Visible Minority (15), Age (15A), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (900) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Visible minority (15): Total - Visible minority
• Age (15A): Total - Age

This table details visible minority , age , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics for the population in private households in Wetaskiwin

Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (900)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total - Household type of person for the population in private households - 25% sample data	12,210	5,950	6,260
Persons in one-census-family households without additional persons	8,355	4,155	4,195
In a couple census family without children (no other persons present in the household)	2,625	1,315	1,305
In a couple census family with children (no other persons present in the household)	4,510	2,370	2,140
In a lone-parent census family (no other persons present in the household)	1,215	470	745
Persons in multigenerational households^Footnote 2	605	270	335
Persons in other census family households^Footnote 3	1,220	630	595
Persons in two-or-more-person non-census-family households	505	275	225
Persons living alone (one-person households)	1,525	615	910
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	9,850	4,720	5,135
Married or living common law	5,580	2,805	2,775
Married	4,465	2,235	2,230
Living common law	1,115	565	545
Not married and not living common law	4,270	1,910	2,360
Never married	2,480	1,380	1,095
Separated	290	115	175
Divorced	835	310	520
Widowed	665	100	560
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 5	12,095	5,890	6,205
Non-movers	9,805	4,800	5,005
Movers	2,290	1,085	1,205
Non-migrants	1,120	540	580
Migrants	1,170	545	625
Internal migrants	1,050	470	585
Intraprovincial migrants	875	390	490
Interprovincial migrants	180	80	95
External migrants	115	75	40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 6	11,410	5,510	5,900
Non-movers	5,905	2,860	3,050
Movers	5,505	2,650	2,855
Non-migrants	2,600	1,270	1,330
Migrants	2,905	1,380	1,525
Internal migrants	2,515	1,185	1,330
Intraprovincial migrants	1,840	880	960
Interprovincial migrants	670	305	365
External migrants	390	200	195
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 7	12,210	5,945	6,255
English	12,015	5,840	6,175
French	135	65	65
English and French	10	10	0
Neither English nor French	55	35	15
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 8	135	70	70
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 9	1.1	1.2	1.1
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 10	12,205	5,950	6,255
English	10,370	5,115	5,255
French	165	80	85
Non-official language	1,430	660	780
English and French	30	10	20
English and non-official language	210	90	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 11	12,210	5,945	6,255
English	11,275	5,505	5,765
French	40	15	25
Non-official language	595	275	315
English and French	10	10	10
English and non-official language	295	140	155
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Number of languages known for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	12,210	5,950	6,255
Knowledge of one language	9,970	4,935	5,040
English only	9,920	4,895	5,020
French only	0	0	0
Non-official language only	50	35	10
Knowledge of more than one language	2,240	1,015	1,225
English and French only	400	190	210
English, French and one or more non-official languages	40	20	15
English and one or more non official languages	1,785	800	990
French and one or more non official languages	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages only	10	10	0
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 13	12,210	5,945	6,260
Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	11,515	5,585	5,930
Canadian citizens only	11,390	5,530	5,860
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	125	60	70
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 15	690	360	330
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 16	12,210	5,950	6,260
Non-immigrants^Footnote 17	10,720	5,220	5,500
Immigrants^Footnote 18	1,320	635	680
Before 1981	405	190	210
1981 to 1990	65	30	30
1991 to 2000	180	90	90
2001 to 2010	245	115	130
2001 to 2005	140	65	75
2006 to 2010	105	55	55
2011 to 2016^Footnote 19	425	210	215
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	170	90	85
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	1,315	635	680
Under 5 years	100	55	45
5 to 14 years	270	135	130
15 to 24 years	275	115	165
25 to 44 years	570	285	285
45 years and over	110	50	55
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	925	450	475
Economic immigrants^Footnote 23	630	315	315
Principal applicants^Footnote 24	270	135	135
Secondary applicants^Footnote 25	360	180	180
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 26	240	115	130
Refugees^Footnote 27	55	25	30
Other immigrants^Footnote 28	0	0	0
Total - Place of birth for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 29	12,210	5,950	6,260
Born in Canada	10,675	5,200	5,480
Born outside Canada	1,535	750	780
Americas	220	110	110
North America	85	35	50
Greenland	0	0	0
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 30	90	35	50
Central America	80	45	35
Belize	0	0	0
Costa Rica	0	0	0
El Salvador	25	10	10
Guatemala	0	0	0
Honduras	0	0	0
Mexico	60	35	20
Nicaragua	0	0	0
Panama	0	0	0
Caribbean and Bermuda	10	0	10
Anguilla	0	0	0
Antigua and Barbuda	0	0	0
Aruba	0	0	0
Bahamas	0	0	0
Barbados	0	0	0
Bermuda	0	0	0
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	0	0	0
Cayman Islands	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Curaçao	0	0	0
Dominica	0	0	0
Dominican Republic	0	0	0
Grenada	0	0	0
Guadeloupe	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10
Martinique	0	0	0
Montserrat	0	0	0
Puerto Rico	0	0	0
Saint Barthélemy	0	0	0
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	0	0
Saint Lucia	0	0	0
Saint Martin (French part)	0	0	0
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	0	0
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0
Turks and Caicos Islands	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, British	0	0	0
Virgin Islands, United States	0	0	0
South America	40	25	15
Argentina	0	0	0
Bolivia^Footnote 31	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Ecuador	0	0	0
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	0	0	0
French Guiana	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0
Paraguay	10	10	10
Peru	10	10	0
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	0	0	0
Suriname	0	0	0
Uruguay	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	10	10	0
Europe	395	205	190
Western Europe	170	85	85
Austria	0	0	0
Belgium	10	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	125	60	65
Liechtenstein	0	0	0
Luxembourg	0	0	0
Monaco	0	0	0
Netherlands	40	20	25
Switzerland	0	0	0
Eastern Europe	65	30	35
Belarus	0	0	0
Bulgaria	0	0	0
Czech Republic	0	0	0
Estonia	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Latvia	0	0	0
Lithuania	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0
Poland	30	10	25
Romania	0	10	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10
Slovakia	0	10	0
Ukraine	10	10	10
Northern Europe	155	90	70
Åland Islands	0	0	0
Denmark	10	0	10
Faroe Islands	0	0	0
Finland	0	0	0
Guernsey	0	0	0
Iceland	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 34	15	10	10
Isle of Man	0	0	0
Jersey	0	0	0
Norway	10	10	0
Sark	0	0	0
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	0	0	0
Sweden	20	15	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	120	65	60
Southern Europe	0	0	0
Albania	0	0	0
Andorra	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
Gibraltar	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Holy See (Vatican City State)	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Kosovo^Footnote 36	0	0	0
Macedonia, Republic of^Footnote 37	0	0	0
Malta	0	0	0
Montenegro	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
San Marino	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 38	0	0	0
Slovenia	0	0	0
Spain	0	0	0
Africa	35	25	10
Western Africa	15	15	0
Benin	0	0	0
Burkina Faso	0	0	0
Cabo Verde	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Gambia	0	0	0
Ghana	0	0	0
Guinea	0	0	0
Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0
Liberia	0	0	0
Mali	0	0	0
Mauritania	0	0	0
Niger	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0
Saint Helena^Footnote 39	0	0	0
Senegal	0	0	0
Sierra Leone	0	0	0
Togo	0	0	0
Eastern Africa	20	10	10
Burundi	0	0	0
Comoros	0	0	0
Djibouti	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0
Madagascar	0	0	0
Malawi	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0
Mayotte	0	0	0
Mozambique	0	0	0
Réunion	0	0	0
Rwanda	0	0	0
Seychelles	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Sudan	10	0	0
Tanzania^Footnote 40	0	0	0
Uganda	10	0	0
Zambia	0	10	0
Zimbabwe	0	0	0
Northern Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Libya	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Sudan^Footnote 41	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Western Sahara	0	0	0
Central Africa	0	0	0
Angola	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Central African Republic	0	0	0
Chad	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Congo, Republic of the	0	0	0
Equatorial Guinea	0	0	0
Gabon	0	0	0
Sao Tome and Principe	0	0	0
Southern Africa	0	0	0
Botswana	0	0	0
Lesotho	0	0	0
Namibia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Swaziland	0	0	0
Asia	870	405	465
West Central Asia and the Middle East	80	50	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Armenia	0	0	0
Azerbaijan	0	0	0
Bahrain	0	0	0
Cyprus	0	0	0
Georgia	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 42	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Kazakhstan	15	0	0
Kuwait	0	0	0
Kyrgyzstan	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	30	15
Oman	0	0	0
Qatar	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 43	15	10	10
Tajikistan	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
Turkmenistan	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Uzbekistan	0	0	0
West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine)^Footnote 44	10	0	10
Yemen	0	0	0
Eastern Asia	85	40	45
China^Footnote 45	40	15	25
Hong Kong^Footnote 46	10	10	10
Japan	25	10	10
Korea, North^Footnote 47	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 48	20	0	10
Macao^Footnote 49	0	0	0
Mongolia	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Southeast Asia	570	245	325
Brunei Darussalam	0	0	0
Burma (Myanmar)	0	0	0
Cambodia	0	0	0
Indonesia	0	0	0
Laos^Footnote 50	0	0	0
Malaysia	0	0	0
Philippines	570	245	320
Singapore	0	0	0
Thailand	0	0	0
Timor-Leste	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Southern Asia	135	65	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Bhutan	0	0	0
British Indian Ocean Territory	0	0	0
India	75	40	35
Maldives	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10
Pakistan	50	25	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Oceania	10	0	10
American Samoa	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10
Christmas Island	0	0	0
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	0	0	0
Cook Islands	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0
French Polynesia	0	0	0
Guam	0	0	0
Kiribati	0	0	0
Marshall Islands	0	0	0
Micronesia, Federated States of	0	0	0
Nauru	0	0	0
New Caledonia	0	0	0
New Zealand	10	0	0
Niue	0	0	0
Norfolk Island	0	0	0
Northern Mariana Islands	0	0	0
Palau	0	0	0
Papua New Guinea	0	0	0
Pitcairn	0	0	0
Samoa	0	0	0
Solomon Islands	0	0	0
Tokelau	0	0	0
Tonga	0	0	0
Tuvalu	0	0	0
United States Minor Outlying Islands	0	0	0
Vanuatu	0	0	0
Wallis and Futuna	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 51	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 52	12,210	5,950	6,260
First generation^Footnote 53	1,530	750	785
Second generation^Footnote 54	2,005	965	1,035
Third generation or more^Footnote 55	8,675	4,230	4,445
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 56	12,210	5,950	6,260
North American Aboriginal origins	1,875	895	980
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,500	715	785
Inuit	30	10	25
Métis	390	205	185
Other North American origins	3,055	1,490	1,560
Acadian	20	0	10
American	210	105	105
Canadian	2,900	1,430	1,470
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 57	0	0	0
European origins	8,725	4,265	4,460
British Isles origins	5,400	2,610	2,785
Channel Islander	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0
English	3,125	1,485	1,640
Irish	1,925	940	985
Manx	0	0	0
Scottish	2,140	1,035	1,105
Welsh	320	140	175
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 58	375	175	195
French origins	1,325	655	670
Alsatian	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0
French	1,320	650	665
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,675	1,775	1,905
Austrian	95	50	50
Bavarian	0	0	0
Belgian	75	30	40
Dutch	590	295	300
Flemish	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0
German	3,125	1,490	1,640
Luxembourger	0	0	0
Swiss	30	10	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 59	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,545	725	820
Danish	150	45	100
Finnish	60	40	20
Icelandic	30	0	25
Norwegian	750	335	415
Swedish	745	370	370
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 60	55	20	40
Eastern European origins	2,060	1,030	1,025
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Czech	55	20	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 61	30	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	65	30
Latvian	15	0	10
Lithuanian	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Polish	655	340	315
Romanian	45	20	30
Russian	365	175	190
Slovak	30	20	10
Ukrainian	1,070	520	550
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 62	0	0	0
Southern European origins	455	275	170
Albanian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	10
Italian	130	80	50
Kosovar	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	55	45
Serbian	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Spanish	180	115	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 63	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 64	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	35	35
Basque	0	0	0
Jewish	45	15	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 65	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 66	25	20	10
Caribbean origins	100	35	60
Antiguan	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Jamaican	55	25	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	15	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 67	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 68	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	150	85	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0
Mexican	110	60	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	15	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 69	0	0	0
African origins	75	55	15
Central and West African origins	10	10	0
Akan	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 70	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 71	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	25	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 72	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Zambian	20	20	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 73	20	20	0
Other African origins	30	25	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 74	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 75	20	20	10
Asian origins	1,220	570	645
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	185	90	95
Afghan	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 76	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	65	65
Palestinian	10	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	15
Tajik	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0
Turk	0	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 77	15	0	10
South Asian origins	190	95	100
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0
East Indian	135	70	60
Goan	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Pakistani	70	25	45
Punjabi	15	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 78	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	840	385	455
Burmese	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Chinese	140	85	55
Filipino	635	275	360
Hmong	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20
Karen	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 79	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 80	0	0	10
Oceania origins	45	15	30
Australian	30	10	20
New Zealander	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10
Fijian	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 81	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	9,850	4,720	5,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,685	1,335	1,345
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 84	2,970	1,300	1,670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,200	2,080	2,120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,115	875	240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 85	380	200	180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 86	730	670	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,780	675	1,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	60	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,105	470	640
Bachelor's degree	830	345	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	20	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15
Master's degree	160	85	75
Earned doctorate^Footnote 87	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 88	9,855	4,715	5,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 89	5,650	2,635	3,015
Education	370	110	255
13. Education	370	115	255
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	70	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10
50. Visual and performing arts	70	35	40
Humanities	95	45	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 90	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10
54. History	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	65	185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	10	60
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 91	15	10	10
42. Psychology	50	20	30
45. Social sciences	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	695	210	480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	190	435
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 92	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	45	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	30	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 93	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,145	1,090	60
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	60	55	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	195	170	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	285	270	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	365	0
48. Precision production	240	225	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	85	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	65	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	10
Health and related fields	895	110	775
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	30	10
51. Health professions and related programs	855	80	770
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	205	165
12. Personal and culinary services	225	75	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	45	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	80	15
Other	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 94	9,850	4,715	5,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,650	2,635	3,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 95	4,200	2,080	2,120
Location of study inside Canada	3,610	1,815	1,800
Same as province or territory of residence	2,810	1,420	1,395
Different than province or territory of residence	805	395	410
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 96	590	265	320
United States^Footnote 97	75	40	30
Philippines	320	125	200
India	35	30	15
United Kingdom^Footnote 98	30	10	15
China^Footnote 99	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Other	125	60	65
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 100	9,855	4,715	5,135
In the labour force	6,465	3,420	3,045
Employed	5,855	3,040	2,820
Unemployed	605	380	225
Not in the labour force	3,390	1,300	2,095
Participation rate	65.6	72.5	59.3
Employment rate	59.4	64.5	54.9
Unemployment rate	9.4	11.1	7.4
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 101	9,855	4,715	5,135
Did not work^Footnote 102	3,170	1,225	1,945
Worked	6,685	3,490	3,195
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 103	3,285	1,830	1,455
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 104	3,400	1,660	1,740
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.5	42.2
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^Footnote 105	6,465	3,420	3,040
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 106	140	65	75
All classes of workers^Footnote 107	6,320	3,355	2,965
Employee	5,725	3,010	2,715
Self-employed^Footnote 108	595	345	255
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 109	6,460	3,415	3,045
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 110	145	60	80
All occupations^Footnote 111	6,325	3,355	2,965
0 Management occupations	540	330	205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	835	180	650
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	135	120	20
3 Health occupations	455	75	380
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	700	215	485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	95	25	70
6 Sales and service occupations	1,595	615	980
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,555	1,420	135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220	195	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	195	175	20
Total Labour Force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^Footnote 112	6,460	3,420	3,040
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^Footnote 113	140	60	75
All industry categories^Footnote 114	6,320	3,360	2,965
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	75	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	315	300	25
22 Utilities	40	25	15
23 Construction	635	565	65
31-33 Manufacturing	400	325	75
41 Wholesale trade	215	155	65
44-45 Retail trade	1,085	565	520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	235	170	65
51 Information and cultural industries	45	15	35
52 Finance and insurance	125	35	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	65	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	85	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	240	110	130
61 Educational services	365	115	250
62 Health care and social assistance	905	120	785
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	60	20
72 Accommodation and food services	530	225	305
81 Other services (except public administration)	335	165	170
91 Public administration	350	185	165
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 115	6,895	3,610	3,290
English	6,840	3,585	3,255
French	20	10	15
Non-official language	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	9,855	4,715	5,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,425	4,475	4,945
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,303	46,239	26,559
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,416	55,593	34,299
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,420	4,475	4,945
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,660	41,081	25,114
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,039	46,480	30,398
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,360	4,130	4,230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,249	46,149	23,983
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,953	54,645	31,537
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,280	2,520	3,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,449	8,465	8,438
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,469	9,220	9,636
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,980	3,605	3,375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,275	48,201	28,376
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,723	54,981	33,763
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 117	9,850	4,715	5,135
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	3,210	1,780	1,425
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 119	52,355	59,999	45,630
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 120	59,636	67,681	49,631
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 122	85.8	90.6	78.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 123	74.6	79.6	67.2
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 124	14.2	9.3	21.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 125	9,850	4,720	5,135
Without total income	430	240	190
With total income	9,425	4,475	4,945
Percentage with total income	95.7	94.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,125	365	760
$10,000 to $19,999	1,435	525	910
$20,000 to $29,999	1,600	540	1,055
$30,000 to $39,999	1,170	515	660
$40,000 to $49,999	910	465	450
$50,000 to $59,999	795	440	355
$60,000 to $69,999	610	325	285
$70,000 to $79,999	520	375	145
$80,000 to $89,999	305	205	100
$90,000 to $99,999	300	235	65
$100,000 and over	645	485	160
$100,000 to $149,999	485	345	145
$150,000 and over	160	140	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 126	9,850	4,715	5,135
Without after-tax income	430	240	185
With after-tax income	9,425	4,475	4,945
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	94.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,185	375	810
$10,000 to $19,999	1,475	540	935
$20,000 to $29,999	1,770	635	1,140
$30,000 to $39,999	1,375	640	735
$40,000 to $49,999	1,175	655	520
$50,000 to $59,999	805	455	350
$60,000 to $69,999	575	390	185
$70,000 to $79,999	375	265	105
$80,000 and over	690	530	165
$80,000 to $89,999	245	170	75
$90,000 to $99,999	165	130	30
$100,000 and over	280	225	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	9,850	4,715	5,135
Without employment income	2,875	1,110	1,755
With employment income	6,980	3,605	3,375
Percentage with employment income	70.9	76.5	65.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	855	320	530
$5,000 to $9,999	520	195	325
$10,000 to $19,999	755	295	460
$20,000 to $29,999	785	325	460
$30,000 to $39,999	755	365	395
$40,000 to $49,999	745	360	390
$50,000 to $59,999	640	395	245
$60,000 to $69,999	485	280	200
$70,000 to $79,999	355	265	95
$80,000 and over	1,080	810	275
$80,000 to $89,999	265	180	85
$90,000 to $99,999	260	190	70
$100,000 and over	555	440	115
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 128	12,210	5,950	6,260
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,510	2,995	3,515
In the bottom decile	1,045	495	555
In the second decile	1,455	580	875
In the third decile	1,390	640	750
In the fourth decile	1,320	645	675
In the fifth decile	1,300	640	660
In the top half of the distribution	5,695	2,950	2,745
In the sixth decile	1,370	700	670
In the seventh decile	1,225	640	585
In the eighth decile	1,160	590	565
In the ninth decile	1,070	550	515
In the top decile	875	460	415
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	12,210	5,950	6,260
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,565	690	870
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	11.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	660	340	325
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.7	5.2

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 2

In households where there is at least one person living with a child and a grandchild.

Footnote 3

In households that are not multigenerational where there is one census family with additional persons or more than one census family.

Footnote 4

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 5

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 8

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 9

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 10

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 11

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 12

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 14

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 15

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 16

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 18

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 20

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 22

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 24

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 25

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 26

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 27

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 28

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 29

For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 30

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 31

The official name of Bolivia is Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

The official name of Kosovo is Republic of Kosovo.

Footnote 37

Macedonia, Republic of: known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by the United Nations and other international bodies.

Footnote 38

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 39

The official name of Saint Helena is Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Footnote 40

The official name of Tanzania is United Republic of Tanzania.

Footnote 41

The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.

Footnote 42

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 43

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 44

West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine): West Bank and Gaza Strip are the territories referred to in the Declaration of Principles, signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993. Palestine refers to pre-1948 British mandate Palestine.

Footnote 45

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 46

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 47

The official name of North Korea is Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Footnote 48

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 49

The full name of Macao is Macao Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 50

The official name of Laos is Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Footnote 51

Includes other places of birth not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea'.

Footnote 52

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 53

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 54

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 55

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 56

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 57

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 58

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 59

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 60

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 61

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 62

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 63

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 64

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 65

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 66

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 67

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 68

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 69

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 70

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 71

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 72

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 73

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 74

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 75

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 76

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 77

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 78

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 79

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 80

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 81

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 82

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 83

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 84

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 85

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 86

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 87

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 88

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 89

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 90

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 91

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 92

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 93

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 94

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 95

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 96

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 97

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 98

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 99

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 100

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 101

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 102

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 103

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 104

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 105

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Footnote 106

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 107

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 108

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 109

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 110

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 111

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 112

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Footnote 113

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Footnote 114

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Footnote 115

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 116

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 117

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 118

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 119

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 120

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 121

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 122

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 123

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 124

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 125

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 126

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 127

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 128

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 129

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Data quality note(s) – Wetaskiwin

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016192.