Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Nanaimo, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	525	1,085
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	520	1,085
0 to 14 years	13,010	12,855	35	35	90	55
0 to 4 years	4,225	4,160	0	0	60	10
5 to 9 years	4,610	4,575	15	15	0	20
10 to 14 years	4,180	4,115	20	20	25	30
15 to 64 years	56,485	55,570	610	55	250	640
15 to 19 years	4,505	4,470	25	10	0	25
20 to 24 years	5,570	5,530	25	10	15	30
25 to 29 years	5,480	5,435	45	10	0	45
30 to 34 years	5,650	5,565	65	10	15	70
35 to 39 years	5,080	5,010	40	0	25	40
40 to 44 years	4,995	4,900	55	10	30	60
45 to 49 years	5,505	5,380	60	10	55	65
50 to 54 years	6,145	5,985	120	10	35	120
55 to 59 years	6,795	6,665	85	0	40	90
60 to 64 years	6,765	6,645	90	0	30	95
65 years and over	18,150	17,565	380	15	190	385
65 to 69 years	6,465	6,285	105	0	65	110
70 to 74 years	4,480	4,320	135	0	30	135
75 to 79 years	3,250	3,125	90	0	35	85
80 to 84 years	2,165	2,105	30	0	30	30
85 years and over	1,790	1,730	25	10	35	25
85 to 89 years	1,295	1,245	20	0	25	20
90 to 94 years	415	410	0	0	10	0
95 to 99 years	75	75	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	43.2	43.0	54.9	35.9	50.8	not applicable ...
Median age	44.5	44.2	56.9	32.7	55.7	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	74,640	73,135	990	75	435	1,030
Married or living common law	42,585	41,535	680	50	320	705
Married	33,950	33,050	545	45	305	565
Living common law	8,635	8,485	135	10	15	135
Not married and not living common law	32,050	31,600	310	25	115	325
Never married	19,170	18,975	135	15	45	140
Separated	2,400	2,385	15	0	0	20
Divorced	6,405	6,275	105	0	25	105
Widowed	4,075	3,965	60	10	45	60
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	74,640	73,140	990	75	435	1,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,345	70,880	975	75	415	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,502	40,650	40,332	34,162	16,855	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,893	32,082	33,215	18,985	14,571	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,410	70,940	980	75	415	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,702	34,816	34,880	29,985	15,634	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,965	29,110	30,192	17,577	14,571	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,865	63,645	865	75	275	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,223	38,360	36,313	30,947	14,821	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,799	29,008	26,221	14,454	9,976	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,135	52,960	775	50	350	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,329	8,305	10,140	0	8,381	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,474	7,417	11,185	0	8,695	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,805	50,990	610	45	155	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,801	36,863	36,915	32,840	17,332	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,032	28,110	27,290	14,676	12,756	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	84.6	84.7	79.9	90.6	57.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	65.1	65.2	57.3	64.1	37.9	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	15.4	15.3	20.0	0.0	41.9	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	74,640	73,135	990	75	435	1,030
Without total income	2,295	2,255	15	0	20	15
With total income	72,350	70,880	975	75	415	1,010
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.9	98.5	100.0	95.4	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,475	9,265	75	too unreliable to be published F	125	80
$10,000 to $19,999	13,685	13,265	220	too unreliable to be published F	175	230
$20,000 to $29,999	11,130	10,890	160	too unreliable to be published F	80	165
$30,000 to $39,999	9,220	9,060	155	too unreliable to be published F	10	150
$40,000 to $49,999	7,625	7,490	115	too unreliable to be published F	15	115
$50,000 to $59,999	5,650	5,570	80	too unreliable to be published F	10	80
$60,000 to $69,999	4,315	4,240	50	too unreliable to be published F	15	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,320	3,305	10	too unreliable to be published F	10	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,365	2,320	45	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,730	1,715	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
$100,000 and over	3,825	3,755	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$100,000 to $149,999	2,900	2,850	50	too unreliable to be published F	0	50
$150,000 and over	920	905	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	74,640	73,135	990	75	435	1,030
Without after-tax income	2,225	2,195	10	0	25	15
With after-tax income	72,415	70,940	980	75	420	1,020
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.0	99.0	100.0	96.6	99.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,990	9,760	85	too unreliable to be published F	125	95
$10,000 to $19,999	14,330	13,900	210	too unreliable to be published F	190	230
$20,000 to $29,999	13,055	12,805	180	too unreliable to be published F	60	185
$30,000 to $39,999	10,740	10,545	180	too unreliable to be published F	10	180
$40,000 to $49,999	7,945	7,795	140	too unreliable to be published F	10	135
$50,000 to $59,999	5,625	5,570	40	too unreliable to be published F	15	45
$60,000 to $69,999	4,020	3,990	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,640	2,585	45	too unreliable to be published F	0	50
$80,000 and over	4,065	3,990	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	75
$80,000 to $89,999	1,550	1,520	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	35
$90,000 to $99,999	790	775	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	20
$100,000 and over	1,720	1,705	20	too unreliable to be published F	0	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	74,640	73,135	995	75	435	1,030
Without employment income	22,835	22,150	380	25	280	390
With employment income	51,805	50,990	610	50	155	635
Percentage with employment income	69.4	69.7	61.3	66.7	35.6	61.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,345	9,170	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$5,000 to $9,999	4,000	3,940	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$10,000 to $19,999	7,460	7,310	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$20,000 to $29,999	6,275	6,185	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$30,000 to $39,999	5,450	5,350	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$40,000 to $49,999	4,805	4,760	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$50,000 to $59,999	3,625	3,590	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,835	2,800	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,325	2,295	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$80,000 and over	5,680	5,590	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,780	1,760	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,245	1,225	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	2,660	2,605	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	74,640	73,135	990	75	435	1,030
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	20,505	20,270	195	30	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	48,732	48,803	45,302	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	55,621	55,641	57,067	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	520	1,080
English only	81,135	81,135	0	0	0	0
French only	15	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	5,975	4,845	1,015	110	0	1,075
Neither English nor French	530	10	0	0	525	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	525	1,080
English	82,220	81,400	820	0	0	820
French	190	30	165	0	0	165
Non-official language	3,560	2,950	0	85	525	45
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,550	2,940	0	85	525	45
English and French	70	25	30	20	0	35
English and non-official language	1,590	1,585	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	87,650	85,990	1,025	105	525	1,085
None	81,870	80,715	620	50	485	650
English	1,580	1,425	95	40	25	115
French	1,045	755	290	0	0	290
Non-official language	3,075	3,040	20	0	15	25
Aboriginal	55	55	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,020	2,985	25	0	15	20
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	40	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	525	1,085
English	76,155	76,155	0	0	0	0
French	1,115	135	980	0	0	980
Non-official language	9,255	8,635	10	85	525	55
Aboriginal	110	110	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,145	8,525	15	85	525	55
English and French	290	255	10	20	0	25
English and non-official language	800	800	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	30
English, French and non-official language	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	525	1,080
Official languages	87,125	85,985	1,030	110	0	1,080
English	87,110	85,990	1,015	105	0	1,070
French	5,985	4,845	1,030	110	0	1,080
Non-official languages	12,530	11,790	125	90	525	170
Aboriginal languages	200	200	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,335	11,595	125	90	525	170
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	520	1,085
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	6,400	6,330	65	0	10	70
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	6,240	6,160	70	0	10	70
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	3,855	3,850	10	0	0	10
Métis	2,340	2,275	65	0	0	65
Inuk (Inuit)	40	40	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	90	90	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	75	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,245	79,660	960	105	515	1,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	520	1,080
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,990	2,985	10	0	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	84,660	83,010	1,025	110	520	1,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	525	1,085
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,835	1,820	10	0	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,805	1,790	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,505	1,500	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	295	285	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	35	30	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	5,495	5,400	80	10	10	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	5,265	5,190	65	10	0	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,355	3,315	30	10	0	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,835	1,800	40	0	0	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	75	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	230	215	15	0	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	210	10	0	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	80,320	78,765	940	95	515	990
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	525	1,085
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	83,145	81,800	995	85	260	1,040
Canadian citizens only	80,580	79,320	950	65	245	980
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,565	2,480	45	20	20	55
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	4,510	4,185	35	25	265	45
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	525	1,085
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	73,100	72,115	875	45	65	895
Immigrants^Footnote 42	13,125	12,535	150	60	380	180
Before 1981	6,675	6,510	85	15	60	95
1981 to 1990	1,365	1,300	15	10	45	20
1991 to 2000	1,445	1,370	0	0	70	10
2001 to 2010	2,355	2,210	35	35	75	50
2001 to 2005	1,060	990	0	10	55	10
2006 to 2010	1,300	1,220	30	30	20	45
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,280	1,140	10	10	125	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	1,425	1,340	10	0	85	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	13,120	12,535	150	60	380	185
Under 5 years	1,570	1,545	10	0	15	10
5 to 14 years	2,345	2,275	40	15	20	45
15 to 24 years	3,040	2,985	30	0	20	35
25 to 44 years	5,250	5,015	55	30	155	70
45 years and over	915	715	15	0	175	20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	13,125	12,535	150	60	375	180
Americas	1,575	1,575	0	0	0	0
Brazil	40	40	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	50	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	25	0	0	0	0
Mexico	90	90	0	0	0	0
Peru	40	45	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	35	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,045	1,045	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	205	205	0	0	0	0
Europe	6,695	6,500	105	50	40	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	20	0	0	0	0
Croatia	155	150	0	0	0	0
France	90	25	70	0	0	70
Germany	735	720	0	0	10	0
Greece	40	45	0	0	0	0
Hungary	125	125	0	0	0	10
Ireland^Footnote 48	85	90	0	0	0	0
Italy	140	130	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	495	480	0	10	0	0
Poland	150	150	0	0	0	0
Portugal	45	35	10	10	10	10
Romania	85	70	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	60	60	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	45	45	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	55	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,620	3,615	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	735	690	20	10	15	25
Africa	590	560	30	0	0	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	25	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	30	25	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	305	305	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	155	20	0	10	20
Asia	4,080	3,715	15	15	335	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	30	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	815	655	0	10	145	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	125	115	0	0	10	0
India	835	800	0	0	35	0
Iran^Footnote 53	175	165	0	0	15	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	155	155	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	280	260	0	0	20	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	10
Pakistan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Philippines	705	700	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	20	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	60	25	0	0	35	0
Taiwan	65	60	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	355	305	0	0	45	0
Other places of birth in Asia	405	380	0	0	30	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	180	185	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,280	1,140	10	10	125	10
Americas	130	130	0	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	90	90	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	210	205	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	60	60	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	20	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	100	100	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	10
Africa	50	50	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	10	10	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	15	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	20	0	0	0	0
Asia	885	755	0	0	125	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	255	180	0	0	70	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	100	100	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	75	75	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	270	270	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	60	25	0	0	35	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	35	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	525	1,085
First generation^Footnote 71	15,260	14,565	165	60	460	200
Second generation^Footnote 72	17,335	17,165	105	20	40	115
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	55,055	54,255	760	20	20	770
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	6,695	6,255	75	45	325	95
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	3,335	3,200	25	25	90	35
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	1,345	1,265	20	15	45	25
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,990	1,930	0	15	40	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	2,560	2,360	35	20	140	45
Refugees^Footnote 79	755	645	15	0	95	15
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	50	45	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	87,650	85,990	1,030	105	520	1,085
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	8,685	8,175	40	20	450	45
South Asian^Footnote 83	1,900	1,855	0	0	40	0
Chinese	2,295	2,050	0	10	230	10
Black	620	590	30	0	0	30
Filipino	940	935	0	0	0	0
Latin American	470	465	0	0	0	0
Arab	270	210	10	0	55	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	775	705	0	10	60	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	175	160	0	0	15	0
Korean	400	385	0	0	20	0
Japanese	520	505	0	0	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	70	70	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	255	235	0	0	15	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	78,965	77,815	995	85	70	1,035
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	87,650	85,990	1,030	110	520	1,080
North American Aboriginal origins	7,335	7,225	90	10	10	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,125	5,060	40	10	10	50
Inuit	85	85	0	0	0	0
Métis	2,380	2,315	60	0	10	60
Other North American origins	24,025	23,520	465	35	10	480
Acadian	150	115	30	0	0	35
American	1,735	1,725	10	0	0	10
Canadian	22,790	22,325	425	30	10	440
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	55	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	68,975	68,045	795	65	70	830
British Isles origins	51,540	51,360	155	15	10	165
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	33,340	33,260	50	15	10	60
Irish	16,755	16,680	75	0	0	75
Manx	55	60	0	0	0	0
Scottish	22,520	22,470	40	0	0	40
Welsh	3,680	3,670	15	0	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,235	3,225	15	0	0	20
French origins	9,855	9,135	700	15	10	705
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,845	9,140	690	10	10	695
Western European origins (except French origins)	18,995	18,865	100	15	15	110
Austrian	870	865	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	645	630	15	0	10	15
Dutch	5,060	5,035	15	10	0	20
Flemish	70	65	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	13,510	13,435	60	10	10	60
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	475	465	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,560	9,525	25	10	10	30
Danish	1,660	1,655	0	0	0	10
Finnish	970	970	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	735	725	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	3,885	3,875	10	0	0	10
Swedish	2,830	2,825	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	460	450	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins	11,540	11,475	30	20	20	40
Bulgarian	45	40	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Czech	460	450	0	0	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	255	255	0	0	0	0
Estonian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,285	1,275	10	0	0	10
Latvian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,305	3,280	20	0	0	20
Romanian	565	550	0	15	0	10
Russian	2,055	2,045	0	0	10	10
Slovak	165	165	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,000	5,000	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	35	35	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,110	6,005	65	20	25	75
Albanian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	515	505	0	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	375	360	10	0	0	10
Italian	3,510	3,470	35	0	0	40
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Maltese	55	55	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	505	485	0	0	0	10
Serbian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	110	105	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,005	985	15	10	0	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	210	210	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	505	510	0	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	175	175	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	290	290	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	310	310	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	25	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	130	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	855	850	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	40	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Chilean	90	90	0	0	0	0
Colombian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	35	35	0	0	0	0
Honduran	45	45	0	0	0	0
Maya	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mexican	290	285	10	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	15	20	0	0	0	0
African origins	995	960	30	0	0	30
Central and West African origins	135	140	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	85	90	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	75	70	0	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	445	420	25	0	0	25
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	15	0	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
South African	300	295	10	0	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	35	30	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	35	30	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	340	340	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	30	35	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	310	305	0	0	0	10
Asian origins	8,460	7,975	20	20	445	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	945	855	20	0	70	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	155	135	0	0	15	0
Armenian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	315	300	0	0	15	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	25	25	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	145	20	0	0	15
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Syrian	130	90	0	0	40	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	45	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	30	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,990	1,955	0	0	35	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,715	1,685	0	0	35	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	25	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	20	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	180	175	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,560	5,200	0	20	340	10
Burmese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	145	130	0	0	15	0
Chinese	2,755	2,500	0	15	245	10
Filipino	1,060	1,055	0	0	0	0
Hmong	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Japanese	625	615	0	0	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	410	390	0	0	20	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	50	55	0	0	0	0
Thai	80	75	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	540	465	0	10	70	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	10	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	605	605	10	0	0	10
Australian	295	290	0	0	0	10
New Zealander	105	105	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	210	205	0	0	0	0
Fijian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Maori	20	20	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	74,640	73,135	995	75	435	1,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,210	10,795	185	10	225	185
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	23,040	22,725	215	0	95	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,390	39,615	590	65	120	625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,915	7,795	105	10	0	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,215	3,165	40	10	10	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	4,700	4,630	65	0	0	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,460	14,165	245	15	35	250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,470	3,395	30	10	35	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,555	14,255	215	40	50	230
Bachelor's degree	9,410	9,215	135	20	45	140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,095	1,075	20	0	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	445	440	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,995	2,945	40	15	0	45
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	600	580	15	0	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	74,640	73,135	995	80	440	1,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	34,250	33,520	400	10	315	405
Education	2,995	2,925	45	10	15	45
13. Education	2,995	2,930	45	10	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,365	1,330	25	0	0	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	205	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,160	1,125	25	0	10	25
Humanities	1,765	1,725	25	15	10	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	145	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	600	585	15	0	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	425	420	0	0	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	90	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	210	0	0	0	0
54. History	260	250	10	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	15	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,085	4,030	45	10	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	55	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	240	0	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	925	10	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	590	570	10	0	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	75	75	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	745	735	10	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,445	1,430	15	0	0	15
Business, management and public administration	7,710	7,520	140	10	35	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	560	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,145	6,955	145	10	35	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,405	1,380	20	0	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	760	755	10	0	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	205	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	15	10	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	315	305	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	100	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,085	1,055	25	0	10	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	880	855	20	0	0	20
25. Library science	85	90	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	110	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,055	7,930	90	0	30	95
04. Architecture and related services	170	165	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,045	1,010	20	10	10	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,390	1,375	20	0	0	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,520	2,480	30	0	10	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,015	2,000	10	0	0	10
48. Precision production	925	910	10	0	0	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,185	1,140	40	0	0	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	495	485	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	685	660	25	0	0	25
Health and related fields	7,595	7,495	80	10	10	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	470	455	15	0	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	6,945	6,865	65	10	10	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	185	180	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,130	3,075	50	10	0	50
12. Personal and culinary services	2,105	2,090	15	0	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	280	265	15	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	725	710	20	0	0	20
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	74,640	73,140	990	75	435	1,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,250	33,520	400	10	315	405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	40,390	39,615	590	60	120	620
Location of study inside Canada	34,985	34,430	530	25	10	540
Same as province or territory of residence	25,770	25,555	200	10	10	205
Different than province or territory of residence	9,220	8,870	325	20	0	340
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	5,400	5,185	60	40	115	80
United States^Footnote 130	1,140	1,120	10	10	0	10
Philippines	330	335	0	0	0	0
India	270	270	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,385	1,375	10	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	385	290	0	0	90	0
France	30	0	25	0	0	25
Other	1,865	1,790	20	30	25	40
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	74,640	73,140	990	80	435	not applicable ...
In the labour force	44,770	44,100	505	55	110	not applicable ...
Employed	41,330	40,760	440	50	85	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,440	3,340	65	10	25	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	29,870	29,035	485	20	330	not applicable ...
Participation rate	60.0	60.3	51.0	68.8	25.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	55.4	55.7	44.4	62.5	19.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.6	12.9	18.2	22.7	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	74,640	73,140	990	75	440	1,025
Did not work^Footnote 135	27,615	26,830	445	20	325	450
Worked	47,025	46,310	550	60	110	580
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	21,120	20,870	205	25	20	215
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	25,905	25,435	345	30	90	360
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	41.9	38.1	37.3	32.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	48,500	47,760	555	60	125	585
a.Management	4,620	4,520	70	0	30	70
00 Senior management occupations	355	355	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,275	1,250	20	10	0	20
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,030	1,965	50	0	15	45
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	960	950	10	0	10	10
b.Professional	7,515	7,415	95	0	0	100
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,200	1,185	15	0	0	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,215	1,210	15	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,090	1,085	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	700	695	10	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,615	1,560	50	0	0	50
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,130	1,125	0	0	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	570	565	0	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,315	5,230	70	20	0	80
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,645	1,615	30	0	0	30
32 Technical occupations in health	1,215	1,195	10	10	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,270	1,265	10	0	0	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	245	235	10	10	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	945	920	20	10	0	25
d.Administration and administrative support	5,400	5,335	55	0	0	60
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,160	2,145	15	0	0	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	500	485	10	10	0	10
14 Office support occupations	2,065	2,030	30	0	0	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	675	675	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	5,925	5,845	55	10	0	60
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,105	1,090	15	0	0	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,950	2,915	25	10	10	25
66 Sales support occupations	1,870	1,845	20	0	0	15
f.Personal and customer information services	10,280	10,115	110	10	50	115
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,170	1,160	10	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,005	1,000	10	0	0	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,035	1,990	25	0	20	30
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,945	2,915	30	0	0	30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,115	3,050	40	0	25	40
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,050	4,000	40	0	15	40
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,010	2,980	30	0	0	30
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,040	1,020	15	0	10	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,115	3,090	25	0	0	25
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	675	665	10	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,745	1,735	10	0	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	695	690	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,200	1,160	30	0	10	30
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	360	350	15	0	0	15
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	260	245	0	0	10	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	580	570	15	0	0	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,075	1,050	0	0	20	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	295	290	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	305	290	10	0	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	120	120	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	355	345	0	0	10	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	48,500	47,760	555	55	125	585
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,120	1,095	15	10	0	20
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	285	275	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	430	420	10	0	0	15
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	235	230	10	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	165	165	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	335	325	10	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	120	120	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	45	45	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	160	150	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	225	220	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	225	215	10	0	0	10
23 Construction	4,145	4,105	30	0	10	30
236 Construction of buildings	1,320	1,295	15	0	10	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	380	380	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,450	2,430	20	0	0	15
31-33 Manufacturing	2,060	1,995	40	0	25	40
311 Food manufacturing	370	340	10	0	15	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	65	60	10	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	20	25	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	400	390	10	0	10	10
322 Paper manufacturing	315	315	0	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	70	65	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	55	55	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	40	40	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	120	110	10	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	65	65	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	90	90	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	90	95	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,135	1,125	0	0	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	35	35	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	225	225	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	130	130	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	85	85	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	235	235	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	250	255	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	125	125	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	35	35	0	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,265	7,180	75	0	0	75
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	775	755	15	0	0	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	350	350	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	240	240	10	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	435	430	0	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,710	1,690	20	0	0	20
446 Health and personal care stores	735	730	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	160	145	0	0	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	700	690	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	395	395	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,040	1,025	15	0	0	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	525	515	0	10	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	215	210	10	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,240	2,210	20	0	10	25
481 Air transportation	150	145	10	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	40	40	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	560	550	10	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	415	415	10	0	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	315	310	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	30	30	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	310	300	10	0	10	0
491 Postal service	115	110	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	225	225	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	80	80	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,315	1,315	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	190	190	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	165	165	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	110	115	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	685	685	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	20	25	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	145	145	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,580	1,560	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	925	910	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	245	250	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	410	400	10	0	10	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	845	825	20	0	10	20
531 Real estate	745	720	15	0	10	20
532 Rental and leasing services	100	100	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,095	3,065	20	10	0	25
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,090	3,065	20	0	0	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,605	2,550	35	10	10	40
561 Administrative and support services	2,495	2,440	35	10	15	40
562 Waste management and remediation services	110	105	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,360	3,290	65	10	0	65
611 Educational services	3,360	3,290	65	10	0	70
62 Health care and social assistance	7,225	7,165	45	15	0	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,790	2,785	0	10	0	10
622 Hospitals	1,770	1,740	25	10	0	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,300	1,290	10	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	1,365	1,355	15	0	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	945	925	20	0	0	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	370	360	10	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	35	35	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	545	535	15	0	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	4,315	4,195	85	0	35	85
721 Accommodation services	630	625	10	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	3,685	3,575	70	0	35	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,260	2,225	35	0	10	35
811 Repair and maintenance	660	645	20	0	0	15
812 Personal and laundry services	920	900	10	0	0	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	540	530	0	0	0	10
814 Private households	145	145	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,415	2,380	25	0	0	30
911 Federal government public administration	905	900	10	10	0	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	645	625	20	0	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	795	795	0	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	65	65	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	41,335	40,760	440	50	85	460
Worked at home	3,215	3,155	40	10	15	40
Worked outside Canada	145	125	10	0	10	10
No fixed workplace address	6,175	6,120	50	0	10	45
Worked at usual place	31,795	31,355	340	45	55	365
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	48,500	47,760	560	60	125	590
English	47,970	47,375	515	40	40	535
French	90	65	25	0	0	25
Non-official language	240	150	0	0	85	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	150	0	0	85	10
English and French	45	30	10	10	0	15
English and non-official language	150	140	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	48,500	47,760	555	60	125	585
None	47,370	46,805	430	45	95	450
English	170	135	15	0	10	20
French	315	200	110	0	0	110
Non-official language	630	610	0	10	15	0
Aboriginal	35	35	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	595	575	0	10	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,800	31,360	340	45	55	365
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,925	26,565	270	40	50	290
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,495	2,470	25	0	0	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,030	1,975	45	10	0	45
Commute to a different province or territory	350	345	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	37,975	37,470	395	40	60	415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,165	29,775	320	30	40	335
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,355	2,310	20	0	15	25
Public transit	1,575	1,550	15	0	0	15
Walked	2,420	2,405	20	0	0	20
Bicycle	625	615	0	0	0	10
Other method	835	825	10	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	37,975	37,475	395	40	65	415
Less than 15 minutes	17,115	16,900	185	15	15	195
15 to 29 minutes	14,075	13,890	145	15	30	150
30 to 44 minutes	4,085	4,040	25	10	15	30
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	1,020	10	10	10	10
60 minutes and over	1,660	1,630	25	0	0	25
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	37,975	37,475	395	45	65	415
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,200	2,160	30	10	0	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,910	4,850	50	0	10	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,345	10,200	110	15	10	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,880	8,775	90	10	10	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,185	5,085	60	10	25	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,455	6,395	50	0	0	50
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	86,935	85,305	1,025	105	495	1,085
Non-movers	71,125	69,815	890	95	330	940
Movers	15,810	15,490	145	10	165	145
Non-migrants	10,015	9,880	95	10	40	95
Migrants	5,795	5,615	50	0	125	50
Internal migrants	5,005	4,915	45	10	35	50
Intraprovincial migrants	3,330	3,275	30	0	20	30
Interprovincial migrants	1,670	1,640	20	0	10	25
External migrants	790	700	0	0	90	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	83,425	81,830	1,025	105	470	1,080
Non-movers	44,345	43,490	615	75	165	655
Movers	39,085	38,340	410	30	300	425
Non-migrants	21,740	21,475	190	20	55	205
Migrants	17,350	16,865	215	15	245	225
Internal migrants	14,615	14,350	195	10	60	200
Intraprovincial migrants	9,720	9,590	85	0	35	85
Interprovincial migrants	4,900	4,765	105	10	25	110
External migrants	2,725	2,510	25	10	185	25

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Nanaimo, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.