Admission Category and Applicant Type (47), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11B), Age (7A), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force and Educational Characteristics (825) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Admission category and applicant type (47): Total - Admission category and applicant type
• Immigrant status and period of immigration (11B): Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration
• Age (7A): Total - Age

This table details admission category and applicant type , immigrant status and period of immigration , age , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics for the population in private households in Quebec / Québec

Selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics (825)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total - Age groups for the population in private households - 25% sample data	7,965,450	3,941,435	4,024,010
0 to 14 years	1,331,175	681,400	649,770
0 to 4 years	444,495	227,285	217,210
5 to 9 years	468,725	239,960	228,765
10 to 14 years	417,955	214,155	203,795
15 to 24 years	924,015	471,195	452,820
15 to 19 years	427,730	220,090	207,640
20 to 24 years	496,280	251,100	245,175
25 to 64 years	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125
25 to 34 years	1,005,165	499,820	505,340
35 to 44 years	1,050,950	522,505	528,445
45 to 54 years	1,129,745	562,235	567,515
55 to 64 years	1,186,075	583,250	602,830
65 years and over	1,338,330	621,035	717,295
65 to 74 years	839,300	403,420	435,885
75 to 84 years	388,205	175,920	212,280
85 years and over	110,830	41,695	69,130
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Average age	41.1	40.4	41.8
Median age	41.7	40.9	42.5
Total - Household type of person for the population in private households - 25% sample data	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Persons in one-census-family households without additional persons	5,956,710	2,961,060	2,995,645
In a couple census family without children (no other persons present in the household)	1,841,465	924,170	917,295
In a couple census family with children (no other persons present in the household)	3,301,615	1,690,525	1,611,100
In a lone-parent census family (no other persons present in the household)	813,630	346,370	467,255
Persons in multigenerational households^Footnote 3	247,240	111,500	135,740
Persons in other census family households^Footnote 4	298,705	149,215	149,490
Persons in two-or-more-person non-census-family households	288,105	159,450	128,660
Persons living alone (one-person households)	1,174,690	560,215	614,480
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 5	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
Married or living common law	3,798,575	1,901,325	1,897,250
Married	2,299,280	1,150,225	1,149,055
Living common law	1,499,295	751,095	748,195
Not married and not living common law	2,835,705	1,358,715	1,476,990
Never married	1,963,595	1,060,360	903,235
Separated	98,960	43,400	55,555
Divorced	466,205	186,200	280,010
Widowed	306,945	68,760	238,190
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 6	7,880,320	3,897,740	3,982,575
Non-movers	6,965,515	3,447,320	3,518,195
Movers	914,800	450,415	464,380
Non-migrants	547,410	269,855	277,560
Migrants	367,385	180,565	186,825
Internal migrants	305,465	149,330	156,135
Intraprovincial migrants	284,275	137,945	146,330
Interprovincial migrants	21,190	11,385	9,805
External migrants	61,920	31,230	30,690
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 7	7,520,960	3,714,150	3,806,805
Non-movers	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065
Movers	2,695,085	1,325,350	1,369,740
Non-migrants	1,507,665	741,220	766,445
Migrants	1,187,420	584,125	603,300
Internal migrants	949,170	464,830	484,340
Intraprovincial migrants	893,800	436,530	457,275
Interprovincial migrants	55,365	28,300	27,065
External migrants	238,255	119,295	118,960
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 8	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
English	960,110	481,840	478,270
French	6,657,460	3,287,540	3,369,920
English and French	275,630	142,910	132,715
Neither English nor French	72,250	29,145	43,110
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 9	1,097,925	553,295	544,625
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 10	13.8	14.0	13.5
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 11	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
English	598,050	301,320	296,730
French	6,129,855	3,034,220	3,095,635
Non-official language	1,062,890	517,835	545,055
English and French	67,990	34,960	33,035
English and non-official language	25,730	12,605	13,125
French and non-official language	64,900	32,260	32,640
English, French and non-official language	16,035	8,240	7,795
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 12	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
English	780,750	390,925	389,825
French	6,283,305	3,112,675	3,170,630
Non-official language	588,890	283,980	304,910
English and French	82,940	42,245	40,695
English and non-official language	53,420	25,965	27,460
French and non-official language	137,280	65,735	71,550
English, French and non-official language	38,865	19,920	18,950
Total - Number of languages known for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 13	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Knowledge of one language	3,809,110	1,792,400	2,016,715
English only	167,205	84,415	82,790
French only	3,574,175	1,680,250	1,893,920
Non-official language only	67,730	27,730	40,000
Knowledge of more than one language	4,156,340	2,149,045	2,007,300
English and French only	2,613,090	1,400,510	1,212,580
English, French and one or more non-official languages	948,835	471,885	476,950
English and one or more non official languages	201,560	101,660	99,900
French and one or more non official languages	386,235	172,495	213,740
Multiple non-official languages only	6,615	2,490	4,125
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 14	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Canadian citizens^Footnote 15	7,585,540	3,753,195	3,832,350
Canadian citizens only	7,254,480	3,586,120	3,668,360
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	331,065	167,075	163,990
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	379,910	188,245	191,665
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 17	1,091,305	530,330	560,980
Under 5 years	112,930	54,600	58,330
5 to 14 years	174,025	87,165	86,855
15 to 24 years	215,355	98,875	116,475
25 to 44 years	515,775	256,095	259,680
45 years and over	73,230	33,590	39,640
Total - Place of birth for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 18	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Born in Canada	6,760,555	3,351,265	3,409,290
Born outside Canada	1,204,895	590,170	614,720
Americas	273,680	126,720	146,965
North America	37,795	18,770	19,025
Greenland	10	10	0
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	190	85	100
United States^Footnote 19	37,600	18,680	18,925
Central America	42,305	20,830	21,475
Belize	80	40	40
Costa Rica	980	535	450
El Salvador	11,375	5,625	5,750
Guatemala	6,220	3,395	2,825
Honduras	2,730	1,345	1,385
Mexico	18,090	8,420	9,665
Nicaragua	1,760	895	860
Panama	1,070	570	505
Caribbean and Bermuda	115,870	51,115	64,760
Anguilla	10	0	0
Antigua and Barbuda	155	95	60
Aruba	50	35	20
Bahamas	215	95	120
Barbados	2,090	905	1,190
Bermuda	125	70	55
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	0	0	0
Cayman Islands	15	10	10
Cuba	6,580	3,250	3,330
Curaçao	55	25	30
Dominica	255	100	150
Dominican Republic	5,955	2,720	3,235
Grenada	1,275	415	860
Guadeloupe	650	340	315
Haiti	83,955	36,890	47,060
Jamaica	4,845	2,170	2,675
Martinique	840	395	450
Montserrat	210	90	120
Puerto Rico	85	20	70
Saint Barthélemy	0	0	0
Saint Kitts and Nevis	275	105	165
Saint Lucia	580	240	335
Saint Martin (French part)	40	15	20
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	3,395	1,235	2,160
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	4,170	1,875	2,300
Turks and Caicos Islands	20	10	10
Virgin Islands, British	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, United States	0	0	0
South America	77,710	36,005	41,705
Argentina	4,855	2,370	2,490
Bolivia^Footnote 20	1,030	420	615
Brazil	9,155	4,450	4,710
Chile	8,925	4,470	4,455
Colombia	26,895	12,250	14,640
Ecuador	1,565	705	860
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	0	0	0
French Guiana	200	85	120
Guyana	2,525	1,100	1,425
Paraguay	290	125	165
Peru	13,780	6,180	7,605
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	0	0	0
Suriname	70	10	55
Uruguay	1,645	815	835
Venezuela^Footnote 21	6,755	3,020	3,735
Europe	351,480	176,065	175,410
Western Europe	141,910	74,570	67,340
Austria	1,605	760	845
Belgium	10,720	5,415	5,305
France	107,270	57,385	49,885
Germany	13,005	6,020	6,990
Liechtenstein	0	0	0
Luxembourg	265	120	145
Monaco	105	80	30
Netherlands	2,345	1,220	1,125
Switzerland	6,595	3,575	3,015
Eastern Europe	84,560	39,190	45,370
Belarus	1,580	745	835
Bulgaria	6,070	2,975	3,095
Czech Republic	1,515	685	825
Estonia	155	75	85
Hungary	3,440	1,685	1,755
Latvia	365	180	180
Lithuania	390	145	245
Moldova^Footnote 22	9,210	4,460	4,750
Poland	11,005	4,785	6,220
Romania	28,940	13,815	15,125
Russian Federation	11,830	5,175	6,655
Slovakia	1,045	500	545
Ukraine	9,010	3,960	5,045
Northern Europe	17,805	9,240	8,565
Åland Islands	0	0	0
Denmark	460	235	230
Faroe Islands	0	0	0
Finland	320	110	215
Guernsey	0	0	0
Iceland	80	45	35
Ireland^Footnote 23	950	580	365
Isle of Man	10	0	0
Jersey	0	0	0
Norway	215	95	120
Sark	0	0	0
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	0	0	0
Sweden	695	330	365
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	15,065	7,835	7,225
Southern Europe	107,210	53,070	54,140
Albania	1,725	850	870
Andorra	30	10	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,810	1,900	1,910
Croatia	2,280	1,165	1,115
Gibraltar	10	0	0
Greece	19,075	9,490	9,590
Holy See (Vatican City State)	0	0	0
Italy	52,425	26,075	26,350
Kosovo^Footnote 25	780	420	360
Macedonia, Republic of^Footnote 26	205	95	115
Malta	60	20	35
Montenegro	250	95	155
Portugal	19,405	9,375	10,030
San Marino	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 27	1,865	855	1,010
Slovenia	670	330	345
Spain	4,605	2,385	2,220
Africa	259,810	135,715	124,090
Western Africa	37,110	20,005	17,100
Benin	2,825	1,620	1,200
Burkina Faso	2,015	1,035	985
Cabo Verde	55	25	25
Côte d'Ivoire	9,950	5,130	4,820
Gambia	95	60	35
Ghana	1,995	1,060	935
Guinea	4,255	2,170	2,090
Guinea-Bissau	60	40	20
Liberia	185	85	95
Mali	2,100	1,130	970
Mauritania	705	440	265
Niger	885	485	400
Nigeria	1,625	920	710
Saint Helena^Footnote 28	0	0	0
Senegal	7,210	3,990	3,215
Sierra Leone	200	100	105
Togo	2,950	1,710	1,235
Eastern Africa	24,855	11,960	12,900
Burundi	4,625	2,320	2,305
Comoros	110	45	65
Djibouti	570	265	305
Eritrea	280	125	155
Ethiopia	1,045	525	520
Kenya	875	400	475
Madagascar	3,370	1,585	1,785
Malawi	35	10	25
Mauritius	6,420	3,115	3,305
Mayotte	0	0	0
Mozambique	210	115	95
Réunion	490	240	250
Rwanda	3,280	1,535	1,745
Seychelles	705	295	410
Somalia	580	275	305
South Sudan	20	15	0
Tanzania^Footnote 29	1,135	595	535
Uganda	460	170	295
Zambia	180	85	95
Zimbabwe	470	245	230
Northern Africa	163,645	86,715	76,930
Algeria	61,675	32,490	29,185
Egypt	20,210	10,700	9,505
Libya	1,305	765	530
Morocco	63,420	33,000	30,420
Sudan^Footnote 30	230	120	110
Tunisia	16,805	9,630	7,175
Western Sahara	0	0	0
Central Africa	33,015	16,435	16,580
Angola	750	370	385
Cameroon	14,015	7,130	6,885
Central African Republic	945	445	500
Chad	1,070	570	500
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	13,205	6,305	6,900
Congo, Republic of the	1,955	1,115	845
Equatorial Guinea	20	10	10
Gabon	1,040	485	560
Sao Tome and Principe	10	10	0
Southern Africa	1,185	605	585
Botswana	105	30	75
Lesotho	0	0	0
Namibia	30	15	20
South Africa, Republic of	1,030	550	480
Swaziland	15	10	0
Asia	317,255	150,200	167,055
West Central Asia and the Middle East	119,155	61,360	57,795
Afghanistan	7,530	3,780	3,755
Armenia	1,570	695	875
Azerbaijan	395	155	240
Bahrain	120	70	55
Cyprus	315	145	165
Georgia	425	195	235
Iran^Footnote 31	19,275	9,700	9,575
Iraq	3,875	2,025	1,850
Israel	5,410	2,830	2,575
Jordan	1,530	825	705
Kazakhstan	2,365	1,050	1,315
Kuwait	1,720	900	815
Kyrgyzstan	650	315	335
Lebanon	40,560	21,630	18,925
Oman	80	40	45
Qatar	280	160	120
Saudi Arabia	2,835	1,550	1,285
Syria^Footnote 32	18,725	9,290	9,430
Tajikistan	210	85	125
Turkey	7,010	3,635	3,370
Turkmenistan	55	20	40
United Arab Emirates	1,565	885	680
Uzbekistan	1,020	470	545
West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine)^Footnote 33	1,415	790	620
Yemen	230	110	115
Eastern Asia	73,965	30,855	43,110
China^Footnote 34	56,825	23,360	33,465
Hong Kong^Footnote 35	4,980	2,390	2,590
Japan	2,355	690	1,670
Korea, North^Footnote 36	30	15	10
Korea, South^Footnote 37	6,225	2,955	3,270
Macao^Footnote 38	185	80	110
Mongolia	230	95	135
Taiwan	3,145	1,280	1,860
Southeast Asia	70,755	29,940	40,815
Brunei Darussalam	35	20	10
Burma (Myanmar)	310	145	165
Cambodia	9,530	4,470	5,060
Indonesia	740	285	455
Laos^Footnote 39	3,930	1,975	1,960
Malaysia	730	335	390
Philippines	26,340	9,445	16,895
Singapore	445	240	200
Thailand	2,260	795	1,465
Timor-Leste	0	0	0
Viet Nam	26,430	12,225	14,210
Southern Asia	53,380	28,040	25,340
Bangladesh	8,270	4,205	4,065
Bhutan	655	320	335
British Indian Ocean Territory	0	0	0
India	22,160	12,025	10,130
Maldives	0	0	0
Nepal	595	275	320
Pakistan	10,690	5,700	4,985
Sri Lanka	11,005	5,510	5,495
Oceania	2,660	1,480	1,180
American Samoa	0	0	0
Australia	1,450	815	635
Christmas Island	0	0	0
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	0	0	0
Cook Islands	0	0	0
Fiji	75	40	30
French Polynesia	350	170	180
Guam	0	0	0
Kiribati	0	0	0
Marshall Islands	0	0	0
Micronesia, Federated States of	0	0	0
Nauru	0	0	0
New Caledonia	315	150	165
New Zealand	440	270	160
Niue	0	0	0
Norfolk Island	0	0	0
Northern Mariana Islands	0	0	0
Palau	0	0	0
Papua New Guinea	0	0	0
Pitcairn	0	0	0
Samoa	0	0	0
Solomon Islands	0	0	0
Tokelau	0	0	0
Tonga	0	0	0
Tuvalu	0	0	0
United States Minor Outlying Islands	0	0	0
Vanuatu	0	0	10
Wallis and Futuna	15	15	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 40	15	0	10
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 41	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
First generation^Footnote 42	1,204,895	590,175	614,720
Second generation^Footnote 43	792,080	399,535	392,545
Third generation or more^Footnote 44	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Total visible minority population^Footnote 46	1,032,365	505,175	527,190
South Asian^Footnote 47	90,330	46,745	43,585
Chinese	99,505	44,370	55,135
Black	319,225	154,110	165,115
Filipino	34,910	14,275	20,640
Latin American	133,915	64,660	69,255
Arab	213,740	113,420	100,320
Southeast Asian^Footnote 48	62,825	29,960	32,865
West Asian^Footnote 49	32,400	16,195	16,205
Korean	8,055	3,860	4,190
Japanese	4,570	1,750	2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 50	9,840	4,670	5,170
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 51	23,040	11,155	11,885
Not a visible minority^Footnote 52	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,825
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 53	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins	359,425	172,440	186,985
First Nations (North American Indian)	289,615	137,545	152,060
Inuit	17,180	8,300	8,875
Métis	61,265	30,920	30,340
Other North American origins	4,850,145	2,390,540	2,459,605
Acadian	34,785	16,440	18,345
American	45,045	21,465	23,580
Canadian	4,647,835	2,288,275	2,359,560
New Brunswicker	750	370	385
Newfoundlander	570	280	290
Nova Scotian	365	155	210
Ontarian	1,350	660	690
Québécois	184,010	93,895	90,115
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 54	205	105	100
European origins	3,037,885	1,511,060	1,526,825
British Isles origins	745,715	360,140	385,575
Channel Islander	1,445	725	720
Cornish	70	30	35
English	228,520	111,855	116,665
Irish	446,215	211,550	234,660
Manx	200	100	100
Scottish	215,025	103,395	111,635
Welsh	10,765	5,075	5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 55	32,525	15,440	17,085
French origins	1,878,795	941,770	937,025
Alsatian	1,045	525	520
Breton	11,135	5,415	5,725
Corsican	1,270	690	580
French	1,870,545	937,665	932,880
Western European origins (except French origins)	244,375	119,115	125,260
Austrian	12,710	6,285	6,430
Bavarian	45	25	15
Belgian	51,340	25,295	26,050
Dutch	26,000	12,805	13,195
Flemish	1,340	655	685
Frisian	20	15	0
German	142,225	68,250	73,975
Luxembourger	910	450	465
Swiss	24,500	12,615	11,890
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 56	120	75	45
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,465	12,485	12,980
Danish	5,700	2,810	2,885
Finnish	3,130	1,435	1,695
Icelandic	955	485	470
Norwegian	7,820	3,835	3,980
Swedish	6,840	3,275	3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 57	2,495	1,265	1,230
Eastern European origins	249,945	121,655	128,285
Bulgarian	9,570	4,670	4,895
Byelorussian	2,525	1,230	1,290
Czech	6,290	2,965	3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 58	2,150	1,100	1,050
Estonian	895	460	430
Hungarian	28,280	13,970	14,310
Latvian	1,740	830	905
Lithuanian	6,630	3,320	3,300
Moldovan	7,620	3,715	3,905
Polish	79,040	38,710	40,330
Romanian	53,060	25,935	27,125
Russian	55,235	26,400	28,830
Slovak	4,770	2,375	2,395
Ukrainian	42,550	20,575	21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 59	2,900	1,505	1,400
Southern European origins	549,750	273,675	276,075
Albanian	3,760	1,955	1,805
Bosnian	2,975	1,485	1,490
Catalan	735	395	340
Croatian	6,750	3,375	3,370
Cypriot	485	245	240
Greek	71,330	36,240	35,090
Italian	326,700	162,655	164,045
Kosovar	505	290	210
Macedonian	775	405	375
Maltese	1,220	615	605
Montenegrin	450	245	205
Portuguese	69,805	34,825	34,980
Serbian	5,950	2,915	3,035
Sicilian	1,440	715	725
Slovenian	2,510	1,230	1,280
Spanish	85,360	41,745	43,620
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 60	3,270	1,595	1,675
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 61	300	160	145
Other European origins	38,675	19,870	18,800
Basque	3,620	1,930	1,690
Jewish	25,235	12,955	12,280
Roma (Gypsy)	470	270	205
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 62	360	180	180
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 63	9,215	4,690	4,530
Caribbean origins	201,630	93,935	107,690
Antiguan	380	170	205
Bahamian	430	210	225
Barbadian	5,570	2,585	2,985
Bermudan	115	45	65
Carib	410	155	255
Cuban	9,830	4,800	5,030
Dominican	11,555	5,320	6,235
Grenadian	1,965	795	1,170
Guadeloupean	1,010	475	530
Haitian	143,165	66,240	76,925
Jamaican	14,100	6,785	7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian	360	200	160
Martinican	1,775	820	950
Montserratan	245	140	105
Puerto Rican	525	270	260
St. Lucian	855	455	405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,585	2,930	3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian	4,015	1,695	2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 64	5,635	2,610	3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 65	4,200	1,995	2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins	167,280	81,215	86,070
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,100	2,885	3,210
Arawak	180	60	125
Argentinian	4,950	2,490	2,460
Belizean	80	40	40
Bolivian	1,735	820	915
Brazilian	8,345	4,075	4,270
Chilean	14,060	7,055	7,005
Colombian	33,965	15,915	18,050
Costa Rican	1,180	575	605
Ecuadorian	2,725	1,255	1,470
Guatemalan	10,175	5,380	4,795
Guyanese	3,670	1,810	1,860
Hispanic	1,155	570	585
Honduran	4,335	2,135	2,205
Maya	1,670	935	735
Mexican	26,930	13,185	13,750
Nicaraguan	2,805	1,360	1,450
Panamanian	1,465	755	710
Paraguayan	365	160	205
Peruvian	19,735	9,240	10,495
Salvadorean	19,200	9,535	9,670
Uruguayan	1,755	820	940
Venezuelan	7,480	3,430	4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 66	5,845	2,965	2,880
African origins	382,665	196,910	185,755
Central and West African origins	86,695	44,720	41,975
Akan	630	325	305
Angolan	880	430	455
Ashanti	120	90	35
Beninese	4,130	2,215	1,910
Burkinabe	2,465	1,325	1,145
Cameroonian	17,100	8,630	8,465
Chadian	1,045	525	520
Congolese	20,210	9,960	10,245
Edo	105	60	45
Ewe	465	260	195
Gabonese	1,160	545	620
Gambian	145	95	55
Ghanaian	3,235	1,660	1,575
Guinean	5,255	2,765	2,490
Ibo	190	100	90
Ivorian	8,545	4,350	4,195
Liberian	155	60	90
Malian	3,535	1,755	1,780
Malinké	635	340	290
Nigerian	2,820	1,510	1,310
Peulh	2,110	1,085	1,025
Senegalese	8,255	4,420	3,840
Sierra Leonean	105	60	55
Togolese	4,085	2,210	1,875
Wolof	665	390	270
Yoruba	465	225	240
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 67	6,960	3,685	3,275
North African origins	225,130	117,725	107,405
Algerian	60,380	31,185	29,190
Berber	33,825	17,840	15,990
Coptic	690	380	305
Dinka	20	10	15
Egyptian	29,400	15,300	14,105
Libyan	1,080	595	485
Maure	530	285	240
Moroccan	85,940	44,520	41,420
Sudanese	370	220	150
Tunisian	21,470	11,775	9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 68	3,340	1,845	1,490
Southern and East African origins	28,925	14,225	14,705
Afrikaner	115	75	40
Amhara	65	30	35
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 69	1,905	1,040	865
Burundian	6,010	2,945	3,075
Djiboutian	450	205	250
Eritrean	580	295	290
Ethiopian	1,575	785	790
Harari	20	10	10
Kenyan	530	275	260
Malagasy	3,735	1,810	1,920
Mauritian	3,700	1,740	1,960
Oromo	20	10	10
Rwandan	5,130	2,450	2,685
Seychellois	770	350	425
Somali	1,785	865	915
South African	905	485	415
Tanzanian	325	190	140
Tigrian	95	40	55
Ugandan	295	130	160
Zambian	45	15	25
Zimbabwean	300	155	150
Zulu	70	40	30
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 70	1,795	915	875
Other African origins	46,810	22,845	23,965
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 71	3,800	1,845	1,945
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 72	43,785	21,415	22,370
Asian origins	563,150	275,170	287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240,790	123,985	116,810
Afghan	10,940	5,550	5,395
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 73	44,875	23,680	21,200
Armenian	27,380	13,510	13,870
Assyrian	365	200	165
Azerbaijani	555	295	255
Georgian	640	290	345
Hazara	385	190	195
Iranian	25,530	12,840	12,690
Iraqi	5,520	2,780	2,740
Israeli	6,060	3,235	2,830
Jordanian	1,605	840	770
Kazakh	620	300	325
Kurd	2,130	1,175	955
Kuwaiti	100	50	50
Kyrgyz	265	140	120
Lebanese	78,140	40,690	37,450
Palestinian	6,865	3,520	3,350
Pashtun	515	280	235
Saudi Arabian	645	390	255
Syrian	27,465	13,845	13,620
Tajik	390	175	210
Tatar	915	430	485
Turk	15,060	7,520	7,545
Turkmen	65	45	20
Uighur	375	180	195
Uzbek	465	210	255
Yemeni	805	450	355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 74	2,460	1,385	1,080
South Asian origins	95,670	48,925	46,750
Bangladeshi	7,075	3,625	3,450
Bengali	4,125	2,030	2,095
Bhutanese	420	205	215
East Indian	51,650	26,510	25,140
Goan	215	100	115
Gujarati	420	210	215
Kashmiri	260	155	105
Nepali	930	460	470
Pakistani	13,535	7,000	6,535
Punjabi	2,970	1,675	1,295
Sinhalese	310	135	170
Sri Lankan	14,750	7,305	7,450
Tamil	3,100	1,610	1,490
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 75	2,135	1,190	945
East and Southeast Asian origins	229,985	103,805	126,175
Burmese	530	270	260
Cambodian (Khmer)	15,350	7,360	7,985
Chinese	121,450	54,590	66,850
Filipino	37,910	15,590	22,320
Hmong	30	10	20
Indonesian	1,325	570	750
Japanese	6,495	2,620	3,875
Karen	100	60	45
Korean	8,740	4,160	4,580
Laotian	7,630	3,860	3,770
Malaysian	645	305	340
Mongolian	965	475	490
Singaporean	105	60	45
Taiwanese	2,205	940	1,265
Thai	2,695	1,065	1,630
Tibetan	80	45	35
Vietnamese	43,080	20,795	22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 76	275	125	150
Other Asian origins	1,765	910	860
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 77	1,770	910	865
Oceania origins	3,250	1,730	1,520
Australian	2,060	1,125	935
New Zealander	490	245	245
Pacific Islands origins	790	405	385
Fijian	70	30	45
Hawaiian	60	35	25
Maori	90	55	35
Samoan	15	15	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 78	290	145	140
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 79	300	155	145
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 80	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,323,065	674,955	648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 81	1,426,980	674,820	752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,120,730	681,515	439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 82	806,580	435,085	371,500
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 83	314,150	246,430	67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165,510	506,775	658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	236,255	93,685	142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,361,735	628,295	733,440
Bachelor's degree	872,060	384,280	487,785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	118,955	54,260	64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	39,045	19,860	19,185
Master's degree	281,210	139,280	141,930
Earned doctorate^Footnote 84	50,460	30,615	19,840
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 85	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 86	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,275
Education	273,315	62,470	210,845
13. Education	273,315	62,470	210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	156,720	71,480	85,235
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25,385	18,285	7,100
50. Visual and performing arts	131,340	53,200	78,140
Humanities	215,735	86,060	129,670
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	32,180	7,165	25,015
23. English language and literature/letters	12,900	4,065	8,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	103,115	42,685	60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 87	880	395	485
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10,400	6,645	3,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,130	6,200	3,930
54. History	17,055	9,990	7,070
55. French language and literature/letters	29,070	8,915	20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	381,000	125,025	255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	1,165	3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	48,530	16,690	31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	77,470	6,070	71,395
22. Legal professions and studies	67,185	25,790	41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 88	9,905	2,035	7,875
42. Psychology	57,335	14,030	43,300
45. Social sciences	116,255	59,245	57,015
Business, management and public administration	879,190	321,450	557,735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	815	300	525
44. Public administration and social service professions	47,710	10,485	37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830,660	310,670	519,995
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140,995	76,780	64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	49,705	20,900	28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	23,215	13,865	9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 89	21,890	10,815	11,080
40. Physical sciences	39,060	27,545	11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	7,125	3,660	3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,105	104,850	47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125,480	92,735	32,750
25. Library science	11,110	2,145	8,960
27. Mathematics and statistics	13,415	8,360	5,050
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 90	2,100	1,605	495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	828,400	758,350	70,055
04. Architecture and related services	29,015	17,055	11,960
14. Engineering	150,455	124,590	25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150,640	135,445	15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	55	20	35
46. Construction trades	185,385	179,995	5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	184,275	178,505	5,770
48. Precision production	128,580	122,750	5,835
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85,485	56,900	28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	51,770	30,875	20,895
03. Natural resources and conservation	33,710	26,025	7,690
Health and related fields	480,225	95,455	384,775
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,960	14,680	13,280
51. Health professions and related programs	441,105	74,635	366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,165	6,145	5,025
Personal, protective and transportation services	290,010	151,070	138,935
12. Personal and culinary services	164,590	43,720	120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	290	275	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,340	1,245	95
43. Security and protective services	54,620	42,410	12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	69,160	63,425	5,740
Other	1,055	380	680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,055	380	680
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 92	3,884,230	1,910,260	1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence	3,367,195	1,642,925	1,724,265
Different than province or territory of residence	142,410	73,800	68,615
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 93	374,620	193,535	181,090
United States^Footnote 94	28,325	16,915	11,405
Philippines	12,515	3,600	8,920
India	6,805	3,660	3,145
United Kingdom^Footnote 95	11,250	6,530	4,715
China^Footnote 96	17,155	7,760	9,395
France	69,665	39,885	29,780
Other	228,910	115,185	113,725
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 97	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
In the labour force	4,255,500	2,214,730	2,040,765
Employed	3,949,330	2,037,105	1,912,225
Unemployed	306,175	177,630	128,540
Not in the labour force	2,378,780	1,045,305	1,333,480
Participation rate	64.1	67.9	60.5
Employment rate	59.5	62.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.2	8.0	6.3
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 98	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
Did not work^Footnote 99	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655
Worked	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,590
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 100	2,084,015	1,145,805	938,210
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 101	2,321,950	1,146,570	1,175,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^Footnote 102	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 103	101,485	51,640	49,850
All classes of workers^Footnote 104	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
Employee	3,664,920	1,863,735	1,801,185
Self-employed^Footnote 105	489,090	299,360	189,730
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 106	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 107	101,485	51,640	49,845
All occupations^Footnote 108	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
0 Management occupations	418,455	263,580	154,870
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	677,390	210,525	466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	286,275	222,375	63,895
3 Health occupations	295,765	57,160	238,605
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	502,950	147,145	355,800
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135,735	64,370	71,365
6 Sales and service occupations	988,605	449,815	538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	574,670	544,105	30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	67,295	55,610	11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	206,880	148,400	58,475
Total Labour Force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^Footnote 109	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^Footnote 110	101,490	51,640	49,845
All industry categories^Footnote 111	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	84,060	60,460	23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20,920	18,175	2,745
22 Utilities	28,405	20,650	7,755
23 Construction	254,055	223,770	30,285
31-33 Manufacturing	458,315	332,075	126,240
41 Wholesale trade	157,360	104,885	52,475
44-45 Retail trade	508,170	239,620	268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	187,550	142,550	45,000
51 Information and cultural industries	100,780	59,705	41,070
52 Finance and insurance	165,140	66,175	98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	61,375	36,505	24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	288,710	161,030	127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,310	1,270	2,040
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	176,185	108,285	67,905
61 Educational services	306,580	96,170	210,405
62 Health care and social assistance	532,680	99,380	433,300
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	84,130	44,230	39,895
72 Accommodation and food services	278,495	123,235	155,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	193,700	89,455	104,240
91 Public administration	264,085	135,455	128,630
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 112	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655
English	541,720	294,940	246,780
French	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,635
Non-official language	34,160	17,190	16,970
English and French	315,620	169,360	146,260
English and non-official language	6,545	3,660	2,890
French and non-official language	7,525	3,460	4,065
English, French and non-official language	12,210	6,155	6,055

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the 'principal applicant' or 'secondary applicant' on the application for permanent residence.'Secondary applicant' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980, and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 2

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 3

In households where there is at least one person living with a child and a grandchild.

Footnote 4

In households that are not multigenerational where there is one census family with additional persons or more than one census family.

Footnote 5

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 8

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 9

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 10

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 11

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 12

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 14

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 15

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 16

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 17

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 20

The official name of Bolivia is Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Footnote 21

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 22

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 23

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

The official name of Kosovo is Republic of Kosovo.

Footnote 26

Macedonia, Republic of: known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by the United Nations and other international bodies.

Footnote 27

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 28

The official name of Saint Helena is Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Footnote 29

The official name of Tanzania is United Republic of Tanzania.

Footnote 30

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 31

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 32

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 33

West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine): West Bank and Gaza Strip are the territories referred to in the Declaration of Principles, signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993. Palestine refers to pre-1948 British mandate Palestine.

Footnote 34

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 35

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 36

The official name of North Korea is Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The full name of Macao is Macao Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 39

The official name of Laos is Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Footnote 40

Includes other places of birth not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea'.

Footnote 41

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 42

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 43

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 44

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 45

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 47

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 48

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 49

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 50

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 51

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 52

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 53

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 54

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 55

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 56

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 57

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 58

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 59

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 60

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 61

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 62

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 63

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 64

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 65

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 66

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 67

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 68

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 69

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 70

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 71

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 72

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 73

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 74

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 75

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 76

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 77

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 78

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 79

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 80

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 81

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 82

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 83

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 84

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 85

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 86

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 87

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 88

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 89

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 90

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 91

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 92

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 93

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 94

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 95

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 96

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 97

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 98

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 99

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 100

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 101

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 102

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Footnote 103

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 104

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 105

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 106

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 107

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 108

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 109

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Footnote 110

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 111

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 112

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Data quality note(s) – Quebec / Québec

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.3%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016203.