Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Saskatoon, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	241,415	191,860	3,290	605
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	241,420	191,865	3,295	610
0 to 14 years	44,185	36,830	260	215
0 to 4 years	15,735	13,365	75	65
5 to 9 years	14,740	12,315	100	75
10 to 14 years	13,710	11,145	75	75
15 to 64 years	167,260	132,650	2,130	350
15 to 19 years	14,235	11,580	90	40
20 to 24 years	19,415	16,300	130	35
25 to 29 years	21,635	17,695	180	75
30 to 34 years	19,980	15,180	235	65
35 to 39 years	17,110	12,705	190	40
40 to 44 years	15,200	11,140	175	10
45 to 49 years	14,710	10,860	230	10
50 to 54 years	16,010	12,865	280	30
55 to 59 years	15,635	13,200	290	25
60 to 64 years	13,330	11,125	325	20
65 years and over	29,970	22,380	910	40
65 to 69 years	10,105	8,030	300	15
70 to 74 years	6,705	5,225	160	0
75 to 79 years	5,535	4,060	180	0
80 to 84 years	4,075	2,735	170	15
85 years and over	3,540	2,335	95	0
85 to 89 years	2,385	1,585	70	0
90 to 94 years	930	620	20	0
95 to 99 years	205	120	10	0
100 years and over	25	10	0	0
Average age	37.5	36.9	50.0	28.0
Median age	35.3	34.4	52.9	26.1
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	197,230	155,035	3,035	390
Married or living common law	110,765	83,240	1,910	200
Married	93,060	67,390	1,665	155
Living common law	17,705	15,855	250	45
Not married and not living common law	86,465	71,800	1,125	185
Never married	61,930	52,060	595	145
Separated	4,405	3,550	50	15
Divorced	11,685	10,015	225	25
Widowed	8,450	6,170	250	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	197,225	155,035	3,040	390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	189,590	149,680	3,010	360
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,090	55,057	59,067	52,045
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,821	42,516	45,854	38,541
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	189,610	149,695	3,015	355
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,784	44,959	46,220	43,199
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,602	37,759	40,118	34,901
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	175,125	139,815	2,835	310
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,402	54,142	56,302	53,658
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,454	41,045	43,658	40,208
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	126,080	96,470	1,980	255
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,931	6,957	9,253	8,170
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,559	3,589	8,915	4,196
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	149,655	120,320	2,130	285
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,390	51,644	56,655	52,211
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,266	40,766	47,214	40,769
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	91.1	91.9	89.8	88.8
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	74.8	75.4	67.9	80.5
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	8.8	8.1	10.3	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	197,230	155,035	3,040	385
Without total income	7,635	5,360	25	25
With total income	189,590	149,675	3,010	355
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.5	99.0	92.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,020	16,260	195	40
$10,000 to $19,999	25,655	19,035	360	35
$20,000 to $29,999	24,505	18,155	385	55
$30,000 to $39,999	22,100	16,885	345	50
$40,000 to $49,999	20,510	16,360	350	35
$50,000 to $59,999	16,935	13,995	235	45
$60,000 to $69,999	12,840	10,690	270	10
$70,000 to $79,999	9,960	8,555	215	15
$80,000 to $89,999	8,240	7,250	150	20
$90,000 to $99,999	6,130	5,315	120	0
$100,000 and over	19,705	17,190	385	45
$100,000 to $149,999	13,345	11,730	225	35
$150,000 and over	6,360	5,465	160	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	197,230	155,035	3,035	390
Without after-tax income	7,620	5,345	25	30
With after-tax income	189,615	149,695	3,015	360
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.6	99.3	92.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,715	16,815	210	40
$10,000 to $19,999	26,885	19,995	395	40
$20,000 to $29,999	28,510	21,225	405	75
$30,000 to $39,999	27,940	21,750	490	55
$40,000 to $49,999	24,175	19,780	360	50
$50,000 to $59,999	17,335	14,495	340	15
$60,000 to $69,999	12,795	11,055	245	25
$70,000 to $79,999	9,120	8,000	190	15
$80,000 and over	19,155	16,590	375	40
$80,000 to $89,999	5,870	5,110	85	15
$90,000 to $99,999	3,860	3,340	80	10
$100,000 and over	9,425	8,140	210	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	197,225	155,035	3,040	385
Without employment income	47,575	34,720	905	105
With employment income	149,655	120,320	2,135	285
Percentage with employment income	75.9	77.6	70.2	74.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	16,390	12,855	220	15
$5,000 to $9,999	10,865	8,245	75	15
$10,000 to $19,999	18,140	13,705	260	45
$20,000 to $29,999	16,120	12,080	145	20
$30,000 to $39,999	16,015	12,345	200	45
$40,000 to $49,999	14,735	11,685	230	30
$50,000 to $59,999	12,650	10,605	150	35
$60,000 to $69,999	9,575	8,015	165	0
$70,000 to $79,999	7,875	6,745	175	20
$80,000 and over	27,295	24,030	510	65
$80,000 to $89,999	6,790	6,030	130	15
$90,000 to $99,999	5,110	4,515	75	15
$100,000 and over	15,390	13,485	300	30
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	197,230	155,040	3,035	390
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	69,845	58,940	995	120
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	58,079	59,919	69,362	59,281
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	69,328	70,981	74,306	76,259
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	241,415	191,860	3,295	605
English only	221,780	180,740	410	115
French only	125	15	75	0
English and French	15,950	10,930	2,800	480
Neither English nor French	3,565	170	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	241,420	191,860	3,290	605
English	204,985	186,765	2,290	430
French	875	60	765	15
Non-official language	24,285	1,575	90	15
Aboriginal	330	125	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	23,955	1,455	90	15
English and French	380	155	100	75
English and non-official language	10,670	3,295	25	10
French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	185	15	15	65
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	241,415	191,860	3,290	605
None	214,480	185,440	1,950	420
English	10,905	910	475	35
French	2,605	1,640	745	120
Non-official language	12,895	3,755	60	20
Aboriginal	1,140	700	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,755	3,055	55	20
English and French	75	10	35	0
English and non-official language	300	45	15	0
French and non-official language	160	65	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	241,415	191,860	3,290	605
English	234,135	191,845	410	450
French	3,015	15	2,875	25
English and French	885	0	0	130
Neither English nor French	3,385	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	3,455	15	2,880	90
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.4	0.0	87.5	14.9
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	241,420	191,860	3,295	610
Official languages	237,850	191,685	3,290	605
English	237,730	191,670	3,215	600
French	16,075	10,950	2,875	490
Non-official languages	57,625	13,660	460	180
Aboriginal languages	2,550	1,475	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	55,130	12,210	455	170
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	241,415	191,865	3,290	605
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	27,310	25,655	360	75
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	26,770	25,145	350	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	14,435	13,375	30	15
Métis	12,255	11,690	325	60
Inuk (Inuit)	85	80	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	360	345	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	180	170	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	214,110	166,205	2,935	530
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	241,415	191,860	3,290	610
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	13,295	12,260	25	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	228,120	179,600	3,265	575
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	241,415	191,865	3,295	605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	10,290	9,340	50	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	9,645	8,750	50	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	7,750	6,970	15	10
Métis single ancestry	1,885	1,770	35	15
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	645	590	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	645	585	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	17,780	17,050	385	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	16,565	15,905	350	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,160	7,825	65	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,325	8,000	275	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	75	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	1,210	1,145	35	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,170	1,110	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	213,350	165,470	2,855	525
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	241,420	191,860	3,290	605
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	214,715	186,035	3,065	545
Canadian citizens only	209,185	183,745	2,980	535
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	5,525	2,285	80	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	26,700	5,825	230	60
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	241,415	191,860	3,290	605
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	194,385	180,765	2,870	520
Immigrants^Footnote 44	42,635	9,970	365	75
Before 1981	5,195	2,435	50	0
1981 to 1990	2,130	565	20	0
1991 to 2000	3,980	805	55	0
2001 to 2010	13,345	2,805	90	35
2001 to 2005	3,820	805	30	10
2006 to 2010	9,525	2,000	60	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	17,995	3,360	155	30
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	4,395	1,135	50	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	42,635	9,970	365	75
Under 5 years	4,295	1,970	65	45
5 to 14 years	8,010	2,375	70	10
15 to 24 years	6,950	1,450	55	0
25 to 44 years	19,760	3,660	155	10
45 years and over	3,620	510	25	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	42,635	9,970	365	75
Americas	3,290	1,600	30	0
Brazil	75	15	0	0
Colombia	310	25	10	0
El Salvador	340	10	0	0
Guyana	50	45	0	0
Haiti	20	20	0	0
Jamaica	260	260	0	0
Mexico	215	0	0	0
Peru	85	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	50	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,145	1,030	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	725	130	0	0
Europe	7,460	2,850	75	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	210	0	0	0
Croatia	125	0	0	0
France	50	10	50	0
Germany	660	150	0	10
Greece	165	50	0	0
Hungary	125	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	320	300	0	0
Italy	205	35	0	0
Netherlands	270	30	0	0
Poland	550	60	0	0
Portugal	140	10	0	0
Romania	330	15	0	0
Russian Federation	225	20	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	210	20	0	0
Ukraine	1,125	130	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	2,040	1,935	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	705	80	15	10
Africa	3,660	1,375	235	15
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	170	35	15	0
Ethiopia	270	30	0	0
Kenya	190	80	0	0
Morocco	95	10	15	0
Nigeria	575	410	0	0
Somalia	140	30	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	445	270	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,765	500	205	10
Asia	27,990	3,920	30	40
Afghanistan	195	0	0	0
Bangladesh	1,565	85	0	0
China^Footnote 53	3,775	235	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	350	50	0	0
India	3,360	625	10	0
Iran^Footnote 55	535	10	0	0
Iraq	915	85	0	0
Japan	135	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	325	15	0	0
Lebanon	75	10	15	0
Pakistan	3,720	505	0	10
Philippines	9,115	1,790	0	30
Sri Lanka	290	40	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	620	10	0	0
Taiwan	85	20	0	0
Viet Nam	1,270	175	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,650	265	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	230	220	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	17,995	3,360	155	35
Americas	850	345	0	10
Brazil	30	0	0	0
Colombia	50	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	185	185	0	0
Mexico	135	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	165	125	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	250	30	0	0
Europe	1,600	505	20	15
France	20	0	20	0
Germany	40	15	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	220	210	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	60	0	0	0
Romania	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	75	10	0	0
Ukraine	425	45	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	210	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	505	45	0	0
Africa	1,505	580	125	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	60	35	20	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	10	25	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0
Egypt	60	15	10	0
Eritrea	150	10	0	0
Ethiopia	90	10	0	0
Morocco	55	10	10	0
Nigeria	395	290	0	0
Somalia	50	15	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	145	100	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	425	100	60	0
Asia	13,985	1,865	10	10
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	910	40	0	0
China^Footnote 65	1,845	85	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	35	0	0	0
India	1,880	345	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	235	0	0	0
Iraq	275	15	0	0
Israel	15	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0
Nepal	95	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,955	245	0	0
Philippines	4,825	920	0	10
Saudi Arabia	65	20	0	0
Sri Lanka	110	20	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	590	10	0	0
Taiwan	35	25	0	0
Turkey	35	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	0	0
Viet Nam	490	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	360	35	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	70	65	0	0
Australia	30	30	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	35	40	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	241,415	191,865	3,295	605
First generation^Footnote 73	47,920	11,780	430	100
Second generation^Footnote 74	33,430	26,630	320	110
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	160,065	153,455	2,540	395
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	37,835	7,655	325	75
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	25,620	5,305	170	60
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	9,970	1,680	60	15
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	15,650	3,620	110	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	6,085	1,650	40	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	5,920	625	105	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	200	80	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	241,415	191,860	3,290	605
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	47,780	14,140	370	170
South Asian^Footnote 85	13,330	3,355	35	35
Chinese	7,680	1,560	0	15
Black	5,390	3,350	245	45
Filipino	10,865	3,155	0	45
Latin American	1,910	270	10	15
Arab	2,305	455	55	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	2,235	580	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	1,170	110	10	0
Korean	570	120	0	0
Japanese	410	180	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	445	205	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	1,465	795	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	193,635	177,720	2,920	435
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	241,420	191,865	3,295	605
North American Aboriginal origins	28,065	26,385	435	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	17,765	16,530	125	40
Inuit	130	125	10	0
Métis	12,045	11,495	350	50
Other North American origins	45,625	43,250	1,075	160
Acadian	205	150	50	0
American	3,105	2,965	45	15
Canadian	43,290	41,080	985	155
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	20	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	65	30	35	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	25	20	0	0
European origins	168,150	153,095	2,615	390
British Isles origins	93,225	91,985	455	220
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	20	0	0
English	54,330	53,755	155	135
Irish	35,505	35,050	210	100
Manx	40	35	0	0
Scottish	42,435	42,025	140	85
Welsh	4,710	4,680	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	3,965	3,895	20	0
French origins	28,040	25,035	2,410	275
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0
French	28,035	25,035	2,405	275
Western European origins (except French origins)	71,555	67,495	385	140
Austrian	3,395	3,270	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,725	1,510	180	20
Dutch	8,415	7,505	55	25
Flemish	175	170	0	0
Frisian	25	15	0	0
German	63,145	60,040	155	105
Luxembourger	125	125	0	0
Swiss	1,035	945	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,490	24,105	60	40
Danish	2,140	2,070	10	10
Finnish	1,135	1,070	0	10
Icelandic	1,895	1,860	15	0
Norwegian	14,965	14,805	40	25
Swedish	6,810	6,740	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	800	785	0	0
Eastern European origins	60,145	53,710	150	75
Bulgarian	105	50	0	0
Byelorussian	90	30	0	0
Czech	1,090	970	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	705	685	10	10
Estonian	105	95	0	0
Hungarian	5,180	4,730	25	0
Latvian	140	80	0	0
Lithuanian	295	250	10	0
Moldovan	235	40	0	0
Polish	14,335	12,840	45	20
Romanian	2,270	1,875	0	0
Russian	10,085	9,005	40	10
Slovak	375	350	0	0
Ukrainian	38,600	34,860	35	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	80	75	0	0
Southern European origins	8,505	5,840	165	15
Albanian	140	25	0	0
Bosnian	220	70	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	885	660	15	0
Cypriot	15	0	0	0
Greek	710	500	10	0
Italian	3,315	2,830	75	0
Kosovar	15	15	0	0
Macedonian	60	15	0	0
Maltese	60	60	0	0
Montenegrin	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	815	560	0	0
Serbian	325	135	0	0
Sicilian	30	20	10	0
Slovenian	200	175	0	0
Spanish	2,015	870	60	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	195	170	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,030	860	10	0
Basque	25	20	10	0
Jewish	455	345	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	45	15	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	50	45	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	450	435	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,350	1,210	20	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	30	10	0
Bermudan	10	15	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	35	0	0
Dominican	45	20	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	50	10	0
Jamaican	760	760	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	10	0	0
St. Lucian	25	25	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	180	170	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	70	60	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	85	65	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,405	895	15	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	140	40	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	70	35	0	0
Belizean	25	30	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	0	0
Brazilian	105	50	0	0
Chilean	310	155	0	20
Colombian	390	35	10	0
Costa Rican	30	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	80	20	0	0
Guatemalan	70	15	0	0
Guyanese	85	85	0	0
Hispanic	45	35	0	0
Honduran	15	10	0	0
Maya	35	0	0	0
Mexican	475	200	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	20	0	0
Panamanian	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	15	0	0
Peruvian	190	80	0	0
Salvadorean	330	65	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0
Venezuelan	25	15	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	75	40	0	0
African origins	5,765	3,205	265	40
Central and West African origins	1,505	990	130	20
Akan	10	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	145	65	65	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	120	45	50	0
Edo	10	10	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	265	185	0	0
Guinean	25	15	0	0
Ibo	235	185	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0
Liberian	35	35	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	460	320	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	10
Sierra Leonean	20	15	0	0
Togolese	35	15	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0
Yoruba	145	115	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	60	35	0	0
North African origins	975	440	35	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	0	0	0
Coptic	35	10	0	0
Dinka	25	0	0	0
Egyptian	210	85	15	0
Libyan	60	20	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	120	50	10	0
Sudanese	460	240	0	10
Tunisian	30	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	35	20	10	0
Southern and East African origins	2,340	1,075	60	10
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	10	0
Burundian	110	35	45	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	615	190	0	0
Ethiopian	325	160	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	50	25	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0
Mauritian	50	45	0	0
Oromo	100	30	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0
Somali	345	125	0	0
South African	370	235	10	0
Tanzanian	25	20	0	0
Tigrian	45	15	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	110	85	0	0
Zimbabwean	85	45	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	210	110	0	0
Other African origins	1,130	830	65	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	80	80	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	1,060	760	65	10
Asian origins	41,685	11,505	140	120
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,985	1,450	60	0
Afghan	325	30	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	570	165	0	0
Armenian	130	30	0	0
Assyrian	175	70	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	10	0	0
Georgian	25	15	0	0
Hazara	10	0	0	0
Iranian	895	215	10	0
Iraqi	1,060	270	0	0
Israeli	30	15	0	0
Jordanian	35	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	0	0
Kurd	80	25	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	505	390	50	0
Palestinian	100	40	0	0
Pashtun	90	25	0	0
Saudi Arabian	40	0	0	0
Syrian	585	70	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	25	10	0	0
Turk	435	135	0	0
Turkmen	10	10	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	15	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	110	40	0	0
South Asian origins	13,275	3,420	70	40
Bangladeshi	1,190	135	0	0
Bengali	340	40	10	0
Bhutanese	105	10	0	0
East Indian	7,515	2,275	45	10
Goan	25	25	0	0
Gujarati	65	15	0	0
Kashmiri	50	10	0	0
Nepali	205	15	0	0
Pakistani	3,230	740	10	15
Punjabi	675	135	0	0
Sinhalese	45	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	340	130	0	10
Tamil	35	20	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	590	85	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	23,400	6,720	25	80
Burmese	160	50	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	100	35	0	0
Chinese	9,265	2,390	15	30
Filipino	11,525	3,495	0	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	85	25	0	10
Japanese	545	280	0	0
Karen	130	0	0	0
Korean	600	135	0	0
Laotian	250	135	0	0
Malaysian	75	45	0	0
Mongolian	70	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	110	55	0	0
Thai	120	45	0	0
Tibetan	25	10	0	0
Vietnamese	1,725	575	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	50	25	0	0
Other Asian origins	405	105	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	405	100	0	0
Oceania origins	445	435	10	0
Australian	255	250	0	0
New Zealander	120	120	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	75	70	0	0
Fijian	15	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	30	30	0	0
Samoan	25	25	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	10	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	197,225	155,035	3,040	385
No certificate, diploma or degree	28,445	21,230	355	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	57,420	47,480	720	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	111,365	86,325	1,965	260
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,955	14,270	310	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	6,855	5,425	155	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	10,100	8,845	150	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	34,025	28,685	590	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,750	4,045	105	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	54,630	39,320	955	110
Bachelor's degree	37,345	28,420	575	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,430	1,630	50	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,025	1,300	20	10
Master's degree	9,905	6,250	235	35
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	2,925	1,720	70	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	197,225	155,035	3,035	390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	85,865	68,710	1,075	125
Education	10,145	8,305	280	10
13. Education	10,145	8,305	280	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,150	2,695	35	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	690	615	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,465	2,080	30	15
Humanities	5,350	3,870	130	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	400	165	20	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,280	1,045	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,025	525	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	20	20	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	425	345	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,230	1,025	15	0
54. History	800	645	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	165	95	45	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,210	7,970	160	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	240	200	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	525	410	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,595	1,255	35	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,830	1,510	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	210	160	10	0
42. Psychology	2,075	1,755	40	10
45. Social sciences	3,725	2,690	60	0
Business, management and public administration	23,055	17,980	360	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	60	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,010	1,715	20	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20,985	16,205	345	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,275	3,605	85	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,110	2,105	55	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	390	240	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	30	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,450	995	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	285	250	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,825	2,550	45	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,935	1,935	10	15
25. Library science	420	370	20	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	400	190	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	70	55	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	21,305	16,140	355	65
04. Architecture and related services	550	415	0	10
14. Engineering	5,250	2,855	95	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,530	2,850	50	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,175	4,455	75	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,490	3,785	85	10
48. Precision production	2,310	1,780	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,975	2,095	55	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,425	1,625	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	555	470	10	0
Health and related fields	19,745	15,750	365	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,560	1,420	30	0
51. Health professions and related programs	17,510	13,875	330	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	675	455	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,315	5,340	85	10
12. Personal and culinary services	4,165	3,530	40	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	35	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,045	975	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,065	805	25	0
Other	15	15	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	15	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	197,225	155,040	3,035	390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85,865	68,710	1,075	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	111,365	86,325	1,960	260
Location of study inside Canada	92,385	81,320	1,770	235
Same as province or territory of residence	75,950	67,660	1,235	180
Different than province or territory of residence	16,435	13,665	535	55
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	18,980	5,000	190	20
United States^Footnote 132	1,985	1,615	30	0
Philippines	4,505	775	0	0
India	1,925	300	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	1,085	885	10	0
China^Footnote 134	1,570	45	0	0
France	100	10	70	0
Other	7,805	1,370	85	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	197,230	155,035	3,040	390
In the labour force	138,905	111,460	1,960	255
Employed	129,435	104,165	1,830	235
Unemployed	9,470	7,295	130	20
Not in the labour force	58,325	43,575	1,075	135
Participation rate	70.4	71.9	64.5	65.4
Employment rate	65.6	67.2	60.2	60.3
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.5	6.6	7.8
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	197,225	155,035	3,040	385
Did not work^Footnote 137	52,125	38,050	990	120
Worked	145,100	116,985	2,045	265
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	71,890	60,480	1,020	120
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	73,215	56,510	1,025	150
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.8	42.8	44.8
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	149,485	120,075	2,125	275
a.Management	14,080	11,750	250	15
00 Senior management occupations	1,345	1,180	30	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,440	3,815	100	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	5,045	4,055	45	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	3,245	2,705	80	0
b.Professional	29,220	24,090	545	65
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,150	3,580	65	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,420	4,100	95	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	3,250	2,790	40	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	3,035	2,380	55	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	7,715	6,335	185	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	4,285	3,710	65	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,370	1,185	35	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	13,765	11,675	205	20
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,560	3,800	45	10
32 Technical occupations in health	3,025	2,500	70	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,805	2,285	40	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	920	885	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,455	2,210	45	0
d.Administration and administrative support	17,740	15,335	270	35
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	7,305	6,410	110	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,365	1,145	30	0
14 Office support occupations	6,090	5,230	100	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,980	2,545	30	10
e.Sales	14,880	11,925	135	40
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,030	2,635	55	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	7,335	5,950	50	25
66 Sales support occupations	4,520	3,340	40	15
f.Personal and customer information services	28,830	20,540	325	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,985	2,055	55	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	3,465	2,765	65	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,135	3,410	35	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,430	6,085	75	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	9,820	6,225	95	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	13,540	11,295	170	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	9,550	7,850	130	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,985	3,440	45	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	9,965	7,820	125	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,965	1,630	10	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,585	4,250	70	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	2,405	1,950	40	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,335	2,970	30	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,090	995	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,015	905	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,230	1,070	15	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,130	2,670	65	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	865	715	20	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,180	655	15	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	700	510	20	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,380	790	10	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	149,480	120,075	2,120	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,295	1,905	40	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	2,100	1,720	40	10
113 Forestry and logging	30	30	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	160	145	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,130	3,640	85	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	275	230	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	3,100	2,765	60	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	755	645	20	0
22 Utilities	730	685	0	0
221 Utilities	730	685	10	0
23 Construction	13,470	11,405	210	25
236 Construction of buildings	3,975	3,285	80	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,460	1,265	25	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	8,040	6,860	100	25
31-33 Manufacturing	7,665	5,080	90	10
311 Food manufacturing	2,010	1,110	20	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	175	160	0	0
313 Textile mills	20	15	0	0
314 Textile product mills	125	80	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	145	60	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	145	80	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	20	20	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	285	220	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	65	55	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	335	265	15	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	305	200	10	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	280	175	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	90	80	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	970	700	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	870	580	15	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	425	330	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	195	145	10	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	385	275	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	410	250	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	400	290	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	5,710	4,905	75	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	255	225	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	250	235	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	755	530	10	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	280	225	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	510	490	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,025	920	15	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,715	1,470	35	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	700	635	10	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	215	180	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	17,295	13,800	150	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,105	1,780	25	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	680	545	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	725	490	15	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,295	1,110	10	0
445 Food and beverage stores	3,325	2,430	30	10
446 Health and personal care stores	1,845	1,575	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	1,030	855	20	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	2,130	1,765	15	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	890	810	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,910	1,335	25	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	920	715	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	440	385	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,125	4,700	75	10
481 Air transportation	380	340	0	0
482 Rail transportation	465	440	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	10	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,100	1,585	35	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	970	545	15	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	595	500	0	0
491 Postal service	485	415	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	800	605	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	300	245	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,855	2,485	40	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	425	325	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	260	235	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	385	345	0	0
517 Telecommunications	1,125	1,015	30	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	35	25	0	0
519 Other information services	620	545	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,390	3,810	60	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,980	1,635	35	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	785	670	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,525	1,410	15	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	95	90	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,740	2,280	50	0
531 Real estate	2,320	1,960	40	0
532 Rental and leasing services	410	315	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,580	7,850	160	35
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,580	7,850	160	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	830	705	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	830	700	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,995	3,740	55	10
561 Administrative and support services	4,600	3,410	40	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	395	325	20	0
61 Educational services	15,355	12,680	340	30
611 Educational services	15,355	12,680	340	30
62 Health care and social assistance	19,570	15,690	290	40
621 Ambulatory health care services	4,870	4,060	105	15
622 Hospitals	8,250	6,740	110	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,840	1,960	35	10
624 Social assistance	3,605	2,925	40	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,105	2,800	60	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	985	885	35	0
712 Heritage institutions	240	215	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,875	1,695	25	0
72 Accommodation and food services	13,040	8,610	120	25
721 Accommodation services	2,075	1,325	40	0
722 Food services and drinking places	10,965	7,285	80	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	7,305	5,990	100	20
811 Repair and maintenance	2,320	1,910	20	15
812 Personal and laundry services	2,085	1,750	25	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,475	2,045	45	0
814 Private households	435	290	10	0
91 Public administration	8,300	7,320	125	10
911 Federal government public administration	2,560	2,185	80	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	2,135	1,910	25	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	3,405	3,070	15	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	190	155	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	129,435	104,170	1,830	235
Worked at home	6,830	5,785	105	0
Worked outside Canada	300	160	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15,750	12,965	265	35
Worked at usual place	106,555	85,260	1,455	200
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	149,485	120,075	2,120	275
English	146,905	119,555	1,810	260
French	495	190	265	10
Non-official language	1,130	95	0	0
Aboriginal	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,110	90	0	0
English and French	190	80	45	10
English and non-official language	765	150	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	149,480	120,075	2,120	280
None	144,675	118,680	1,570	230
English	740	195	190	10
French	1,070	600	340	40
Non-official language	2,930	560	10	0
Aboriginal	165	80	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,760	480	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	35	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	106,560	85,255	1,455	200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	97,985	77,930	1,340	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,655	4,095	55	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,110	2,595	55	0
Commute to a different province or territory	800	630	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	122,305	98,220	1,720	240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	98,390	80,815	1,425	165
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,540	5,010	70	10
Public transit	6,225	3,950	65	0
Walked	5,565	4,520	90	15
Bicycle	2,740	2,365	35	20
Other method	1,855	1,565	45	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	122,300	98,225	1,720	235
Less than 15 minutes	42,665	34,920	620	90
15 to 29 minutes	62,075	49,650	825	115
30 to 44 minutes	11,200	8,635	170	15
45 to 59 minutes	2,710	2,070	55	10
60 minutes and over	3,650	2,945	50	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	122,305	98,225	1,720	235
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,715	4,580	95	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	19,475	15,930	275	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	39,935	33,715	635	85
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	26,235	21,205	430	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	12,675	9,355	130	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,265	13,440	155	35
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	238,135	189,020	3,290	585
Non-movers	195,230	158,205	2,765	475
Movers	42,900	30,815	530	115
Non-migrants	29,880	22,885	325	70
Migrants	13,020	7,935	200	40
Internal migrants	8,535	6,940	110	30
Intraprovincial migrants	5,250	4,485	65	25
Interprovincial migrants	3,285	2,450	50	10
External migrants	4,485	995	90	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	225,680	178,495	3,210	540
Non-movers	117,135	99,615	1,805	250
Movers	108,545	78,880	1,410	290
Non-migrants	64,205	52,945	720	170
Migrants	44,330	25,935	690	120
Internal migrants	26,685	22,055	530	80
Intraprovincial migrants	15,265	13,595	210	45
Interprovincial migrants	11,420	8,455	325	40
External migrants	17,655	3,880	160	40

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Saskatoon, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.