133 59,750 58,065 1,395 90 195 not applicable ...
In the labour force 34,355 33,575 670 60 45 not applicable ...
Employed 31,195 30,500 610 40 40 not applicable ...
Unemployed 3,160 3,075 65 15 10 not applicable ...
Not in the labour force 25,400 24,490 725 30 155 not applicable ...
Participation rate 57.5 57.8 48.0 66.7 23.1 not applicable ...
Employment rate 52.2 52.5 43.7 44.4 20.5 not applicable ...
Unemployment rate 9.2 9.2 9.7 25.0 22.2 not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataFootnote 134 59,745 58,065 1,395 85 200 1,440
Did not workFootnote 135 24,045 23,155 710 30 150 725
Worked 35,705 34,910 685 60 50 715
Worked full year, full timeFootnote 136 17,420 17,035 345 20 20 355
Worked part year and/or part timeFootnote 137 18,285 17,875 340 40 30 360
Average weeks worked in reference year 42.2 42.2 42.0 35.2 40.1 not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 138 36,840 36,000 725 60 55 750
a.Management 3,020 2,940 70 0 10 70
00 Senior management occupations 240 215 15 0 10 15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations 810 805 0 0 0 10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services 1,350 1,330 15 0 0 15
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities 620 590 30 0 0 30
b.Professional 5,350 5,175 150 20 0 160
11 Professional occupations in business and finance 680 660 10 0 10 10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 1,290 1,250 30 10 0 30
30 Professional occupations in nursing 755 745 0 0 0 10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing) 470 470 0 10 0 0
40 Professional occupations in education services 1,310 1,230 75 0 0 80
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services 665 645 20 0 0 20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture 185 175 10 0 0 10
c.Technical and paraprofessional 3,905 3,830 65 0 0 70
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 1,480 1,460 25 0 0 20
32 Technical occupations in health 790 780 10 10 0 10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services 875 845 35 0 0 30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services 255 255 0 0 0 0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 495 485 10 0 0 0
d.Administration and administrative support 3,815 3,745 65 10 0 65
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations 1,640 1,595 45 10 0 40
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations 290 285 10 0 0 0
14 Office support occupations 1,340 1,320 15 0 0 15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations 545 540 10 0 0 0
e.Sales 4,010 3,945 50 0 10 55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations 725 720 10 0 0 10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade 1,735 1,700 30 0 0 30
66 Sales support occupations 1,550 1,525 15 0 10 15
f.Personal and customer information services 8,185 7,985 175 15 15 180
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services 710 695 15 0 0 10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations 630 605 20 0 0 25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations 1,310 1,295 10 0 10 10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations 2,465 2,405 50 10 0 55
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c. 3,075 2,985 80 10 10 85
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades 3,680 3,600 75 0 0 75
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades 2,775 2,690 75 0 10 75
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades 910 905 0 0 0 0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction 2,340 2,300 35 0 0 35
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers 600 590 10 0 0 10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations 1,195 1,175 15 0 0 15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations 545 535 10 0 0 10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 605 600 10 0 0 0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production 135 135 0 0 0 0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production 130 125 0 0 0 0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers 340 330 0 0 10 0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 1,925 1,890 30 10 0 30
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators 920 895 20 0 0 20
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers 440 430 10 0 0 0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing 245 250 0 0 0 0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 325 310 10 10 0 10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 139 36,840 36,005 725 60 50 755
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 315 320 0 0 0 0
111 - 112 FarmsFootnote 140 285 285 0 0 0 0
113 Forestry and logging 0 0 0 0 0 0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping 20 20 0 0 0 0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry 15 15 0 0 0 0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 470 455 10 0 0 10
211 Oil and gas extraction 295 290 10 10 0 10
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas) 0 10 0 0 0 0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction 160 160 0 0 0 0
22 Utilities 330 325 0 0 0 10
221 Utilities 330 320 10 0 0 10
23 Construction 3,125 3,035 80 0 10 80
236 Construction of buildings 820 795 25 0 0 25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction 285 275 0 0 0 0
238 Specialty trade contractors 2,015 1,960 55 0 0 55
31-33 Manufacturing 3,810 3,710 85 10 10 90
311 Food manufacturing 85 80 0 0 0 10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing 25 25 0 0 0 0
313 Textile mills 10 10 0 0 0 0
314 Textile product mills 10 0 0 0 0 0
315 Clothing manufacturing 20 20 0 0 0 0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing 0 0 0 0 0 0
321 Wood product manufacturing 35 35 0 0 0 0
322 Paper manufacturing 10 0 0 0 0 0
323 Printing and related support activities 55 55 0 0 0 0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing 540 525 15 0 0 10
325 Chemical manufacturing 1,340 1,305 25 0 10 30
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing 425 415 10 0 0 15
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 100 90 10 0 0 0
331 Primary metal manufacturing 100 95 0 0 0 0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing 515 500 15 0 0 15
333 Machinery manufacturing 135 135 0 0 0 0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing 45 40 0 0 0 0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing 10 10 0 0 0 0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing 215 215 0 0 0 0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing 50 50 0 0 0 0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing 95 90 0 0 0 0
41 Wholesale trade 1,320 1,300 25 0 0 20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers 0 10 0 0 0 0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers 535 525 15 0 0 15
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers 30 30 0 0 0 0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers 50 50 0 0 0 0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers 60 60 0 0 0 0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers 185 180 0 0 0 0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 250 250 0 0 0 0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers 165 165 10 0 0 10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers 25 25 0 0 0 0
44-45 Retail trade 4,965 4,895 60 0 15 55
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 510 505 10 0 0 0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores 200 200 0 0 0 0
443 Electronics and appliance stores 165 160 0 0 0 10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers 440 440 0 0 0 0
445 Food and beverage stores 1,195 1,155 25 0 15 20
446 Health and personal care stores 500 495 0 0 0 0
447 Gasoline stations 195 195 0 0 0 0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 380 380 0 0 0 0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 165 165 0 0 0 10
452 General merchandise stores 660 650 10 0 0 10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers 460 455 0 0 0 0
454 Non-store retailers 105 105 0 0 0 0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 1,375 1,355 20 0 10 15
481 Air transportation 40 30 10 0 0 10
482 Rail transportation 105 105 0 0 0 0
483 Water transportation 35 35 0 0 0 0
484 Truck transportation 405 395 10 0 10 0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation 220 220 0 0 0 0
486 Pipeline transportation 85 90 0 0 0 0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation 10 0 0 0 0 0
488 Support activities for transportation 275 270 0 0 0 10
491 Postal service 70 70 10 0 0 10
492 Couriers and messengers 80 85 0 0 0 0
493 Warehousing and storage 50 50 0 0 0 0
51 Information and cultural industries 395 395 0 0 0 0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet) 125 125 0 0 0 0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries 35 35 0 0 0 0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet) 65 60 0 0 0 0
517 Telecommunications 45 45 0 0 0 0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services 10 10 0 0 0 0
519 Other information services 120 115 0 0 0 0
52 Finance and insurance 880 845 25 0 0 30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank 0 0 0 0 0 0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities 385 375 10 0 0 0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities 225 220 0 0 0 10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities 260 250 15 0 0 15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 535 525 10 0 0 10
531 Real estate 450 450 10 0 0 0
532 Rental and leasing services 85 80 10 0 0 0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works) 0 0 0 0 0 0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 2,105 2,075 20 0 0 25
541 Professional, scientific and technical services 2,110 2,080 20 10 0 20
55 Management of companies and enterprises 30 30 0 0 0 0
551 Management of companies and enterprises 30 35 0 0 0 0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 2,355 2,315 35 0 10 35
561 Administrative and support services 2,130 2,095 30 0 10 30
562 Waste management and remediation services 225 220 10 0 0 0
61 Educational services 2,380 2,245 130 10 0 135
611 Educational services 2,385 2,250 130 0 0 135
62 Health care and social assistance 4,640 4,555 70 10 0 75
621 Ambulatory health care services 1,455 1,420 25 10 0 30
622 Hospitals 1,190 1,180 10 0 0 10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities 1,080 1,070 15 0 0 10
624 Social assistance 910 890 25 0 0 20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 935 910 15 10 0 15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries 140 135 0 0 0 0
712 Heritage institutions 20 20 0 0 0 0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries 770 755 15 0 0 20
72 Accommodation and food services 3,495 3,405 65 15 10 70
721 Accommodation services 445 435 10 0 0 10
722 Food services and drinking places 3,050 2,965 55 15 15 60
81 Other services (except public administration) 1,915 1,860 50 0 0 50
811 Repair and maintenance 565 565 0 0 0 0
812 Personal and laundry services 645 630 15 0 0 15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations 630 600 35 0 0 35
814 Private households 70 70 0 0 0 0
91 Public administration 1,460 1,435 25 0 0 25
911 Federal government public administration 500 475 25 0 0 25
912 Provincial and territorial public administration 250 250 0 0 0 0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration 690 690 10 0 0 10
914 Aboriginal public administration 20 25 0 0 0 0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 141 31,195 30,500 610 45 40 630
Worked at home 1,360 1,290 70 0 0 75
Worked outside Canada 285 280 10 0 0 10
No fixed workplace address 3,055 2,955 85 10 10 85
Worked at usual place 26,490 25,975 445 30 35 465
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 142 36,840 36,000 725 60 55 755
English 36,460 35,800 585 55 25 610
French 205 95 110 0 0 110
Non-official language 50 20 10 0 25 10
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 45 15 10 0 25 0
English and French 85 55 30 0 0 30
English and non-official language 40 35 0 0 10 0
French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample DataFootnote 143 36,840 36,000 725 60 55 755
None 36,055 35,445 510 50 40 540
English 115 60 50 0 10 45
French 445 270 165 10 0 170
Non-official language 205 200 0 0 10 0
Aboriginal 20 15 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 190 180 0 0 0 0
English and French 0 0 0 0 0 0
English and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 25 20 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 26,490 25,975 445 35 35 460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 20,200 19,790 350 35 30 365
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 5,065 4,995 65 0 0 70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 1,115 1,095 25 0 0 25
Commute to a different province or territory 105 95 10 0 0 10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 144 29,545 28,935 530 40 40 550
Car, truck, van - as a driver 24,500 24,020 430 25 30 440
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 2,095 2,050 35 10 10 35
Public transit 1,000 975 10 10 0 15
Walked 1,260 1,225 30 10 0 35
Bicycle 405 380 30 0 0 25
Other method 280 280 0 0 0 0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 145 29,545 28,930 530 40 40 550
Less than 15 minutes 16,275 15,925 305 20 25 315
15 to 29 minutes 10,060 9,860 170 10 20 175
30 to 44 minutes 1,985 1,945 30 0 0 30
45 to 59 minutes 480 475 10 0 0 0
60 minutes and over 745 725 25 0 0 20
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 146 29,545 28,935 530 40 40 555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 1,740 1,700 45 0 0 50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 5,395 5,270 105 0 15 105
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 7,925 7,775 140 0 10 140
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 5,850 5,725 105 15 0 110
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 3,215 3,140 55 10 10 60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 5,415 5,325 75 10 10 85
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 147 69,685 67,775 1,545 135 230 1,610
Non-movers 60,645 59,005 1,340 135 165 1,405
Movers 9,040 8,765 205 0 65 205
Non-migrants 6,220 6,080 135 0 10 135
Migrants 2,820 2,680 75 0 60 70
Internal migrants 2,455 2,375 65 0 15 65
Intraprovincial migrants 2,075 2,030 35 0 10 30
Interprovincial migrants 375 345 30 0 0 35
External migrants 365 310 10 0 50 10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 148 66,990 65,150 1,510 130 195 1,575
Non-movers 42,470 41,380 955 45 90 980
Movers 24,520 23,765 550 90 115 595
Non-migrants 16,030 15,650 285 75 15 325
Migrants 8,490 8,115 265 10 95 270
Internal migrants 7,280 7,030 215 10 20 225
Intraprovincial migrants 6,265 6,110 140 0 15 135
Interprovincial migrants 1,020 920 75 10 0 85
External migrants 1,205 1,080 50 0 75 50

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

..

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

x

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

F

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

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