Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Barrie, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	139,055	135,295	2,955	220	585	3,065
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	139,060	135,290	2,950	225	585	3,065
0 to 14 years	25,485	24,905	400	70	115	435
0 to 4 years	7,815	7,670	40	15	95	50
5 to 9 years	8,730	8,560	145	15	0	155
10 to 14 years	8,940	8,670	210	35	15	230
15 to 64 years	95,685	93,200	2,115	125	240	2,175
15 to 19 years	9,370	9,185	170	10	10	175
20 to 24 years	10,165	9,975	180	20	0	190
25 to 29 years	9,670	9,505	115	20	25	125
30 to 34 years	9,260	9,090	140	10	25	140
35 to 39 years	9,265	9,030	200	20	15	210
40 to 44 years	9,765	9,345	365	15	35	370
45 to 49 years	10,175	9,870	265	15	20	275
50 to 54 years	11,420	11,105	265	0	45	270
55 to 59 years	9,455	9,170	230	10	40	240
60 to 64 years	7,140	6,930	175	0	30	175
65 years and over	17,895	17,190	445	25	235	460
65 to 69 years	5,975	5,820	100	10	40	105
70 to 74 years	4,445	4,270	110	10	50	115
75 to 79 years	3,195	3,035	90	10	65	95
80 to 84 years	2,335	2,205	85	0	45	85
85 years and over	1,935	1,855	50	0	30	50
85 to 89 years	1,310	1,265	25	0	20	25
90 to 94 years	525	505	20	0	0	25
95 to 99 years	100	90	10	0	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	38.3	38.2	42.9	32.3	50.1	not applicable ...
Median age	38.1	37.8	43.9	27.6	56.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	113,575	110,390	2,555	155	475	2,635
Married or living common law	63,200	61,290	1,515	90	300	1,560
Married	50,705	49,120	1,210	80	300	1,245
Living common law	12,495	12,170	310	15	10	315
Not married and not living common law	50,375	49,095	1,045	55	170	1,075
Never married	33,135	32,495	570	35	30	590
Separated	4,385	4,235	140	0	10	140
Divorced	7,685	7,425	205	20	45	210
Widowed	5,170	4,945	135	10	85	135
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	113,570	110,390	2,555	150	475	2,635
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,960	105,895	2,475	140	450	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,297	44,247	51,550	41,847	16,820	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,789	33,725	44,268	26,809	14,686	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,990	105,920	2,480	140	450	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,223	37,181	42,975	35,501	15,845	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,622	30,568	38,752	25,163	14,686	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,090	95,435	2,310	115	240	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,532	43,432	50,388	43,750	17,115	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,633	32,489	42,679	31,673	11,649	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,105	75,940	1,645	110	415	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,125	7,120	6,955	8,419	8,358	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,913	3,917	3,557	3,791	5,879	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,655	82,425	1,960	100	165	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,356	43,242	50,002	45,119	20,308	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,541	33,372	44,679	31,715	14,341	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	88.5	88.5	91.0	82.9	53.7	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	76.0	76.1	76.8	77.0	45.6	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	11.5	11.5	9.0	15.8	45.8	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	113,575	110,390	2,555	150	470	2,635
Without total income	4,610	4,495	80	10	25	85
With total income	108,960	105,895	2,475	140	450	2,550
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.9	96.9	93.3	95.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,770	15,345	255	too unreliable to be published F	140	270
$10,000 to $19,999	18,470	17,865	380	too unreliable to be published F	210	390
$20,000 to $29,999	15,355	15,030	240	too unreliable to be published F	60	250
$30,000 to $39,999	12,515	12,230	270	too unreliable to be published F	10	275
$40,000 to $49,999	10,395	10,110	255	too unreliable to be published F	10	265
$50,000 to $59,999	8,340	8,110	215	too unreliable to be published F	0	220
$60,000 to $69,999	6,860	6,680	175	too unreliable to be published F	0	175
$70,000 to $79,999	5,220	5,005	195	too unreliable to be published F	0	200
$80,000 to $89,999	4,315	4,185	130	too unreliable to be published F	0	130
$90,000 to $99,999	3,770	3,655	100	too unreliable to be published F	10	105
$100,000 and over	7,945	7,680	255	too unreliable to be published F	0	255
$100,000 to $149,999	5,930	5,725	200	too unreliable to be published F	10	200
$150,000 and over	2,015	1,955	55	too unreliable to be published F	0	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	113,575	110,390	2,555	155	475	2,635
Without after-tax income	4,585	4,470	80	10	25	85
With after-tax income	108,985	105,920	2,480	140	445	2,550
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.0	97.1	90.3	93.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,160	15,725	265	too unreliable to be published F	140	280
$10,000 to $19,999	19,615	18,985	380	too unreliable to be published F	225	390
$20,000 to $29,999	17,725	17,370	290	too unreliable to be published F	45	300
$30,000 to $39,999	14,520	14,145	345	too unreliable to be published F	15	350
$40,000 to $49,999	11,875	11,535	310	too unreliable to be published F	15	325
$50,000 to $59,999	9,125	8,835	275	too unreliable to be published F	0	280
$60,000 to $69,999	6,755	6,565	180	too unreliable to be published F	0	185
$70,000 to $79,999	5,150	4,975	165	too unreliable to be published F	10	170
$80,000 and over	8,060	7,790	260	too unreliable to be published F	10	265
$80,000 to $89,999	3,330	3,195	125	too unreliable to be published F	10	125
$90,000 to $99,999	1,630	1,575	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	55
$100,000 and over	3,105	3,020	80	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	113,575	110,390	2,555	155	470	2,635
Without employment income	28,920	27,965	600	50	305	625
With employment income	84,655	82,420	1,960	100	165	2,010
Percentage with employment income	74.5	74.7	76.7	64.5	35.1	76.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,865	10,595	220	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	230
$5,000 to $9,999	6,965	6,795	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	140
$10,000 to $19,999	11,605	11,290	245	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	250
$20,000 to $29,999	9,655	9,500	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$30,000 to $39,999	8,960	8,770	165	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	165
$40,000 to $49,999	7,545	7,310	220	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	225
$50,000 to $59,999	6,160	5,995	150	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$60,000 to $69,999	5,190	5,045	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
$70,000 to $79,999	4,140	4,010	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$80,000 and over	13,565	13,110	425	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	435
$80,000 to $89,999	3,630	3,510	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$90,000 to $99,999	3,540	3,425	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$100,000 and over	6,390	6,180	205	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	210
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	113,575	110,390	2,560	155	470	2,630
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	42,505	41,365	1,075	25	35	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	53,157	52,978	59,532	0	21,609	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	61,063	60,950	65,450	99,456	29,917	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	139,060	135,295	2,955	225	585	3,065
English only	128,770	128,770	0	0	0	0
French only	80	0	85	0	0	80
English and French	9,570	6,475	2,870	225	0	2,980
Neither English nor French	635	50	0	0	585	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	139,055	135,290	2,955	225	585	3,065
English	129,310	127,515	1,800	0	0	1,795
French	1,120	105	1,010	0	0	1,010
Non-official language	5,355	4,615	10	135	590	80
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,345	4,610	15	135	585	80
English and French	200	65	85	45	0	105
English and non-official language	2,975	2,970	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	30	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	70	20	10	40	0	30
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	139,060	135,295	2,955	225	585	3,065
None	128,860	126,885	1,315	135	530	1,385
English	2,980	2,220	665	50	40	695
French	2,070	1,180	880	10	0	885
Non-official language	5,010	4,925	65	15	15	70
Aboriginal	55	50	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,955	4,870	65	10	15	65
English and French	20	10	0	15	0	0
English and non-official language	40	40	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	70	45	30	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	139,060	135,295	2,955	225	585	3,065
English	119,705	119,705	0	0	0	10
French	3,050	255	2,795	0	0	2,795
Non-official language	14,450	13,635	60	170	590	145
Aboriginal	45	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	14,405	13,590	60	170	585	145
English and French	475	385	45	45	0	65
English and non-official language	1,300	1,300	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	0	50	0	0	50
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	139,055	135,290	2,955	225	590	3,065
Official languages	138,425	135,245	2,955	220	0	3,065
English	138,340	135,245	2,870	220	0	2,985
French	9,655	6,475	2,950	225	0	3,070
Non-official languages	19,060	18,040	250	180	590	345
Aboriginal languages	110	110	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,950	17,935	250	180	585	340
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	139,060	135,290	2,955	225	590	3,065
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	5,255	4,980	270	0	0	270
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	5,115	4,840	270	10	0	275
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	2,665	2,605	60	0	0	60
Métis	2,420	2,210	210	0	0	215
Inuk (Inuit)	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	95	100	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	40	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	133,805	130,315	2,685	215	585	2,795
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	139,060	135,295	2,955	225	585	3,070
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	1,555	1,525	25	0	0	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	137,510	133,765	2,930	220	585	3,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	139,060	135,290	2,955	225	590	3,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	760	735	25	0	0	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	745	720	25	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	495	495	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	225	200	20	0	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	6,835	6,475	355	0	0	360
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	6,700	6,360	330	0	0	335
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,290	4,150	140	0	0	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,350	2,150	195	0	0	195
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	65	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	135	110	20	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	95	25	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	131,460	128,080	2,570	220	590	2,680
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	139,060	135,290	2,955	225	585	3,065
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	134,130	130,715	2,920	185	320	3,010
Canadian citizens only	130,670	127,425	2,830	130	290	2,895
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,460	3,290	90	50	30	115
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	4,930	4,580	35	45	270	55
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	139,055	135,295	2,955	220	585	3,065
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	119,420	116,515	2,725	80	105	2,765
Immigrants^Footnote 42	18,660	17,845	225	140	450	295
Before 1981	7,895	7,760	60	10	60	65
1981 to 1990	2,420	2,330	25	10	50	35
1991 to 2000	3,075	2,930	30	10	100	35
2001 to 2010	3,580	3,300	85	75	125	120
2001 to 2005	2,005	1,890	35	35	50	50
2006 to 2010	1,575	1,405	55	40	80	70
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,690	1,525	30	25	110	40
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	980	940	0	10	35	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	18,660	17,845	225	140	450	295
Under 5 years	2,540	2,500	25	10	15	25
5 to 14 years	4,175	4,095	40	40	0	60
15 to 24 years	4,390	4,290	35	10	50	45
25 to 44 years	6,560	6,220	100	75	175	135
45 years and over	990	735	35	0	220	35
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	18,660	17,845	225	135	450	295
Americas	3,405	3,265	50	40	50	70
Brazil	140	120	15	10	0	15
Colombia	165	150	0	0	10	0
El Salvador	155	135	10	0	10	0
Guyana	265	265	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	25	0	0	25
Jamaica	630	630	0	0	0	0
Mexico	115	110	0	0	0	0
Peru	70	60	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	260	255	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	745	740	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	820	790	0	15	20	0
Europe	9,580	9,340	75	45	125	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	75	80	0	0	0	0
Croatia	140	135	0	0	10	0
France	70	35	35	0	0	30
Germany	730	735	0	0	0	0
Greece	135	130	0	0	0	0
Hungary	205	205	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	155	155	0	0	0	0
Italy	725	695	0	10	20	0
Netherlands	690	690	0	0	10	0
Poland	855	825	10	0	20	10
Portugal	520	480	0	10	35	0
Romania	200	195	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	280	265	0	10	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	40	40	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	255	235	0	0	15	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,560	3,555	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	960	900	35	10	10	45
Africa	860	765	90	10	0	95
Algeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	80	70	10	0	0	10
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kenya	80	80	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	10
Nigeria	85	85	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	15	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	155	155	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	395	325	65	10	0	70
Asia	4,720	4,380	15	40	285	35
Afghanistan	65	60	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	90	80	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	775	610	0	10	160	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	80	80	0	0	10	0
India	630	590	0	10	25	10
Iran^Footnote 53	210	185	0	10	10	10
Iraq	45	40	0	0	0	0
Japan	55	55	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	290	285	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	90	70	0	10	10	10
Pakistan	490	465	0	0	25	0
Philippines	785	780	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	155	150	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	45	50	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	70	60	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	285	275	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	565	550	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	95	100	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,690	1,525	25	25	110	40
Americas	260	245	0	10	10	10
Brazil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	25	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	30	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	40	0	10	0	10
United States^Footnote 58	85	85	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	30	0	0	0	0
Europe	360	350	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	30	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	55	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	95	95	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	130	0	0	0	0
Africa	80	65	10	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	30	10	0	0	10
Asia	975	845	10	15	100	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	20	0	0	10	0
China^Footnote 63	180	105	0	10	65	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	200	195	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 65	55	35	10	0	10	10
Iraq	10	0	0	0	10	0
Israel	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	30	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	45	0	0	0	0
Philippines	235	235	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	20	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	40	40	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	40	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	139,055	135,295	2,955	220	585	3,065
First generation^Footnote 71	20,390	19,520	240	145	485	315
Second generation^Footnote 72	28,130	27,775	225	40	95	245
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	90,540	88,000	2,485	40	15	2,505
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	11,145	10,435	185	125	405	245
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	5,050	4,765	125	80	80	165
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	1,860	1,745	50	30	35	70
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	3,190	3,020	70	50	45	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	4,065	3,735	55	20	265	60
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,900	1,805	15	30	65	25
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	125	130	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	139,060	135,290	2,955	220	585	3,065
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	14,270	13,565	195	90	420	240
South Asian^Footnote 83	3,035	2,905	20	15	90	30
Chinese	1,720	1,495	20	10	195	20
Black	3,700	3,615	60	15	0	75
Filipino	1,210	1,205	0	0	10	0
Latin American	1,460	1,360	20	20	60	30
Arab	410	375	0	15	15	15
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	675	660	0	0	20	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	315	290	10	10	10	10
Korean	475	455	0	0	20	0
Japanese	255	245	10	0	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	455	440	15	0	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	565	520	40	0	10	40
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	124,785	121,730	2,760	130	165	2,820
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	139,055	135,295	2,955	220	585	3,065
North American Aboriginal origins	7,595	7,210	380	10	0	385
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,940	4,770	165	0	0	165
Inuit	110	110	0	0	0	0
Métis	2,700	2,460	240	10	0	245
Other North American origins	48,700	47,110	1,550	25	10	1,565
Acadian	255	225	25	0	0	30
American	1,710	1,685	15	0	0	15
Canadian	47,370	45,815	1,520	25	10	1,530
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	280	280	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	105,585	103,110	2,155	135	185	2,225
British Isles origins	77,035	76,420	590	25	0	600
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	20	0	0	0	0
English	45,830	45,545	270	10	0	275
Irish	33,495	33,230	270	0	0	270
Manx	60	55	0	0	0	0
Scottish	34,130	33,925	185	20	0	195
Welsh	3,300	3,285	10	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	5,205	5,185	20	0	0	20
French origins	17,690	15,770	1,880	35	10	1,895
Alsatian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	17,670	15,750	1,875	35	10	1,895
Western European origins (except French origins)	22,500	22,240	235	20	10	240
Austrian	865	855	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	545	470	70	0	0	70
Dutch	7,365	7,320	35	10	0	35
Flemish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	25	20	0	0	0	0
German	14,810	14,675	125	0	10	125
Luxembourger	20	15	0	0	0	0
Swiss	635	620	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,900	3,885	15	0	0	20
Danish	810	800	10	0	0	10
Finnish	1,115	1,110	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	220	220	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	910	915	0	0	0	0
Swedish	1,015	1,010	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	175	180	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	14,500	14,300	75	45	85	95
Bulgarian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	110	105	0	0	0	0
Czech	480	480	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	105	105	0	0	0	0
Estonian	190	190	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,700	1,680	20	0	0	20
Latvian	355	345	10	0	0	10
Lithuanian	395	385	0	0	10	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	5,930	5,855	40	10	25	45
Romanian	720	700	0	15	0	15
Russian	1,630	1,560	10	25	45	15
Slovak	350	345	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,495	4,450	10	10	30	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	60	60	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	16,385	16,030	195	60	95	230
Albanian	75	70	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	575	560	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,220	1,190	20	0	0	20
Italian	9,695	9,515	120	35	30	140
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	325	325	0	0	0	0
Maltese	445	445	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,705	2,630	15	25	30	25
Serbian	190	185	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	35	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	280	280	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,700	1,640	40	0	20	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	305	300	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	635	615	15	0	10	15
Basque	30	25	10	0	0	10
Jewish	375	365	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	200	195	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	3,580	3,490	65	15	10	75
Antiguan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	55	50	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	205	200	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Carib	30	25	0	0	0	0
Cuban	90	85	0	0	10	0
Dominican	75	60	10	0	0	10
Grenadian	60	65	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	70	25	40	10	0	45
Jamaican	2,210	2,195	15	0	0	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	30	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	490	485	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	75	75	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	285	285	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	50	45	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,515	2,425	20	35	35	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	75	0	0	0	0
Arawak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	220	225	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	215	210	0	10	0	0
Chilean	190	185	0	0	0	0
Colombian	250	225	0	10	15	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	260	260	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	120	120	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	525	525	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	25	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	25	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	260	245	0	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	135	125	0	0	10	0
Salvadorean	220	190	20	10	10	20
Uruguayan	70	70	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	45	40	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,700	1,670	25	10	0	30
Central and West African origins	285	265	15	10	0	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	10	0	0	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	90	90	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	110	110	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	25	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	275	265	10	0	0	10
Algerian	40	35	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	160	160	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	40	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	460	455	0	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	110	110	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	35	0	0	0	0
South African	155	150	0	0	0	10
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	95	95	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	700	690	0	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	105	100	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	600	590	0	0	10	0
Asian origins	9,800	9,270	115	50	365	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,720	1,640	20	20	30	35
Afghan	120	120	0	0	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	95	85	10	0	0	10
Armenian	125	120	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	45	50	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	320	285	10	0	15	10
Iraqi	50	50	0	0	0	0
Israeli	125	125	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	45	50	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	390	370	0	10	10	10
Palestinian	95	95	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	135	135	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	40	40	0	0	0	0
Turk	160	155	10	0	10	0
Turkmen	20	20	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	55	55	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,220	3,065	55	20	80	65
Bangladeshi	40	35	0	0	0	0
Bengali	80	75	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,150	2,055	55	15	20	65
Goan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	30	0	0	10	0
Pakistani	515	490	0	0	25	0
Punjabi	140	130	0	0	10	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	165	160	0	0	10	0
Tamil	30	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	125	110	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,900	4,605	35	10	255	40
Burmese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	125	0	0	10	0
Chinese	2,185	1,950	30	10	200	30
Filipino	1,365	1,355	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Japanese	340	330	10	0	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	490	470	0	0	25	0
Laotian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	515	495	0	0	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	30	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	305	305	0	0	0	0
Australian	190	190	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	100	100	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	113,575	110,385	2,555	155	470	2,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,990	19,360	335	35	255	355
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	35,215	34,360	705	25	120	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,365	56,670	1,520	90	90	1,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,325	7,095	205	0	20	205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,745	3,580	150	0	15	150
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	3,585	3,520	55	0	10	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,835	29,070	710	15	40	720
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,705	1,675	30	0	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,500	18,825	570	70	35	605
Bachelor's degree	14,190	13,740	395	30	20	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,490	1,435	40	15	0	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	475	460	10	10	0	15
Master's degree	3,000	2,870	110	15	10	115
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	340	320	20	0	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	113,575	110,385	2,560	155	475	2,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	55,205	53,720	1,040	60	375	1,075
Education	3,620	3,440	165	10	0	170
13. Education	3,625	3,440	165	10	10	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,355	2,275	70	0	0	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	415	405	15	0	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	1,935	1,870	55	10	0	60
Humanities	2,645	2,585	55	0	0	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	145	25	0	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	740	735	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	615	600	10	0	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	185	185	0	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	335	325	0	0	0	10
54. History	505	495	0	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	105	95	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,555	7,355	175	10	10	180
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	80	70	10	0	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	745	730	15	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,600	1,570	25	0	10	25
22. Legal professions and studies	1,245	1,220	30	0	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	130	120	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,400	1,340	60	0	10	55
45. Social sciences	2,345	2,310	35	10	0	35
Business, management and public administration	11,210	10,940	260	10	15	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	35	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,110	1,080	30	0	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,070	9,825	230	10	10	230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,480	1,455	20	0	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	690	680	10	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	350	350	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	40	40	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	285	280	10	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	115	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,860	1,805	60	0	0	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,485	1,435	50	0	0	55
25. Library science	115	115	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	230	225	0	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	30	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,920	10,580	275	15	55	280
04. Architecture and related services	385	380	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,530	1,430	65	15	20	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,900	2,800	75	10	15	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,280	2,225	45	0	10	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,460	2,400	50	0	10	50
48. Precision production	1,360	1,330	30	0	0	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	825	815	0	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	425	425	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	390	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,610	10,355	235	15	10	245
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	935	910	25	0	0	25
51. Health professions and related programs	9,580	9,355	210	10	0	215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	95	0	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,285	5,065	210	10	10	215
12. Personal and culinary services	2,280	2,205	65	0	0	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	25	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	60	15	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	1,975	1,905	70	0	0	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	935	870	55	0	0	60
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	113,575	110,390	2,560	150	475	2,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,210	53,720	1,040	65	375	1,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	58,365	56,665	1,520	90	95	1,560
Location of study inside Canada	52,420	50,960	1,430	25	10	1,445
Same as province or territory of residence	49,025	47,905	1,080	25	0	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	3,400	3,050	350	0	0	345
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	5,945	5,705	80	65	85	115
United States^Footnote 130	1,070	1,045	20	10	0	25
Philippines	405	405	0	0	0	0
India	430	425	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	935	930	0	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	280	255	0	0	25	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	2,805	2,650	45	55	55	70
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	113,575	110,385	2,555	150	470	not applicable ...
In the labour force	78,945	76,930	1,805	100	115	not applicable ...
Employed	73,075	71,170	1,700	85	115	not applicable ...
Unemployed	5,870	5,755	100	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	34,630	33,460	750	60	355	not applicable ...
Participation rate	69.5	69.7	70.6	66.7	24.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	64.3	64.5	66.5	56.7	24.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.5	5.5	10.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	113,575	110,390	2,560	155	470	2,635
Did not work^Footnote 135	32,615	31,545	675	45	350	695
Worked	80,960	78,845	1,885	105	120	1,940
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	43,540	42,365	1,100	35	40	1,115
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	37,415	36,480	785	70	85	820
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.3	43.7	36.2	42.4	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	83,370	81,185	1,935	105	140	1,990
a.Management	8,190	7,975	195	10	10	200
00 Senior management occupations	615	600	10	0	10	15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,635	2,530	100	0	0	105
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,345	3,285	45	0	10	45
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,595	1,555	40	0	0	40
b.Professional	12,340	11,880	425	40	0	445
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,920	1,855	65	0	0	65
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,905	1,865	40	0	0	40
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,555	1,535	20	0	0	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,015	975	30	10	0	35
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,610	3,385	195	25	0	210
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,685	1,645	40	0	0	40
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	645	610	35	0	0	35
c.Technical and paraprofessional	9,190	8,920	260	10	0	265
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,645	2,565	75	0	0	75
32 Technical occupations in health	1,685	1,660	25	10	0	25
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,800	1,760	40	0	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,500	1,430	70	0	0	70
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,560	1,505	55	0	0	55
d.Administration and administrative support	9,285	9,045	240	0	10	245
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,605	3,475	120	0	0	120
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	735	725	10	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	3,270	3,200	65	0	0	65
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,685	1,640	45	0	0	45
e.Sales	10,080	9,940	125	10	10	130
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,050	2,010	30	10	10	35
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	5,015	4,955	50	10	0	55
66 Sales support occupations	3,015	2,970	40	0	0	40
f.Personal and customer information services	15,980	15,505	360	30	85	375
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,565	1,525	30	0	0	30
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,685	1,605	60	0	20	65
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,745	2,660	30	0	50	35
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,690	4,515	160	0	0	165
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,305	5,195	80	10	20	85
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,770	6,615	130	0	20	130
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,555	4,435	95	10	20	100
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,215	2,185	30	0	0	30
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,045	5,945	85	0	10	85
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,550	1,520	35	0	0	30
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,310	3,275	20	0	10	20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,185	1,150	30	0	0	35
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,090	1,070	20	0	0	25
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	160	165	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	160	10	0	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	765	750	15	0	0	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,390	4,300	90	0	0	90
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	550	525	25	0	0	25
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	810	775	30	0	0	35
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,985	1,960	25	0	0	30
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,050	1,035	10	0	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	83,365	81,190	1,935	110	135	1,985
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	395	395	0	0	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	320	320	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	20	15	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	55	55	10	0	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	155	150	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	75	80	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	65	60	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	770	740	30	0	0	30
221 Utilities	770	740	30	0	0	30
23 Construction	6,775	6,585	165	0	20	170
236 Construction of buildings	1,660	1,595	55	0	0	55
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	810	785	30	0	0	25
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,305	4,205	85	10	15	85
31-33 Manufacturing	7,995	7,835	145	10	10	150
311 Food manufacturing	445	445	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	120	125	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	75	75	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	15	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	140	140	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	340	335	10	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	230	230	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	345	325	20	0	0	20
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	540	520	20	0	0	20
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	330	325	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	120	125	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	685	675	10	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	690	675	15	10	0	15
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	200	200	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	2,765	2,715	50	10	0	50
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	245	225	10	0	10	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	560	540	20	0	0	20
41 Wholesale trade	3,265	3,220	40	0	0	40
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	25	20	0	0	0	10
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	25	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	515	510	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	335	335	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	390	385	10	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	635	625	10	0	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	790	780	15	0	0	15
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	430	420	10	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	120	125	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	11,565	11,370	165	20	10	180
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,470	1,465	10	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	480	475	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	640	625	10	0	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	890	880	15	0	0	15
445 Food and beverage stores	1,885	1,855	25	0	10	30
446 Health and personal care stores	1,080	1,055	25	10	0	25
447 Gasoline stations	205	205	0	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,310	1,270	30	10	0	35
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	710	710	0	0	0	10
452 General merchandise stores	1,750	1,725	20	10	0	25
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	840	830	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	300	285	15	0	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,915	3,790	105	10	10	110
481 Air transportation	525	460	60	10	0	65
482 Rail transportation	225	210	15	0	0	15
483 Water transportation	15	15	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	910	890	10	0	10	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	865	860	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	20	20	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	420	420	0	0	0	10
491 Postal service	320	310	15	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	420	415	10	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	180	180	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,765	1,715	50	0	0	55
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	340	335	10	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	250	240	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	165	165	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	765	725	35	0	0	35
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	60	55	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	195	195	0	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,560	2,515	40	0	0	40
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,380	1,355	20	0	10	20
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	325	315	10	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	845	830	15	0	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	15	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,645	1,610	35	10	0	35
531 Real estate	1,395	1,355	35	0	0	35
532 Rental and leasing services	245	245	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,495	4,440	60	0	0	60
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,495	4,435	60	0	0	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	110	110	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	110	110	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,875	4,770	90	10	10	100
561 Administrative and support services	4,625	4,515	90	10	10	100
562 Waste management and remediation services	255	250	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	6,260	5,935	295	30	0	305
611 Educational services	6,255	5,935	290	30	0	305
62 Health care and social assistance	9,455	9,235	190	15	15	195
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,345	3,250	80	10	0	85
622 Hospitals	2,040	2,015	20	10	0	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,215	2,170	45	0	0	45
624 Social assistance	1,845	1,795	35	0	15	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,985	1,910	80	0	0	75
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	310	295	20	0	0	20
712 Heritage institutions	70	70	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,605	1,550	60	0	0	55
72 Accommodation and food services	6,915	6,740	120	0	55	125
721 Accommodation services	650	645	0	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	6,260	6,095	115	0	50	115
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,215	3,115	90	10	10	90
811 Repair and maintenance	1,020	1,005	10	0	0	15
812 Personal and laundry services	1,195	1,175	15	0	0	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	830	775	50	0	0	55
814 Private households	175	160	10	0	0	10
91 Public administration	5,245	5,005	230	0	0	230
911 Federal government public administration	1,510	1,380	135	0	0	135
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,120	1,070	35	0	0	40
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,590	2,530	55	0	0	55
914 Aboriginal public administration	20	20	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	73,075	71,175	1,705	85	115	1,745
Worked at home	4,555	4,425	110	0	0	120
Worked outside Canada	230	220	10	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,220	8,990	190	20	25	200
Worked at usual place	59,070	57,540	1,385	60	85	1,420
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	83,370	81,185	1,935	105	135	1,990
English	81,980	80,405	1,480	55	30	1,515
French	560	225	320	15	0	325
Non-official language	290	180	0	15	95	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	295	180	0	15	100	0
English and French	295	145	130	20	0	140
English and non-official language	225	215	10	0	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	83,365	81,190	1,935	110	135	1,990
None	80,840	79,365	1,300	65	115	1,330
English	455	255	170	20	10	175
French	1,260	790	460	15	0	470
Non-official language	775	750	10	10	10	10
Aboriginal	25	30	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	750	725	0	10	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	59,070	57,535	1,390	55	90	1,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	35,350	34,475	775	40	65	795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,560	11,200	360	0	0	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,915	11,640	240	15	25	250
Commute to a different province or territory	235	225	10	0	0	15
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	68,290	66,525	1,580	75	110	1,620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	55,590	54,110	1,350	65	75	1,375
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	5,140	5,045	75	10	15	80
Public transit	3,665	3,575	75	0	10	80
Walked	2,900	2,830	65	0	15	65
Bicycle	365	360	0	10	0	0
Other method	625	605	15	0	0	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	68,290	66,525	1,580	80	110	1,615
Less than 15 minutes	22,400	21,775	555	35	45	565
15 to 29 minutes	20,040	19,545	450	15	25	460
30 to 44 minutes	8,830	8,585	215	10	25	220
45 to 59 minutes	5,870	5,710	155	0	0	160
60 minutes and over	11,150	10,905	205	20	20	215
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	68,290	66,525	1,580	75	110	1,620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,280	7,105	165	10	0	165
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,110	10,815	275	10	15	280
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,950	15,490	435	15	10	445
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,850	13,500	320	25	10	325
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,995	6,800	135	10	50	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	13,100	12,815	255	10	20	260
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	137,435	133,700	2,945	220	570	3,060
Non-movers	116,600	113,470	2,505	195	430	2,605
Movers	20,835	20,235	440	25	140	455
Non-migrants	11,730	11,515	205	0	10	210
Migrants	9,110	8,720	230	25	135	245
Internal migrants	8,240	7,930	205	10	85	215
Intraprovincial migrants	7,525	7,275	155	10	90	160
Interprovincial migrants	710	655	55	10	0	55
External migrants	875	795	25	10	50	30
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	131,240	127,630	2,915	210	490	3,020
Non-movers	74,645	72,720	1,620	95	210	1,670
Movers	56,595	54,905	1,295	115	280	1,350
Non-migrants	30,425	29,720	620	30	55	640
Migrants	26,170	25,190	670	80	225	715
Internal migrants	23,820	22,990	650	40	130	675
Intraprovincial migrants	21,800	21,130	500	40	120	525
Interprovincial migrants	2,020	1,855	150	0	10	155
External migrants	2,350	2,200	20	35	95	40

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Barrie, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.