Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Division No. 2

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	162,385	158,550	1,440	355	2,040	1,615
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	162,380	158,550	1,440	355	2,040	1,615
0 to 14 years	33,995	32,815	160	80	940	200
0 to 4 years	11,620	10,845	50	0	725	55
5 to 9 years	11,950	11,690	55	35	175	70
10 to 14 years	10,420	10,285	55	40	40	75
15 to 64 years	106,425	104,400	960	260	815	1,085
15 to 19 years	10,665	10,560	35	35	35	50
20 to 24 years	11,925	11,800	70	25	35	80
25 to 29 years	11,730	11,590	70	25	50	80
30 to 34 years	11,630	11,450	85	20	80	95
35 to 39 years	10,785	10,500	145	40	100	165
40 to 44 years	9,895	9,635	105	35	115	120
45 to 49 years	9,435	9,165	120	20	130	130
50 to 54 years	10,345	10,110	110	25	105	115
55 to 59 years	10,655	10,415	130	20	95	135
60 to 64 years	9,360	9,170	105	20	65	115
65 years and over	21,960	21,335	320	20	285	330
65 to 69 years	7,655	7,435	135	0	80	140
70 to 74 years	5,840	5,675	95	10	65	100
75 to 79 years	3,835	3,725	40	0	65	40
80 to 84 years	2,720	2,645	30	0	40	30
85 years and over	1,905	1,855	15	0	35	20
85 to 89 years	1,450	1,405	15	0	30	15
90 to 94 years	340	335	0	10	10	0
95 to 99 years	105	100	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	37.2	37.3	45.7	33.8	29.6	not applicable ...
Median age	35.5	35.5	47.6	34.7	26.6	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	128,390	125,735	1,280	275	1,100	1,415
Married or living common law	78,710	76,930	820	145	815	895
Married	67,405	65,835	695	120	760	755
Living common law	11,310	11,100	130	25	55	140
Not married and not living common law	49,680	48,805	450	130	285	520
Never married	33,710	33,295	225	100	90	275
Separated	2,650	2,565	25	15	35	35
Divorced	8,085	7,895	140	20	35	145
Widowed	5,240	5,045	65	0	120	65
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	128,390	125,735	1,280	275	1,095	1,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	122,875	120,360	1,250	260	1,000	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,514	48,684	53,172	41,379	24,025	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,413	37,601	42,217	36,866	18,993	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	122,885	120,370	1,250	265	1,000	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,056	41,187	44,767	35,762	22,067	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,960	34,096	38,153	32,274	18,993	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	113,350	111,340	1,125	250	635	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,183	47,273	51,953	38,413	26,596	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,967	36,004	42,549	33,360	24,948	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,800	75,960	865	145	830	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,873	7,849	9,424	7,321	8,498	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,653	5,602	8,507	3,155	6,672	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	96,420	94,735	925	235	530	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,356	44,402	50,488	36,863	28,633	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,996	36,037	39,713	33,392	30,132	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.7	89.8	87.5	91.0	70.3	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.7	71.8	70.3	80.5	62.6	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.3	10.2	12.3	9.9	29.4	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	128,390	125,740	1,275	275	1,100	1,415
Without total income	5,515	5,375	25	10	100	35
With total income	122,870	120,355	1,250	260	1,000	1,385
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.7	98.0	94.5	90.9	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,325	13,895	110	25	300	120
$10,000 to $19,999	18,520	18,045	185	50	240	210
$20,000 to $29,999	18,020	17,690	180	35	115	195
$30,000 to $39,999	14,085	13,790	120	40	140	135
$40,000 to $49,999	14,100	13,755	155	55	135	185
$50,000 to $59,999	10,900	10,790	75	15	25	75
$60,000 to $69,999	8,270	8,130	105	20	20	110
$70,000 to $79,999	6,195	6,105	70	0	15	70
$80,000 to $89,999	4,570	4,470	90	10	10	90
$90,000 to $99,999	3,530	3,455	70	0	0	75
$100,000 and over	10,360	10,225	100	30	0	115
$100,000 to $149,999	7,365	7,265	70	25	0	85
$150,000 and over	2,995	2,960	30	0	10	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	128,390	125,735	1,275	275	1,100	1,415
Without after-tax income	5,505	5,365	25	15	100	35
With after-tax income	122,885	120,370	1,250	260	1,000	1,380
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.7	98.0	94.5	90.9	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,745	14,310	115	25	295	125
$10,000 to $19,999	19,315	18,840	180	55	245	205
$20,000 to $29,999	20,510	20,110	215	30	150	230
$30,000 to $39,999	17,895	17,485	155	60	195	185
$40,000 to $49,999	15,835	15,565	150	45	65	180
$50,000 to $59,999	11,180	11,025	110	15	30	120
$60,000 to $69,999	7,400	7,300	85	0	15	85
$70,000 to $79,999	5,150	5,025	120	0	0	120
$80,000 and over	10,850	10,700	115	25	10	125
$80,000 to $89,999	3,720	3,660	50	10	0	55
$90,000 to $99,999	2,295	2,270	15	15	0	20
$100,000 and over	4,835	4,775	55	0	0	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	128,385	125,735	1,280	275	1,100	1,415
Without employment income	31,970	31,000	350	40	570	370
With employment income	96,420	94,735	925	235	530	1,040
Percentage with employment income	75.1	75.3	72.3	85.5	48.2	73.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,080	10,895	90	30	65	105
$5,000 to $9,999	7,440	7,310	50	10	70	55
$10,000 to $19,999	12,910	12,655	135	55	65	160
$20,000 to $29,999	10,545	10,385	85	10	60	95
$30,000 to $39,999	10,100	9,820	105	30	140	120
$40,000 to $49,999	10,530	10,300	90	45	95	110
$50,000 to $59,999	8,490	8,405	55	15	20	65
$60,000 to $69,999	6,495	6,400	70	15	0	80
$70,000 to $79,999	4,565	4,520	35	0	10	35
$80,000 and over	14,270	14,035	205	20	0	215
$80,000 to $89,999	3,570	3,520	50	0	0	50
$90,000 to $99,999	3,090	3,020	70	0	0	70
$100,000 and over	7,605	7,490	90	20	0	100
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	128,390	125,735	1,280	275	1,100	1,415
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	44,450	43,765	395	105	185	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	53,193	53,371	60,142	44,703	35,495	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	61,021	61,078	69,702	51,410	34,362	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	162,385	158,550	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
English only	153,905	153,905	0	0	0	0
French only	100	0	105	0	0	105
English and French	6,315	4,635	1,330	355	0	1,505
Neither English nor French	2,055	15	10	0	2,040	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	162,380	158,550	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
English	142,400	141,600	795	0	0	800
French	505	20	480	0	0	485
Non-official language	15,320	12,960	40	280	2,040	180
Aboriginal	80	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,240	12,875	45	280	2,035	185
English and French	95	35	25	40	0	45
English and non-official language	3,945	3,915	30	0	0	30
French and non-official language	60	0	60	0	0	65
English, French and non-official language	50	20	0	30	0	15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	162,380	158,550	1,440	355	2,040	1,615
None	146,835	143,825	880	195	1,930	975
English	6,955	6,555	220	85	90	265
French	1,025	730	255	35	0	270
Non-official language	7,365	7,285	55	15	10	65
Aboriginal	355	360	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,005	6,925	55	15	15	60
English and French	35	10	10	25	0	20
English and non-official language	105	95	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	65	50	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	162,385	158,555	1,435	350	2,040	1,615
English	130,195	130,195	0	0	0	0
French	1,340	135	1,205	0	0	1,205
Non-official language	28,535	26,060	110	325	2,035	275
Aboriginal	275	275	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	28,260	25,785	110	330	2,035	270
English and French	225	190	20	15	0	25
English and non-official language	1,950	1,945	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	15	110	0	0	110
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	162,385	158,555	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
Official languages	160,320	158,535	1,430	355	0	1,610
English	160,220	158,535	1,330	355	0	1,505
French	6,420	4,630	1,430	355	0	1,610
Non-official languages	34,775	32,095	310	335	2,040	480
Aboriginal languages	695	690	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	34,095	31,415	305	330	2,040	475
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	162,380	158,555	1,435	355	2,035	1,615
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	7,630	7,575	60	0	0	55
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	7,280	7,225	55	0	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	4,350	4,340	10	0	0	10
Métis	2,870	2,825	55	0	0	50
Inuk (Inuit)	65	65	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	155	155	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	190	190	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	154,755	150,980	1,385	355	2,040	1,560
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	162,380	158,550	1,440	355	2,040	1,610
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	3,910	3,905	10	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	158,470	154,645	1,430	355	2,035	1,610
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	162,385	158,550	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	2,785	2,780	10	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	2,735	2,725	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	2,355	2,350	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	355	350	0	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	25	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	55	55	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	50	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	6,805	6,715	95	0	0	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	6,535	6,445	85	0	0	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,760	3,725	35	0	0	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,690	2,640	50	0	0	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	80	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	275	270	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	260	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	152,790	149,055	1,340	355	2,040	1,520
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	162,380	158,550	1,440	355	2,040	1,615
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	151,040	148,335	1,300	245	1,160	1,420
Canadian citizens only	147,180	144,720	1,220	135	1,100	1,290
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,865	3,615	75	110	65	130
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	11,340	10,215	140	110	875	200
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	162,385	158,550	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	134,915	133,035	1,100	80	710	1,135
Immigrants^Footnote 42	25,085	23,365	270	260	1,195	405
Before 1981	6,275	6,180	25	10	70	25
1981 to 1990	2,400	2,255	45	25	75	60
1991 to 2000	3,265	3,100	35	20	100	45
2001 to 2010	6,635	6,090	100	145	295	175
2001 to 2005	2,250	2,090	40	20	100	50
2006 to 2010	4,380	4,005	60	125	195	120
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	6,515	5,735	65	60	655	100
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	2,375	2,155	70	15	140	75
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	25,090	23,360	270	265	1,195	400
Under 5 years	3,380	3,205	25	10	140	25
5 to 14 years	5,695	5,490	35	45	125	60
15 to 24 years	5,155	4,985	70	35	70	85
25 to 44 years	9,300	8,550	140	150	465	220
45 years and over	1,560	1,135	0	25	400	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	25,090	23,360	270	260	1,190	405
Americas	7,815	7,410	20	50	335	45
Brazil	10	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	400	325	0	20	55	10
El Salvador	645	605	10	10	25	10
Guyana	55	55	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	4,145	3,915	0	10	220	0
Peru	40	35	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,685	1,680	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	795	740	10	15	25	20
Europe	7,310	7,145	55	60	50	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	125	125	0	0	0	0
Croatia	115	115	0	0	0	0
France	40	10	20	0	0	25
Germany	760	755	0	10	10	0
Greece	25	20	0	0	0	0
Hungary	220	220	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	80	80	0	0	0	0
Italy	230	210	0	10	10	0
Netherlands	2,010	1,990	0	10	15	10
Poland	350	340	0	0	10	0
Portugal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Romania	115	110	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	135	130	0	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	50	50	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	255	250	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	2,155	2,155	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	640	585	30	25	10	35
Africa	2,930	2,465	190	125	155	250
Algeria	30	0	25	10	0	25
Egypt	80	80	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	615	550	0	0	55	0
Kenya	125	130	0	0	10	0
Morocco	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	210	210	0	0	0	0
Somalia	465	400	0	0	55	10
South Africa, Republic of	230	225	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,165	875	150	105	40	205
Asia	6,830	6,130	10	25	660	25
Afghanistan	195	160	0	0	35	0
Bangladesh	70	65	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	770	620	0	0	140	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	65	65	0	0	0	0
India	540	500	0	10	35	0
Iran^Footnote 53	95	90	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	175	165	0	0	15	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	170	170	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	205	185	0	0	10	0
Philippines	2,785	2,780	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	40	35	0	10	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	140	30	0	0	110	0
Taiwan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	275	250	0	0	30	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,255	965	15	10	275	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	205	205	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	6,515	5,735	70	55	650	100
Americas	1,230	1,070	0	10	155	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	260	215	0	0	40	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	510	415	0	0	90	0
United States^Footnote 58	185	175	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	255	230	0	10	15	0
Europe	580	555	0	0	15	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	65	60	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	25	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	20	20	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	20	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	60	60	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	230	235	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	150	140	0	0	0	0
Africa	1,255	1,045	70	30	115	80
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	0	30	10	0	30
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	25	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	120	95	0	0	25	0
Ethiopia	385	335	10	0	45	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	90	90	0	0	0	0
Somalia	375	315	10	10	45	10
South Africa, Republic of	25	25	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	155	30	20	10	45
Asia	3,410	3,025	0	15	375	10
Afghanistan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	30	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	100	80	0	0	25	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	175	145	0	0	30	0
Iran^Footnote 65	55	45	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	60	55	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	310	225	0	0	85	0
Pakistan	60	60	0	0	0	0
Philippines	2,000	2,000	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	30	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	140	25	0	0	110	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	410	295	0	10	105	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	35	35	0	0	0	0
Australia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	162,380	158,550	1,435	355	2,035	1,615
First generation^Footnote 71	28,800	26,830	340	280	1,360	480
Second generation^Footnote 72	33,730	32,800	195	75	660	230
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	99,850	98,925	895	0	25	900
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	19,040	17,400	250	255	1,135	380
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	8,605	8,210	90	130	170	160
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	3,055	2,875	60	65	50	95
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	5,550	5,330	35	70	115	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	5,275	4,840	45	25	365	60
Refugees^Footnote 79	4,950	4,165	105	90	585	150
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	215	195	0	10	10	10
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	162,380	158,555	1,435	355	2,040	1,615
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	19,015	17,345	340	240	1,090	460
South Asian^Footnote 83	2,540	2,160	25	40	320	40
Chinese	1,750	1,575	0	10	165	10
Black	3,980	3,475	245	90	175	290
Filipino	3,620	3,605	0	0	15	0
Latin American	2,415	2,175	15	65	160	50
Arab	370	245	35	10	80	40
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	900	785	15	10	95	15
West Asian^Footnote 85	510	450	0	15	45	10
Korean	325	300	0	0	20	0
Japanese	1,975	1,950	0	0	20	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	205	195	10	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	425	425	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	143,365	141,205	1,100	120	945	1,155
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	162,380	158,550	1,435	355	2,035	1,615
North American Aboriginal origins	9,590	9,495	95	0	0	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,440	6,400	45	0	0	45
Inuit	120	120	0	0	0	0
Métis	3,360	3,305	60	0	0	60
Other North American origins	41,495	40,920	435	20	120	440
Acadian	150	120	30	0	0	30
American	4,515	4,505	10	0	0	10
Canadian	38,475	37,935	405	15	120	410
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	60	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	30	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	60	55	0	0	0	0
European origins	123,545	121,760	930	115	740	990
British Isles origins	69,740	69,560	165	15	10	175
Channel Islander	10	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	42,565	42,510	50	0	0	55
Irish	23,175	23,130	45	0	0	45
Manx	30	30	0	0	0	0
Scottish	29,985	29,900	70	10	0	75
Welsh	3,700	3,700	10	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,190	3,180	10	10	0	15
French origins	13,855	13,010	815	25	10	830
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	13,855	13,005	815	25	10	830
Western European origins (except French origins)	58,350	57,525	155	40	635	175
Austrian	1,520	1,515	0	0	10	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,140	1,075	40	20	10	50
Dutch	18,345	18,245	45	10	45	55
Flemish	75	70	0	0	0	0
Frisian	70	65	0	0	0	0
German	41,150	40,500	60	0	585	65
Luxembourger	55	50	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,660	1,640	20	10	0	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	25	25	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	17,935	17,935	0	0	0	10
Danish	4,335	4,335	0	0	0	0
Finnish	785	785	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	1,145	1,145	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	7,770	7,770	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5,115	5,115	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	790	790	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	29,510	29,345	30	40	85	55
Bulgarian	70	65	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Czech	1,840	1,840	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	1,030	1,030	0	0	0	0
Estonian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5,215	5,205	10	10	0	10
Latvian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	275	270	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	40	45	0	0	0	0
Polish	6,550	6,520	15	10	0	15
Romanian	1,150	1,150	0	10	0	0
Russian	6,665	6,585	0	15	65	10
Slovak	760	760	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10,835	10,800	15	10	15	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	30	35	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,745	7,590	60	40	50	80
Albanian	70	60	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	120	120	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	700	700	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	410	415	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,450	4,395	30	15	10	35
Kosovar	55	45	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	45	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	235	0	0	0	10
Serbian	155	155	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	225	225	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,230	1,145	30	30	30	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	420	420	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	985	980	0	0	0	0
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	225	220	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	40	35	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	65	65	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	660	660	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	425	415	0	0	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	45	0	10	0	0
Dominican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	150	150	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	50	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	45	40	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	25	25	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	5,290	4,765	20	90	405	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	90	90	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Belizean	90	85	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	40	20	0	0	20	0
Brazilian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Chilean	185	185	0	0	0	0
Colombian	480	385	0	25	65	10
Costa Rican	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	35	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	90	85	10	0	0	10
Guyanese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	110	110	0	0	0	0
Honduran	105	70	0	15	20	10
Maya	35	30	0	0	0	0
Mexican	2,890	2,600	0	10	275	10
Nicaraguan	60	45	0	0	10	0
Panamanian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	35	40	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	60	55	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	760	720	10	20	15	15
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	95	90	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	165	135	10	15	0	20
African origins	4,470	3,885	280	110	200	335
Central and West African origins	870	645	160	55	10	185
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	0	40	0	0	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	225	55	115	45	0	145
Edo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	165	165	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	15	15	0	0	15
Liberian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	305	305	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	90	55	20	0	15	20
North African origins	775	700	45	20	10	50
Algerian	60	15	40	10	0	40
Berber	30	0	25	0	0	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	45	50	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	95	95	0	0	0	10
Libyan	15	0	0	10	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	545	540	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	20	10	10	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	2,200	1,945	55	35	165	70
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	25	10	20	0	0	20
Burundian	55	20	25	15	0	30
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	250	230	0	0	25	0
Ethiopian	630	570	0	0	60	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	50	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	100	90	0	0	10	0
Rwandan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	365	335	0	10	30	0
South African	280	270	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	25	20	0	0	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	380	325	10	15	35	20
Other African origins	705	660	25	0	20	25
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	25	15	10	0	0	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	690	645	25	0	25	25
Asian origins	13,220	12,300	60	75	785	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,115	930	10	20	160	15
Afghan	260	230	0	0	35	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	115	100	0	10	10	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	195	180	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	25	20	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	25	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	155	10	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	185	80	0	0	105	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	50	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	60	55	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,815	2,370	25	50	370	50
Bangladeshi	80	75	0	0	10	0
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	570	430	0	10	140	0
East Indian	1,410	1,270	25	35	70	45
Goan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	630	430	0	0	200	0
Pakistani	220	210	0	0	10	0
Punjabi	95	100	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	60	55	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	25	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,245	8,960	25	10	250	25
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	170	160	0	0	10	0
Chinese	2,085	1,905	0	10	170	0
Filipino	3,770	3,745	10	0	15	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Japanese	2,410	2,390	10	0	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	355	335	0	0	15	0
Laotian	65	50	10	0	0	10
Malaysian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	120	120	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	500	475	0	0	25	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	110	100	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	110	100	0	0	10	0
Oceania origins	700	700	0	0	0	0
Australian	335	335	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	105	105	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	270	270	0	0	0	0
Fijian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Maori	110	110	0	0	0	0
Samoan	70	75	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	50	50	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	128,390	125,735	1,275	270	1,100	1,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	27,825	26,695	210	45	875	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	39,740	39,220	310	60	150	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60,825	59,820	755	170	75	840
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,360	12,145	160	30	25	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,895	3,825	45	15	15	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	8,460	8,315	120	10	15	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25,405	25,060	285	35	30	305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,350	2,280	50	20	0	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,710	20,340	265	90	15	305
Bachelor's degree	14,960	14,735	195	25	10	210
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	940	935	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	690	680	0	10	0	10
Master's degree	3,250	3,170	45	40	0	60
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	870	835	20	15	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	128,385	125,740	1,275	275	1,100	1,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	67,560	65,910	525	105	1,025	575
Education	5,255	5,180	75	0	0	75
13. Education	5,260	5,180	70	0	0	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,840	1,820	20	0	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	325	320	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,515	1,495	20	0	0	20
Humanities	2,130	2,075	35	20	0	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	120	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	385	385	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	615	600	10	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	210	205	10	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	495	490	10	0	0	10
54. History	240	235	0	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	35	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,005	4,915	55	15	20	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	100	95	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	480	460	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,290	1,265	15	0	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	650	640	10	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	80	85	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	985	980	10	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,420	1,395	10	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	11,000	10,830	125	35	15	140
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	35	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	785	770	10	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,185	10,020	115	35	10	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,935	1,900	25	10	0	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,170	1,145	20	0	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	345	340	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	15	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	310	300	0	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	100	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,425	1,405	10	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,110	1,095	10	10	0	10
25. Library science	160	165	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	145	145	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,345	13,070	205	45	25	225
04. Architecture and related services	150	150	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,145	1,105	25	15	10	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,395	2,335	55	0	0	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,650	3,580	45	15	10	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,150	4,090	55	10	0	60
48. Precision production	1,845	1,810	25	0	10	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,845	2,810	20	0	10	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,325	2,290	20	10	0	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	515	515	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	11,545	11,400	120	15	0	130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	815	810	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,550	10,405	125	15	10	130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	180	180	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,505	4,420	70	15	0	80
12. Personal and culinary services	2,830	2,795	25	20	0	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,085	1,055	30	0	0	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	560	550	15	0	0	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	128,390	125,735	1,275	275	1,100	1,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,565	65,915	520	105	1,025	575
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	60,825	59,825	755	170	70	840
Location of study inside Canada	52,720	52,050	620	35	15	640
Same as province or territory of residence	43,340	43,045	280	10	10	280
Different than province or territory of residence	9,380	9,005	340	30	10	355
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	8,105	7,770	135	140	60	205
United States^Footnote 130	2,675	2,650	25	0	0	25
Philippines	1,380	1,380	0	0	0	0
India	275	275	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	665	655	0	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	145	135	0	0	15	0
France	65	25	25	10	0	30
Other	2,895	2,650	85	115	50	140
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	128,390	125,735	1,280	270	1,100	not applicable ...
In the labour force	88,460	86,950	855	220	435	not applicable ...
Employed	82,675	81,275	775	200	430	not applicable ...
Unemployed	5,780	5,675	85	15	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	39,930	38,785	425	60	660	not applicable ...
Participation rate	68.9	69.2	66.8	81.5	39.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	64.4	64.6	60.5	74.1	39.1	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.5	6.5	9.9	6.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	128,390	125,735	1,275	270	1,100	1,415
Did not work^Footnote 135	35,370	34,240	425	50	655	455
Worked	93,020	91,500	855	220	440	960
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	45,845	45,130	395	110	210	450
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	47,175	46,370	455	120	230	510
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.6	42.2	40.9	40.8	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	95,780	94,195	885	230	480	1,000
a.Management	10,765	10,625	100	30	20	110
00 Senior management occupations	590	570	0	0	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,235	2,195	40	10	0	45
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,390	3,360	20	10	0	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	4,555	4,500	45	0	10	45
b.Professional	11,670	11,485	145	30	10	160
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,515	1,510	10	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,395	1,345	35	15	0	45
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,640	1,610	15	0	10	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,230	1,215	0	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,590	3,510	70	10	0	75
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,705	1,695	0	10	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	595	590	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	8,000	7,915	70	20	0	80
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,345	2,330	10	0	0	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,870	1,850	10	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,960	1,945	15	10	0	20
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	505	480	25	0	0	25
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,325	1,310	10	10	0	10
d.Administration and administrative support	10,930	10,830	60	15	20	70
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,070	4,050	15	10	0	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,500	1,485	15	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	3,555	3,525	20	10	0	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,800	1,770	15	0	15	10
e.Sales	8,725	8,640	70	10	10	70
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,820	1,790	35	0	0	30
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	4,140	4,100	30	10	0	30
66 Sales support occupations	2,775	2,755	0	0	10	10
f.Personal and customer information services	17,520	17,190	130	60	145	160
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,175	2,175	0	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,435	2,410	15	0	0	15
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	3,135	3,045	40	10	40	45
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,725	3,695	10	15	10	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	6,050	5,860	55	45	95	80
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	8,775	8,650	115	0	10	115
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	5,845	5,780	55	0	0	55
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,935	2,870	55	0	0	60
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	8,055	7,935	90	0	20	100
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,435	1,410	10	0	15	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	4,765	4,690	65	10	0	75
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,855	1,840	15	0	0	15
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,695	5,600	40	0	55	40
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,040	1,020	20	0	0	20
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,110	3,060	0	10	45	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,540	1,515	15	0	10	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,645	5,330	65	55	190	95
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,145	1,145	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,160	1,970	30	30	135	45
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	440	440	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,900	1,780	35	25	60	45
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	95,780	94,195	885	230	475	1,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	7,725	7,610	20	20	85	25
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	7,375	7,265	15	15	75	25
113 Forestry and logging	40	40	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	310	305	0	0	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,095	3,070	30	0	0	25
211 Oil and gas extraction	855	835	20	0	0	20
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	280	280	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	1,955	1,950	0	0	0	10
22 Utilities	665	660	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	670	660	10	0	0	0
23 Construction	8,305	8,235	60	10	0	65
236 Construction of buildings	2,435	2,405	30	0	10	25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,140	1,135	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,725	4,695	25	0	10	25
31-33 Manufacturing	8,385	7,995	115	70	210	150
311 Food manufacturing	4,420	4,055	95	65	205	130
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	220	220	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	15	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	395	395	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	85	85	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	105	105	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	130	130	10	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	290	285	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	245	250	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	925	915	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	280	280	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	45	50	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	65	65	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	500	495	10	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	275	275	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	220	220	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,800	2,745	30	0	15	35
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	165	165	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	55	55	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	340	315	0	10	15	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	90	80	0	0	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	295	290	0	0	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	475	475	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	810	800	10	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	470	465	10	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	100	100	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	11,380	11,270	85	15	10	95
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,870	1,860	10	0	0	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	345	335	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	260	260	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	950	940	0	10	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	2,225	2,205	10	0	10	15
446 Health and personal care stores	970	970	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	395	395	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	960	935	25	0	0	25
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	615	615	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,705	1,695	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	760	745	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	325	320	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,960	3,880	65	10	0	70
481 Air transportation	40	40	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	215	215	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,250	2,195	45	10	0	50
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	365	345	15	0	0	15
486 Pipeline transportation	45	40	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	295	300	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	360	360	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	195	195	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	185	185	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	955	945	10	0	0	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	165	170	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	150	140	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	90	95	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	215	215	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	15	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	315	315	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,330	2,300	25	10	0	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,115	1,105	10	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	235	220	0	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	980	970	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,335	1,305	20	10	0	25
531 Real estate	1,090	1,060	20	0	0	25
532 Rental and leasing services	245	240	0	10	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,065	4,005	55	10	0	60
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,065	4,005	55	0	0	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	115	110	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	115	115	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,575	3,470	40	25	40	50
561 Administrative and support services	3,255	3,165	35	20	40	45
562 Waste management and remediation services	320	310	10	0	0	10
61 Educational services	7,810	7,680	115	15	0	125
611 Educational services	7,810	7,680	110	15	0	125
62 Health care and social assistance	11,365	11,280	70	15	0	80
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,930	3,910	25	0	0	25
622 Hospitals	2,945	2,905	25	0	0	30
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,210	2,200	10	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	2,280	2,265	15	0	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,690	1,685	10	0	0	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	365	365	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	170	170	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,155	1,150	10	0	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	6,900	6,770	35	25	70	45
721 Accommodation services	820	810	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	6,075	5,965	30	25	55	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,540	4,490	25	10	20	30
811 Repair and maintenance	1,870	1,845	15	0	0	20
812 Personal and laundry services	1,265	1,240	0	0	15	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,150	1,140	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	260	250	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	4,775	4,685	75	0	10	75
911 Federal government public administration	1,220	1,150	60	0	10	60
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,135	1,125	10	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,385	2,370	10	10	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	40	35	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	82,675	81,275	770	195	430	870
Worked at home	7,470	7,365	60	20	20	75
Worked outside Canada	150	150	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	11,640	11,440	140	15	50	145
Worked at usual place	63,415	62,320	570	160	365	650
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	95,780	94,190	885	230	475	1,000
English	94,635	93,380	790	195	270	885
French	145	65	75	0	0	80
Non-official language	700	500	0	15	180	10
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	690	495	0	20	180	10
English and French	70	40	20	10	0	20
English and non-official language	225	200	0	0	25	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	95,780	94,190	885	230	475	1,000
None	92,595	91,340	680	180	400	765
English	505	415	50	25	20	60
French	450	295	145	10	0	150
Non-official language	2,180	2,105	10	15	55	10
Aboriginal	95	90	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,090	2,015	0	15	55	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	35	10	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	63,420	62,320	570	165	365	650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	44,100	43,400	385	105	220	435
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	16,560	16,190	170	60	145	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,360	2,340	10	0	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	395	395	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	75,055	73,760	705	180	415	795
Car, truck, van - as a driver	63,545	62,640	565	115	225	620
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,810	4,615	60	30	100	75
Public transit	1,720	1,655	15	15	25	25
Walked	3,165	3,115	40	10	10	40
Bicycle	905	860	20	0	20	20
Other method	915	870	10	10	30	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	75,055	73,760	710	180	410	795
Less than 15 minutes	37,435	36,835	365	55	180	395
15 to 29 minutes	26,550	26,020	235	105	185	290
30 to 44 minutes	6,520	6,420	55	15	30	65
45 to 59 minutes	1,965	1,935	25	0	10	20
60 minutes and over	2,595	2,555	25	0	15	25
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	75,055	73,765	710	175	410	795
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,730	4,575	95	10	50	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,460	13,270	120	15	60	125
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	23,165	22,885	200	40	40	220
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,340	14,170	115	30	25	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,990	6,845	75	10	65	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,375	12,025	95	75	180	135
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	160,020	156,400	1,430	350	1,830	1,610
Non-movers	134,745	132,115	1,150	265	1,220	1,280
Movers	25,280	24,290	285	90	615	330
Non-migrants	15,190	14,805	120	30	240	135
Migrants	10,085	9,485	165	55	380	195
Internal migrants	8,505	8,160	165	55	135	190
Intraprovincial migrants	6,905	6,715	80	20	90	90
Interprovincial migrants	1,600	1,440	80	35	40	100
External migrants	1,580	1,325	0	10	245	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	150,760	147,710	1,385	345	1,315	1,560
Non-movers	85,665	84,445	730	125	370	790
Movers	65,095	63,265	660	225	945	770
Non-migrants	32,885	32,420	195	70	195	230
Migrants	32,210	30,845	460	155	745	540
Internal migrants	25,425	24,840	335	100	140	390
Intraprovincial migrants	18,535	18,275	140	40	70	165
Interprovincial migrants	6,890	6,565	195	60	70	225
External migrants	6,785	6,000	130	50	605	150

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Division No. 2

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.