Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Kelowna, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	124,140	106,470	2,085	280
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	124,135	106,470	2,090	280
0 to 14 years	17,735	16,535	125	65
0 to 4 years	5,590	5,240	40	35
5 to 9 years	6,120	5,710	55	25
10 to 14 years	6,020	5,585	25	0
15 to 64 years	82,500	71,705	1,280	190
15 to 19 years	6,910	6,235	35	20
20 to 24 years	9,030	8,220	45	35
25 to 29 years	8,580	7,625	105	15
30 to 34 years	8,355	7,290	135	20
35 to 39 years	7,475	6,355	115	10
40 to 44 years	7,135	5,955	110	10
45 to 49 years	7,970	6,645	170	25
50 to 54 years	9,255	7,940	155	15
55 to 59 years	9,400	8,165	235	20
60 to 64 years	8,390	7,260	175	10
65 years and over	23,900	18,230	685	30
65 to 69 years	7,485	6,255	210	10
70 to 74 years	5,785	4,570	170	10
75 to 79 years	4,480	3,195	150	10
80 to 84 years	3,375	2,295	95	0
85 years and over	2,775	1,925	60	0
85 to 89 years	2,015	1,360	40	0
90 to 94 years	620	450	20	0
95 to 99 years	130	105	0	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0
Average age	42.5	41.1	53.1	33.7
Median age	42.9	40.9	56.0	31.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Married or living common law	61,270	50,440	1,250	130
Married	50,210	40,480	1,000	60
Living common law	11,060	9,960	255	70
Not married and not living common law	45,135	39,495	715	85
Never married	28,530	25,770	315	60
Separated	3,075	2,635	40	10
Divorced	7,990	7,005	165	10
Widowed	5,540	4,075	185	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,515	87,470	1,945	210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,435	48,605	47,034	37,574
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,187	35,136	33,815	31,293
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,570	87,510	1,945	210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,534	40,329	39,340	31,974
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,716	31,555	30,685	28,199
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,910	81,425	1,755	180
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,365	46,658	44,222	38,563
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,476	32,485	30,442	35,298
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,180	60,900	1,465	130
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,643	7,429	9,278	5,809
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,913	5,526	9,486	2,563
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,860	67,360	1,365	170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,258	42,156	38,974	37,497
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,000	30,410	27,426	35,319
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	88.6	89.4	84.8	90.4
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	65.4	66.8	58.4	82.8
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	11.4	10.6	14.9	9.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	106,400	89,930	1,965	210
Without total income	2,885	2,460	25	10
With total income	103,510	87,470	1,940	210
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.3	98.7	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,480	10,440	160	35
$10,000 to $19,999	18,040	14,835	360	30
$20,000 to $29,999	15,890	12,860	375	35
$30,000 to $39,999	12,605	10,640	235	30
$40,000 to $49,999	11,080	9,390	135	20
$50,000 to $59,999	8,345	7,265	150	10
$60,000 to $69,999	6,315	5,470	120	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,655	4,140	100	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,760	3,335	70	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,395	2,075	60	0
$100,000 and over	7,955	7,015	180	10
$100,000 to $149,999	5,055	4,410	140	0
$150,000 and over	2,895	2,605	35	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Without after-tax income	2,835	2,420	25	0
With after-tax income	103,570	87,510	1,945	210
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.3	99.0	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,160	10,980	180	35
$10,000 to $19,999	19,175	15,735	405	35
$20,000 to $29,999	18,350	15,075	375	40
$30,000 to $39,999	14,950	12,670	250	30
$40,000 to $49,999	11,745	9,975	205	15
$50,000 to $59,999	8,285	7,335	130	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,835	5,085	150	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,935	3,485	70	10
$80,000 and over	8,135	7,160	180	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,230	1,985	40	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,625	1,425	40	0
$100,000 and over	4,285	3,760	95	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Without employment income	28,540	22,570	595	40
With employment income	77,860	67,365	1,370	175
Percentage with employment income	73.2	74.9	69.7	81.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,125	11,095	345	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	5,910	5,070	80	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	10,645	9,295	155	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	9,190	7,850	145	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	8,315	7,045	135	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	7,505	6,450	80	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	5,585	4,970	80	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	4,450	3,945	75	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	3,340	2,925	85	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	9,795	8,715	185	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	2,825	2,520	45	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	1,395	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	5,350	4,805	110	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	31,790	27,985	510	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,083	50,711	59,414	47,377
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	60,917	61,829	64,223	57,661
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	124,135	106,470	2,090	280
English only	114,255	99,990	225	80
French only	50	10	35	0
English and French	9,135	6,430	1,830	195
Neither English nor French	695	40	0	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	124,135	106,470	2,090	280
English	115,460	105,375	1,535	215
French	545	55	460	10
Non-official language	5,145	285	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,145	285	10	10
English and French	155	30	80	35
English and non-official language	2,780	715	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	124,140	106,465	2,090	280
None	115,405	104,310	1,305	215
English	2,435	195	235	0
French	1,155	605	480	55
Non-official language	4,965	1,300	50	10
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,950	1,300	45	10
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	0	10	0
French and non-official language	85	55	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	124,135	106,470	2,085	275
English	121,390	106,460	225	220
French	1,915	10	1,865	15
English and French	185	0	0	45
Neither English nor French	650	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	2,005	10	1,865	40
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.6	0.0	89.4	14.5
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	124,135	106,470	2,085	275
Official languages	123,440	106,430	2,085	275
English	123,390	106,420	2,060	270
French	9,190	6,435	1,865	195
Non-official languages	20,165	5,705	215	20
Aboriginal languages	65	40	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,115	5,675	210	20
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	124,140	106,465	2,090	275
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	6,840	6,685	120	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	6,605	6,460	115	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	2,925	2,885	15	0
Métis	3,605	3,500	95	10
Inuk (Inuit)	75	70	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	150	145	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	90	80	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	117,300	99,785	1,965	270
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	124,135	106,470	2,090	275
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	1,790	1,755	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	122,345	104,715	2,075	280
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	124,140	106,470	2,090	280
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	940	905	20	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	930	890	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	520	495	0	0
Métis single ancestry	400	390	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	15	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	6,890	6,725	135	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	6,600	6,450	130	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,675	3,595	65	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,855	2,790	65	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	70	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	285	270	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	240	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	30	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	116,305	98,840	1,930	260
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	124,140	106,470	2,090	275
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	117,765	103,995	2,005	270
Canadian citizens only	113,930	101,745	1,955	255
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,835	2,255	50	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	6,370	2,470	85	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	124,140	106,470	2,090	275
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	104,665	98,945	1,865	260
Immigrants^Footnote 44	17,835	7,055	175	20
Before 1981	7,590	3,475	65	10
1981 to 1990	1,800	640	10	10
1991 to 2000	2,605	790	45	0
2001 to 2010	3,410	1,290	30	0
2001 to 2005	1,440	530	10	0
2006 to 2010	1,975	760	20	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	2,430	860	35	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	1,635	470	40	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	17,835	7,050	175	20
Under 5 years	1,980	1,175	20	0
5 to 14 years	3,360	1,565	40	10
15 to 24 years	4,340	1,330	20	0
25 to 44 years	6,895	2,565	90	10
45 years and over	1,265	420	15	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	17,840	7,055	180	20
Americas	2,400	1,660	10	0
Brazil	45	10	0	0
Colombia	80	10	0	0
El Salvador	85	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0
Jamaica	255	245	0	0
Mexico	210	25	0	0
Peru	70	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	45	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,295	1,230	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	280	65	0	0
Europe	9,465	3,890	125	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	135	0	0	0
Croatia	190	0	0	0
France	145	25	95	10
Germany	1,615	170	0	0
Greece	60	0	0	0
Hungary	250	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	140	135	0	0
Italy	445	40	0	0
Netherlands	515	60	0	0
Poland	585	55	0	0
Portugal	120	0	0	0
Romania	225	25	0	0
Russian Federation	245	10	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	140	0	0	0
Ukraine	265	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	3,240	3,210	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,155	150	20	0
Africa	555	295	40	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	25	0	10	0
Ethiopia	35	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	260	190	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	180	90	30	0
Asia	5,035	855	0	10
Afghanistan	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	15	0	0
China^Footnote 53	535	85	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	135	35	0	0
India	1,375	180	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	255	15	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0
Japan	130	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	400	65	0	0
Lebanon	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	120	15	0	0
Philippines	1,025	235	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	20	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	125	25	0	0
Viet Nam	235	20	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	500	135	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	390	355	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	2,435	860	35	10
Americas	550	370	0	0
Brazil	15	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	215	205	0	0
Mexico	100	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	170	155	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	0	0
Europe	495	195	15	0
France	20	0	15	10
Germany	20	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	15	15	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	15	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	165	160	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	15	0	0
Africa	90	25	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0
Asia	1,225	190	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	120	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	10	10	0	0
India	220	40	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	165	10	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	0	0
Philippines	450	100	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	80	80	0	0
Australia	60	60	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	20	20	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	124,135	106,470	2,090	280
First generation^Footnote 73	20,390	8,315	240	20
Second generation^Footnote 74	25,960	22,820	185	50
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	77,785	75,340	1,665	210
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	10,480	3,700	110	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	5,600	2,160	50	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	2,230	770	50	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	3,365	1,385	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	3,850	1,410	55	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	965	95	10	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	60	40	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	124,135	106,465	2,090	280
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	11,745	5,130	85	25
South Asian^Footnote 85	3,220	995	0	15
Chinese	1,810	670	0	10
Black	1,005	865	55	0
Filipino	1,440	570	0	0
Latin American	765	160	0	0
Arab	255	75	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	535	190	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	345	40	0	0
Korean	560	160	0	0
Japanese	1,195	940	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	235	190	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	385	280	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	112,390	101,340	2,010	250
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	124,135	106,465	2,090	280
North American Aboriginal origins	7,830	7,630	160	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,485	4,365	80	15
Inuit	120	115	10	0
Métis	3,525	3,435	80	10
Other North American origins	32,215	30,895	860	95
Acadian	110	55	45	10
American	2,320	2,280	10	10
Canadian	30,485	29,255	800	80
New Brunswicker	30	25	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	40	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	25	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0
European origins	100,470	89,675	1,560	255
British Isles origins	63,845	63,130	345	155
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	20	0	0
English	38,665	38,285	160	75
Irish	22,275	21,985	135	90
Manx	30	30	0	0
Scottish	27,825	27,650	125	30
Welsh	3,500	3,470	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	3,855	3,795	25	15
French origins	14,085	12,345	1,405	210
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	14,085	12,350	1,400	210
Western European origins (except French origins)	36,090	31,675	175	45
Austrian	2,140	1,830	0	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0
Belgian	655	615	25	0
Dutch	7,295	6,430	35	10
Flemish	75	75	0	0
Frisian	15	0	0	0
German	28,060	24,765	90	10
Luxembourger	20	20	0	0
Swiss	1,450	1,205	30	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	15	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	11,925	11,595	10	10
Danish	1,680	1,590	0	10
Finnish	1,070	965	0	10
Icelandic	845	835	0	10
Norwegian	4,960	4,910	10	0
Swedish	3,925	3,830	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	625	615	0	0
Eastern European origins	24,525	21,420	40	35
Bulgarian	80	45	0	0
Byelorussian	65	50	0	0
Czech	800	560	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	275	255	0	0
Estonian	110	95	0	10
Hungarian	2,415	1,855	10	10
Latvian	155	115	0	0
Lithuanian	150	125	0	0
Moldovan	30	10	0	0
Polish	6,525	5,800	10	0
Romanian	1,040	850	0	0
Russian	5,320	4,685	10	0
Slovak	345	250	0	0
Ukrainian	11,415	10,510	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	45	45	0	0
Southern European origins	10,190	7,795	125	30
Albanian	10	10	0	0
Bosnian	100	20	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	735	485	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	630	475	0	10
Italian	6,100	5,175	70	15
Kosovar	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	0	0
Maltese	70	65	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	930	675	10	15
Serbian	350	155	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0
Slovenian	290	210	10	0
Spanish	1,165	670	45	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	315	245	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	885	780	10	0
Basque	10	10	0	0
Jewish	420	355	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	45	30	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	405	380	10	0
Caribbean origins	765	725	15	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	25	15	0
Jamaican	480	470	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	15	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0
St. Lucian	10	15	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	75	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	45	40	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	35	35	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,360	700	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	15	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	30	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0
Bolivian	25	10	0	0
Brazilian	70	40	0	0
Chilean	120	75	0	0
Colombian	135	35	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	20	0	0
Guatemalan	55	40	0	0
Guyanese	90	85	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	45	10	0	0
Maya	20	0	0	0
Mexican	450	225	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	40	35	0	0
Peruvian	85	35	0	0
Salvadorean	100	40	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	30	20	0	0
African origins	1,110	895	50	0
Central and West African origins	100	45	25	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	15	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	30	25	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	15	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	15	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	0	10	0
North African origins	170	110	0	0
Algerian	15	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	110	75	0	10
Libyan	15	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	20	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	480	385	15	0
Afrikaner	20	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	30	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	45	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0
South African	285	250	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	20	25	0	0
Other African origins	395	385	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	70	70	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	325	315	0	0
Asian origins	10,860	4,910	50	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,310	675	10	10
Afghan	45	0	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	55	0	0	0
Armenian	75	55	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	445	180	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	35	25	0	0
Jordanian	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0
Kurd	50	15	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	345	265	10	0
Palestinian	55	25	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	0	0	0
Syrian	70	55	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	85	50	0	0
Turkmen	25	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	15	15	0	0
South Asian origins	3,230	1,040	0	0
Bangladeshi	105	20	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,765	915	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	10	0	0
Pakistani	145	35	0	0
Punjabi	240	75	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	35	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	60	20	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,390	3,240	30	10
Burmese	20	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0	0
Chinese	2,180	980	0	10
Filipino	1,675	785	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	125	80	0	0
Japanese	1,440	1,115	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	575	170	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	75	50	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	175	70	0	0
Thai	100	40	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	385	125	25	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	30	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	30	30	0	0
Oceania origins	765	745	0	10
Australian	450	435	0	0
New Zealander	150	140	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	190	175	0	0
Fijian	100	90	0	0
Hawaiian	45	45	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0
Samoan	15	20	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	10	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	106,400	89,935	1,965	215
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,320	12,480	330	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	32,730	28,885	385	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,350	48,560	1,250	130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,465	8,685	190	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	4,095	3,380	100	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	6,375	5,305	90	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,565	20,265	495	80
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,160	2,550	90	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,150	17,060	475	25
Bachelor's degree	14,085	11,780	265	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,520	1,145	60	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	705	515	30	0
Master's degree	3,960	3,045	85	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	885	570	30	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	106,400	89,930	1,965	210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	48,055	41,370	720	85
Education	4,365	3,705	155	0
13. Education	4,370	3,705	150	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,260	1,940	45	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	590	525	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,670	1,410	40	10
Humanities	2,600	2,040	40	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	80	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	725	605	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	690	480	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	155	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	455	390	0	0
54. History	330	290	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	35	15	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,360	4,465	150	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	35	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	465	370	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,015	805	40	0
22. Legal professions and studies	960	855	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	80	65	0	0
42. Psychology	1,165	1,055	30	10
45. Social sciences	1,630	1,270	55	10
Business, management and public administration	12,450	10,415	285	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	20	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	910	805	30	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,515	9,590	260	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,100	1,705	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	940	750	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	495	430	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	520	410	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	105	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,785	1,455	35	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,380	1,135	30	0
25. Library science	145	115	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	250	195	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,705	9,465	230	35
04. Architecture and related services	335	265	0	0
14. Engineering	1,790	1,120	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,125	1,740	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,500	2,975	55	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,800	2,440	50	10
48. Precision production	1,150	930	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	920	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	540	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	435	385	10	0
Health and related fields	10,600	9,105	165	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	865	800	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,515	8,160	130	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	215	145	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,010	3,345	110	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,820	2,315	70	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	330	310	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	835	710	20	10
Other	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,050	41,370	720	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	58,345	48,565	1,250	125
Location of study inside Canada	50,720	44,815	1,145	120
Same as province or territory of residence	33,400	30,015	415	55
Different than province or territory of residence	17,320	14,795	730	60
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	7,625	3,750	100	10
United States^Footnote 132	1,955	1,710	25	10
Philippines	565	130	0	0
India	325	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	1,150	1,080	10	0
China^Footnote 134	150	10	0	0
France	85	25	50	0
Other	3,395	775	20	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	106,400	89,930	1,965	210
In the labour force	69,145	60,005	1,165	165
Employed	64,380	55,805	1,075	145
Unemployed	4,765	4,200	95	25
Not in the labour force	37,255	29,920	800	50
Participation rate	65.0	66.7	59.3	78.6
Employment rate	60.5	62.1	54.7	69.0
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.0	8.2	15.2
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	106,400	89,930	1,965	215
Did not work^Footnote 137	34,185	27,125	765	45
Worked	72,220	62,805	1,195	165
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	32,895	28,950	535	50
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	39,325	33,850	660	115
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.0	41.9	38.1
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	74,565	64,695	1,235	170
a.Management	8,265	7,030	155	20
00 Senior management occupations	780	695	20	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,310	2,050	30	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,145	2,650	45	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,025	1,645	55	10
b.Professional	11,535	9,880	255	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,045	1,865	30	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,880	1,550	40	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,345	1,180	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,215	1,000	35	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,580	2,060	90	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,760	1,565	45	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	705	655	10	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	7,505	6,740	160	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,110	1,910	35	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,755	1,540	30	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,350	1,170	30	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	390	350	25	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,895	1,775	35	0
d.Administration and administrative support	8,700	7,795	145	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,375	3,030	40	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,105	970	10	0
14 Office support occupations	3,150	2,820	65	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,070	970	25	0
e.Sales	8,050	7,200	115	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,770	1,565	25	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	4,005	3,640	50	10
66 Sales support occupations	2,270	1,995	40	0
f.Personal and customer information services	15,365	12,620	205	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,695	1,360	0	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,380	1,145	30	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,815	2,075	25	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,280	3,790	80	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,190	4,245	70	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,500	5,920	85	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,770	4,325	70	25
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,735	1,595	15	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,710	4,170	75	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,105	995	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,475	2,175	40	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,125	1,000	30	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,150	1,810	15	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	540	480	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	495	330	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,115	990	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,795	1,540	15	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	395	360	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	515	440	10	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	335	295	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	545	450	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	74,570	64,700	1,230	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,485	1,065	20	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	1,120	740	20	0
113 Forestry and logging	180	175	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	20	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	145	125	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,055	1,000	10	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	445	425	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	180	175	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	425	405	10	0
22 Utilities	355	325	0	0
221 Utilities	350	325	0	0
23 Construction	7,785	7,025	130	20
236 Construction of buildings	2,470	2,215	35	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	820	760	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,500	4,055	85	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,700	3,140	75	20
311 Food manufacturing	490	400	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	395	360	10	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	30	15	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	20	10	10	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	445	370	10	10
322 Paper manufacturing	40	35	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	60	50	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	70	50	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	180	140	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	65	60	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	175	165	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	105	85	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	400	360	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	175	130	10	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	105	80	10	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	30	30	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	305	260	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	340	305	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	285	230	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,075	1,875	50	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	25	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	355	320	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	225	185	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	135	135	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	480	455	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	445	390	30	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	295	260	15	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	100	95	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,720	8,710	135	20
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,330	1,200	20	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	455	415	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	345	305	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	630	610	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	2,140	1,900	20	0
446 Health and personal care stores	925	825	15	10
447 Gasoline stations	210	175	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,030	880	25	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	605	580	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,060	925	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	655	575	15	10
454 Non-store retailers	335	310	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,755	2,380	40	0
481 Air transportation	425	375	0	0
482 Rail transportation	30	25	0	0
483 Water transportation	30	25	0	0
484 Truck transportation	725	665	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	405	260	15	0
486 Pipeline transportation	15	10	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	560	515	10	0
491 Postal service	175	160	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	295	255	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	90	80	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,580	1,475	15	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	370	345	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	280	260	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	180	175	0	0
517 Telecommunications	460	425	10	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	50	50	0	0
519 Other information services	250	225	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,605	2,345	35	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,175	1,020	20	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	490	460	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	940	860	10	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,570	1,355	35	0
531 Real estate	1,330	1,140	25	0
532 Rental and leasing services	240	220	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,125	4,505	75	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,120	4,505	75	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	135	105	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	135	100	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,805	3,290	80	10
561 Administrative and support services	3,570	3,060	75	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	235	225	0	0
61 Educational services	5,010	4,135	180	15
611 Educational services	5,005	4,135	185	15
62 Health care and social assistance	9,875	8,460	140	15
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,130	2,770	65	10
622 Hospitals	3,465	3,015	35	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,630	1,265	20	0
624 Social assistance	1,650	1,410	15	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,220	2,065	20	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	550	515	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	75	55	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,595	1,495	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	7,635	6,185	70	25
721 Accommodation services	1,500	1,240	30	10
722 Food services and drinking places	6,135	4,945	40	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,510	2,985	45	10
811 Repair and maintenance	1,005	885	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	1,385	1,160	30	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	820	705	0	10
814 Private households	295	225	0	0
91 Public administration	2,575	2,275	70	0
911 Federal government public administration	975	865	35	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	525	460	10	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,050	925	20	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	30	25	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	64,380	55,810	1,070	140
Worked at home	5,695	4,870	140	10
Worked outside Canada	215	155	10	0
No fixed workplace address	9,495	8,485	120	25
Worked at usual place	48,975	42,305	805	115
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	74,565	64,700	1,235	175
English	73,555	64,425	1,080	175
French	230	95	110	0
Non-official language	375	30	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	375	30	0	0
English and French	85	40	40	0
English and non-official language	305	95	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	74,565	64,700	1,230	175
None	72,855	64,115	940	165
English	325	95	60	0
French	570	300	225	10
Non-official language	785	165	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	780	160	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	48,975	42,300	805	115
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	43,770	37,835	705	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,705	2,280	35	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,730	1,510	40	10
Commute to a different province or territory	770	680	25	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	58,470	50,785	925	140
Car, truck, van - as a driver	45,945	40,265	720	120
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,040	2,565	30	0
Public transit	2,520	1,920	40	0
Walked	3,325	2,815	50	10
Bicycle	2,135	1,880	70	0
Other method	1,510	1,340	25	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	58,470	50,785	925	140
Less than 15 minutes	23,155	20,320	370	40
15 to 29 minutes	26,390	22,795	405	80
30 to 44 minutes	5,780	4,910	105	15
45 to 59 minutes	1,445	1,220	35	0
60 minutes and over	1,705	1,540	15	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	58,475	50,785	930	135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,980	2,550	45	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,900	8,595	195	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,770	14,070	210	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,685	11,880	200	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,410	6,125	140	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,735	7,565	135	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	123,010	105,385	2,090	260
Non-movers	100,395	85,965	1,660	215
Movers	22,615	19,425	435	50
Non-migrants	14,230	12,670	260	20
Migrants	8,385	6,755	170	30
Internal migrants	7,115	6,140	145	25
Intraprovincial migrants	4,075	3,540	50	10
Interprovincial migrants	3,045	2,600	90	25
External migrants	1,265	610	30	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	118,540	101,225	2,050	245
Non-movers	61,995	52,965	1,010	85
Movers	56,545	48,260	1,040	155
Non-migrants	31,395	27,965	500	75
Migrants	25,145	20,290	535	85
Internal migrants	21,400	18,615	435	85
Intraprovincial migrants	12,135	10,640	155	40
Interprovincial migrants	9,270	7,980	285	40
External migrants	3,745	1,675	95	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Kelowna, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.0%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.