Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Thompson-Nicola

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	129,015	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,410
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	129,015	127,075	1,340	140	460	1,410
0 to 14 years	19,820	19,645	75	35	70	90
0 to 4 years	6,240	6,165	10	0	65	10
5 to 9 years	6,885	6,820	40	20	0	50
10 to 14 years	6,700	6,660	25	15	0	35
15 to 64 years	84,730	83,690	755	90	195	800
15 to 19 years	7,020	6,975	15	30	0	35
20 to 24 years	7,720	7,700	15	0	0	15
25 to 29 years	7,930	7,875	40	0	15	35
30 to 34 years	7,955	7,910	35	0	10	35
35 to 39 years	7,200	7,105	85	0	10	85
40 to 44 years	7,535	7,425	65	25	15	80
45 to 49 years	8,430	8,295	100	10	25	105
50 to 54 years	9,935	9,820	90	0	25	90
55 to 59 years	10,965	10,775	155	10	25	160
60 to 64 years	10,050	9,815	150	15	75	155
65 years and over	24,460	23,735	510	15	200	520
65 to 69 years	8,790	8,600	125	10	50	130
70 to 74 years	6,430	6,225	145	0	60	150
75 to 79 years	4,395	4,270	115	0	10	115
80 to 84 years	3,035	2,895	105	0	35	110
85 years and over	1,810	1,750	20	0	40	20
85 to 89 years	1,320	1,270	15	0	30	15
90 to 94 years	435	425	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	50	45	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	42.7	42.5	56.5	34.6	54.9	not applicable ...
Median age	44.6	44.3	59.4	40.2	62.8	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	109,195	107,430	1,270	105	390	1,320
Married or living common law	65,585	64,390	825	60	310	855
Married	51,815	50,805	640	60	305	670
Living common law	13,770	13,585	190	0	0	185
Not married and not living common law	43,610	43,045	440	45	80	460
Never married	26,845	26,655	135	35	20	155
Separated	3,375	3,315	55	0	10	55
Divorced	7,745	7,575	155	10	0	160
Widowed	5,650	5,495	100	0	55	100
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	109,195	107,430	1,270	105	390	1,320
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	105,640	103,935	1,255	85	365	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,459	44,471	49,201	54,720	22,440	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,651	33,726	36,053	32,727	18,211	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	105,760	104,050	1,255	85	370	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,416	37,436	40,346	40,926	20,906	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,380	30,441	32,507	23,493	18,211	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,705	93,210	1,135	80	275	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,877	42,919	44,517	50,460	19,510	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,128	31,219	29,407	10,101	13,153	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,720	74,415	960	40	305	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,401	8,351	11,594	15,481	9,492	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,208	7,147	11,811	12,204	7,516	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,195	77,115	840	55	185	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,964	42,005	40,812	0	23,405	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,352	31,435	30,969	0	15,605	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.5	86.6	82.2	86.8	64.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	69.9	70.1	55.9	0.0	52.9	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.5	13.4	18.0	13.3	34.9	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	109,195	107,430	1,265	110	395	1,325
Without total income	3,555	3,495	15	25	20	25
With total income	105,645	103,935	1,260	85	370	1,300
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.7	99.6	77.3	93.7	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,340	14,160	90	too unreliable to be published F	80	100
$10,000 to $19,999	18,860	18,420	275	too unreliable to be published F	145	285
$20,000 to $29,999	14,655	14,420	160	too unreliable to be published F	75	160
$30,000 to $39,999	12,785	12,565	175	too unreliable to be published F	30	185
$40,000 to $49,999	10,160	10,015	120	too unreliable to be published F	25	125
$50,000 to $59,999	8,085	7,990	80	too unreliable to be published F	10	85
$60,000 to $69,999	6,485	6,430	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	60
$70,000 to $79,999	5,005	4,915	80	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
$80,000 to $89,999	3,965	3,930	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	35
$90,000 to $99,999	2,905	2,840	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	60
$100,000 and over	8,385	8,255	115	too unreliable to be published F	10	125
$100,000 to $149,999	6,235	6,145	85	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
$150,000 and over	2,155	2,110	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	109,195	107,430	1,265	105	390	1,320
Without after-tax income	3,435	3,380	10	20	20	20
With after-tax income	105,760	104,050	1,260	85	370	1,300
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	96.9	99.6	81.0	94.9	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,960	14,765	100	too unreliable to be published F	80	110
$10,000 to $19,999	19,770	19,305	300	too unreliable to be published F	145	310
$20,000 to $29,999	17,530	17,250	185	too unreliable to be published F	90	190
$30,000 to $39,999	14,265	14,045	180	too unreliable to be published F	30	190
$40,000 to $49,999	11,285	11,130	135	too unreliable to be published F	20	135
$50,000 to $59,999	8,630	8,550	80	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
$60,000 to $69,999	6,125	6,040	85	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
$70,000 to $79,999	4,685	4,595	75	too unreliable to be published F	10	80
$80,000 and over	8,510	8,375	120	too unreliable to be published F	0	125
$80,000 to $89,999	2,970	2,895	65	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$90,000 to $99,999	1,905	1,890	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
$100,000 and over	3,640	3,590	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	109,195	107,430	1,270	105	390	1,320
Without employment income	31,000	30,315	425	55	205	455
With employment income	78,195	77,110	845	50	185	865
Percentage with employment income	71.6	71.8	66.5	47.6	47.4	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,690	13,420	225	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	240
$5,000 to $9,999	5,805	5,755	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$10,000 to $19,999	10,055	9,880	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$20,000 to $29,999	8,350	8,270	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$30,000 to $39,999	7,605	7,475	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$40,000 to $49,999	6,640	6,575	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$50,000 to $59,999	5,345	5,290	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$60,000 to $69,999	4,505	4,485	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$70,000 to $79,999	3,935	3,880	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$80,000 and over	12,260	12,090	150	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$80,000 to $89,999	3,180	3,155	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	2,450	2,410	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 and over	6,630	6,525	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	109,195	107,430	1,265	105	390	1,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	31,515	31,230	230	0	55	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	55,072	55,058	66,580	0	29,954	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	62,478	62,430	70,554	0	32,367	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	129,020	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,415
English only	121,830	121,835	0	0	0	0
French only	45	0	45	0	0	45
English and French	6,650	5,210	1,300	140	0	1,370
Neither English nor French	495	35	0	0	455	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	129,020	127,075	1,340	140	460	1,415
English	123,145	122,155	985	0	0	990
French	310	25	285	0	0	285
Non-official language	3,455	2,885	25	85	460	70
Aboriginal	110	110	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,350	2,780	25	85	455	70
English and French	150	60	40	45	0	60
English and non-official language	1,940	1,940	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	0	15	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	129,015	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,415
None	122,115	120,730	875	90	420	915
English	1,575	1,305	180	50	35	205
French	1,055	770	290	0	0	290
Non-official language	4,215	4,210	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	745	750	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,465	3,460	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	55	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	129,020	127,080	1,340	145	460	1,410
English	115,730	115,730	0	0	0	0
French	1,510	205	1,305	0	0	1,305
Non-official language	10,585	10,020	15	95	460	60
Aboriginal	630	625	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,955	9,390	10	90	455	60
English and French	240	190	10	45	0	30
English and non-official language	930	925	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	129,020	127,075	1,345	140	460	1,415
Official languages	128,525	127,045	1,345	145	0	1,410
English	128,485	127,045	1,300	140	0	1,370
French	6,690	5,210	1,340	145	0	1,410
Non-official languages	14,755	14,050	135	115	460	190
Aboriginal languages	1,470	1,465	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,290	12,590	130	110	460	190
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	129,020	127,080	1,340	145	460	1,410
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	17,550	17,415	135	10	10	135
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	17,130	17,005	125	0	0	130
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	11,885	11,840	40	0	0	40
Métis	5,205	5,120	85	0	0	90
Inuk (Inuit)	40	40	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	330	320	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	95	95	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	111,465	109,660	1,205	135	460	1,275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	129,020	127,075	1,340	145	455	1,415
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	10,005	9,980	15	10	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	119,020	117,095	1,325	135	460	1,395
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	129,015	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	6,975	6,970	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	6,910	6,900	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	6,310	6,305	10	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	585	585	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	65	65	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	65	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	11,730	11,585	145	0	0	145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	11,160	11,020	140	0	0	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,170	7,120	50	0	0	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,935	3,845	90	0	0	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	55	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	570	565	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	550	550	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	110,310	108,520	1,190	140	460	1,260
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	129,020	127,080	1,340	145	460	1,410
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	124,360	122,675	1,315	115	260	1,375
Canadian citizens only	121,955	120,400	1,245	80	235	1,285
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,400	2,275	75	30	25	90
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	4,660	4,405	20	30	200	35
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	129,020	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,410
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	115,700	114,350	1,215	60	75	1,250
Immigrants^Footnote 42	11,770	11,240	125	55	345	155
Before 1981	6,265	6,095	65	10	100	70
1981 to 1990	1,175	1,125	10	20	20	15
1991 to 2000	1,255	1,135	20	20	85	25
2001 to 2010	1,710	1,615	10	10	80	10
2001 to 2005	675	625	0	0	40	10
2006 to 2010	1,035	985	10	10	40	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,370	1,270	20	10	70	30
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	1,545	1,490	0	20	40	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	11,770	11,240	125	60	350	155
Under 5 years	1,445	1,420	15	10	0	25
5 to 14 years	2,395	2,370	20	0	0	25
15 to 24 years	2,950	2,875	15	10	50	20
25 to 44 years	4,235	4,045	70	35	85	85
45 years and over	745	530	0	0	210	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	11,770	11,240	125	55	345	155
Americas	1,925	1,895	10	10	10	15
Brazil	20	25	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	25	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	40	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	60	60	0	0	0	0
Mexico	110	105	0	0	0	0
Peru	30	25	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,425	1,410	15	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	195	190	0	0	0	0
Europe	6,125	5,955	105	35	25	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	30	0	0	0	0
Croatia	120	120	0	0	10	0
France	65	30	35	0	0	35
Germany	935	935	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0	0	0
Hungary	105	105	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	45	45	0	0	0	0
Italy	695	670	10	0	15	10
Netherlands	320	320	0	0	0	0
Poland	190	180	0	10	10	10
Portugal	145	140	0	0	0	0
Romania	55	45	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	50	0	10	0	10
Serbia^Footnote 49	35	35	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	30	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	2,425	2,420	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	840	755	55	25	0	65
Africa	325	320	10	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	25	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	165	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	110	10	0	0	10
Asia	3,070	2,740	0	15	315	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	15	0	10	0	10
China^Footnote 51	355	270	0	0	90	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	85	70	0	0	10	0
India	1,085	915	0	10	165	0
Iran^Footnote 53	55	60	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	170	150	0	0	25	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	175	170	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	80	0	0	10	0
Philippines	610	610	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	80	75	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	95	95	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	215	215	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	325	325	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,370	1,265	20	10	70	25
Americas	225	210	0	0	10	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	35	0	0	0	0
Mexico	55	55	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	85	80	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	0	0	10	0
Europe	270	240	20	0	10	25
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	100	100	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	90	10	0	0	20
Africa	55	60	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	760	700	0	10	50	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	125	100	0	0	25	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	165	140	0	0	30	0
Iran^Footnote 65	25	25	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	45	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	70	70	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Philippines	260	260	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	60	60	0	0	0	0
Australia	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	25	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	129,015	127,075	1,340	145	460	1,415
First generation^Footnote 71	13,955	13,360	130	80	385	170
Second generation^Footnote 72	23,090	22,860	115	45	70	140
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	91,975	90,855	1,090	20	10	1,100
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	5,695	5,305	65	60	265	95
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	2,935	2,790	45	40	60	65
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	1,250	1,175	20	10	35	30
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,685	1,610	25	30	25	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	2,395	2,175	20	10	195	25
Refugees^Footnote 79	335	320	0	10	10	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	30	25	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	129,015	127,075	1,340	140	460	1,410
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	8,445	8,010	10	25	400	20
South Asian^Footnote 83	2,955	2,760	0	15	185	0
Chinese	1,405	1,290	0	10	110	0
Black	700	695	10	0	0	0
Filipino	880	880	0	0	0	0
Latin American	340	325	0	10	10	0
Arab	190	190	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	265	260	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	95	95	0	0	0	0
Korean	290	265	0	0	20	0
Japanese	1,015	955	0	0	55	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	80	80	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	225	205	0	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	120,570	119,065	1,330	115	60	1,390
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	129,015	127,080	1,340	145	460	1,410
North American Aboriginal origins	18,710	18,550	155	0	0	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	14,105	14,050	60	0	0	60
Inuit	85	85	0	0	0	0
Métis	5,150	5,060	95	0	0	95
Other North American origins	36,810	36,210	570	20	0	585
Acadian	65	40	25	0	0	30
American	2,815	2,800	15	0	0	15
Canadian	34,940	34,375	540	20	10	550
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	55	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	40	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	99,755	98,505	1,070	110	70	1,125
British Isles origins	70,120	69,910	180	15	10	190
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	15	0	0	0	0
English	43,605	43,470	115	10	10	125
Irish	25,475	25,405	70	0	0	70
Manx	35	35	0	0	0	0
Scottish	32,045	31,990	40	10	10	40
Welsh	4,280	4,265	15	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,295	3,290	10	0	0	10
French origins	15,435	14,465	950	15	0	960
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,435	14,465	950	15	0	960
Western European origins (except French origins)	31,425	31,265	95	45	20	115
Austrian	1,850	1,850	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Belgian	850	815	40	0	0	40
Dutch	6,665	6,655	10	0	0	15
Flemish	80	80	0	0	0	0
Frisian	30	25	0	0	0	0
German	23,405	23,345	20	25	20	35
Luxembourger	25	30	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,285	1,230	35	25	0	45
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	20	20	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	13,570	13,540	20	0	10	20
Danish	1,965	1,960	10	0	0	10
Finnish	1,340	1,335	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	810	805	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5,490	5,475	10	0	10	0
Swedish	4,795	4,775	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	585	585	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	18,940	18,875	20	25	15	30
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Czech	535	535	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	365	365	0	0	0	0
Estonian	145	145	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,795	1,790	0	0	0	0
Latvian	165	165	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,655	4,615	15	25	0	30
Romanian	910	895	0	0	10	0
Russian	3,870	3,845	10	20	0	15
Slovak	245	240	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	9,125	9,115	0	10	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	65	65	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,995	9,890	45	40	25	60
Albanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	475	465	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	500	505	0	0	0	0
Italian	6,920	6,860	30	20	15	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	890	895	0	0	0	0
Serbian	155	155	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	135	130	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,035	990	15	20	10	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	225	225	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,110	1,070	15	20	0	25
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	305	290	0	20	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	35	20	10	10	0	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	715	710	10	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	335	330	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	55	50	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	140	140	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	20	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	30	35	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	10	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,150	1,130	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	35	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Belizean	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	75	0	0	0	0
Chilean	70	75	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	25	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	620	605	0	15	0	10
Nicaraguan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	45	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	20	15	0	0	0	0
African origins	915	910	10	0	0	10
Central and West African origins	180	175	0	0	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	40	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	305	305	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	185	180	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	425	420	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	90	90	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	335	335	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	8,120	7,710	0	20	390	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	585	580	0	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	60	60	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	110	110	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	150	145	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Syrian	60	55	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	60	55	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	15	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	45	50	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,110	2,895	0	15	200	10
Bangladeshi	30	25	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,705	2,535	0	15	160	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	30	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	105	100	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	280	250	0	0	35	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	30	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	70	70	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,470	4,270	0	10	190	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,725	1,615	0	0	105	0
Filipino	1,050	1,055	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,170	1,120	0	0	50	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	295	270	0	0	20	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	75	65	0	0	10	0
Thai	70	70	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	140	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	35	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	40	35	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	745	735	0	10	0	10
Australian	485	480	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	220	205	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	45	50	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	109,195	107,430	1,265	105	390	1,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,370	18,850	260	25	240	275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	34,220	33,880	240	15	80	250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,605	54,705	770	65	70	795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,770	13,450	295	0	20	295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	5,300	5,150	140	0	10	140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	8,470	8,300	155	0	0	160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,075	19,825	230	15	15	235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,885	4,805	55	10	15	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,870	16,620	185	40	20	210
Bachelor's degree	11,395	11,270	105	15	15	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,370	1,350	15	10	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	560	555	10	0	0	10
Master's degree	3,045	2,960	60	20	10	75
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	495	495	10	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	109,195	107,430	1,265	105	390	1,320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	53,590	52,730	500	40	320	520
Education	4,265	4,175	80	10	0	85
13. Education	4,265	4,175	80	0	0	85
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,180	1,160	20	0	0	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	235	225	15	0	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	950	935	10	0	0	15
Humanities	2,195	2,160	30	0	0	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	150	10	10	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	575	575	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	605	605	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	115	115	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	435	430	10	0	0	0
54. History	255	255	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	30	15	0	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,400	4,340	45	0	10	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	60	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	335	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,100	1,085	15	0	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	925	925	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	55	55	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	670	655	10	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,245	1,215	20	0	10	25
Business, management and public administration	10,360	10,220	110	20	20	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	35	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,325	1,315	10	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,005	8,870	100	20	15	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,560	1,535	25	0	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	605	600	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	405	405	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	445	425	20	0	0	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	95	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,330	1,315	10	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,110	1,100	10	0	0	10
25. Library science	110	110	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	100	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,045	13,770	240	25	15	250
04. Architecture and related services	145	140	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,375	1,325	25	20	10	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,945	1,905	35	0	0	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,150	4,090	60	0	10	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,500	4,390	105	0	10	105
48. Precision production	1,925	1,915	10	0	0	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,355	2,290	55	10	0	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	805	790	10	10	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,550	1,505	45	0	0	45
Health and related fields	9,635	9,530	100	10	0	95
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	525	525	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,975	8,880	90	10	0	90
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	130	125	0	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,270	4,205	50	0	15	50
12. Personal and culinary services	2,445	2,410	30	0	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	620	610	10	0	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,145	1,125	15	0	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	109,195	107,430	1,265	105	395	1,320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,590	52,725	500	40	320	525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	55,605	54,705	765	65	70	800
Location of study inside Canada	50,590	49,860	710	15	0	715
Same as province or territory of residence	40,750	40,410	335	0	10	335
Different than province or territory of residence	9,840	9,450	375	10	0	385
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	5,010	4,840	55	50	60	80
United States^Footnote 130	1,330	1,315	10	10	0	10
Philippines	350	355	0	0	0	0
India	435	435	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	765	765	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	155	130	0	0	25	0
France	30	0	25	0	0	25
Other	1,945	1,850	25	40	35	45
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	109,195	107,430	1,270	105	390	not applicable ...
In the labour force	67,650	66,865	610	40	140	not applicable ...
Employed	61,955	61,235	570	35	115	not applicable ...
Unemployed	5,695	5,625	35	10	20	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	41,545	40,570	660	65	250	not applicable ...
Participation rate	62.0	62.2	48.0	38.1	35.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	56.7	57.0	44.9	33.3	29.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.4	5.7	25.0	14.3	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	109,195	107,430	1,270	110	390	1,325
Did not work^Footnote 135	37,295	36,465	550	55	220	585
Worked	71,900	70,965	715	50	170	740
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	32,410	32,110	240	10	50	245
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	39,490	38,860	480	40	115	500
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	41.3	38.7	33.5	36.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	74,475	73,515	725	55	185	755
a.Management	7,195	7,100	60	20	15	70
00 Senior management occupations	530	520	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,750	1,740	10	0	0	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,805	2,770	30	0	10	35
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,105	2,070	10	15	10	20
b.Professional	9,870	9,720	130	20	0	135
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,480	1,470	10	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,475	1,435	25	15	0	30
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,440	1,445	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	845	825	20	0	0	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,430	2,380	50	0	0	50
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,715	1,695	25	0	0	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	480	475	10	10	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	7,110	7,015	90	10	0	95
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,215	2,195	20	0	0	20
32 Technical occupations in health	1,435	1,415	20	0	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,665	1,655	10	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	580	560	25	0	0	20
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,220	1,185	25	0	0	30
d.Administration and administrative support	8,505	8,410	95	0	0	95
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,235	3,205	30	0	0	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	995	990	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	3,065	3,015	50	0	0	50
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,210	1,200	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	7,195	7,135	60	0	0	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,335	1,320	15	0	0	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,230	3,195	30	0	0	35
66 Sales support occupations	2,630	2,620	15	0	10	10
f.Personal and customer information services	14,605	14,380	100	10	115	105
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,740	1,740	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,705	1,670	30	0	0	30
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,570	2,505	20	0	45	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,610	3,575	15	0	25	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,985	4,900	35	0	45	35
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,865	7,800	60	0	10	60
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,640	4,595	35	0	10	35
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,225	3,205	20	0	0	25
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,475	6,385	85	0	10	85
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,240	1,230	10	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	4,105	4,040	75	0	0	70
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,125	1,120	10	0	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,355	3,295	30	0	25	30
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,105	1,090	15	0	0	15
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,060	1,030	10	0	25	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,185	1,180	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,295	2,260	20	0	10	20
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	485	485	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	760	745	10	0	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	275	270	10	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	770	770	0	0	10	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	74,480	73,510	730	50	185	750
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,225	3,170	30	10	25	35
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,455	1,425	0	0	25	0
113 Forestry and logging	1,165	1,140	25	0	0	25
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	50	50	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	555	555	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,660	2,635	20	0	0	20
211 Oil and gas extraction	185	185	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	1,880	1,865	10	0	0	15
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	585	580	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	365	360	0	0	0	10
221 Utilities	365	360	10	10	0	10
23 Construction	6,420	6,340	70	0	0	75
236 Construction of buildings	1,845	1,830	15	0	0	20
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,150	1,125	10	0	0	15
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,430	3,390	40	0	0	40
31-33 Manufacturing	4,420	4,375	30	0	10	25
311 Food manufacturing	225	225	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	25	25	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	25	30	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,830	1,825	0	0	10	0
322 Paper manufacturing	380	370	10	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	50	50	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	65	70	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	145	135	10	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	140	135	0	0	10	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	145	145	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	165	165	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	325	320	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	170	165	10	0	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	175	175	10	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	245	245	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	140	135	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,830	1,795	20	0	10	20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	20	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	240	240	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	85	80	10	0	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	195	195	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	345	340	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	640	635	10	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	230	220	10	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	55	55	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,025	8,960	60	0	0	65
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,280	1,275	0	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	310	305	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	235	235	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	770	760	10	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	2,005	2,000	0	0	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	715	710	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	480	480	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	660	660	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	450	450	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,330	1,320	10	0	0	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	495	480	0	10	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	305	295	10	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,075	4,010	65	0	0	70
481 Air transportation	135	135	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	665	665	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	35	30	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,385	1,360	25	0	0	25
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	505	475	30	0	0	30
486 Pipeline transportation	45	45	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	670	665	10	0	0	10
491 Postal service	245	235	0	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	195	190	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	200	200	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,025	1,020	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	210	210	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	160	165	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	110	110	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	285	280	0	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	40	40	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	220	220	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,720	1,705	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	755	755	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	225	225	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	730	720	15	10	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,235	1,215	20	0	0	20
531 Real estate	1,030	1,005	15	0	0	15
532 Rental and leasing services	205	205	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,955	3,900	35	20	0	45
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,950	3,900	35	20	0	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	65	0	0	10	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	70	65	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,140	3,100	15	0	15	15
561 Administrative and support services	2,905	2,875	20	0	20	20
562 Waste management and remediation services	230	225	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,870	4,780	85	10	0	90
611 Educational services	4,865	4,780	85	0	0	85
62 Health care and social assistance	9,215	9,140	75	0	0	80
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,260	2,240	20	0	0	25
622 Hospitals	3,310	3,270	40	0	0	35
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,545	1,545	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	2,105	2,090	20	0	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,100	2,075	20	0	0	25
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	355	350	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	125	125	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,615	1,595	20	0	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	7,060	6,915	55	0	85	55
721 Accommodation services	1,565	1,525	15	0	15	15
722 Food services and drinking places	5,500	5,390	40	0	70	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,440	3,395	30	0	20	30
811 Repair and maintenance	1,400	1,380	15	0	0	15
812 Personal and laundry services	1,045	1,025	0	0	15	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	745	735	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	250	250	0	0	10	0
91 Public administration	4,635	4,575	60	0	0	60
911 Federal government public administration	1,090	1,055	30	0	0	35
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,470	1,470	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,395	1,375	20	0	0	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	680	675	0	0	0	10
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	61,960	61,240	570	35	115	585
Worked at home	4,115	4,055	40	20	10	55
Worked outside Canada	85	90	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,885	8,790	80	0	15	85
Worked at usual place	48,875	48,310	450	15	100	455
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	74,475	73,510	725	55	185	750
English	73,880	73,140	645	35	60	665
French	140	75	70	0	0	70
Non-official language	260	145	0	15	105	10
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	120	0	15	105	10
English and French	55	40	0	0	0	10
English and non-official language	135	105	0	10	20	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	74,475	73,510	730	55	185	750
None	73,200	72,450	555	30	155	570
English	230	150	50	15	10	60
French	395	285	115	0	0	110
Non-official language	600	575	10	10	15	0
Aboriginal	125	125	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	450	0	10	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	45	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	48,870	48,310	450	20	95	460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	36,155	35,720	330	10	95	335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,815	10,700	105	10	0	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,375	1,365	10	0	0	10
Commute to a different province or territory	530	525	0	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	57,750	57,095	530	20	110	540
Car, truck, van - as a driver	46,770	46,235	455	10	70	465
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,765	3,710	30	0	20	30
Public transit	2,000	1,990	0	0	0	10
Walked	3,410	3,390	10	0	10	15
Bicycle	645	635	10	0	0	10
Other method	1,170	1,135	15	0	10	20
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	57,755	57,095	530	15	115	540
Less than 15 minutes	24,700	24,370	255	15	60	265
15 to 29 minutes	21,885	21,660	180	10	45	180
30 to 44 minutes	5,425	5,370	50	0	0	50
45 to 59 minutes	2,265	2,240	25	0	0	25
60 minutes and over	3,475	3,455	10	0	0	15
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	57,755	57,095	530	15	115	540
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,045	3,980	50	0	15	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,220	10,090	120	10	10	125
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,900	15,735	140	0	20	145
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,190	12,040	135	0	10	140
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,445	5,375	25	0	45	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,955	9,880	55	0	20	55
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	127,795	125,865	1,340	145	445	1,415
Non-movers	107,360	105,810	1,095	90	360	1,140
Movers	20,435	20,055	245	50	80	270
Non-migrants	12,245	12,090	80	30	35	100
Migrants	8,195	7,965	165	20	50	175
Internal migrants	7,550	7,365	150	20	15	160
Intraprovincial migrants	5,625	5,565	45	0	0	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,930	1,800	100	20	10	110
External migrants	645	595	15	0	35	15
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	122,780	120,905	1,330	140	395	1,400
Non-movers	73,095	72,025	800	45	225	820
Movers	49,680	48,880	535	95	175	585
Non-migrants	26,380	26,070	225	20	65	230
Migrants	23,305	22,810	315	75	100	355
Internal migrants	20,870	20,515	300	40	15	320
Intraprovincial migrants	16,210	16,030	140	30	0	155
Interprovincial migrants	4,660	4,485	155	15	10	165
External migrants	2,435	2,295	15	30	90	30

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Thompson-Nicola

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.