Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Bradford West Gwillimbury, T
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	34,960	24,425	395	155
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	34,965	24,425	395	150
0 to 14 years	7,225	6,070	50	65
0 to 4 years	2,570	2,125	25	25
5 to 9 years	2,530	2,220	10	20
10 to 14 years	2,125	1,725	15	15
15 to 64 years	23,970	16,320	280	70
15 to 19 years	2,025	1,710	15	0
20 to 24 years	2,180	1,830	10	10
25 to 29 years	2,275	1,680	15	0
30 to 34 years	2,740	1,895	30	15
35 to 39 years	2,765	1,665	30	10
40 to 44 years	2,580	1,475	45	10
45 to 49 years	2,510	1,575	40	15
50 to 54 years	2,710	1,765	35	10
55 to 59 years	2,235	1,490	25	0
60 to 64 years	1,945	1,230	35	0
65 years and over	3,770	2,035	60	25
65 to 69 years	1,440	760	25	10
70 to 74 years	995	575	30	0
75 to 79 years	580	285	10	0
80 to 84 years	435	235	0	15
85 years and over	320	185	0	0
85 to 89 years	220	125	0	0
90 to 94 years	80	45	0	0
95 to 99 years	20	15	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	36.9	33.9	43.0	30.4
Median age	36.8	32.3	44.6	20.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	27,735	18,355	345	85
Married or living common law	17,680	10,725	240	50
Married	15,420	9,050	205	45
Living common law	2,255	1,665	40	10
Not married and not living common law	10,055	7,635	105	40
Never married	6,955	5,695	45	25
Separated	700	475	20	0
Divorced	1,260	830	30	0
Widowed	1,140	640	0	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	27,740	18,360	345	90
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,680	17,605	320	85
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,708	47,914	52,280	42,985
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,125	38,177	45,356	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,690	17,610	325	85
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,180	39,738	43,684	37,342
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,514	34,085	40,484	36,660
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,305	16,340	300	85
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,050	47,170	49,962	36,701
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,941	37,889	40,978	40,473
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,310	11,675	225	70
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,230	8,532	9,179
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,390	2,747	6,241	4,888
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,520	14,670	280	70
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,400	46,645	50,495	37,305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,544	38,233	40,692	22,877
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	89.8	91.4	88.2	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	80.1	81.1	84.5	71.5
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	10.2	8.6	11.3	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	27,740	18,360	345	90
Without total income	1,055	755	25	0
With total income	26,685	17,605	325	85
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.9	94.2	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,725	2,400	20	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,150	2,630	65	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,625	2,255	30	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,950	1,855	30	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,575	1,710	35	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,305	1,585	20	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,785	1,200	15	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,485	1,055	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,265	880	25	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	875	610	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,940	1,420	35	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,420	1,000	30	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	520	415	0	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	27,740	18,360	345	90
Without after-tax income	1,045	750	25	0
With after-tax income	26,690	17,610	320	85
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.9	92.8	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,785	2,440	20	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,440	2,820	65	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,200	2,600	30	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,550	2,275	40	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,025	2,100	40	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,605	1,735	20	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,885	1,325	30	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,325	925	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,865	1,385	30	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	725	525	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	415	285	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	735	570	10	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	27,740	18,360	345	90
Without employment income	6,220	3,690	65	20
With employment income	21,520	14,670	280	70
Percentage with employment income	77.6	79.9	81.2	77.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,280	1,585	30	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	1,715	1,170	10	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	2,800	1,885	30	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	2,375	1,600	20	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,170	1,385	35	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,055	1,345	20	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,880	1,255	15	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,575	1,080	20	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	850	10	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,455	2,520	70	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,100	825	15	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	785	520	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,570	1,165	30	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	27,735	18,355	345	90
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	11,000	7,630	150	35
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	55,724	57,406	59,795	50,047
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	61,979	63,726	64,227	48,654
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	34,960	24,425	395	155
English only	32,395	23,495	25	20
French only	30	0	10	0
English and French	1,725	910	355	130
Neither English nor French	815	15	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	34,965	24,425	395	150
English	28,060	23,530	275	105
French	145	10	100	15
Non-official language	4,800	200	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,805	205	15	0
English and French	50	15	10	30
English and non-official language	1,870	650	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	34,965	24,430	395	155
None	29,315	23,385	230	90
English	2,105	110	65	15
French	285	135	95	50
Non-official language	3,220	785	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,215	785	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	34,965	24,430	395	155
English	33,570	24,425	30	110
French	425	0	370	20
English and French	170	0	0	30
Neither English nor French	800	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	510	0	370	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	1.5	0.0	93.7	19.4
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	34,965	24,425	395	150
Official languages	34,150	24,415	395	155
English	34,120	24,410	385	155
French	1,760	910	365	135
Non-official languages	12,305	2,615	35	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,310	2,615	30	20
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	34,960	24,425	395	155
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	580	545	35	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	555	515	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	345	345	0	0
Métis	205	175	30	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	20	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	34,385	23,880	365	150
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	34,965	24,425	395	150
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	160	155	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	34,805	24,275	390	150
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	34,965	24,425	395	150
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	100	105	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	100	100	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	90	85	0	0
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	845	780	50	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	815	745	50	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	615	580	15	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	160	35	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	35	30	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	35	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	34,010	23,545	345	145
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	34,965	24,425	395	150
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	32,880	23,995	370	155
Canadian citizens only	30,860	23,565	365	145
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,025	435	0	10
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	2,085	430	25	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	34,965	24,425	400	155
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	25,185	22,245	360	135
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	9,625	2,105	35	15
Before 1981	3,065	950	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,560	280	10	15
1991 to 2000	2,030	370	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,005	390	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,105	210	0	0
2006 to 2010	900	180	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	960	115	15	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	160	70	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	9,625	2,105	30	15
Under 5 years	945	390	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,020	505	20	0
15 to 24 years	2,625	545	0	10
25 to 44 years	3,390	585	10	0
45 years and over	645	85	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	9,625	2,110	35	15
Americas	1,595	720	0	10
Brazil	105	0	0	0
Colombia	75	0	0	0
El Salvador	135	15	0	0
Guyana	185	190	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	160	150	0	0
Mexico	110	0	0	0
Peru	50	15	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	135	135	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	210	180	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	425	40	0	0
Europe	4,635	865	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	0	0
France	25	0	15	0
Germany	155	25	0	0
Greece	65	0	0	0
Hungary	110	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	15	15	0	0
Italy	775	85	0	0
Netherlands	125	10	0	0
Poland	225	25	0	0
Portugal	1,575	115	0	0
Romania	160	0	0	0
Russian Federation	190	10	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	230	25	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	540	530	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	370	25	0	0
Africa	230	75	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	20	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	35	0	0
Asia	3,130	425	0	0
Afghanistan	110	20	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	255	35	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	25	0	0	0
India	410	55	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	150	10	0	0
Iraq	225	35	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	30	10	0	0
Lebanon	75	20	0	10
Pakistan	270	15	0	0
Philippines	325	75	0	0
Sri Lanka	285	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	300	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	630	105	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	25	25	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	960	115	15	0
Americas	160	70	0	0
Brazil	35	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	30	30	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	45	0	0
Europe	200	35	10	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	10	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	120	20	0	0
Africa	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	0	0
Asia	565	10	10	0
Afghanistan	40	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	85	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0
Israel	40	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	0	0	0
Philippines	120	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	34,965	24,425	400	150
First generation^{Footnote 73}	9,925	2,265	40	30
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	10,430	7,990	45	50
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	14,610	14,170	315	65
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	6,720	1,215	25	20
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	2,640	400	15	10
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	925	130	0	10
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	1,720	275	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	2,690	590	10	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	1,250	200	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	135	20	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	34,960	24,425	400	155
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	7,160	3,070	25	60
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	1,920	660	10	0
Chinese	605	200	0	0
Black	785	670	0	40
Filipino	510	255	0	0
Latin American	1,035	210	0	10
Arab	240	110	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	995	420	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	445	110	0	0
Korean	60	35	0	10
Japanese	15	15	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	320	255	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	230	140	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	27,800	21,360	370	95
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	34,965	24,425	400	155
North American Aboriginal origins	950	880	50	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	745	710	20	10
Inuit	0	0	0	0
Métis	245	215	35	0
Other North American origins	8,355	7,845	235	35
Acadian	30	35	0	0
American	275	260	10	0
Canadian	8,135	7,650	225	25
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	30	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,720	18,315	270	115
British Isles origins	11,505	11,345	50	75
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	7,200	7,090	35	50
Irish	4,855	4,815	10	25
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,665	4,610	10	40
Welsh	520	520	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	815	810	0	0
French origins	2,230	1,840	240	80
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	2,230	1,835	240	80
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,800	3,300	20	25
Austrian	270	220	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	50	55	0	0
Dutch	1,450	1,275	0	20
Flemish	15	15	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	2,100	1,835	15	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	150	140	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	665	590	15	10
Danish	160	145	0	0
Finnish	210	180	0	10
Icelandic	20	20	0	0
Norwegian	145	140	10	0
Swedish	130	115	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	30	25	10	0
Eastern European origins	3,675	2,170	15	10
Bulgarian	65	40	0	0
Byelorussian	35	0	0	0
Czech	85	65	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	55	45	0	0
Estonian	60	45	0	0
Hungarian	530	335	0	0
Latvian	55	40	0	0
Lithuanian	45	30	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,025	735	0	10
Romanian	270	100	0	0
Russian	745	235	0	0
Slovak	280	215	0	0
Ukrainian	875	565	15	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	10	15	0	0
Southern European origins	10,430	6,335	20	25
Albanian	75	15	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	130	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	0	0
Greek	370	230	0	0
Italian	5,305	3,945	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	55	0	0
Maltese	180	155	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	4,140	2,000	0	0
Serbian	95	30	0	0
Sicilian	25	15	0	0
Slovenian	125	90	0	0
Spanish	595	250	0	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	35	30	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	205	40	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	190	40	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	855	760	0	30
Antiguan	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	20	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	10	0	0
Dominican	40	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	500	465	0	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	20	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	120	120	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	30	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	105	105	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	50	50	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,410	645	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	25	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	85	40	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	145	65	0	0
Chilean	25	10	0	0
Colombian	145	35	0	10
Costa Rican	30	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	270	100	0	0
Guatemalan	45	10	0	10
Guyanese	200	205	0	0
Hispanic	45	10	0	0
Honduran	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	55	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	35	0	0
Salvadorean	120	40	0	0
Uruguayan	65	35	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	50	20	0	0
African origins	575	395	15	15
Central and West African origins	55	45	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	40	35	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0
North African origins	105	35	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	30	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	160	105	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	10	0	0
Ethiopian	35	20	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	0	0
South African	65	65	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	255	210	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	20	20	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	235	190	10	15
Asian origins	5,675	2,305	30	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,315	455	15	0
Afghan	145	40	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	50	10	0	0
Armenian	75	35	0	0
Assyrian	180	40	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	180	25	0	0
Iraqi	220	70	0	0
Israeli	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	230	140	10	0
Palestinian	60	35	0	0
Pashtun	40	30	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	0	0
Tajik	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	65	20	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	25	15	0	0
South Asian origins	2,010	815	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,210	645	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	365	70	0	0
Punjabi	70	20	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	305	35	10	0
Tamil	90	45	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	60	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,450	1,105	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	305	150	0	0
Chinese	970	445	0	0
Filipino	555	275	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0
Japanese	45	25	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	0	10
Laotian	215	115	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	20	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	560	190	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	30	0	0
Australian	30	25	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	27,740	18,360	345	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,805	3,090	40	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	8,470	5,870	70	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,470	9,395	235	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,050	1,335	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	790	495	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	1,255	845	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,320	4,805	110	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	500	245	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,600	3,005	80	20
Bachelor's degree	3,575	2,410	65	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	185	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	30	0	0
Master's degree	605	355	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	50	25	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	27,735	18,360	345	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	14,270	8,965	110	40
Education	760	585	25	0
13. Education	760	585	25	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	415	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	65	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	450	350	0	0
Humanities	580	415	20	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	20	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	120	90	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	120	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	50	0	0
54. History	115	90	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	30	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,650	1,230	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	15	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	165	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	275	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	300	225	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	25	25	0	0
42. Psychology	205	160	0	10
45. Social sciences	565	370	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,040	2,040	60	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	165	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,850	1,875	55	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	225	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	105	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	70	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	40	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	500	305	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	245	0	0
25. Library science	30	25	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	10	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,880	1,855	65	10
04. Architecture and related services	100	70	0	0
14. Engineering	385	95	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	625	445	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	520	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	620	465	0	0
48. Precision production	375	255	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	175	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	165	105	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	70	0	10
Health and related fields	1,760	1,310	15	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	245	210	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,500	1,090	20	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,165	850	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	630	420	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	370	305	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	115	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	27,735	18,360	345	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,275	8,965	110	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	13,465	9,395	235	50
Location of study inside Canada	11,390	8,875	225	50
Same as province or territory of residence	10,895	8,515	170	50
Different than province or territory of residence	490	355	55	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	2,075	520	10	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	200	155	0	0
Philippines	150	30	0	0
India	130	25	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	185	150	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	100	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0
Other	1,305	165	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	27,740	18,360	345	85
In the labour force	19,970	13,625	260	60
Employed	18,810	12,855	255	55
Unemployed	1,160	770	0	10
Not in the labour force	7,770	4,735	85	30
Participation rate	72.0	74.2	75.4	70.6
Employment rate	67.8	70.0	73.9	64.7
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.7	0.0	16.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	27,740	18,355	345	90
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	7,270	4,390	75	25
Worked	20,470	13,970	270	65
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	11,190	7,730	155	35
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	9,285	6,245	120	30
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	43.8	44.0	40.7
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	21,040	14,325	275	65
a.Management	2,300	1,625	40	10
00 Senior management occupations	180	145	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	665	480	30	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	875	610	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	585	390	10	0
b.Professional	2,470	1,755	55	15
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	515	370	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	480	250	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	230	190	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	125	80	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	695	565	30	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	290	215	10	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	130	95	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,895	1,420	25	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	515	340	15	0
32 Technical occupations in health	255	185	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	465	350	10	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	210	185	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	450	365	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	2,830	2,055	50	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,200	880	20	25
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	250	165	10	0
14 Office support occupations	960	715	25	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	415	300	10	0
e.Sales	2,095	1,545	10	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	495	330	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,060	785	10	0
66 Sales support occupations	545	435	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	3,260	2,245	55	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	260	190	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	320	210	10	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	635	430	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	940	655	30	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,100	755	10	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,390	1,440	20	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,690	930	25	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	705	515	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,770	1,075	0	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	325	230	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	830	515	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	615	330	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	580	400	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	95	70	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	155	90	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	335	235	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,435	770	10	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	195	125	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	295	160	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	675	310	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	275	175	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	21,035	14,330	275	65
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	430	265	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	405	255	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	15	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	20	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	15	0	0
22 Utilities	110	80	0	0
221 Utilities	110	80	0	0
23 Construction	2,985	1,710	30	0
236 Construction of buildings	700	380	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	455	280	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,830	1,055	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,610	1,535	35	0
311 Food manufacturing	215	125	10	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	15	10	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	15	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	40	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	65	40	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	130	100	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	75	40	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	145	95	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	130	35	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	45	40	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	290	170	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	160	125	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	80	50	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	25	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	860	485	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	190	95	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	120	75	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,010	755	20	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	55	40	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	155	110	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	130	95	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	75	55	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	200	160	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	255	200	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	125	80	10	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,475	1,835	15	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	275	195	10	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	100	80	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	120	75	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	205	195	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	525	385	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	245	180	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	40	30	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	330	220	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	40	30	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	395	300	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	110	70	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	90	75	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	830	490	0	10
481 Air transportation	30	10	0	0
482 Rail transportation	25	25	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	10	0	0
484 Truck transportation	235	115	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	215	120	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	130	85	0	0
491 Postal service	65	40	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	65	45	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	55	40	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	390	325	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	120	85	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	45	45	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	30	20	0	0
517 Telecommunications	120	105	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	10	0	0
519 Other information services	65	65	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	860	580	20	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	490	300	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	115	90	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	250	185	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	360	215	10	0
531 Real estate	295	170	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	65	50	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,195	785	25	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,190	790	25	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,055	705	15	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,010	665	10	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	45	40	0	0
61 Educational services	1,230	985	50	15
611 Educational services	1,230	985	50	15
62 Health care and social assistance	1,685	1,265	15	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	545	410	0	10
622 Hospitals	355	285	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	400	290	0	0
624 Social assistance	390	280	10	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	475	370	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	95	60	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	10	10	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	380	305	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,250	870	0	0
721 Accommodation services	130	90	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,125	780	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,020	645	25	10
811 Repair and maintenance	335	225	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	460	275	15	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	155	125	0	10
814 Private households	65	15	0	0
91 Public administration	985	855	15	0
911 Federal government public administration	80	55	10	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	140	120	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	765	685	10	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	18,805	12,855	255	50
Worked at home	1,175	765	20	0
Worked outside Canada	45	20	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,090	1,830	25	0
Worked at usual place	14,505	10,235	210	50
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	21,035	14,330	275	65
English	20,520	14,270	240	60
French	75	25	40	10
Non-official language	290	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	0	0	0
English and French	15	10	0	0
English and non-official language	140	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	21,040	14,325	280	70
None	20,005	14,155	195	60
English	175	0	10	0
French	180	95	65	10
Non-official language	660	70	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	665	70	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,500	10,240	210	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,380	2,490	30	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	970	745	20	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,135	6,985	160	40
Commute to a different province or territory	15	20	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	17,590	12,065	235	55
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,835	10,230	210	35
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,315	840	0	0
Public transit	745	470	25	10
Walked	525	425	10	0
Bicycle	55	40	0	0
Other method	110	65	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	17,590	12,070	235	50
Less than 15 minutes	3,275	2,410	30	10
15 to 29 minutes	3,700	2,680	60	10
30 to 44 minutes	4,060	2,605	70	15
45 to 59 minutes	2,660	1,875	20	10
60 minutes and over	3,895	2,495	50	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	17,590	12,065	235	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,380	1,495	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,990	2,630	30	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,870	2,835	100	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,005	2,065	25	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,570	1,020	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,775	2,010	50	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	34,380	23,940	395	150
Non-movers	30,150	21,310	340	145
Movers	4,235	2,630	50	0
Non-migrants	1,420	960	0	0
Migrants	2,815	1,670	45	0
Internal migrants	2,630	1,620	50	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,565	1,565	50	0
Interprovincial migrants	65	55	0	0
External migrants	185	45	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	32,390	22,305	375	125
Non-movers	18,320	13,705	195	55
Movers	14,070	8,600	180	70
Non-migrants	4,155	2,860	25	30
Migrants	9,920	5,740	150	40
Internal migrants	9,075	5,535	145	40
Intraprovincial migrants	8,920	5,445	135	40
Interprovincial migrants	160	95	15	0
External migrants	840	205	10	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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