Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Division No. 2
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984) First official language spoken (6)
Total - First official language spoken English French English and French Neither English nor French Official language minority (number)Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data 74,265 65,870 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data 74,260 65,870 7,200 190 1,005 7,300
0 to 14 years 18,620 16,715 1,150 85 670 1,190
0 to 4 years 6,330 5,255 435 50 600 455
5 to 9 years 6,580 6,100 390 25 75 400
10 to 14 years 5,705 5,360 330 20 0 335
15 to 64 years 47,760 42,735 4,660 85 285 4,695
15 to 19 years 5,610 5,220 375 10 0 385
20 to 24 years 5,060 4,740 300 10 10 305
25 to 29 years 4,865 4,430 395 10 30 405
30 to 34 years 5,120 4,600 510 0 10 510
35 to 39 years 5,010 4,545 415 25 25 430
40 to 44 years 4,825 4,375 405 10 45 410
45 to 49 years 4,445 3,960 440 0 45 445
50 to 54 years 4,845 4,245 550 0 55 550
55 to 59 years 4,380 3,660 690 0 30 690
60 to 64 years 3,600 2,970 575 10 40 580
65 years and over 7,885 6,420 1,390 25 50 1,405
65 to 69 years 2,775 2,260 490 10 15 495
70 to 74 years 2,150 1,635 495 10 0 500
75 to 79 years 1,375 1,160 200 0 10 200
80 to 84 years 875 770 100 0 0 95
85 years and over 710 585 110 0 10 110
85 to 89 years 470 385 75 0 10 75
90 to 94 years 205 175 25 0 0 25
95 to 99 years 35 30 10 0 0 0
100 years and over 0 0 0 0 0 0
Average age 34.6 33.9 42.9 25.9 18.6 not applicable ...
Median age 32.8 32.0 45.6 18.7 3.9 not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 2 55,640 49,160 6,050 100 330 6,100
Married or living common law 37,410 32,745 4,305 70 290 4,340
Married 33,310 29,115 3,850 60 285 3,875
Living common law 4,100 3,630 455 10 0 460
Not married and not living common law 18,235 16,410 1,745 35 40 1,760
Never married 13,390 12,280 1,060 30 20 1,080
Separated 1,135 995 140 0 0 140
Divorced 1,880 1,615 260 0 0 260
Widowed 1,825 1,520 285 0 20 280
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 3 55,640 49,155 6,050 105 335 6,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 52,885 46,565 5,925 100 295 not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 41,740 41,240 46,707 42,428 20,574 not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 34,221 33,552 39,848 43,651 20,060 not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 52,900 46,575 5,935 100 295 not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 34,856 34,496 38,413 36,459 19,577 not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 30,454 30,088 34,481 39,555 19,574 not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 49,000 43,145 5,615 90 150 not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 39,887 39,512 43,295 41,291 19,440 not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 32,279 31,737 36,105 38,809 25,371 not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 36,935 32,585 4,000 70 275 not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 6,847 6,613 8,426 6,903 11,531 not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 4,233 3,852 7,335 2,959 7,773 not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 42,770 37,955 4,620 75 120 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 40,221 39,790 44,162 43,967 22,830 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 33,463 32,927 38,783 50,071 26,360 not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample dataFootnote 4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 not applicable ...
Market income (%)Footnote 5 88.6 88.8 87.8 87.6 48.0 not applicable ...
Employment income (%)Footnote 6 77.9 78.6 73.7 72.5 45.1 not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)Footnote 7 11.5 11.2 12.2 11.4 52.2 not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 8 55,645 49,160 6,050 105 330 6,100
Without total income 2,755 2,590 120 0 40 125
With total income 52,885 46,565 5,925 100 295 5,975
Percentage with total income 95.0 94.7 97.9 95.2 89.4 98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss) 6,950 6,360 495 too unreliable to be published F 80 505
$10,000 to $19,999 8,875 7,920 875 too unreliable to be published F 70 885
$20,000 to $29,999 7,615 6,735 805 too unreliable to be published F 70 815
$30,000 to $39,999 6,945 6,080 795 too unreliable to be published F 70 790
$40,000 to $49,999 6,415 5,590 810 too unreliable to be published F 10 810
$50,000 to $59,999 4,500 3,915 560 too unreliable to be published F 0 570
$60,000 to $69,999 3,500 3,000 485 too unreliable to be published F 0 490
$70,000 to $79,999 2,390 2,035 335 too unreliable to be published F 0 345
$80,000 to $89,999 1,895 1,595 300 too unreliable to be published F 0 300
$90,000 to $99,999 1,090 945 145 too unreliable to be published F 0 145
$100,000 and over 2,700 2,385 315 too unreliable to be published F 0 315
$100,000 to $149,999 2,065 1,815 250 too unreliable to be published F 0 250
$150,000 and over 630 570 70 too unreliable to be published F 0 65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 9 55,640 49,160 6,050 105 335 6,100
Without after-tax income 2,745 2,580 115 10 35 115
With after-tax income 52,900 46,570 5,935 95 295 5,985
Percentage with after-tax income 95.1 94.7 98.1 90.5 88.1 98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss) 7,125 6,505 530 too unreliable to be published F 75 535
$10,000 to $19,999 9,615 8,600 920 too unreliable to be published F 75 935
$20,000 to $29,999 9,305 8,140 1,085 too unreliable to be published F 75 1,085
$30,000 to $39,999 8,605 7,605 935 too unreliable to be published F 55 940
$40,000 to $49,999 6,650 5,695 930 too unreliable to be published F 0 940
$50,000 to $59,999 4,520 3,895 610 too unreliable to be published F 10 615
$60,000 to $69,999 2,990 2,530 440 too unreliable to be published F 0 450
$70,000 to $79,999 1,790 1,580 205 too unreliable to be published F 0 205
$80,000 and over 2,300 2,020 280 too unreliable to be published F 0 280
$80,000 to $89,999 930 815 115 too unreliable to be published F 0 115
$90,000 to $99,999 450 385 70 too unreliable to be published F 0 70
$100,000 and over 915 815 100 too unreliable to be published F 0 100
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 10 55,640 49,155 6,050 100 330 6,100
Without employment income 12,875 11,200 1,435 30 210 1,445
With employment income 42,765 37,955 4,620 70 120 4,655
Percentage with employment income 76.9 77.2 76.4 70.0 36.4 76.3
Under $5,000 (including loss) 5,110 4,555 520 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 525
$5,000 to $9,999 3,145 2,850 285 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 290
$10,000 to $19,999 5,755 5,180 570 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 570
$20,000 to $29,999 5,495 4,945 490 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 500
$30,000 to $39,999 5,380 4,845 490 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 490
$40,000 to $49,999 4,805 4,215 590 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 590
$50,000 to $59,999 3,535 3,085 430 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 440
$60,000 to $69,999 2,820 2,415 385 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 390
$70,000 to $79,999 1,955 1,710 235 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 240
$80,000 and over 4,775 4,155 620 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 625
$80,000 to $89,999 1,600 1,355 245 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 245
$90,000 to $99,999 990 870 125 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 120
$100,000 and over 2,185 1,935 255 too unreliable to be published F too unreliable to be published F 250
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 11 55,645 49,160 6,050 105 335 6,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 12 21,725 19,290 2,335 45 55 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 13 48,670 47,892 53,920 62,669 30,750 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 14 56,013 55,376 61,919 59,610 28,388 not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 15 74,265 65,865 7,205 190 1,005 7,295
English only 60,405 60,405 0 0 0 0
French only 220 0 220 0 0 225
English and French 12,615 5,455 6,975 190 0 7,070
Neither English nor French 1,020 10 0 0 1,005 10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 16 74,265 65,870 7,205 190 1,005 7,295
English 60,260 57,115 3,140 0 0 3,140
French 3,945 140 3,805 0 0 3,805
Non-official language 6,890 5,845 10 30 1,005 20
Aboriginal 10 0 10 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 6,880 5,840 0 35 1,005 20
English and French 495 110 240 150 0 315
English and non-official language 2,660 2,655 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 15 0 10 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 10 0 0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 17 74,265 65,870 7,205 190 1,005 7,295
None 60,545 56,140 3,335 170 910 3,420
English 5,040 2,905 2,105 15 20 2,115
French 3,490 1,770 1,725 0 0 1,725
Non-official language 5,040 4,935 20 10 80 25
Aboriginal 40 30 10 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 5,000 4,905 15 0 75 15
English and French 0 0 0 0 0 0
English and non-official language 105 85 15 0 0 20
French and non-official language 40 40 0 0 0 10
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 18 74,265 65,870 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
English 47,850 47,850 10 0 0 0
French 7,330 235 7,095 0 0 7,095
Non-official language 17,575 16,525 15 40 1,005 35
Aboriginal 80 80 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 17,495 16,440 15 40 1,005 35
English and French 660 430 75 150 0 150
English and non-official language 825 825 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 20 0 15 0 0 15
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 19 74,260 65,865 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Official languages 73,245 65,860 7,195 185 0 7,285
English 73,020 65,860 6,975 190 0 7,065
French 12,840 5,455 7,195 185 0 7,290
Non-official languages 19,975 18,675 255 45 1,005 275
Aboriginal languages 190 145 50 0 0 45
Non-Aboriginal languages 19,780 18,530 205 40 1,005 225
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 20 74,265 65,870 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Aboriginal identityFootnote 21 9,865 7,635 2,220 15 0 2,230
Single Aboriginal responsesFootnote 22 9,735 7,520 2,200 15 0 2,205
First Nations (North American Indian)Footnote 23 2,275 2,225 35 10 0 40
Métis 7,420 5,245 2,160 10 0 2,170
Inuk (Inuit) 45 45 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesFootnote 24 85 65 20 0 0 20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 25 45 45 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal identity 64,400 58,240 4,980 170 1,005 5,070
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 26 74,265 65,870 7,205 190 1,005 7,295
Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 27 2,170 2,090 75 0 0 75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 72,095 63,775 7,130 185 1,005 7,220
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 28 74,265 65,865 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 29 2,155 1,855 295 10 0 295
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 30 2,150 1,855 295 0 0 295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryFootnote 31 1,295 1,265 25 10 0 25
Métis single ancestry 830 560 265 0 0 270
Inuit single ancestry 30 30 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Footnote 32 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 10 0 10 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 33 8,400 6,430 1,965 10 0 1,965
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 34 8,045 6,125 1,905 10 0 1,910
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 1,495 1,410 85 0 0 80
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 6,530 4,700 1,820 10 0 1,830
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 15 20 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 35 360 305 55 0 0 55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 350 295 60 0 0 55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 10 10 0 0 0 0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 36 63,705 57,580 4,945 175 1,005 5,030
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 37 74,265 65,865 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Canadian citizensFootnote 38 68,285 60,320 7,115 165 685 7,195
Canadian citizens only 66,890 58,950 7,095 155 675 7,175
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country 1,390 1,365 20 10 10 20
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 39 5,980 5,550 90 25 315 100
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 40 74,265 65,865 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Non-immigrantsFootnote 41 62,600 54,740 7,075 155 630 7,150
ImmigrantsFootnote 42 11,120 10,610 130 40 345 145
Before 1981 2,065 2,010 30 10 20 35
1981 to 1990 870 870 0 0 0 0
1991 to 2000 1,200 1,180 10 0 0 10
2001 to 2010 5,445 5,185 25 20 205 35
2001 to 2005 2,370 2,270 10 10 75 20
2006 to 2010 3,075 2,920 10 10 130 20
2011 to 2016Footnote 43 1,540 1,360 60 10 105 60
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 44 545 515 0 0 25 0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 45 11,125 10,615 125 35 350 145
Under 5 years 2,205 2,110 30 0 65 30
5 to 14 years 3,185 3,125 35 10 15 40
15 to 24 years 1,975 1,955 10 0 15 10
25 to 44 years 3,180 2,945 50 25 160 65
45 years and over 570 470 10 0 90 10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 46 11,120 10,615 130 40 345 140
Americas 3,885 3,790 10 0 85 10
Brazil 20 15 0 0 0 0
Colombia 45 35 0 0 10 0
El Salvador 10 10 10 0 0 0
Guyana 10 10 0 0 0 0
Haiti 20 15 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 20 25 0 0 0 0
Mexico 1,035 1,010 0 0 25 0
Peru 10 10 0 0 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago 10 10 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 47 510 495 10 0 10 10
Other places of birth in Americas 2,215 2,170 0 0 45 0
Europe 4,690 4,415 95 30 150 110
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 0 0 0 0 0
Croatia 10 10 0 0 0 0
France 80 10 75 0 0 75
Germany 2,285 2,240 0 10 35 10
Greece 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hungary 40 40 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 48 50 50 0 0 0 0
Italy 35 35 0 0 0 0
Netherlands 215 210 10 0 0 0
Poland 75 70 10 0 0 0
Portugal 20 25 0 0 0 0
Romania 15 10 0 0 0 0
Russian Federation 865 735 0 15 110 10
SerbiaFootnote 49 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 140 135 0 0 10 0
United KingdomFootnote 50 650 650 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 215 200 15 0 0 15
Africa 270 260 10 0 0 10
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 30 25 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 55 55 0 0 0 0
Kenya 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 0 10 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 15 15 0 0 0 0
Somalia 10 10 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 65 70 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 90 80 10 0 0 10
Asia 2,235 2,115 10 0 115 10
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 51 45 40 0 0 10 0
Hong KongFootnote 52 0 10 0 0 0 0
India 115 110 0 0 0 0
IranFootnote 53 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iraq 10 10 0 0 0 0
Japan 10 0 10 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 54 15 20 0 0 0 0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistan 0 10 0 0 0 0
Philippines 1,095 1,100 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 55 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 85 85 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 850 745 0 0 105 0
Oceania and other places of birthFootnote 56 30 30 0 0 0 0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 57 1,540 1,365 60 10 105 65
Americas 245 205 10 0 25 10
Brazil 0 0 0 0 0 0
Colombia 20 10 0 0 10 0
Cuba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 0 10 0 0 0 0
Mexico 45 45 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 58 95 75 10 0 10 10
VenezuelaFootnote 59 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Americas 80 75 0 0 10 0
Europe 490 375 50 10 55 60
France 50 0 50 0 0 50
Germany 175 140 0 0 25 0
IrelandFootnote 60 0 0 0 0 0 0
MoldovaFootnote 61 10 0 0 0 0 0
Romania 0 0 0 0 0 0
Russian Federation 140 110 0 10 25 10
Ukraine 80 75 0 0 10 0
United KingdomFootnote 62 25 25 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 15 15 0 0 0 0
Africa 40 40 0 0 0 0
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0 0 0 0 0 0
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 20 20 0 0 0 0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 10 0 0 0 0 0
Somalia 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 15 15 0 0 0 0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 10 10 0 0 0 0
Asia 760 735 0 0 25 0
Afghanistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 63 10 15 0 0 0 0
Hong KongFootnote 64 0 10 0 0 0 0
India 45 45 0 0 0 0
IranFootnote 65 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iraq 10 10 0 0 0 0
Israel 0 0 0 0 0 0
Japan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 66 0 10 0 0 0 0
Lebanon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistan 0 10 0 0 0 0
Philippines 555 550 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 0 0 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 67 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turkey 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Arab Emirates 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 15 15 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 115 90 0 0 25 0
Oceania and otherFootnote 68 10 0 0 0 0 0
Australia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birthFootnote 69 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 70 74,265 65,865 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
First generationFootnote 71 12,270 11,705 145 35 385 165
Second generationFootnote 72 11,585 10,750 220 10 610 225
Third generation or moreFootnote 73 50,410 43,415 6,835 150 10 6,915
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataFootnote 74 9,245 8,785 100 30 325 115
Economic immigrantsFootnote 75 6,530 6,180 75 30 250 90
Principal applicantsFootnote 76 1,610 1,510 25 20 65 35
Secondary applicantsFootnote 77 4,920 4,670 50 10 190 55
Immigrants sponsored by familyFootnote 78 2,275 2,195 15 0 65 15
RefugeesFootnote 79 405 380 10 0 15 10
Other immigrantsFootnote 80 30 30 0 0 0 0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 81 74,265 65,870 7,200 190 1,005 7,295
Total visible minority populationFootnote 82 3,325 3,220 70 10 30 70
South AsianFootnote 83 340 345 0 0 0 0
Chinese 180 170 0 0 0 0
Black 630 600 25 0 0 25
Filipino 1,330 1,325 0 0 0 0
Latin American 210 195 0 0 10 0
Arab 65 55 10 10 0 10
Southeast AsianFootnote 84 265 250 10 0 10 15
West AsianFootnote 85 10 10 0 0 0 0
Korean 60 60 0 0 0 0
Japanese 40 25 20 0 0 20
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 86 55 55 0 0 0 0
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 87 135 125 0 0 0 0
Not a visible minorityFootnote 88 70,940 62,645 7,130 180 975 7,225
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 89 74,260 65,870 7,205 190 1,005 7,295
North American Aboriginal origins 10,555 8,285 2,260 15 0 2,265
First Nations (North American Indian) 3,155 2,985 170 0 0 165
Inuit 50 55 0 0 0 0
Métis 7,720 5,560 2,150 10 0 2,155
Other North American origins 23,525 19,595 3,785 90 55 3,830
Acadian 30 25 10 0 0 0
American 700 635 65 0 0 65
Canadian 23,180 19,270 3,765 95 55 3,815
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 0 0 0
Newfoundlander 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ontarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Québécois 10 0 10 0 0 0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 90 10 0 0 0 0 0
European origins 58,475 51,955 5,430 145 945 5,500
British Isles origins 18,380 17,600 735 45 0 755
Channel Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cornish 0 0 0 0 0 0
English 10,500 10,125 340 35 0 360
Irish 6,705 6,455 250 0 0 250
Manx 10 0 0 0 0 0
Scottish 8,275 7,985 285 10 0 285
Welsh 585 580 0 0 0 10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Footnote 91 880 875 10 0 0 10
French origins 14,035 8,735 5,195 100 0 5,245
Alsatian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Breton 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corsican 0 0 0 0 0 0
French 14,035 8,740 5,195 95 0 5,245
Western European origins (except French origins) 31,340 29,850 785 25 690 795
Austrian 565 555 15 0 0 15
Bavarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Belgian 1,500 1,080 420 0 0 420
Dutch 6,250 6,190 50 0 10 50
Flemish 30 35 0 0 0 0
Frisian 40 35 0 0 0 0
German 25,945 24,955 280 20 690 285
Luxembourger 20 15 10 0 0 10
Swiss 460 370 75 0 10 80
Western European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 92 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 3,200 3,115 65 0 15 70
Danish 320 320 0 0 0 0
Finnish 150 150 0 0 0 0
Icelandic 915 890 25 0 10 20
Norwegian 755 730 10 0 10 15
Swedish 1,165 1,130 30 0 0 35
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 93 175 175 0 0 0 0
Eastern European origins 20,760 19,970 350 50 390 375
Bulgarian 20 20 0 0 0 0
Byelorussian 85 85 0 0 0 0
Czech 200 190 10 0 0 10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Footnote 94 75 75 0 0 0 0
Estonian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 425 410 10 0 0 10
Latvian 60 45 0 0 10 0
Lithuanian 70 70 0 0 0 0
Moldovan 30 30 0 0 10 0
Polish 4,385 4,235 135 0 10 135
Romanian 190 175 10 0 0 10
Russian 10,145 9,795 15 10 325 20
Slovak 230 225 10 0 0 10
Ukrainian 8,845 8,465 220 45 115 245
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 95 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins 1,630 1,520 95 0 10 100
Albanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 15 10 0 0 0 0
Catalan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Croatian 45 45 0 0 0 0
Cypriot 0 0 0 0 0 0
Greek 130 120 10 0 0 10
Italian 810 760 50 0 0 55
Kosovar 0 0 0 0 0 0
Macedonian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Maltese 20 20 0 0 0 0
Montenegrin 0 0 0 0 0 0
Portuguese 235 215 10 0 0 15
Serbian 10 15 0 0 0 0
Sicilian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slovenian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Spanish 400 365 30 0 0 30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Footnote 96 35 40 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 97 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other European origins 430 405 10 0 10 10
Basque 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jewish 230 220 0 0 10 0
Roma (Gypsy) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slavic, n.o.s.Footnote 98 20 20 0 0 0 0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 99 180 170 10 0 0 10
Caribbean origins 375 355 15 0 0 20
Antiguan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bahamian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Barbadian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bermudan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carib 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cuban 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dominican 15 15 0 0 0 0
Grenadian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Guadeloupean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haitian 35 30 10 0 0 15
Jamaican 140 145 0 0 0 0
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Martinican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montserratan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Puerto Rican 0 0 0 0 0 0
St. Lucian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 150 150 0 0 0 0
Vincentian/Grenadinian 15 15 0 0 0 0
West Indian, n.o.s.Footnote 100 15 15 0 0 0 0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Footnote 101 20 15 0 0 0 10
Latin, Central and South American origins 2,640 2,585 10 0 50 0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 25 25 0 0 0 0
Arawak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Argentinian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Belizean 60 60 0 0 0 0
Bolivian 105 95 0 0 0 0
Brazilian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Chilean 95 95 0 0 0 0
Colombian 55 45 0 0 10 0
Costa Rican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ecuadorian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Guatemalan 0 10 0 0 0 0
Guyanese 45 45 0 0 0 0
Hispanic 10 0 0 0 0 0
Honduran 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maya 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mexican 1,195 1,175 0 0 20 0
Nicaraguan 10 15 0 0 0 0
Panamanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Paraguayan 1,180 1,165 0 0 15 0
Peruvian 20 20 0 0 0 0
Salvadorean 15 15 0 0 0 0
Uruguayan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Venezuelan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 102 45 40 10 0 0 0
African origins 595 555 40 10 0 35
Central and West African origins 80 75 0 0 0 0
Akan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Angolan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ashanti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beninese 0 10 0 0 0 0
Burkinabe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chadian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congolese 10 10 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gabonese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ghanaian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Guinean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ibo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ivorian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Liberian 20 15 0 0 0 0
Malian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigerian 20 15 0 0 0 0
Peulh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senegalese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sierra Leonean 10 10 0 0 0 0
Togolese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 103 30 30 0 0 0 0
North African origins 120 90 30 10 0 30
Algerian 0 0 10 0 0 0
Berber 10 10 0 0 0 0
Coptic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egyptian 65 55 0 10 0 0
Libyan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maure 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moroccan 25 10 25 0 0 25
Sudanese 20 20 0 0 0 0
Tunisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
North African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 104 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 150 155 0 0 0 0
Afrikaner 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amhara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Footnote 105 0 0 0 0 0 0
Burundian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopian 45 45 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 15 15 0 0 0 0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mauritian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oromo 10 10 0 0 0 0
Rwandan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Seychellois 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 15 15 0 0 0 0
South African 65 65 0 0 0 0
Tanzanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tigrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ugandan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zimbabwean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zulu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 106 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other African origins 260 250 10 0 0 10
Black, n.o.s.Footnote 107 35 35 0 0 0 0
Other African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 108 225 215 10 0 0 10
Asian origins 2,775 2,690 55 0 30 55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 315 290 10 0 15 10
Afghan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arab, n.o.s.Footnote 109 15 15 0 0 0 0
Armenian 10 0 10 0 0 0
Assyrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 0 0 0 0 0 0
Georgian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hazara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iranian 40 40 0 0 0 0
Iraqi 10 10 0 0 0 0
Israeli 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jordanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kazakh 85 70 0 0 15 0
Kurd 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kyrgyz 10 10 0 0 0 0
Lebanese 50 50 0 0 0 0
Palestinian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pashtun 0 0 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabian 15 20 0 0 0 0
Syrian 15 15 0 0 0 0
Tajik 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tatar 25 25 0 0 0 0
Turk 35 30 0 0 0 0
Turkmen 10 10 0 0 0 0
Uighur 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yemeni 0 0 0 0 0 0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Footnote 110 15 15 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins 440 435 0 0 0 0
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bengali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bhutanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
East Indian 395 395 0 0 0 0
Goan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistani 35 35 0 0 0 0
Punjabi 10 0 0 0 0 0
Sinhalese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sri Lankan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tamil 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 111 0 0 0 0 0 0
East and Southeast Asian origins 2,010 1,945 45 0 15 50
Burmese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cambodian (Khmer) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chinese 350 340 0 0 10 0
Filipino 1,405 1,390 10 0 0 0
Hmong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indonesian 35 35 0 0 0 0
Japanese 45 20 25 0 0 25
Karen 10 0 0 0 0 0
Korean 60 55 0 0 10 0
Laotian 105 95 10 0 0 15
Malaysian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Singaporean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwanese 15 15 0 0 0 0
Thai 25 15 10 0 0 10
Tibetan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 135 130 0 0 0 0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 112 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins 30 30 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 113 30 30 0 0 0 0
Oceania origins 130 130 0 0 0 0
Australian 50 50 0 0 0 0
New Zealander 30 30 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins 50 50 0 0 0 0
Fijian 30 30 0 0 0 0
Hawaiian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maori 0 0 0 0 0 0
Samoan 25 25 0 0 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Footnote 114 15 20 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Footnote 115 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 116 55,645 49,160 6,055 105 335 6,105
No certificate, diploma or degree 15,035 13,400 1,465 20 150 1,475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 117 17,395 15,560 1,695 35 105 1,710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 23,215 20,195 2,890 50 80 2,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 5,370 4,530 805 10 30 810
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 118 2,455 1,980 455 10 15 460
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 119 2,915 2,545 355 0 10 355
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 9,730 8,545 1,130 25 35 1,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 1,510 1,275 235 0 0 235
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 6,610 5,855 720 20 15 725
Bachelor's degree 5,050 4,480 540 15 10 550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 525 420 105 0 0 105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 155 150 10 0 0 0
Master's degree 770 705 55 0 0 60
Earned doctorateFootnote 120 105 100 10 0 0 0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 121 55,645 49,155 6,050 105 335 6,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 122 32,435 28,960 3,160 60 250 3,185
Education 2,275 1,850 430 0 0 430
13. Education 2,280 1,850 430 0 0 430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 450 415 40 0 0 35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 75 65 10 0 0 10
50. Visual and performing arts 375 345 25 0 0 25
Humanities 1,460 1,370 80 10 0 80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 50 35 20 0 0 15
23. English language and literature/letters 70 65 0 0 0 0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 310 275 25 0 0 30
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 123 0 0 0 0 0 0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 120 120 0 0 0 0
39. Theology and religious vocations 795 780 10 0 0 0
54. History 85 70 15 0 0 15
55. French language and literature/letters 25 20 0 0 0 0
Social and behavioural sciences and law 1,570 1,380 175 15 10 180
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 25 25 0 0 0 0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 90 75 15 0 0 15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 500 420 70 0 10 70
22. Legal professions and studies 330 295 35 10 0 35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 124 25 30 0 0 0 0
42. Psychology 220 205 20 0 0 20
45. Social sciences 370 335 30 10 0 35
Business, management and public administration 4,105 3,505 585 20 0 595
30.16 Accounting and computer science 25 10 15 0 0 15
44. Public administration and social service professions 300 250 50 0 0 50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 3,790 3,250 520 15 0 530
Physical and life sciences and technologies 400 390 10 0 0 15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 140 130 0 0 0 10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 145 145 10 0 0 0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 125 15 10 0 0 0 0
40. Physical sciences 70 70 0 0 0 0
41. Science technologies/technicians 30 30 0 0 0 0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 635 560 65 0 10 65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 530 470 50 0 10 50
25. Library science 50 35 20 0 0 15
27. Mathematics and statistics 50 45 0 0 0 0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 126 0 10 0 0 0 0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 5,310 4,570 695 0 40 700
04. Architecture and related services 50 45 10 0 0 0
14. Engineering 340 310 15 0 10 15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 970 845 115 10 0 120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 1,605 1,375 220 0 10 220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 1,715 1,495 215 0 10 220
48. Precision production 630 500 120 0 10 125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 1,105 1,015 90 0 0 90
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 1,000 920 85 0 0 80
03. Natural resources and conservation 100 95 10 0 0 10
Health and related fields 4,085 3,645 415 0 20 420
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 195 170 25 0 0 20
51. Health professions and related programs 3,865 3,455 390 10 15 395
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 25 20 0 0 0 0
Personal, protective and transportation services 1,815 1,500 310 0 10 305
12. Personal and culinary services 960 815 145 0 10 140
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0 0 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 20 20 0 0 0 0
43. Security and protective services 395 345 45 0 0 45
49. Transportation and materials moving 440 325 110 0 0 115
Other 10 0 0 0 0 0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 0 10 0 0 0 0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 127 55,645 49,155 6,050 100 335 6,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 32,430 28,960 3,160 60 255 3,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 128 23,210 20,195 2,890 45 80 2,915
Location of study inside Canada 20,645 17,770 2,840 25 0 2,850
Same as province or territory of residence 18,295 15,650 2,610 25 0 2,625
Different than province or territory of residence 2,350 2,120 225 0 0 230
Location of study outside CanadaFootnote 129 2,570 2,425 50 20 75 65
United StatesFootnote 130 365 340 25 0 0 20
Philippines 600 595 0 0 0 0
India 50 55 0 0 0 0
United KingdomFootnote 131 155 155 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 132 25 15 0 0 0 0
France 20 0 25 0 0 25
Other 1,355 1,265 10 20 65 20
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataFootnote 133 55,640 49,155 6,050 105 335 not applicable ...
In the labour force 39,525 35,235 4,130 70 90 not applicable ...
Employed 37,535 33,430 3,960 65 85 not applicable ...
Unemployed 1,995 1,805 170 10 10 not applicable ...
Not in the labour force 16,115 13,925 1,925 30 240 not applicable ...
Participation rate 71.0 71.7 68.3 66.7 26.9 not applicable ...
Employment rate 67.5 68.0 65.5 61.9 25.4 not applicable ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.1 4.1 14.3 11.1 not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataFootnote 134 55,645 49,160 6,050 105 335 6,100
Did not workFootnote 135 14,385 12,425 1,695 40 230 1,710
Worked 41,260 36,730 4,355 65 105 4,390
Worked full year, full timeFootnote 136 22,275 19,775 2,395 45 55 2,415
Worked part year and/or part timeFootnote 137 18,990 16,960 1,965 20 45 1,975
Average weeks worked in reference year 43.6 43.6 43.5 44.7 41.2 not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 138 42,540 37,845 4,505 80 115 4,540
a.Management 4,990 4,345 635 0 10 635
00 Senior management occupations 355 300 55 0 0 60
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations 980 830 145 0 0 150
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services 1,255 1,135 110 0 0 115
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities 2,400 2,075 315 0 0 320
b.Professional 4,565 3,920 645 0 0 645
11 Professional occupations in business and finance 820 710 115 0 0 110
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 560 490 70 0 0 65
30 Professional occupations in nursing 685 605 85 0 0 85
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing) 290 265 20 0 0 20
40 Professional occupations in education services 1,195 945 245 0 0 245
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services 715 610 115 0 0 110
51 Professional occupations in art and culture 295 295 0 0 0 0
c.Technical and paraprofessional 3,210 2,895 300 10 10 300
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 915 875 40 0 0 35
32 Technical occupations in health 440 405 35 10 0 35
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services 990 895 90 0 0 95
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services 405 350 60 0 0 55
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 455 370 75 0 10 75
d.Administration and administrative support 5,025 4,455 555 15 0 565
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations 1,875 1,610 255 0 0 260
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations 620 550 65 10 0 70
14 Office support occupations 1,855 1,665 190 0 0 195
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations 680 630 45 0 0 45
e.Sales 3,350 3,080 255 15 0 260
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations 795 710 75 10 0 80
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade 1,455 1,345 110 0 0 110
66 Sales support occupations 1,100 1,025 70 0 0 70
f.Personal and customer information services 7,285 6,520 710 30 20 725
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services 960 880 75 10 0 80
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations 1,430 1,280 140 15 0 150
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations 1,075 970 105 0 0 105
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations 1,480 1,295 175 10 0 175
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c. 2,340 2,095 210 15 25 215
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades 5,220 4,590 595 0 35 590
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades 3,450 3,040 390 0 20 390
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades 1,770 1,555 200 0 15 200
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction 4,545 4,045 490 0 10 490
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers 560 485 70 0 0 70
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations 2,870 2,545 320 0 0 320
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations 1,115 1,010 100 0 0 105
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 2,315 2,125 175 0 10 180
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production 250 215 35 0 0 35
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production 1,630 1,520 95 0 15 95
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers 440 395 45 10 0 50
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 2,035 1,860 145 10 25 150
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators 285 250 35 0 0 35
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers 655 605 35 10 10 40
95 Assemblers in manufacturing 505 455 40 0 0 45
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 595 550 30 0 15 30
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 139 42,540 37,840 4,500 80 115 4,540
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 3,770 3,395 365 0 15 365
111 - 112 FarmsFootnote 140 3,575 3,235 330 0 10 325
113 Forestry and logging 45 25 15 0 0 15
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping 15 10 0 0 0 0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry 140 125 15 0 0 15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 200 175 25 0 0 30
211 Oil and gas extraction 15 20 0 0 0 0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas) 125 100 25 0 0 25
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction 65 60 0 0 0 0
22 Utilities 390 305 80 0 0 85
221 Utilities 390 305 80 0 0 85
23 Construction 5,855 5,265 560 10 20 565
236 Construction of buildings 1,750 1,600 145 0 10 145
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction 605 505 90 0 0 95
238 Specialty trade contractors 3,500 3,155 325 10 10 330
31-33 Manufacturing 4,140 3,725 380 10 30 380
311 Food manufacturing 1,110 1,015 90 10 0 90
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing 25 25 0 0 0 0
313 Textile mills 10 10 0 0 0 0
314 Textile product mills 10 0 0 0 0 0
315 Clothing manufacturing 10 0 0 0 0 0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing 10 0 0 0 0 0
321 Wood product manufacturing 595 550 35 0 0 40
322 Paper manufacturing 45 25 15 0 0 20
323 Printing and related support activities 95 90 0 0 0 0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing 25 10 10 0 0 15
325 Chemical manufacturing 385 385 0 0 10 0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing 90 70 15 0 0 15
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 275 255 15 0 0 20
331 Primary metal manufacturing 115 110 0 0 10 0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing 340 275 65 0 0 60
333 Machinery manufacturing 250 205 45 0 0 45
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing 50 45 0 0 0 0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing 30 20 10 0 0 0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing 265 230 35 0 0 35
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing 290 255 25 0 15 20
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing 135 125 0 0 0 0
41 Wholesale trade 1,340 1,195 130 10 10 135
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers 75 75 0 0 0 0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers 30 20 15 0 0 10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers 120 100 10 0 0 15
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers 100 95 10 0 0 10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers 80 60 20 0 0 20
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers 205 195 15 0 0 15
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 475 425 35 10 0 40
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers 215 200 15 0 0 15
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers 30 25 0 0 0 0
44-45 Retail trade 4,135 3,885 235 10 10 240
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 710 695 10 0 0 10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores 75 65 0 0 10 10
443 Electronics and appliance stores 115 110 10 0 0 0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers 540 495 45 0 0 45
445 Food and beverage stores 870 805 60 10 0 65
446 Health and personal care stores 275 265 10 0 0 10
447 Gasoline stations 405 370 30 0 0 35
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 265 265 0 10 0 0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 115 100 10 0 0 10
452 General merchandise stores 460 430 30 0 0 30
453 Miscellaneous store retailers 150 130 20 0 0 15
454 Non-store retailers 160 145 15 0 0 15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 2,995 2,695 295 0 0 300
481 Air transportation 105 80 25 0 0 20
482 Rail transportation 165 145 20 0 0 20
483 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 0 0
484 Truck transportation 1,985 1,830 155 0 0 150
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation 190 155 30 0 0 35
486 Pipeline transportation 15 10 0 0 0 0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation 0 10 0 0 0 0
488 Support activities for transportation 255 240 15 0 0 15
491 Postal service 130 100 25 0 0 25
492 Couriers and messengers 90 70 15 0 0 15
493 Warehousing and storage 65 60 10 0 0 0
51 Information and cultural industries 415 360 55 0 0 55
511 Publishing industries (except Internet) 75 55 15 0 0 20
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries 10 10 0 0 0 0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet) 70 70 0 0 0 10
517 Telecommunications 180 155 20 0 0 20
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services 10 15 0 0 0 0
519 Other information services 70 55 15 0 0 15
52 Finance and insurance 1,385 1,140 245 0 0 245
521 Monetary authorities - central bank 0 0 0 0 0 0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities 635 530 105 0 0 105
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities 115 95 20 0 0 20
524 Insurance carriers and related activities 625 505 115 0 0 120
526 Funds and other financial vehicles 10 10 0 0 0 0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 450 410 40 0 10 35
531 Real estate 350 315 30 0 0 30
532 Rental and leasing services 100 90 10 0 0 10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works) 0 0 0 0 0 0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 1,285 1,175 105 0 0 105
541 Professional, scientific and technical services 1,285 1,180 100 0 0 105
55 Management of companies and enterprises 65 45 15 0 0 15
551 Management of companies and enterprises 60 45 20 0 0 20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 1,160 1,035 105 0 15 105
561 Administrative and support services 1,065 960 85 0 15 90
562 Waste management and remediation services 90 75 15 0 0 15
61 Educational services 3,085 2,545 540 10 0 545
611 Educational services 3,090 2,545 540 0 0 540
62 Health care and social assistance 4,635 4,100 510 10 10 510
621 Ambulatory health care services 1,105 985 110 0 0 110
622 Hospitals 1,105 950 150 10 0 150
623 Nursing and residential care facilities 1,120 1,020 100 0 0 100
624 Social assistance 1,305 1,140 150 0 10 155
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 670 575 90 0 0 90
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries 105 100 10 0 10 10
712 Heritage institutions 70 50 20 0 0 20
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries 490 430 60 10 0 65
72 Accommodation and food services 2,235 2,115 110 0 10 120
721 Accommodation services 280 265 20 0 0 20
722 Food services and drinking places 1,955 1,855 90 0 0 95
81 Other services (except public administration) 2,120 1,855 240 10 10 245
811 Repair and maintenance 905 830 70 0 0 70
812 Personal and laundry services 490 385 100 10 0 100
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations 545 470 70 0 0 75
814 Private households 175 170 0 10 0 0
91 Public administration 2,235 1,845 375 10 0 380
911 Federal government public administration 805 635 160 10 0 160
912 Provincial and territorial public administration 650 540 100 10 0 105
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration 750 635 110 0 0 115
914 Aboriginal public administration 30 25 0 0 0 0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 141 37,535 33,430 3,960 65 80 3,995
Worked at home 3,285 2,945 330 10 0 330
Worked outside Canada 135 130 0 0 0 10
No fixed workplace address 6,510 5,845 645 10 10 650
Worked at usual place 27,600 24,500 2,980 55 65 3,010
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 142 42,540 37,845 4,505 80 120 4,540
English 40,200 36,890 3,215 60 40 3,245
French 1,195 180 1,005 0 0 1,010
Non-official language 475 400 0 0 75 0
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 475 400 0 0 75 0
English and French 425 140 275 15 0 280
English and non-official language 240 230 0 0 10 0
French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample DataFootnote 143 42,540 37,845 4,500 75 115 4,540
None 37,905 35,280 2,485 40 90 2,505
English 1,010 350 645 10 10 645
French 1,965 590 1,365 20 0 1,375
Non-official language 1,635 1,610 0 10 15 10
Aboriginal 15 15 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 1,620 1,595 0 10 15 10
English and French 0 0 0 0 0 0
English and non-official language 0 10 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 25 10 10 0 0 10
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 27,600 24,500 2,980 50 65 3,005
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 8,385 7,655 690 10 25 700
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 8,950 8,005 900 25 25 915
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 10,145 8,740 1,370 20 20 1,380
Commute to a different province or territory 125 100 20 0 0 25
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 144 34,110 30,345 3,630 60 80 3,655
Car, truck, van - as a driver 29,910 26,620 3,170 55 60 3,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 2,020 1,860 145 0 10 150
Public transit 165 140 25 0 0 30
Walked 1,295 1,090 200 0 0 200
Bicycle 315 280 35 0 0 30
Other method 405 355 45 0 10 45
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 145 34,115 30,345 3,630 65 80 3,660
Less than 15 minutes 11,710 10,530 1,145 0 25 1,145
15 to 29 minutes 8,985 8,010 930 25 15 945
30 to 44 minutes 6,635 5,800 805 10 15 810
45 to 59 minutes 3,665 3,195 435 20 10 445
60 minutes and over 3,120 2,810 305 0 0 305
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 146 34,115 30,345 3,630 60 75 3,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 2,540 2,175 355 15 10 360
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 7,910 6,975 905 10 25 905
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 10,555 9,290 1,230 25 15 1,245
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 6,175 5,445 710 0 10 710
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 2,370 2,225 130 0 10 130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 4,560 4,245 295 10 10 300
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 147 73,075 64,955 7,105 170 845 7,195
Non-movers 63,435 56,015 6,530 150 735 6,605
Movers 9,640 8,935 580 20 105 585
Non-migrants 3,840 3,610 200 0 35 195
Migrants 5,805 5,330 385 20 70 395
Internal migrants 5,410 5,025 335 15 30 345
Intraprovincial migrants 4,775 4,420 315 15 30 320
Interprovincial migrants 640 600 30 10 0 30
External migrants 390 305 45 0 45 40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 148 67,930 60,615 6,770 140 405 6,840
Non-movers 39,270 34,155 4,835 90 195 4,880
Movers 28,660 26,460 1,935 50 210 1,960
Non-migrants 11,335 10,570 695 25 40 710
Migrants 17,325 15,895 1,235 25 170 1,250
Internal migrants 15,440 14,160 1,195 15 70 1,205
Intraprovincial migrants 13,670 12,535 1,065 10 60 1,070
Interprovincial migrants 1,770 1,620 135 10 10 135
External migrants 1,890 1,740 40 0 105 45

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

..

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

x

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

F

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

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