Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Division No. 13

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	140	1,315
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
0 to 14 years	12,930	12,850	35	10	30	40
0 to 4 years	4,020	3,980	10	0	30	10
5 to 9 years	4,565	4,560	0	10	0	0
10 to 14 years	4,340	4,305	25	10	0	25
15 to 64 years	45,285	44,310	870	10	95	875
15 to 19 years	4,410	4,390	15	10	0	15
20 to 24 years	3,440	3,375	60	0	0	60
25 to 29 years	3,800	3,745	40	0	15	40
30 to 34 years	4,190	4,120	65	0	0	65
35 to 39 years	4,115	4,070	50	0	0	50
40 to 44 years	4,375	4,275	90	0	10	85
45 to 49 years	4,565	4,445	105	0	10	105
50 to 54 years	5,565	5,440	115	0	10	110
55 to 59 years	5,705	5,520	170	0	10	175
60 to 64 years	5,115	4,920	165	0	30	165
65 years and over	10,850	10,435	390	10	15	395
65 to 69 years	3,970	3,775	185	0	10	185
70 to 74 years	3,000	2,895	90	10	10	95
75 to 79 years	1,860	1,780	80	0	0	80
80 to 84 years	1,190	1,170	15	0	0	20
85 years and over	840	815	15	0	0	15
85 to 89 years	630	610	20	0	0	15
90 to 94 years	180	175	0	0	10	0
95 to 99 years	30	30	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.4	40.2	54.1	37.4	42.0	not applicable ...
Median age	41.8	41.4	57.7	18.7	47.8	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	56,135	54,750	1,265	20	110	1,270
Married or living common law	36,515	35,540	885	10	85	890
Married	30,110	29,310	715	10	70	725
Living common law	6,400	6,230	170	0	10	170
Not married and not living common law	19,620	19,215	380	10	30	380
Never married	12,370	12,215	145	10	0	150
Separated	1,275	1,225	35	0	10	40
Divorced	3,335	3,215	115	0	10	120
Widowed	2,635	2,555	70	0	10	70
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	56,140	54,750	1,260	15	110	1,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,715	52,340	1,250	15	105	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,683	52,459	64,649	0	20,495	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,384	37,414	38,071	0	19,530	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,725	52,350	1,245	15	105	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,361	43,194	52,385	0	18,501	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,941	33,979	35,285	0	19,477	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,275	48,075	1,115	15	65	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,678	51,410	64,534	0	26,966	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,297	36,279	37,499	0	24,976	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,145	31,255	835	0	60	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,814	8,780	10,289	0	5,996	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,204	7,132	10,030	0	2,230	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,380	41,360	945	0	60	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,044	49,911	57,176	0	26,086	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,065	36,143	33,923	0	25,034	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	90.0	90.0	89.0	0.0	81.5	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.0	75.2	67.1	0.0	72.7	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.0	10.0	10.7	0.0	15.3	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	56,135	54,750	1,265	20	110	1,270
Without total income	2,425	2,405	15	0	0	15
With total income	53,710	52,345	1,245	15	105	1,250
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.6	98.4	75.0	95.5	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,260	7,120	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$10,000 to $19,999	7,780	7,585	175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$20,000 to $29,999	7,590	7,325	240	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	245
$30,000 to $39,999	5,540	5,390	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$40,000 to $49,999	5,010	4,890	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$50,000 to $59,999	3,850	3,795	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,175	3,080	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$70,000 to $79,999	2,515	2,445	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$80,000 to $89,999	2,145	2,090	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$90,000 to $99,999	1,975	1,935	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	6,870	6,695	175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$100,000 to $149,999	4,580	4,490	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$150,000 and over	2,290	2,200	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	56,140	54,745	1,265	15	110	1,270
Without after-tax income	2,415	2,395	15	0	10	15
With after-tax income	53,720	52,350	1,245	15	105	1,255
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.6	98.4	100.0	95.5	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,480	7,335	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$10,000 to $19,999	8,035	7,835	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$20,000 to $29,999	8,615	8,325	265	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	270
$30,000 to $39,999	6,600	6,405	175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$40,000 to $49,999	5,860	5,780	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$50,000 to $59,999	4,255	4,140	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$60,000 to $69,999	3,230	3,130	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$70,000 to $79,999	2,875	2,815	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$80,000 and over	6,775	6,590	180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	185
$80,000 to $89,999	1,945	1,910	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	1,320	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$100,000 and over	3,490	3,365	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	56,140	54,750	1,265	20	110	1,270
Without employment income	13,755	13,390	310	0	45	315
With employment income	42,380	41,360	945	10	65	950
Percentage with employment income	75.5	75.5	74.7	50.0	59.1	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,600	6,465	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$5,000 to $9,999	3,280	3,200	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$10,000 to $19,999	4,715	4,610	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$20,000 to $29,999	4,290	4,165	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$30,000 to $39,999	3,700	3,570	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$40,000 to $49,999	3,350	3,300	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$50,000 to $59,999	2,870	2,820	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$60,000 to $69,999	2,365	2,310	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,075	2,005	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$80,000 and over	9,135	8,920	210	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	210
$80,000 to $89,999	1,650	1,620	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,755	1,720	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	5,725	5,580	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	56,135	54,750	1,260	15	110	1,270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	18,425	18,050	345	0	30	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	56,996	56,991	64,307	0	39,489	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	67,383	67,110	83,285	0	34,883	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	69,065	67,600	1,295	25	140	1,310
English only	65,700	65,700	0	0	0	0
French only	20	0	20	0	0	20
English and French	3,190	1,890	1,275	25	0	1,290
Neither English nor French	155	15	0	0	140	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
English	66,315	65,340	975	0	0	975
French	280	10	270	0	0	265
Non-official language	1,560	1,390	0	25	145	10
Aboriginal	130	130	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,430	1,265	0	25	140	15
English and French	80	20	55	0	0	55
English and non-official language	830	830	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
None	65,580	64,550	870	10	140	880
English	920	725	185	10	0	190
French	525	285	235	0	0	235
Non-official language	1,990	1,990	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal	370	375	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,620	1,615	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	40	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
English	61,640	61,640	0	0	0	0
French	1,460	160	1,295	0	0	1,295
Non-official language	5,495	5,325	0	25	140	10
Aboriginal	385	380	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,115	4,950	0	25	140	15
English and French	95	95	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	360	355	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	69,065	67,600	1,295	25	140	1,310
Official languages	68,915	67,590	1,300	25	0	1,310
English	68,890	67,585	1,275	25	0	1,290
French	3,210	1,885	1,300	25	0	1,310
Non-official languages	6,705	6,505	30	25	145	40
Aboriginal languages	635	630	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,065	5,875	30	25	140	45
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,315
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	6,970	6,850	115	0	10	115
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	6,810	6,690	110	0	10	110
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	2,695	2,680	10	0	0	10
Métis	4,050	3,955	95	0	0	95
Inuk (Inuit)	65	60	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	130	130	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	30	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	62,095	60,750	1,180	25	140	1,190
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	140	1,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,470	2,440	20	0	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,600	65,155	1,275	25	140	1,290
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	69,070	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,990	1,950	35	0	0	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,890	1,850	35	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,280	1,255	25	0	0	20
Métis single ancestry	580	570	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	100	105	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	100	100	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	6,000	5,865	130	0	0	130
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	5,605	5,490	120	0	0	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,735	2,675	60	0	0	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,805	2,735	60	0	0	65
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	70	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	390	380	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	355	345	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	61,075	59,780	1,130	25	140	1,140
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	69,065	67,600	1,295	25	140	1,310
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	67,005	65,605	1,300	20	85	1,305
Canadian citizens only	66,315	64,935	1,295	10	75	1,295
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	695	670	10	10	0	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	2,060	1,995	0	0	60	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	64,080	62,745	1,290	10	45	1,290
Immigrants^Footnote 42	4,480	4,375	10	15	75	20
Before 1981	1,890	1,875	10	0	10	15
1981 to 1990	430	420	0	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	455	445	0	0	10	0
2001 to 2010	760	730	0	15	20	0
2001 to 2005	240	235	0	0	10	0
2006 to 2010	515	490	0	20	10	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	945	910	0	0	40	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	500	485	0	0	20	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	4,475	4,375	10	20	75	20
Under 5 years	510	510	0	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,045	1,045	0	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,005	995	0	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,655	1,625	10	0	25	10
45 years and over	265	205	0	10	45	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	4,480	4,375	15	20	75	20
Americas	765	765	0	0	0	0
Brazil	10	15	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mexico	190	190	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	410	415	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	80	0	0	0	0
Europe	2,270	2,225	15	10	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	10
Germany	435	435	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	35	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	35	40	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	15	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	530	525	0	0	0	0
Poland	185	175	0	0	10	0
Portugal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	20	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	20	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	55	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	630	630	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	210	190	0	10	10	0
Africa	290	285	0	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	60	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	130	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	75	0	0	10	0
Asia	1,090	1,040	0	0	45	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	120	85	0	0	30	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	15	20	0	0	0	0
India	65	65	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	70	70	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	60	0	0	0	0
Philippines	630	625	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	15	15	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	50	40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	60	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	945	910	0	0	40	0
Americas	145	145	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	25	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	70	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	40	40	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	115	100	0	0	15	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	35	0	0	20	0
Africa	80	70	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	30	20	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	605	595	0	0	15	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	15	10	0	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	50	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	20	25	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	460	460	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	69,065	67,600	1,300	25	145	1,310
First generation^Footnote 71	5,185	5,060	20	15	95	20
Second generation^Footnote 72	10,750	10,630	75	10	35	85
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	53,130	51,915	1,205	0	10	1,205
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,665	2,585	0	20	70	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,540	1,525	0	10	10	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	605	600	0	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	930	920	0	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	975	930	0	0	35	10
Refugees^Footnote 79	130	110	0	0	20	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	25	25	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	69,065	67,595	1,300	25	140	1,310
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,620	2,520	0	0	100	0
South Asian^Footnote 83	295	295	0	0	0	0
Chinese	325	280	0	0	45	0
Black	400	400	0	0	10	0
Filipino	890	880	0	10	10	0
Latin American	185	165	0	0	20	0
Arab	25	25	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	105	90	0	0	20	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	190	185	0	0	10	0
Japanese	80	75	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	90	90	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	66,445	65,080	1,295	20	45	1,310
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	69,065	67,600	1,295	25	140	1,310
North American Aboriginal origins	7,990	7,820	165	0	0	165
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,495	4,405	90	0	0	90
Inuit	135	135	0	0	0	10
Métis	3,855	3,765	90	0	0	85
Other North American origins	20,890	20,265	630	0	0	630
Acadian	50	35	15	0	0	10
American	1,260	1,235	20	0	0	20
Canadian	19,870	19,265	605	0	0	605
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	60	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,880	52,940	880	20	40	890
British Isles origins	31,110	30,940	155	0	0	160
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	17,535	17,465	75	0	10	70
Irish	11,590	11,515	75	0	0	80
Manx	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	13,400	13,360	35	0	10	35
Welsh	1,395	1,390	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,265	1,260	0	0	0	10
French origins	10,325	9,515	815	0	0	810
Alsatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,325	9,510	815	0	0	810
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,725	21,635	55	25	15	65
Austrian	690	695	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	605	580	10	15	0	15
Dutch	6,025	6,015	10	10	10	0
Flemish	55	55	0	0	0	0
Frisian	25	25	0	0	0	0
German	15,875	15,830	25	10	10	35
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	400	380	20	0	0	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,195	7,190	10	0	0	15
Danish	1,285	1,290	0	0	0	0
Finnish	355	350	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	415	415	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,320	3,315	10	0	0	10
Swedish	2,335	2,335	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	285	280	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	15,445	15,400	30	0	20	25
Bulgarian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Czech	340	345	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	255	250	0	0	0	0
Estonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	770	765	0	0	10	0
Latvian	60	50	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,955	4,945	0	0	0	0
Romanian	345	345	0	0	0	0
Russian	1,500	1,500	0	0	0	0
Slovak	190	190	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	9,980	9,950	25	0	10	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,880	1,840	30	0	0	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	95	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	145	145	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,045	1,015	25	0	0	25
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	65	65	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	115	0	0	10	0
Serbian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Spanish	285	280	10	0	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	125	120	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	290	290	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	65	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	20	25	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	200	200	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	110	105	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	75	75	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	375	360	0	0	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	20	25	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	45	50	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	25	0	0	0	0
Mexican	245	225	0	0	15	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	15	15	0	0	0	0
African origins	430	420	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	90	90	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	65	65	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	175	165	0	0	10	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	60	60	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	145	145	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	125	125	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,265	2,185	0	10	75	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	165	160	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	20	20	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	90	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	340	340	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	240	240	0	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	65	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	30	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,755	1,675	0	0	75	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	435	390	0	0	40	0
Filipino	970	965	0	10	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Japanese	105	100	0	0	10	0
Karen	15	0	0	0	15	0
Korean	185	180	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	95	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	120	115	0	0	0	0
Australian	80	80	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	35	30	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	56,135	54,745	1,260	15	110	1,270
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,990	13,625	305	0	55	305
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	17,510	17,110	370	0	25	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,635	24,010	590	10	25	595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,470	8,195	265	0	10	265
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	2,425	2,320	105	0	0	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	6,045	5,880	160	0	0	160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,040	9,815	200	10	10	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,360	1,330	30	0	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,765	4,665	95	0	10	90
Bachelor's degree	3,660	3,580	80	0	10	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	260	10	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	170	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	605	605	0	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	50	50	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	56,135	54,745	1,260	15	110	1,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	31,500	30,740	675	10	85	675
Education	1,870	1,820	50	0	0	50
13. Education	1,865	1,820	50	0	0	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	375	365	10	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	110	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	265	255	10	0	0	10
Humanities	485	475	0	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	80	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	105	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	220	220	0	0	0	0
54. History	40	35	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,215	1,190	20	0	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	25	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	120	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	455	435	15	0	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	200	195	0	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	25	25	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	135	130	10	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	255	255	0	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,765	3,685	75	0	0	80
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	25	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	265	15	0	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,455	3,390	60	0	0	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	475	465	15	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	140	0	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	115	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	115	115	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	100	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	370	10	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	305	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	50	45	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,715	8,455	245	10	15	245
04. Architecture and related services	100	95	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	395	370	10	0	10	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,270	1,255	10	10	0	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,450	2,405	45	0	0	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,125	3,010	105	0	0	105
48. Precision production	1,380	1,310	70	0	0	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,515	1,480	30	0	0	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	930	910	15	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	585	570	15	0	0	15
Health and related fields	3,960	3,880	80	0	0	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	190	0	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,740	3,665	80	0	0	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	25	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,890	1,820	55	0	0	60
12. Personal and culinary services	1,120	1,085	25	10	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	210	205	0	0	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	555	525	30	0	0	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	56,135	54,750	1,260	15	110	1,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,500	30,745	670	0	85	675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	24,635	24,010	590	10	25	595
Location of study inside Canada	22,790	22,185	590	0	10	590
Same as province or territory of residence	18,605	18,215	385	0	10	385
Different than province or territory of residence	4,185	3,975	205	0	0	210
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,845	1,815	0	10	15	10
United States^Footnote 130	325	330	0	0	0	0
Philippines	495	490	0	0	0	0
India	60	60	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	180	180	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	780	755	0	15	15	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	56,140	54,750	1,260	15	115	not applicable ...
In the labour force	38,400	37,475	870	10	50	not applicable ...
Employed	34,505	33,700	760	0	45	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,895	3,770	115	0	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	17,735	17,275	390	10	60	not applicable ...
Participation rate	68.4	68.4	69.0	66.7	43.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	61.5	61.6	60.3	0.0	39.1	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	10.1	10.1	13.2	0.0	20.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	56,140	54,750	1,260	20	110	1,270
Did not work^Footnote 135	15,190	14,820	325	10	35	325
Worked	40,945	39,925	940	10	75	945
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	19,315	18,910	370	0	30	365
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	21,635	21,020	575	10	40	575
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	41.8	40.7	0.0	33.6	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	42,235	41,200	955	10	75	960
a.Management	6,095	5,935	150	0	10	145
00 Senior management occupations	255	230	20	0	10	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	790	775	25	0	0	20
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,280	1,240	45	0	0	45
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	3,760	3,695	65	0	0	65
b.Professional	3,315	3,235	75	0	10	70
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	475	455	20	0	0	25
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	465	450	10	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	500	500	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	330	325	0	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	895	865	35	0	0	30
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	485	485	0	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	160	160	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,880	2,855	20	0	0	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,195	1,180	10	0	0	10
32 Technical occupations in health	570	565	0	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	450	450	0	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	245	240	0	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	425	415	10	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	4,855	4,750	105	0	0	105
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,760	1,725	35	0	0	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	695	660	35	0	0	30
14 Office support occupations	1,685	1,655	30	0	0	25
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	720	710	15	0	0	10
e.Sales	3,375	3,325	45	0	0	45
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	580	570	10	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,425	1,415	10	0	0	10
66 Sales support occupations	1,365	1,340	25	0	0	25
f.Personal and customer information services	6,220	6,025	145	10	45	150
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	775	755	15	0	0	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	930	900	30	0	0	30
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,060	1,030	20	0	10	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,360	1,320	30	0	0	35
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,100	2,015	50	0	30	55
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	5,130	4,985	145	0	0	145
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,065	2,980	85	0	0	80
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,065	2,000	60	0	0	65
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	5,180	5,000	170	0	10	170
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	575	550	25	0	0	25
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,615	3,485	125	0	10	130
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	990	960	15	0	0	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,165	3,095	65	0	10	65
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	970	935	30	0	0	35
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,495	1,465	20	0	10	25
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	705	700	10	0	0	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,035	1,995	40	0	0	40
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,015	1,005	10	0	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	550	525	25	0	0	25
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	325	330	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	42,235	41,195	960	0	70	960
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,985	4,880	105	0	10	105
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	4,420	4,365	55	0	0	55
113 Forestry and logging	375	330	45	0	0	45
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	180	180	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,270	3,220	55	0	0	55
211 Oil and gas extraction	1,180	1,150	30	0	0	25
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	220	225	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	1,870	1,840	30	0	0	30
22 Utilities	350	350	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	345	345	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,260	5,140	120	0	0	120
236 Construction of buildings	1,355	1,325	30	0	0	30
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,275	1,240	25	0	10	20
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,635	2,570	65	0	0	65
31-33 Manufacturing	2,810	2,725	85	0	10	80
311 Food manufacturing	235	235	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	730	715	15	0	0	15
322 Paper manufacturing	660	630	20	0	10	20
323 Printing and related support activities	55	55	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	130	120	0	0	0	10
325 Chemical manufacturing	105	105	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	55	55	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	100	85	10	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	30	35	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	310	300	10	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	165	150	10	0	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	25	30	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	35	40	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	65	50	10	0	0	15
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	55	60	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,110	1,100	0	0	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	50	45	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	80	80	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	45	50	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	25	25	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	100	100	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	140	145	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	415	415	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	195	195	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	55	45	0	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,605	4,505	95	10	0	95
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	780	775	10	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	110	105	0	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	70	70	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	350	340	10	0	0	15
445 Food and beverage stores	1,380	1,365	15	0	0	15
446 Health and personal care stores	320	315	10	10	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	325	320	10	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	195	190	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	130	130	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	585	555	30	0	0	30
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	245	235	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	125	115	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,385	2,280	95	0	10	95
481 Air transportation	35	30	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	35	35	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,450	1,370	75	0	10	75
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	295	275	20	0	0	20
486 Pipeline transportation	115	110	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	195	200	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	135	135	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	50	50	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	65	70	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	230	230	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	50	50	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	15	15	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	25	30	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	45	45	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	85	85	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	785	755	25	0	0	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	390	370	25	0	0	20
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	85	80	0	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	295	295	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	490	475	15	0	0	15
531 Real estate	260	260	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	230	215	15	0	0	15
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,620	1,580	40	0	0	40
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,620	1,580	40	0	0	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,440	1,390	45	0	10	40
561 Administrative and support services	1,165	1,115	40	0	10	40
562 Waste management and remediation services	270	275	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,440	2,365	70	0	0	75
611 Educational services	2,440	2,365	70	0	0	75
62 Health care and social assistance	3,695	3,630	70	0	0	70
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,135	1,115	15	0	0	15
622 Hospitals	1,055	1,040	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	725	710	15	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	785	760	25	0	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	635	620	10	0	0	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	100	95	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	40	35	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	495	485	10	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,150	2,080	50	0	30	45
721 Accommodation services	535	525	10	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	1,620	1,550	35	0	30	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,085	2,045	35	0	10	35
811 Repair and maintenance	1,180	1,145	35	0	0	35
812 Personal and laundry services	450	445	0	0	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	325	325	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	130	130	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	1,875	1,835	45	0	0	45
911 Federal government public administration	460	445	10	0	0	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	500	500	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	860	830	30	0	0	30
914 Aboriginal public administration	60	60	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	34,510	33,700	755	0	50	760
Worked at home	5,290	5,195	90	10	0	90
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,895	5,750	135	10	10	140
Worked at usual place	23,310	22,745	535	0	40	530
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	42,235	41,200	955	0	70	960
English	41,960	41,025	895	10	35	900
French	60	20	35	0	0	35
Non-official language	105	70	0	0	35	0
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	60	0	0	35	0
English and French	40	15	25	0	0	25
English and non-official language	75	65	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	42,235	41,200	955	10	75	960
None	41,490	40,600	825	10	70	825
English	100	70	20	0	0	25
French	210	105	110	0	0	105
Non-official language	420	410	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	80	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	340	330	0	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	23,315	22,745	530	0	35	530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,495	9,245	225	0	25	225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,480	8,315	150	0	15	145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,210	5,060	150	0	0	150
Commute to a different province or territory	130	125	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	29,205	28,495	670	0	45	670
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,300	24,725	550	0	25	550
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,350	1,310	30	0	15	30
Public transit	400	375	30	0	0	30
Walked	1,605	1,560	50	0	0	50
Bicycle	95	95	0	0	0	0
Other method	450	430	10	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	29,210	28,495	670	10	40	670
Less than 15 minutes	11,720	11,450	235	0	35	240
15 to 29 minutes	6,630	6,480	155	0	0	155
30 to 44 minutes	4,345	4,210	130	0	10	130
45 to 59 minutes	2,460	2,415	40	0	0	40
60 minutes and over	4,045	3,935	110	0	0	110
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	29,205	28,495	670	0	45	665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,195	3,095	100	0	0	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,355	6,220	135	0	10	130
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,170	7,980	170	0	15	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,780	5,615	155	0	0	155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,050	2,000	45	0	10	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,655	3,585	60	0	10	60
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	68,330	66,880	1,295	25	120	1,310
Non-movers	59,990	58,735	1,130	25	95	1,140
Movers	8,340	8,150	165	0	25	170
Non-migrants	3,905	3,810	90	0	0	90
Migrants	4,440	4,335	80	0	25	80
Internal migrants	4,220	4,130	75	0	10	75
Intraprovincial migrants	3,675	3,610	55	0	10	55
Interprovincial migrants	540	520	25	0	0	25
External migrants	220	205	0	0	15	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	65,040	63,620	1,285	25	110	1,300
Non-movers	43,100	42,185	835	20	60	845
Movers	21,945	21,435	450	10	50	455
Non-migrants	8,700	8,550	145	0	10	145
Migrants	13,245	12,885	305	10	45	310
Internal migrants	12,215	11,890	305	10	10	310
Intraprovincial migrants	9,655	9,495	150	0	0	150
Interprovincial migrants	2,560	2,390	155	0	10	155
External migrants	1,030	995	0	0	30	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Division No. 13

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.