Visible Minority (15), Age (15A), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (900) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Visible minority (15): Total - Visible minority
• Age (15A): Total - Age

This table details visible minority , age , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics for the population in private households in Port Hope

Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (900)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total - Household type of person for the population in private households - 25% sample data	16,280	7,935	8,350
Persons in one-census-family households without additional persons	12,420	6,185	6,230
In a couple census family without children (no other persons present in the household)	4,630	2,315	2,320
In a couple census family with children (no other persons present in the household)	6,270	3,205	3,065
In a lone-parent census family (no other persons present in the household)	1,520	665	855
Persons in multigenerational households^Footnote 2	865	410	450
Persons in other census family households^Footnote 3	690	335	355
Persons in two-or-more-person non-census-family households	390	225	160
Persons living alone (one-person households)	1,920	775	1,145
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	14,105	6,855	7,250
Married or living common law	8,705	4,335	4,360
Married	7,170	3,585	3,580
Living common law	1,535	755	780
Not married and not living common law	5,405	2,515	2,890
Never married	3,110	1,770	1,345
Separated	425	185	240
Divorced	1,020	385	640
Widowed	845	175	670
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 5	16,190	7,885	8,300
Non-movers	14,230	6,940	7,290
Movers	1,955	945	1,015
Non-migrants	685	330	355
Migrants	1,280	615	660
Internal migrants	1,245	590	650
Intraprovincial migrants	1,130	535	595
Interprovincial migrants	115	55	60
External migrants	30	20	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 6	15,630	7,600	8,030
Non-movers	10,045	4,920	5,125
Movers	5,585	2,680	2,905
Non-migrants	1,965	965	1,000
Migrants	3,625	1,715	1,905
Internal migrants	3,465	1,650	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	3,275	1,555	1,720
Interprovincial migrants	185	90	90
External migrants	160	65	95
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 7	16,285	7,935	8,350
English	16,065	7,835	8,230
French	180	80	100
English and French	10	0	10
Neither English nor French	35	15	15
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 8	180	80	100
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 9	1.1	1.0	1.2
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 10	16,280	7,935	8,350
English	15,280	7,480	7,800
French	185	85	100
Non-official language	745	330	410
English and French	20	0	15
English and non-official language	60	35	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 11	16,285	7,930	8,350
English	15,905	7,775	8,130
French	35	20	20
Non-official language	210	90	125
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language	120	45	75
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Number of languages known for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	16,285	7,930	8,350
Knowledge of one language	14,195	7,015	7,180
English only	14,155	6,995	7,160
French only	0	0	0
Non-official language only	35	20	15
Knowledge of more than one language	2,090	920	1,170
English and French only	1,055	450	600
English, French and one or more non-official languages	145	65	80
English and one or more non official languages	885	395	490
French and one or more non official languages	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages only	0	10	0
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 13	16,285	7,935	8,350
Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	16,045	7,835	8,210
Canadian citizens only	15,600	7,640	7,965
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	435	195	245
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 15	240	100	140
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 16	16,285	7,935	8,350
Non-immigrants^Footnote 17	14,485	7,115	7,370
Immigrants^Footnote 18	1,745	780	970
Before 1981	1,280	570	710
1981 to 1990	145	55	90
1991 to 2000	180	95	80
2001 to 2010	105	50	60
2001 to 2005	45	20	20
2006 to 2010	65	30	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 19	40	10	30
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	50	35	20
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	1,745	780	965
Under 5 years	285	130	160
5 to 14 years	420	170	255
15 to 24 years	420	195	220
25 to 44 years	555	265	290
45 years and over	60	20	35
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	505	225	280
Economic immigrants^Footnote 23	200	95	105
Principal applicants^Footnote 24	80	45	35
Secondary applicants^Footnote 25	115	50	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 26	250	105	145
Refugees^Footnote 27	60	30	30
Other immigrants^Footnote 28	0	0	0
Total - Place of birth for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 29	16,285	7,935	8,350
Born in Canada	14,420	7,100	7,325
Born outside Canada	1,860	835	1,025
Americas	335	140	200
North America	165	55	105
Greenland	0	0	0
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 30	160	60	105
Central America	30	10	20
Belize	0	0	0
Costa Rica	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guatemala	0	0	0
Honduras	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10
Nicaragua	0	0	0
Panama	0	0	0
Caribbean and Bermuda	90	45	40
Anguilla	0	0	0
Antigua and Barbuda	0	0	0
Aruba	0	0	0
Bahamas	0	0	0
Barbados	20	15	0
Bermuda	0	0	0
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	0	0	0
Cayman Islands	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0
Curaçao	0	0	0
Dominica	0	0	0
Dominican Republic	0	0	0
Grenada	0	0	0
Guadeloupe	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0
Jamaica	30	15	15
Martinique	0	0	0
Montserrat	0	0	0
Puerto Rico	0	0	0
Saint Barthélemy	0	0	0
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	0	0
Saint Lucia	0	0	0
Saint Martin (French part)	0	0	0
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0	10
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	10
Turks and Caicos Islands	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, British	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, United States	0	0	0
South America	55	20	30
Argentina	10	0	0
Bolivia^Footnote 31	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10
Ecuador	0	0	0
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	0	0	0
French Guiana	0	0	0
Guyana	20	10	10
Paraguay	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	0	0	0
Suriname	0	0	0
Uruguay	10	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	15	10	10
Europe	1,195	560	635
Western Europe	195	105	90
Austria	15	10	0
Belgium	10	10	0
France	10	0	10
Germany	95	35	55
Liechtenstein	0	0	0
Luxembourg	0	0	0
Monaco	0	0	0
Netherlands	70	55	15
Switzerland	10	0	10
Eastern Europe	100	50	55
Belarus	0	0	0
Bulgaria	0	0	0
Czech Republic	0	0	0
Estonia	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	15
Latvia	0	0	0
Lithuania	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0
Poland	35	20	20
Romania	35	10	15
Russian Federation	10	10	0
Slovakia	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Northern Europe	765	340	425
Åland Islands	0	0	0
Denmark	0	0	0
Faroe Islands	0	0	0
Finland	15	0	0
Guernsey	0	0	0
Iceland	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 34	35	10	20
Isle of Man	0	0	0
Jersey	0	0	0
Norway	0	0	0
Sark	0	0	0
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	0	0	0
Sweden	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	715	315	395
Southern Europe	135	70	65
Albania	0	0	0
Andorra	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0
Gibraltar	0	0	0
Greece	15	15	10
Holy See (Vatican City State)	0	0	0
Italy	45	20	25
Kosovo^Footnote 36	0	0	0
Macedonia, Republic of^Footnote 37	10	0	0
Malta	15	10	10
Montenegro	0	0	0
Portugal	25	15	10
San Marino	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 38	0	0	0
Slovenia	0	0	0
Spain	10	0	0
Africa	30	10	20
Western Africa	0	0	10
Benin	0	0	0
Burkina Faso	0	0	0
Cabo Verde	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Gambia	0	0	0
Ghana	0	0	0
Guinea	0	0	0
Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0
Liberia	0	0	0
Mali	0	0	0
Mauritania	0	0	0
Niger	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Saint Helena^Footnote 39	0	0	0
Senegal	0	0	0
Sierra Leone	0	0	0
Togo	0	0	0
Eastern Africa	10	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Comoros	0	0	0
Djibouti	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0
Madagascar	0	0	0
Malawi	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0
Mayotte	0	0	0
Mozambique	0	0	0
Réunion	0	0	0
Rwanda	0	0	0
Seychelles	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Sudan	0	0	0
Tanzania^Footnote 40	0	0	0
Uganda	0	0	0
Zambia	0	0	0
Zimbabwe	0	0	0
Northern Africa	10	10	0
Algeria	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Libya	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0
Sudan^Footnote 41	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Western Sahara	0	0	0
Central Africa	0	0	0
Angola	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Central African Republic	0	0	0
Chad	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Congo, Republic of the	0	0	0
Equatorial Guinea	0	0	0
Gabon	0	0	0
Sao Tome and Principe	0	0	0
Southern Africa	10	0	10
Botswana	0	0	0
Lesotho	0	0	0
Namibia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10
Swaziland	0	0	0
Asia	285	110	170
West Central Asia and the Middle East	15	0	10
Afghanistan	10	10	0
Armenia	0	0	0
Azerbaijan	0	0	0
Bahrain	0	0	0
Cyprus	0	0	0
Georgia	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 42	0	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Kazakhstan	0	0	0
Kuwait	0	0	0
Kyrgyzstan	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Oman	0	0	0
Qatar	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 43	0	0	0
Tajikistan	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
Turkmenistan	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0
Uzbekistan	0	0	0
West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine)^Footnote 44	0	0	0
Yemen	0	0	0
Eastern Asia	85	20	65
China^Footnote 45	50	15	35
Hong Kong^Footnote 46	10	0	10
Japan	10	0	10
Korea, North^Footnote 47	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 48	15	0	10
Macao^Footnote 49	0	0	0
Mongolia	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Southeast Asia	55	15	40
Brunei Darussalam	0	0	0
Burma (Myanmar)	0	0	0
Cambodia	0	0	0
Indonesia	0	0	0
Laos^Footnote 50	0	0	0
Malaysia	10	0	10
Philippines	55	15	35
Singapore	0	0	0
Thailand	0	0	0
Timor-Leste	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Southern Asia	130	70	60
Bangladesh	15	10	10
Bhutan	0	0	0
British Indian Ocean Territory	0	0	0
India	65	35	30
Maldives	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10
Sri Lanka	25	10	15
Oceania	15	10	10
American Samoa	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	10
Christmas Island	0	0	0
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	0	0	0
Cook Islands	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0
French Polynesia	0	0	0
Guam	0	0	0
Kiribati	0	0	0
Marshall Islands	0	0	0
Micronesia, Federated States of	0	0	0
Nauru	0	0	0
New Caledonia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Niue	0	0	0
Norfolk Island	0	0	0
Northern Mariana Islands	0	0	0
Palau	0	0	0
Papua New Guinea	0	0	0
Pitcairn	0	0	0
Samoa	0	0	0
Solomon Islands	0	0	0
Tokelau	0	0	0
Tonga	0	0	0
Tuvalu	0	0	0
United States Minor Outlying Islands	0	0	0
Vanuatu	0	0	0
Wallis and Futuna	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 51	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 52	16,285	7,930	8,350
First generation^Footnote 53	1,860	835	1,025
Second generation^Footnote 54	2,645	1,275	1,370
Third generation or more^Footnote 55	11,775	5,825	5,955
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 56	16,285	7,935	8,350
North American Aboriginal origins	575	245	335
First Nations (North American Indian)	465	205	265
Inuit	0	0	0
Métis	125	40	80
Other North American origins	6,250	3,110	3,140
Acadian	45	15	30
American	275	145	130
Canadian	6,045	3,005	3,040
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	25	30
Nova Scotian	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 57	0	0	0
European origins	12,790	6,165	6,620
British Isles origins	10,580	5,080	5,505
Channel Islander	20	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0
English	6,570	3,090	3,480
Irish	4,215	1,965	2,255
Manx	0	0	0
Scottish	4,640	2,265	2,375
Welsh	440	200	240
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 58	750	340	410
French origins	1,815	790	1,025
Alsatian	20	0	10
Breton	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0
French	1,800	785	1,015
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,220	1,120	1,105
Austrian	85	40	40
Bavarian	0	0	0
Belgian	35	20	15
Dutch	855	460	395
Flemish	10	10	0
Frisian	20	10	10
German	1,295	625	670
Luxembourger	0	10	0
Swiss	50	25	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 59	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	435	235	200
Danish	80	45	30
Finnish	80	50	35
Icelandic	10	10	10
Norwegian	115	45	70
Swedish	140	85	60
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 60	30	20	10
Eastern European origins	1,025	495	535
Bulgarian	0	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 61	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Hungarian	150	85	70
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Polish	400	200	195
Romanian	45	20	30
Russian	105	40	70
Slovak	20	10	10
Ukrainian	375	190	190
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 62	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,080	535	545
Albanian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Croatian	50	35	25
Cypriot	0	0	0
Greek	90	50	40
Italian	575	275	295
Kosovar	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	20
Maltese	70	55	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	70	70
Serbian	10	10	0
Sicilian	20	10	10
Slovenian	35	10	20
Spanish	100	40	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 63	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 64	0	0	0
Other European origins	120	60	60
Basque	0	0	0
Jewish	35	25	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 65	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 66	65	30	35
Caribbean origins	155	70	85
Antiguan	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	20	25
Bermudan	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0
Jamaican	45	15	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	20	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 67	20	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 68	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	135	60	75
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	15
Belizean	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10
Colombian	10	0	10
Costa Rican	20	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	10	25
Hispanic	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0
Mexican	25	10	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 69	0	0	0
African origins	80	45	30
Central and West African origins	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 70	0	0	0
North African origins	15	15	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 71	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	20	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 72	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
South African	20	20	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 73	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 74	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 75	15	10	10
Asian origins	505	220	290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	90	40	50
Afghan	15	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 76	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	15	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 77	0	0	0
South Asian origins	185	100	90
Bangladeshi	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0
East Indian	110	65	45
Goan	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	10
Punjabi	20	15	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	15	10	10
Tamil	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 78	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	230	75	150
Burmese	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Chinese	105	40	65
Filipino	85	25	65
Hmong	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15
Karen	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 79	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 80	0	0	0
Oceania origins	40	25	15
Australian	35	15	15
New Zealander	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 81	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	14,105	6,855	7,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,365	1,295	1,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 84	4,350	2,145	2,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,390	3,420	3,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,205	920	285
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 85	480	310	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 86	725	610	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,635	1,440	2,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	115	155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,275	945	1,335
Bachelor's degree	1,690	620	1,070
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	60	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	45	10
Master's degree	370	190	175
Earned doctorate^Footnote 87	50	25	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 88	14,105	6,855	7,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 89	6,720	3,440	3,280
Education	485	150	340
13. Education	485	150	340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	145	185
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	50	15
50. Visual and performing arts	265	95	170
Humanities	440	170	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	200	65	135
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 90	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10
54. History	75	40	35
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	980	265	715
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	20	205
22. Legal professions and studies	215	50	165
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 91	30	10	25
42. Psychology	125	15	105
45. Social sciences	320	145	170
Business, management and public administration	1,255	360	890
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	20	170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,065	345	720
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	95	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	35	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 92	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	45	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	115	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	85	40
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 93	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,645	1,550	95
04. Architecture and related services	55	35	20
14. Engineering	125	115	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	395	365	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	445	440	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	425	400	25
48. Precision production	200	195	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	155	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	95	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	60	10
Health and related fields	1,185	170	1,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	30	95
51. Health professions and related programs	1,045	130	915
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	490	250	240
12. Personal and culinary services	230	50	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	185	120	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0
Other	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 94	14,105	6,855	7,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,715	3,440	3,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 95	7,390	3,420	3,970
Location of study inside Canada	6,855	3,135	3,715
Same as province or territory of residence	6,405	2,890	3,515
Different than province or territory of residence	450	245	205
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 96	535	280	255
United States^Footnote 97	150	65	85
Philippines	20	10	10
India	15	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 98	200	115	85
China^Footnote 99	0	0	10
France	10	10	0
Other	145	85	55
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 100	14,105	6,855	7,250
In the labour force	8,440	4,385	4,050
Employed	7,865	4,095	3,775
Unemployed	570	295	275
Not in the labour force	5,670	2,470	3,195
Participation rate	59.8	64.0	55.9
Employment rate	55.8	59.7	52.1
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.7	6.8
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 101	14,105	6,855	7,250
Did not work^Footnote 102	5,305	2,210	3,090
Worked	8,800	4,640	4,160
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 103	4,420	2,575	1,845
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 104	4,380	2,070	2,315
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.9	42.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^Footnote 105	8,435	4,390	4,050
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 106	175	55	115
All classes of workers^Footnote 107	8,265	4,335	3,935
Employee	7,180	3,755	3,425
Self-employed^Footnote 108	1,080	575	510
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 109	8,440	4,385	4,055
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 110	170	55	115
All occupations^Footnote 111	8,265	4,335	3,935
0 Management occupations	840	465	370
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,065	305	760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	335	260	75
3 Health occupations	555	75	485
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	900	285	610
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	100	130
6 Sales and service occupations	2,155	910	1,245
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,430	1,350	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	185	160	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	570	420	155
Total Labour Force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^Footnote 112	8,435	4,390	4,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^Footnote 113	175	55	120
All industry categories^Footnote 114	8,265	4,335	3,935
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	170	105	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0
22 Utilities	240	195	45
23 Construction	705	640	65
31-33 Manufacturing	1,005	730	275
41 Wholesale trade	235	185	45
44-45 Retail trade	1,155	530	620
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285	235	55
51 Information and cultural industries	125	50	75
52 Finance and insurance	215	75	140
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	60	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	480	230	250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	175	160
61 Educational services	575	210	365
62 Health care and social assistance	960	100	860
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	180	85	90
72 Accommodation and food services	685	295	390
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	135	185
91 Public administration	455	260	195
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 115	9,035	4,735	4,300
English	8,960	4,695	4,265
French	20	10	15
Non-official language	15	10	0
English and French	0	10	0
English and non-official language	25	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	14,105	6,855	7,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,675	6,680	6,995
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,387	44,425	28,082
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,906	55,559	36,688
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,685	6,675	7,010
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,079	39,331	25,837
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,281	45,429	31,467
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,430	6,245	6,185
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,941	40,801	23,798
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,290	53,049	33,441
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,140	4,680	5,460
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,256	8,126	8,387
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,827	8,508	9,101
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,640	5,120	4,520
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,945	34,918	25,957
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,115	46,948	34,501
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 117	14,105	6,855	7,250
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	4,265	2,475	1,790
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 119	51,415	60,599	45,293
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 120	61,745	69,682	50,743
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 122	85.7	89.3	80.6
Employment income (%)^Footnote 123	63.1	64.8	60.8
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 124	14.3	10.7	19.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 125	14,105	6,860	7,250
Without total income	430	175	255
With total income	13,670	6,680	6,995
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.4	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,620	630	995
$10,000 to $19,999	2,395	940	1,455
$20,000 to $29,999	1,955	705	1,250
$30,000 to $39,999	1,620	690	925
$40,000 to $49,999	1,495	795	705
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140	610	530
$60,000 to $69,999	890	550	340
$70,000 to $79,999	625	420	205
$80,000 to $89,999	465	280	185
$90,000 to $99,999	370	230	140
$100,000 and over	1,095	830	260
$100,000 to $149,999	775	585	190
$150,000 and over	320	245	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 126	14,105	6,855	7,250
Without after-tax income	420	180	240
With after-tax income	13,685	6,675	7,010
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,725	640	1,085
$10,000 to $19,999	2,510	1,005	1,505
$20,000 to $29,999	2,220	855	1,365
$30,000 to $39,999	1,975	905	1,070
$40,000 to $49,999	1,710	910	795
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	655	455
$60,000 to $69,999	785	550	235
$70,000 to $79,999	570	330	240
$80,000 and over	1,090	835	255
$80,000 to $89,999	390	275	115
$90,000 to $99,999	220	170	50
$100,000 and over	485	390	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	14,105	6,855	7,250
Without employment income	4,465	1,735	2,730
With employment income	9,640	5,125	4,515
Percentage with employment income	68.3	74.8	62.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,690	970	720
$5,000 to $9,999	775	335	445
$10,000 to $19,999	1,310	605	705
$20,000 to $29,999	1,055	430	620
$30,000 to $39,999	960	420	545
$40,000 to $49,999	870	450	420
$50,000 to $59,999	625	310	320
$60,000 to $69,999	545	315	235
$70,000 to $79,999	380	255	130
$80,000 and over	1,430	1,050	380
$80,000 to $89,999	325	200	125
$90,000 to $99,999	290	190	100
$100,000 and over	815	660	160
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 128	16,280	7,935	8,350
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,430	3,465	3,960
In the bottom decile	1,135	515	625
In the second decile	1,505	645	855
In the third decile	1,435	670	760
In the fourth decile	1,665	815	855
In the fifth decile	1,690	820	865
In the top half of the distribution	8,855	4,470	4,385
In the sixth decile	2,070	1,020	1,050
In the seventh decile	1,655	845	810
In the eighth decile	1,690	870	825
In the ninth decile	1,870	930	940
In the top decile	1,570	810	760
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	16,285	7,935	8,350
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,835	775	1,060
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.3	9.8	12.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	690	335	360
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 2

In households where there is at least one person living with a child and a grandchild.

Footnote 3

In households that are not multigenerational where there is one census family with additional persons or more than one census family.

Footnote 4

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 5

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 8

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 9

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 10

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 11

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 12

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 14

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 15

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 16

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 18

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 20

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 22

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 24

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 25

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 26

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 27

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 28

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 29

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 30

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 31

The official name of Bolivia is Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

The official name of Kosovo is Republic of Kosovo.

Footnote 37

Macedonia, Republic of: known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by the United Nations and other international bodies.

Footnote 38

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 39

The official name of Saint Helena is Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Footnote 40

The official name of Tanzania is United Republic of Tanzania.

Footnote 41

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 42

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 43

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 44

West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine): West Bank and Gaza Strip are the territories referred to in the Declaration of Principles, signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993. Palestine refers to pre-1948 British mandate Palestine.

Footnote 45

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 46

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 47

The official name of North Korea is Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Footnote 48

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 49

The full name of Macao is Macao Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 50

The official name of Laos is Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Footnote 51

Includes other places of birth not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea'.

Footnote 52

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 53

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 54

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 55

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 56

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 57

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 58

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 59

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 60

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 61

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 62

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 63

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 64

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 65

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 66

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 67

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 68

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 69

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 70

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 71

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 72

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 73

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 74

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 75

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 76

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 77

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 78

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 79

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 80

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 81

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 82

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 83

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 84

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 85

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 86

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 87

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 88

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 89

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 90

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 91

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 92

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 93

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 94

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 95

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 96

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 97

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 98

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 99

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 100

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 101

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 102

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 103

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 104

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 105

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Footnote 106

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 107

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 108

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 109

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 110

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 111

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 112

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Footnote 113

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 114

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 115

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 116

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 117

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 118

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 119

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 120

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 121

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 122

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 123

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 124

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 125

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 126

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 127

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 128

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 129

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Data quality note(s) – Port Hope

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016192.