Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Columbia-Shuswap

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	50,195	49,010	1,075	25	85	1,085
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
0 to 14 years	7,025	6,875	105	10	40	110
0 to 4 years	2,265	2,175	50	0	30	55
5 to 9 years	2,395	2,350	35	0	10	35
10 to 14 years	2,365	2,350	20	0	0	20
15 to 64 years	31,400	30,625	735	15	30	740
15 to 19 years	2,385	2,345	30	0	0	35
20 to 24 years	2,105	2,080	25	0	0	20
25 to 29 years	2,420	2,350	70	0	10	70
30 to 34 years	2,785	2,660	110	0	15	105
35 to 39 years	2,895	2,760	135	0	0	135
40 to 44 years	2,625	2,555	70	0	0	65
45 to 49 years	2,910	2,870	45	0	0	40
50 to 54 years	3,960	3,855	100	0	0	100
55 to 59 years	4,765	4,655	95	0	10	100
60 to 64 years	4,565	4,500	60	10	0	65
65 years and over	11,765	11,515	230	10	15	235
65 to 69 years	4,190	4,105	85	0	0	85
70 to 74 years	3,045	2,970	65	0	10	65
75 to 79 years	2,120	2,070	45	10	0	50
80 to 84 years	1,400	1,385	10	0	10	10
85 years and over	1,010	985	20	0	0	25
85 to 89 years	760	740	20	0	0	20
90 to 94 years	220	215	10	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	25	25	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.8	45.8	45.5	32.0	31.0	not applicable ...
Median age	49.9	50.0	45.0	17.6	32.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	43,165	42,140	965	20	50	970
Married or living common law	27,965	27,325	610	0	30	610
Married	22,600	22,175	390	10	30	390
Living common law	5,370	5,145	225	0	0	220
Not married and not living common law	15,195	14,815	355	15	15	360
Never married	8,675	8,430	230	10	10	235
Separated	1,205	1,175	25	0	0	30
Divorced	2,935	2,870	60	0	0	60
Widowed	2,380	2,340	35	0	10	35
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	43,165	42,140	965	15	45	970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,150	41,135	960	0	35	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,219	42,062	50,569	0	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,142	32,123	33,849	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,210	41,195	960	0	35	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,723	35,597	42,437	0	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,946	28,933	29,812	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,410	37,520	865	0	0	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,049	38,847	48,559	0	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,517	27,465	30,438	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,095	30,300	750	0	30	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,992	9,005	8,816	0	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,278	8,286	8,380	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,775	29,040	715	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,381	37,296	41,393	0	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,443	26,341	32,281	0	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	84.3	84.2	86.5	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	62.6	62.6	61.0	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	15.7	15.8	13.6	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	43,170	42,135	965	20	45	975
Without total income	1,015	1,005	0	10	0	10
With total income	42,150	41,140	960	15	40	965
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.6	99.5	75.0	88.9	99.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,395	5,265	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$10,000 to $19,999	7,835	7,685	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
$20,000 to $29,999	6,685	6,510	170	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	175
$30,000 to $39,999	5,550	5,390	155	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$40,000 to $49,999	4,310	4,185	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$50,000 to $59,999	3,085	3,005	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$60,000 to $69,999	2,460	2,410	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$70,000 to $79,999	1,950	1,910	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,330	1,295	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$90,000 to $99,999	890	880	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$100,000 and over	2,665	2,595	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$100,000 to $149,999	2,025	1,970	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$150,000 and over	640	625	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	43,165	42,140	965	15	45	975
Without after-tax income	960	940	0	0	10	0
With after-tax income	42,210	41,195	960	15	40	965
Percentage with after-tax income	97.8	97.8	99.5	100.0	88.9	99.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,775	5,655	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$10,000 to $19,999	8,325	8,145	175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	170
$20,000 to $29,999	7,785	7,565	220	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	220
$30,000 to $39,999	6,255	6,125	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$40,000 to $49,999	4,425	4,285	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	135
$50,000 to $59,999	3,115	3,055	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,425	2,375	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	1,365	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$80,000 and over	2,710	2,640	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$80,000 to $89,999	845	820	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$90,000 to $99,999	700	695	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	1,170	1,125	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	43,170	42,140	965	20	45	970
Without employment income	13,395	13,095	250	0	35	255
With employment income	29,775	29,045	715	10	10	720
Percentage with employment income	69.0	68.9	74.1	50.0	22.2	74.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,810	5,710	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$5,000 to $9,999	2,605	2,545	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$10,000 to $19,999	4,045	3,950	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$20,000 to $29,999	3,630	3,525	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$30,000 to $39,999	3,130	3,035	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$40,000 to $49,999	2,260	2,180	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$50,000 to $59,999	1,905	1,860	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	1,475	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	1,305	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$80,000 and over	3,540	3,450	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$80,000 to $89,999	975	950	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$90,000 to $99,999	685	685	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	1,880	1,815	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	43,170	42,135	960	20	50	975
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	10,605	10,440	165	0	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,112	50,189	47,650	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	56,664	56,690	55,017	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	50,195	49,015	1,070	20	85	1,085
English only	46,550	46,550	0	0	0	0
French only	30	0	30	0	0	30
English and French	3,525	2,465	1,040	25	0	1,050
Neither English nor French	85	0	0	0	85	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	50,195	49,010	1,075	25	90	1,085
English	48,345	47,635	710	0	0	705
French	360	25	335	0	0	335
Non-official language	840	740	10	10	90	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	835	735	0	10	85	10
English and French	35	0	25	10	0	25
English and non-official language	605	605	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	50,195	49,010	1,075	20	85	1,085
None	47,745	47,100	540	20	85	550
English	650	415	235	10	0	240
French	575	310	270	0	0	270
Non-official language	1,190	1,175	15	0	0	15
Aboriginal	85	85	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,105	1,095	15	0	0	10
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
English	44,980	44,985	0	0	0	0
French	1,190	125	1,070	0	0	1,065
Non-official language	3,590	3,485	0	15	85	10
Aboriginal	35	35	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,555	3,450	0	15	85	10
English and French	110	100	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	305	305	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	50,195	49,015	1,075	25	85	1,085
Official languages	50,110	49,015	1,075	20	0	1,085
English	50,080	49,015	1,040	25	0	1,055
French	3,560	2,465	1,075	25	0	1,085
Non-official languages	4,940	4,740	95	20	85	105
Aboriginal languages	155	155	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,785	4,585	90	20	90	105
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	50,195	49,015	1,075	25	90	1,085
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	3,645	3,580	65	0	0	65
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	3,540	3,480	65	0	0	60
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,670	1,660	15	0	0	15
Métis	1,845	1,790	45	0	0	50
Inuk (Inuit)	30	30	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	85	80	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	15	20	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	46,555	45,435	1,005	25	90	1,020
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	1,120	1,110	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,075	47,900	1,065	25	90	1,075
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	50,195	49,010	1,070	25	85	1,080
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	765	760	10	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	750	745	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	535	530	10	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	205	200	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	3,530	3,385	145	0	0	145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	3,330	3,200	130	0	0	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,860	1,790	70	0	0	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,455	1,395	55	0	0	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	205	180	15	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	185	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	45,895	44,875	915	25	90	930
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	48,500	47,390	1,055	25	30	1,065
Canadian citizens only	47,225	46,145	1,030	15	35	1,040
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,275	1,245	25	10	0	25
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,690	1,625	20	0	55	20
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	50,195	49,015	1,075	25	90	1,085
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	44,570	43,515	1,015	15	25	1,025
Immigrants^Footnote 42	5,315	5,210	35	10	60	45
Before 1981	3,035	3,010	20	0	0	25
1981 to 1990	500	495	10	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	540	520	10	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	740	735	0	0	10	0
2001 to 2005	260	260	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	480	480	0	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	495	445	10	0	45	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	305	285	10	0	0	15
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	5,315	5,210	40	10	60	45
Under 5 years	695	685	0	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,010	985	15	0	0	15
15 to 24 years	1,190	1,185	0	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,075	2,030	25	10	20	20
45 years and over	350	325	0	0	25	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	5,320	5,215	40	10	60	45
Americas	890	880	0	0	0	0
Brazil	25	30	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	710	715	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	65	0	0	0	0
Europe	3,395	3,350	30	10	0	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	15	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	25	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	20	0	0	15
Germany	695	695	0	0	0	10
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	20	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	150	145	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	310	310	0	0	0	0
Poland	60	60	0	0	0	0
Portugal	30	35	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	20	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	60	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	20	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,435	1,430	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	480	465	15	0	0	20
Africa	150	145	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	100	100	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	30	0	0	0	0
Asia	705	640	0	0	60	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	95	60	10	0	25	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	20	15	0	0	0	0
India	165	165	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	40	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	60	55	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	190	190	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	30	10	0	0	20	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	70	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	190	185	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	495	445	10	0	45	10
Americas	85	85	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	60	60	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	10	0	0	0
Europe	175	175	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	35	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	25	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	80	80	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	30	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	150	105	0	0	45	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	35	10	0	0	20	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	20	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	45	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	25	10	0	0	20	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	75	80	0	0	0	0
Australia	50	50	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	30	30	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
First generation^Footnote 71	5,870	5,735	60	10	65	65
Second generation^Footnote 72	9,795	9,675	80	15	20	90
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	34,535	33,600	925	0	0	930
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,350	2,275	20	0	55	20
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,350	1,320	15	0	10	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	595	580	0	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	755	735	10	0	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	895	865	0	0	25	0
Refugees^Footnote 79	90	70	0	0	20	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	20	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	50,195	49,015	1,075	25	85	1,085
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	1,620	1,525	15	10	75	15
South Asian^Footnote 83	350	345	0	0	0	0
Chinese	265	225	10	0	30	10
Black	170	160	0	0	10	0
Filipino	265	260	0	0	0	0
Latin American	65	65	0	0	0	0
Arab	25	0	0	0	25	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	45	45	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	90	0	0	10	0
Japanese	270	270	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	30	30	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	15	15	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	48,575	47,490	1,060	20	10	1,065
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	50,195	49,015	1,070	25	85	1,085
North American Aboriginal origins	4,300	4,145	155	0	0	155
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,610	2,515	100	0	0	100
Inuit	25	20	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,880	1,800	75	0	0	75
Other North American origins	13,375	12,835	535	0	10	535
Acadian	90	30	60	0	0	60
American	1,170	1,150	15	0	10	10
Canadian	12,490	11,980	505	0	10	505
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	40	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	10	0	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	42,395	41,565	800	20	10	810
British Isles origins	29,170	28,940	215	0	10	215
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	15	0	0	0	0
English	18,475	18,375	90	0	10	85
Irish	9,620	9,520	100	0	0	100
Manx	20	25	0	0	0	0
Scottish	12,870	12,785	75	0	10	75
Welsh	1,990	1,975	15	0	0	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,485	1,485	0	0	0	0
French origins	6,130	5,375	745	0	10	750
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,135	5,375	750	0	10	755
Western European origins (except French origins)	14,985	14,885	75	25	0	85
Austrian	965	950	10	0	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	365	345	20	0	0	20
Dutch	3,560	3,550	0	10	0	10
Flemish	45	45	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
German	10,575	10,525	40	10	0	50
Luxembourger	15	15	0	0	0	0
Swiss	910	900	0	15	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	75	75	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	6,020	5,995	20	0	0	20
Danish	735	730	0	0	0	0
Finnish	680	685	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	325	325	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,480	2,475	10	0	0	10
Swedish	2,085	2,080	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	265	260	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins	7,615	7,585	20	0	0	20
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Czech	365	360	10	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	140	140	0	0	0	0
Estonian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	570	570	0	0	0	0
Latvian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,800	1,790	10	0	0	10
Romanian	295	300	0	0	0	0
Russian	1,655	1,650	0	0	0	0
Slovak	115	115	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,495	3,480	15	0	0	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,055	3,020	30	0	10	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	155	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	95	10	0	0	10
Italian	1,985	1,975	10	0	0	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	215	10	0	10	10
Serbian	80	75	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Spanish	365	350	15	0	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	100	100	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	190	180	15	0	0	15
Basque	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	90	85	0	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	70	65	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	75	80	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	20	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	20	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	300	295	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Chilean	20	20	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	115	120	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	285	270	10	0	0	10
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	15	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	145	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	110	105	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	35	40	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	125	110	10	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	120	110	0	0	0	10
Asian origins	1,640	1,550	10	0	70	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	150	125	0	0	25	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	25	0	0	20	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	405	400	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	340	340	0	0	10	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	25	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,085	1,030	15	0	45	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	330	290	10	0	30	10
Filipino	310	300	0	0	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	310	305	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	115	0	0	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	380	380	0	0	0	0
Australian	285	280	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	95	90	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	43,165	42,140	965	20	50	970
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,735	7,580	125	10	25	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	12,835	12,590	240	0	10	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,595	21,975	605	10	15	610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	6,075	125	0	0	125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	2,535	2,490	45	0	0	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	3,665	3,585	80	0	10	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,995	8,760	220	10	10	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,535	1,490	40	0	0	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,865	5,645	210	0	0	215
Bachelor's degree	3,965	3,790	165	0	0	160
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	415	420	0	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	175	10	0	0	10
Master's degree	1,200	1,160	40	0	0	45
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	105	105	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	43,165	42,140	960	15	45	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	20,570	20,165	360	10	30	365
Education	1,975	1,895	80	0	10	75
13. Education	1,975	1,890	75	0	10	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	555	545	15	0	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	115	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	445	430	15	0	0	15
Humanities	880	840	40	0	0	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	65	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	190	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	260	245	10	0	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	75	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	185	10	0	0	10
54. History	75	60	10	0	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,515	1,470	50	0	0	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	135	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	370	15	0	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	260	250	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	15	15	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	280	285	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	435	410	25	0	0	25
Business, management and public administration	4,000	3,890	95	0	10	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	20	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	350	340	10	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,630	3,535	90	10	0	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	555	540	20	0	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	245	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	120	10	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	135	125	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	50	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	400	0	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	285	0	0	10	10
25. Library science	65	65	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	50	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,860	5,725	135	0	0	135
04. Architecture and related services	85	80	10	0	0	10
14. Engineering	505	490	15	0	0	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	985	945	40	0	0	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,760	1,715	45	0	0	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,645	1,620	25	0	0	25
48. Precision production	880	875	10	0	0	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,030	1,000	30	0	0	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	475	465	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	555	535	20	0	0	20
Health and related fields	3,790	3,690	95	0	0	95
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	415	385	35	0	0	30
51. Health professions and related programs	3,345	3,285	60	0	0	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	25	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,020	1,980	40	0	0	40
12. Personal and culinary services	1,195	1,160	35	0	0	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	165	155	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	635	635	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	43,170	42,135	965	15	50	970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,570	20,165	360	10	35	365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	22,595	21,970	605	10	20	610
Location of study inside Canada	19,955	19,390	565	0	0	565
Same as province or territory of residence	12,580	12,435	155	0	0	150
Different than province or territory of residence	7,370	6,955	415	0	0	415
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,640	2,580	40	10	15	40
United States^Footnote 130	685	670	10	0	0	10
Philippines	130	135	0	0	0	0
India	70	70	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	570	565	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	25	10	0	0	15	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,145	1,135	10	10	0	15
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	43,170	42,140	965	15	45	not applicable ...
In the labour force	25,395	24,785	580	10	20	not applicable ...
Employed	23,110	22,595	475	10	20	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,285	2,185	100	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	17,770	17,355	385	0	25	not applicable ...
Participation rate	58.8	58.8	60.1	66.7	44.4	not applicable ...
Employment rate	53.5	53.6	49.2	66.7	44.4	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	9.0	8.8	17.2	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	43,170	42,140	960	15	50	975
Did not work^Footnote 135	15,770	15,410	325	0	30	325
Worked	27,395	26,725	640	10	15	645
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	11,050	10,880	170	0	0	170
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	16,345	15,845	475	10	15	480
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.1	37.8	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	28,355	27,660	660	10	25	665
a.Management	3,210	3,130	75	10	0	75
00 Senior management occupations	245	235	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	650	640	10	0	0	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,300	1,240	60	10	0	60
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,015	1,010	0	0	0	10
b.Professional	2,855	2,775	80	0	0	85
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	360	355	10	0	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	525	500	20	0	0	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	320	315	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	305	300	0	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	695	675	25	0	0	25
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	460	445	15	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	200	185	20	0	0	20
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,500	2,440	65	0	0	65
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	870	840	25	0	0	25
32 Technical occupations in health	480	470	15	0	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	495	485	15	0	0	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	110	110	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	540	530	10	0	0	10
d.Administration and administrative support	2,920	2,870	50	0	0	50
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,075	1,050	25	0	0	25
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	465	460	10	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	995	975	15	0	0	15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	390	380	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	2,735	2,685	40	10	0	40
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	525	515	10	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,180	1,155	25	0	0	25
66 Sales support occupations	1,030	1,015	10	0	0	10
f.Personal and customer information services	5,660	5,480	155	0	25	155
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	535	530	10	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	550	540	10	0	0	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	970	920	35	0	15	35
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,430	1,390	40	0	0	40
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,170	2,105	60	0	0	60
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,325	3,265	60	0	0	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,005	1,975	30	0	0	30
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,320	1,290	30	0	0	30
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,410	2,355	50	0	0	50
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	315	305	10	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,555	1,530	30	0	0	30
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	540	520	10	0	0	15
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,555	1,495	60	0	0	60
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	400	390	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	530	505	25	0	0	25
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	620	595	30	0	0	30
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,180	1,165	20	0	0	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	240	235	10	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	395	395	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	170	165	10	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	380	370	0	0	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	28,360	27,660	660	10	30	660
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,560	1,515	45	0	0	45
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	775	770	10	0	0	10
113 Forestry and logging	570	535	35	0	0	40
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	10	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	205	200	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	575	560	15	0	0	15
211 Oil and gas extraction	125	125	10	0	0	10
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	105	110	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	340	330	0	0	0	10
22 Utilities	165	165	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	170	165	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,185	3,120	60	0	0	60
236 Construction of buildings	1,000	985	10	0	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	540	535	10	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,645	1,600	50	0	0	45
31-33 Manufacturing	2,390	2,365	25	0	0	20
311 Food manufacturing	180	175	10	0	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	70	65	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,030	1,020	15	0	0	15
322 Paper manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	40	40	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	20	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	80	80	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	75	75	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	165	170	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	175	175	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	95	95	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	130	130	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	80	85	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	70	70	0	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	430	425	0	0	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	10	10	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	70	65	10	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	45	40	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	25	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	110	110	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	110	110	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	45	40	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,515	3,450	55	0	0	60
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	500	500	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	100	100	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	80	85	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	295	290	10	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	995	985	10	10	0	15
446 Health and personal care stores	295	295	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	200	190	10	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	235	225	10	10	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	165	145	20	0	0	20
452 General merchandise stores	380	380	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	210	205	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	60	60	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,615	1,565	50	0	0	50
481 Air transportation	105	105	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	500	480	15	0	0	20
483 Water transportation	60	60	10	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	420	405	10	0	0	15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	105	110	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	20	15	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	220	215	0	0	0	10
491 Postal service	90	85	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	75	75	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	30	25	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	275	270	0	0	0	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	30	30	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	50	40	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	20	20	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	95	100	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	75	70	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	625	625	0	0	0	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	335	330	0	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	85	85	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	210	210	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	665	650	15	0	0	15
531 Real estate	525	520	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	140	130	10	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,305	1,270	40	0	0	45
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,305	1,270	40	0	0	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	20	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,295	1,275	20	0	0	20
561 Administrative and support services	1,185	1,170	15	0	0	15
562 Waste management and remediation services	110	105	0	0	0	10
61 Educational services	1,535	1,480	55	0	0	55
611 Educational services	1,535	1,480	55	0	0	60
62 Health care and social assistance	2,620	2,575	40	0	0	40
621 Ambulatory health care services	825	815	15	0	0	10
622 Hospitals	670	655	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	555	535	15	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	575	575	0	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,240	1,150	95	0	0	95
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	125	120	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	260	230	35	0	0	30
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	860	805	55	0	0	55
72 Accommodation and food services	2,925	2,815	90	0	20	90
721 Accommodation services	1,120	1,055	60	0	0	60
722 Food services and drinking places	1,810	1,760	30	0	25	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,320	1,305	15	0	0	10
811 Repair and maintenance	475	475	0	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	395	385	0	0	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	325	320	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	125	125	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	1,090	1,065	25	0	0	25
911 Federal government public administration	350	345	0	0	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	285	275	15	0	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	395	385	10	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	60	60	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	23,110	22,600	480	10	20	485
Worked at home	2,280	2,205	65	0	15	65
Worked outside Canada	45	40	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,010	3,910	100	0	0	95
Worked at usual place	16,780	16,445	320	10	10	325
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	28,355	27,660	660	10	30	665
English	28,190	27,565	600	10	15	605
French	90	30	60	0	0	60
Non-official language	40	30	0	0	15	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	20	0	0	15	0
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	35	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	28,355	27,660	660	10	25	665
None	27,700	27,255	410	10	25	415
English	80	40	45	0	0	45
French	390	190	200	0	0	200
Non-official language	170	170	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	35	35	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	135	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	16,785	16,445	320	10	10	320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,640	10,430	195	0	10	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,735	3,675	60	0	0	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,030	1,985	45	0	0	45
Commute to a different province or territory	380	355	20	0	0	20
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	20,785	20,355	415	10	10	420
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,520	16,230	275	0	0	280
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,245	1,215	30	0	0	30
Public transit	225	215	0	0	0	10
Walked	1,415	1,390	15	0	10	20
Bicycle	865	795	70	0	0	70
Other method	520	505	15	0	0	20
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	20,785	20,355	420	0	15	420
Less than 15 minutes	11,580	11,360	210	0	0	215
15 to 29 minutes	4,915	4,815	90	0	10	90
30 to 44 minutes	2,040	2,010	25	0	0	25
45 to 59 minutes	720	700	25	0	0	20
60 minutes and over	1,530	1,465	65	0	0	70
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	20,790	20,355	415	0	10	420
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,585	1,560	30	0	0	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,720	3,665	55	0	0	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,225	5,100	110	0	15	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,715	4,615	95	0	0	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,235	2,195	40	0	0	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,305	3,220	70	0	0	75
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	49,770	48,600	1,075	20	75	1,085
Non-movers	42,125	41,240	835	20	35	845
Movers	7,650	7,365	235	0	40	240
Non-migrants	3,575	3,465	90	0	15	95
Migrants	4,070	3,900	145	0	30	145
Internal migrants	3,845	3,695	145	0	10	145
Intraprovincial migrants	2,395	2,340	50	0	10	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,450	1,355	90	10	0	95
External migrants	225	205	0	0	25	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	47,930	46,835	1,020	15	55	1,025
Non-movers	29,920	29,380	520	15	10	530
Movers	18,010	17,455	500	0	45	500
Non-migrants	7,210	7,040	170	0	0	170
Migrants	10,795	10,420	330	0	50	330
Internal migrants	10,080	9,760	305	0	15	305
Intraprovincial migrants	6,335	6,175	135	0	15	140
Interprovincial migrants	3,750	3,580	170	0	0	170
External migrants	720	665	20	0	30	25

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Columbia-Shuswap

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 8.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.