Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Northumberland

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
0 to 14 years	6,105	5,105	975	30	0	985
0 to 4 years	1,985	1,695	265	25	0	280
5 to 9 years	1,945	1,595	340	10	0	345
10 to 14 years	2,180	1,810	365	0	0	365
15 to 64 years	28,135	21,695	6,355	85	0	6,400
15 to 19 years	2,540	2,075	445	15	0	450
20 to 24 years	2,095	1,725	365	10	0	365
25 to 29 years	1,845	1,410	425	10	0	430
30 to 34 years	1,970	1,540	425	0	0	425
35 to 39 years	2,310	1,720	585	0	0	590
40 to 44 years	2,860	2,275	570	15	0	580
45 to 49 years	3,085	2,285	795	0	0	800
50 to 54 years	3,680	2,805	870	10	0	875
55 to 59 years	3,860	2,875	970	20	0	980
60 to 64 years	3,890	2,985	900	0	0	900
65 years and over	9,840	7,525	2,290	20	0	2,305
65 to 69 years	3,470	2,745	720	15	0	725
70 to 74 years	2,465	1,810	635	0	0	640
75 to 79 years	1,720	1,270	450	0	0	450
80 to 84 years	1,290	1,010	290	0	0	285
85 years and over	890	690	205	0	0	205
85 to 89 years	605	455	150	0	0	150
90 to 94 years	215	180	35	0	0	35
95 to 99 years	65	50	20	0	0	20
100 years and over	10	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.4	44.6	48.1	36.2	0.0	not applicable ...
Median age	48.9	47.9	51.4	43.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	37,975	29,215	8,650	100	0	8,700
Married or living common law	22,685	17,295	5,335	45	0	5,360
Married	19,060	14,785	4,235	35	0	4,250
Living common law	3,625	2,510	1,100	10	0	1,110
Not married and not living common law	15,290	11,920	3,310	55	10	3,340
Never married	9,290	7,235	2,020	35	0	2,035
Separated	1,215	900	310	10	0	315
Divorced	1,955	1,645	300	10	0	305
Widowed	2,830	2,135	690	10	0	690
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	37,970	29,215	8,650	105	10	8,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,335	27,775	8,450	105	0	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,816	36,587	33,346	30,274	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,585	28,958	27,656	18,508	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,340	27,785	8,450	100	0	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,706	31,281	28,873	25,713	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,217	26,772	25,068	18,244	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,050	23,245	6,705	95	0	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,121	34,104	29,792	26,850	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,218	25,352	20,878	14,718	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,270	22,060	7,135	70	0	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,456	10,129	11,488	7,778	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,344	9,690	12,178	8,099	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,290	18,440	5,755	90	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,281	34,391	29,844	25,083	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,278	25,393	21,220	13,238	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	76.5	78.0	70.9	80.2	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	62.1	62.4	61.0	75.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	23.5	22.0	29.1	18.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	37,975	29,215	8,650	105	10	8,700
Without total income	1,640	1,445	205	0	0	200
With total income	36,335	27,775	8,445	105	10	8,500
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.1	97.6	100.0	100.0	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,170	4,170	980	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	990
$10,000 to $19,999	7,450	5,475	1,945	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,960
$20,000 to $29,999	6,445	4,680	1,745	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,755
$30,000 to $39,999	5,175	3,800	1,355	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,370
$40,000 to $49,999	3,735	2,900	825	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	830
$50,000 to $59,999	2,745	2,130	610	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	610
$60,000 to $69,999	1,795	1,445	350	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	345
$70,000 to $79,999	1,235	1,000	240	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	245
$80,000 to $89,999	1,015	855	160	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	160
$90,000 to $99,999	475	405	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$100,000 and over	1,085	920	160	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	160
$100,000 to $149,999	760	650	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$150,000 and over	325	270	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	37,975	29,215	8,650	100	0	8,700
Without after-tax income	1,630	1,435	200	0	0	200
With after-tax income	36,340	27,780	8,445	105	0	8,500
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.1	97.6	100.0	not applicable ...	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,275	4,250	1,005	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,015
$10,000 to $19,999	7,895	5,785	2,070	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,090
$20,000 to $29,999	7,850	5,635	2,205	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,205
$30,000 to $39,999	5,675	4,300	1,355	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,365
$40,000 to $49,999	4,035	3,175	855	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	855
$50,000 to $59,999	2,315	1,900	415	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	415
$60,000 to $69,999	1,620	1,325	290	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	290
$70,000 to $79,999	695	590	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$80,000 and over	980	820	155	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$80,000 to $89,999	315	250	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$90,000 to $99,999	210	180	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 and over	450	390	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	37,970	29,215	8,650	105	10	8,700
Without employment income	13,680	10,775	2,890	10	10	2,900
With employment income	24,290	18,440	5,760	95	0	5,800
Percentage with employment income	64.0	63.1	66.6	90.5	0.0	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,095	2,505	580	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	585
$5,000 to $9,999	2,585	1,960	615	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	620
$10,000 to $19,999	4,765	3,170	1,560	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,575
$20,000 to $29,999	3,515	2,665	840	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	845
$30,000 to $39,999	2,570	2,010	560	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	555
$40,000 to $49,999	2,120	1,595	515	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	520
$50,000 to $59,999	1,650	1,250	385	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	395
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	915	230	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	230
$70,000 to $79,999	955	795	160	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	160
$80,000 and over	1,890	1,565	315	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	320
$80,000 to $89,999	810	670	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	140
$90,000 to $99,999	305	245	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$100,000 and over	780	650	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	37,975	29,210	8,650	100	10	8,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	9,210	7,410	1,775	20	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	45,359	45,443	44,726	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	50,078	50,456	48,576	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	0	9,690
English only	30,920	30,920	0	0	0	0
French only	1,590	0	1,590	0	0	1,590
English and French	11,555	3,390	8,030	135	0	8,095
Neither English nor French	10	10	0	0	10	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	44,080	34,320	9,620	135	10	9,690
English	35,365	33,690	1,680	0	0	1,680
French	7,845	180	7,670	0	0	7,670
Non-official language	325	305	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal	155	150	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	175	150	0	20	10	10
English and French	450	70	265	120	0	325
English and non-official language	80	80	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	44,075	34,320	9,620	135	10	9,690
None	39,500	32,610	6,765	120	10	6,825
English	2,290	290	1,985	20	0	1,990
French	1,750	910	835	0	0	835
Non-official language	525	500	25	0	0	25
Aboriginal	355	355	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	145	25	0	0	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
English	32,945	32,930	15	0	0	15
French	9,670	150	9,515	0	0	9,520
Non-official language	930	895	15	20	10	25
Aboriginal	510	505	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	425	390	15	20	10	20
English and French	455	270	75	115	0	130
English and non-official language	70	70	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	44,075	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Official languages	44,070	34,310	9,620	135	0	9,690
English	42,480	34,315	8,030	135	0	8,100
French	13,145	3,395	9,620	130	0	9,685
Non-official languages	1,420	1,290	105	20	10	115
Aboriginal languages	705	695	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	720	600	100	20	10	105
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	3,625	2,925	650	45	0	675
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	3,535	2,870	615	45	0	640
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	2,630	2,480	135	15	0	145
Métis	860	345	480	30	0	500
Inuk (Inuit)	45	40	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	60	35	25	0	0	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	30	15	15	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,455	31,390	8,970	90	10	9,010
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	44,080	34,315	9,620	130	10	9,685
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,470	2,290	165	20	0	175
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	41,605	32,030	9,455	115	0	9,515
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	2,055	1,910	130	15	0	140
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	2,020	1,900	110	10	0	115
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,945	1,865	75	0	0	80
Métis single ancestry	60	20	25	10	0	35
Inuit single ancestry	15	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	35	10	20	10	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	10	20	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,525	1,695	810	20	0	820
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,365	1,630	725	15	0	735
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,660	1,225	425	10	0	425
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	680	375	305	0	0	305
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	30	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	160	70	85	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	60	75	10	0	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	39,500	30,715	8,680	100	10	8,735
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	43,730	33,980	9,610	135	0	9,675
Canadian citizens only	43,500	33,770	9,590	130	0	9,660
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	230	215	20	0	0	20
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	355	335	10	0	10	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	44,080	34,315	9,620	135	10	9,690
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	43,150	33,445	9,585	120	0	9,645
Immigrants^Footnote 42	850	800	35	15	10	45
Before 1981	430	410	15	0	0	10
1981 to 1990	105	90	0	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	80	80	0	0	10	0
2001 to 2010	125	105	20	0	0	20
2001 to 2005	45	45	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	80	60	25	0	0	25
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	110	110	10	0	0	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	75	75	0	0	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	855	795	40	15	10	45
Under 5 years	145	140	10	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	170	160	0	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	105	105	0	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	290	255	20	10	0	25
45 years and over	140	135	0	0	10	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	855	800	40	15	0	45
Americas	240	230	10	0	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	205	195	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	415	375	15	15	10	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	10
Germany	95	95	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	25	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	15	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	180	180	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	0	15	0	10
Africa	50	40	10	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	0	0	10
Asia	140	140	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	60	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	10	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	115	110	0	0	0	10
Americas	40	40	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	35	35	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	0	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	0	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	50	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	45	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	44,080	34,315	9,625	135	10	9,690
First generation^Footnote 71	1,095	1,030	40	15	0	45
Second generation^Footnote 72	1,545	1,430	110	0	0	115
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	41,445	31,860	9,465	115	0	9,525
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	430	385	25	10	10	30
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	175	150	20	0	0	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	75	60	10	0	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	95	90	10	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	205	195	10	0	0	10
Refugees^Footnote 79	40	30	0	15	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	44,080	34,320	9,620	135	0	9,690
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	410	370	40	0	0	35
South Asian^Footnote 83	55	60	0	0	0	0
Chinese	70	65	0	0	0	0
Black	125	95	35	0	0	30
Filipino	60	55	0	0	0	0
Latin American	25	30	0	0	0	0
Arab	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	30	30	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	43,670	33,945	9,580	135	10	9,650
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	44,080	34,315	9,625	135	10	9,690
North American Aboriginal origins	4,580	3,605	940	35	0	955
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,780	3,170	600	20	0	605
Inuit	65	50	15	0	0	10
Métis	925	460	435	25	0	455
Other North American origins	23,685	16,165	7,460	65	0	7,490
Acadian	1,690	585	1,080	35	0	1,095
American	115	85	25	0	0	30
Canadian	22,655	15,710	6,885	60	0	6,915
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,645	23,325	4,220	85	10	4,265
British Isles origins	22,400	21,055	1,300	45	0	1,320
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	9,385	8,785	575	25	0	590
Irish	12,100	11,500	575	30	0	585
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10,745	10,380	345	15	0	355
Welsh	515	505	0	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	425	420	0	0	0	0
French origins	10,345	6,520	3,770	55	0	3,800
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,345	6,520	3,770	50	0	3,795
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,940	1,865	60	0	10	60
Austrian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	45	0	0	0	0
Dutch	645	620	25	0	0	20
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,305	1,250	45	0	10	50
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	40	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	545	540	10	0	0	10
Danish	110	110	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	35	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	300	295	0	0	0	0
Swedish	95	90	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	25	25	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	400	370	15	15	0	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	25	10	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	50	0	10	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	100	0	0	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	70	60	10	0	0	10
Slovak	20	10	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	135	130	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	590	455	135	0	0	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italian	270	215	55	0	0	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	130	55	0	0	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	70	25	0	0	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	15	20	0	0	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	15	10	0	0	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	105	90	10	0	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	25	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	45	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	120	100	20	0	0	20
Central and West African origins	20	10	10	0	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	20	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	85	75	15	0	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	75	65	10	0	0	15
Asian origins	365	350	15	0	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	135	130	10	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	105	10	0	0	10
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	60	60	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	175	165	10	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	80	85	0	0	0	0
Filipino	60	60	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	55	0	0	0	0
Australian	55	50	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	37,970	29,215	8,650	105	0	8,700
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,235	6,470	3,715	45	0	3,735
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	11,395	9,640	1,730	25	0	1,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,350	13,105	3,205	35	10	3,225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,710	2,870	835	10	0	840
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	1,955	1,455	495	0	0	495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	1,755	1,415	340	0	0	340
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,125	6,470	1,640	10	10	1,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	425	120	0	0	120
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,965	3,340	610	15	0	615
Bachelor's degree	2,940	2,445	490	0	0	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	250	35	15	0	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	95	10	10	0	10
Master's degree	570	505	65	0	0	65
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	45	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	37,975	29,215	8,650	105	10	8,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	21,625	16,110	5,445	65	0	5,480
Education	1,565	1,290	270	0	0	275
13. Education	1,565	1,290	270	10	0	270
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	180	30	0	0	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	45	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	170	140	30	0	0	30
Humanities	550	505	45	10	0	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	15	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	120	120	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	150	15	0	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	120	10	0	0	10
54. History	80	60	15	0	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	35	30	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,055	900	150	0	0	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	45	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	360	290	75	0	0	75
22. Legal professions and studies	120	105	15	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	10	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	215	190	25	0	0	25
45. Social sciences	285	255	30	0	0	25
Business, management and public administration	3,130	2,375	755	0	0	755
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	430	340	90	0	0	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,690	2,025	660	0	0	665
Physical and life sciences and technologies	260	240	25	0	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	110	15	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	65	0	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	30	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	30	0	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	260	40	10	0	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	210	35	10	0	40
25. Library science	20	15	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	30	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,115	3,210	895	10	10	895
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	175	160	10	10	0	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	580	465	105	0	0	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,185	900	285	0	0	285
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,330	1,030	300	0	0	300
48. Precision production	835	635	195	10	10	195
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	420	325	95	0	0	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	65	30	0	0	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	315	255	65	0	0	65
Health and related fields	2,810	2,340	460	10	0	465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	70	25	0	0	25
51. Health professions and related programs	2,690	2,250	435	10	0	440
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	20	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,930	1,490	430	10	0	435
12. Personal and culinary services	905	670	230	0	0	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	35	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	515	430	80	0	0	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	480	355	115	10	0	120
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	37,975	29,215	8,645	100	0	8,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,625	16,105	5,445	70	10	5,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	16,350	13,105	3,205	35	10	3,220
Location of study inside Canada	15,790	12,605	3,160	30	0	3,170
Same as province or territory of residence	13,235	10,405	2,810	20	0	2,820
Different than province or territory of residence	2,555	2,200	345	10	0	350
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	560	500	45	10	10	50
United States^Footnote 130	275	255	20	0	0	20
Philippines	30	25	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	55	55	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	15	0	0	10
Other	175	150	10	10	0	20
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	37,975	29,215	8,645	105	10	not applicable ...
In the labour force	21,435	16,315	5,040	75	0	not applicable ...
Employed	17,340	13,390	3,875	65	0	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,100	2,925	1,165	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	16,540	12,895	3,610	25	10	not applicable ...
Participation rate	56.4	55.8	58.3	71.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	45.7	45.8	44.8	61.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	19.1	17.9	23.1	13.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	37,975	29,210	8,650	105	0	8,700
Did not work^Footnote 135	15,295	12,045	3,220	20	0	3,235
Worked	22,680	17,170	5,425	80	0	5,465
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	9,320	7,495	1,800	20	0	1,810
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	13,360	9,675	3,625	60	0	3,655
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.2	38.4	33.7	36.7	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	23,380	17,740	5,550	85	0	5,595
a.Management	1,460	1,195	260	0	0	265
00 Senior management occupations	115	85	25	10	0	25
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	405	325	70	10	0	75
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	655	555	100	0	0	100
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	295	230	65	0	0	60
b.Professional	2,725	2,195	525	10	0	525
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	600	485	120	0	0	120
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	215	185	25	0	0	25
30 Professional occupations in nursing	505	415	90	0	0	95
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	205	160	40	0	0	45
40 Professional occupations in education services	700	580	130	0	0	125
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	405	295	110	0	0	115
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	85	75	10	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,860	1,525	330	10	0	330
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	535	450	85	0	0	85
32 Technical occupations in health	540	480	65	0	0	60
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	395	325	65	0	0	65
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	170	125	40	10	0	40
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	220	150	75	0	0	75
d.Administration and administrative support	2,510	1,905	595	10	0	600
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,025	725	290	10	0	295
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	200	160	40	0	0	35
14 Office support occupations	890	685	205	0	0	200
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	405	340	60	10	0	65
e.Sales	2,155	1,730	415	10	0	420
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	230	170	55	0	0	55
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	920	745	165	10	0	170
66 Sales support occupations	1,015	815	190	10	0	195
f.Personal and customer information services	5,255	4,185	1,045	25	0	1,055
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	545	420	130	0	0	130
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,130	900	230	0	0	230
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	820	655	170	0	0	170
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,230	980	235	20	0	245
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,530	1,235	280	0	0	290
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,040	1,525	515	0	0	515
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,290	920	365	0	0	365
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	750	605	145	0	0	145
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,315	1,795	510	10	0	515
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	220	170	45	0	0	50
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,385	1,110	265	10	0	270
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	715	515	195	0	0	195
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,610	890	720	0	0	720
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	660	360	300	0	0	300
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	460	210	245	0	0	245
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	490	320	175	0	0	175
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,445	785	650	15	0	655
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	155	130	20	0	0	20
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	400	230	160	10	0	165
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	110	60	50	0	0	45
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	785	365	420	10	0	420
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	23,375	17,740	5,555	85	0	5,595
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,425	790	635	0	0	635
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	245	90	155	0	0	155
113 Forestry and logging	425	315	110	0	0	110
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	560	300	260	0	0	265
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	195	90	110	0	0	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	555	335	220	0	0	220
211 Oil and gas extraction	65	55	15	0	0	10
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	310	145	165	0	0	165
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	180	140	45	0	0	40
22 Utilities	120	110	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	125	115	10	0	0	10
23 Construction	2,150	1,610	535	0	0	540
236 Construction of buildings	580	435	145	10	0	145
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	560	415	140	0	0	140
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,010	760	255	0	0	255
31-33 Manufacturing	2,115	1,260	845	10	0	850
311 Food manufacturing	995	405	585	0	0	590
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	25	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	10	10	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	380	305	75	0	0	75
322 Paper manufacturing	50	55	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	10	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	15	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	25	20	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	20	10	20	0	0	15
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	55	45	15	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	45	35	10	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	105	70	35	0	0	35
333 Machinery manufacturing	130	95	35	0	0	35
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	15	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	110	100	0	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	90	35	55	0	0	55
41 Wholesale trade	425	305	115	0	0	120
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	25	15	0	0	15
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	95	60	30	10	0	35
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	40	25	15	0	0	15
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	25	20	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	50	50	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	150	115	30	0	0	30
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	35	15	20	0	0	20
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,045	2,505	530	20	0	535
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	430	340	90	0	0	90
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	45	45	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	30	30	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	265	190	70	10	0	70
445 Food and beverage stores	805	640	160	0	0	165
446 Health and personal care stores	330	290	40	0	0	40
447 Gasoline stations	200	165	30	10	0	35
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	230	210	15	0	0	15
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	70	65	10	0	0	10
452 General merchandise stores	430	365	65	0	0	65
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	125	95	30	0	0	25
454 Non-store retailers	80	65	15	0	0	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	875	740	140	0	0	140
481 Air transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	20	20	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	530	435	95	0	0	95
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	90	80	10	0	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	85	75	15	0	0	15
491 Postal service	105	95	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	25	20	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	10	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	210	185	30	0	0	30
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	35	35	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	25	20	10	10	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	25	20	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	85	75	10	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	35	30	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	10	0	10	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	300	215	85	0	0	85
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	185	130	50	0	0	50
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	20	20	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	95	65	30	0	0	30
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	95	15	0	0	20
531 Real estate	95	80	15	0	0	15
532 Rental and leasing services	15	10	10	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	700	600	100	0	0	100
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	700	600	100	0	0	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,240	1,030	195	15	0	200
561 Administrative and support services	1,155	965	175	15	0	185
562 Waste management and remediation services	85	60	20	0	0	20
61 Educational services	1,595	1,305	280	10	0	285
611 Educational services	1,595	1,305	280	10	0	280
62 Health care and social assistance	3,165	2,540	610	15	0	620
621 Ambulatory health care services	720	560	145	10	0	150
622 Hospitals	1,005	815	195	0	0	195
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	790	640	155	0	0	155
624 Social assistance	650	530	115	0	0	120
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	240	45	0	0	45
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	65	55	10	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	30	25	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	185	155	30	0	0	30
72 Accommodation and food services	1,540	1,205	330	10	0	335
721 Accommodation services	255	220	40	0	0	40
722 Food services and drinking places	1,285	985	290	10	0	295
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,155	880	275	0	0	270
811 Repair and maintenance	405	315	90	0	0	90
812 Personal and laundry services	340	250	85	0	0	90
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	310	250	60	0	0	60
814 Private households	95	60	30	0	0	35
91 Public administration	2,330	1,775	555	0	0	550
911 Federal government public administration	1,345	955	385	0	0	390
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	570	455	115	0	0	115
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	315	270	50	0	0	55
914 Aboriginal public administration	95	95	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	17,340	13,390	3,875	65	0	3,910
Worked at home	695	555	140	0	0	140
Worked outside Canada	50	40	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,345	1,810	540	0	0	535
Worked at usual place	14,240	10,985	3,195	60	0	3,225
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	23,375	17,740	5,555	85	0	5,595
English	19,110	17,320	1,765	25	0	1,775
French	3,265	195	3,050	15	0	3,060
Non-official language	40	40	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	40	40	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	935	150	735	50	0	760
English and non-official language	35	35	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	23,375	17,740	5,555	85	0	5,595
None	19,270	16,360	2,845	65	0	2,880
English	1,680	115	1,555	10	0	1,560
French	2,185	1,030	1,150	10	0	1,150
Non-official language	230	225	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	210	210	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	20	0	0	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,240	10,985	3,195	65	0	3,225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,385	6,020	1,330	35	0	1,345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,375	3,960	1,390	30	0	1,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,085	695	390	0	0	390
Commute to a different province or territory	400	310	85	0	0	85
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	16,590	12,795	3,735	60	0	3,765
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,910	10,670	3,190	50	0	3,215
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,390	1,100	275	10	0	285
Public transit	290	250	35	10	0	35
Walked	620	495	125	0	0	125
Bicycle	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other method	365	270	100	0	0	100
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	16,595	12,795	3,735	60	0	3,765
Less than 15 minutes	7,355	5,760	1,555	35	0	1,575
15 to 29 minutes	5,315	4,330	975	10	0	975
30 to 44 minutes	1,955	1,370	590	0	0	585
45 to 59 minutes	810	525	275	10	0	280
60 minutes and over	1,150	805	340	10	0	340
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	16,590	12,795	3,735	65	0	3,765
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,320	995	320	0	0	325
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,040	2,290	745	10	0	750
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,195	3,900	1,280	15	0	1,290
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,095	2,515	565	20	0	575
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,275	1,045	220	0	0	230
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,660	2,055	595	10	0	605
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	43,765	34,045	9,580	130	10	9,650
Non-movers	40,150	31,100	8,945	105	0	8,995
Movers	3,615	2,945	640	25	0	655
Non-migrants	2,100	1,720	375	10	0	380
Migrants	1,515	1,230	265	25	0	275
Internal migrants	1,445	1,170	260	15	0	265
Intraprovincial migrants	960	750	195	10	0	205
Interprovincial migrants	485	420	60	0	0	65
External migrants	70	60	0	0	10	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	42,095	32,615	9,355	110	10	9,410
Non-movers	32,630	25,030	7,510	85	10	7,550
Movers	9,460	7,585	1,845	25	0	1,860
Non-migrants	5,525	4,425	1,095	0	0	1,095
Migrants	3,940	3,160	750	25	10	760
Internal migrants	3,795	3,025	745	20	0	760
Intraprovincial migrants	2,470	1,920	540	10	0	545
Interprovincial migrants	1,325	1,105	210	15	0	215
External migrants	140	130	10	10	0	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Northumberland

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.